engaged in ocean engineering. Their deep basin (295 ft long, 48 ft wide, 15 ft deep with a 30 ft pit) has been the proving ground for many internationally known drilling rigs. Their shallow basin, a new and unique model testing facility (105 × 138 ft with a 5 ft depth) can simultaneously simulate wind, regular and r andom seas, multi-directional waves and currents, and is ideally suited for studying offshore moorings, ports, harbours, and breakwaters.

ARCTEC, which currently operates ice model testing basins, hydraulic laboratories, and cold rooms in Canada and the United States, looks forward to serving the existing and future clients of A R C T E C and O T C with a much broader range of ocean, lake, and river engineering and research services. These services will not only include model testing, but will encompass feasibility studies, engineering design, and field testing.

Further details from Arctec Canada Limited, 311 Leggett Drive, Kanata , Ontar io K 2 K 1ZB, Canada.

BOOK REVIEWS Mechanics of Wave Induced Forces on Cylinders T. L. Shaw Pitman Books Limited, London, 1979, £22.50

As collection of forty papers selected out of one hundred presented at the Symposium on the Mechanics of Wave Induced Force on Cylinders, Bristol, England, 1978, the book is an unusually well organized, practical, and comprehensive text covering a narrow but increasingly important field where technology is still very much in its infancy. Divided into eight focal areas including inertial and viscous flow, wave mechanics, and wave current interactions in the vicinity of cylindrical marine structures, the text presents a considerable collection of recent experimental results, comparisons with established theoretical results, and new theoretical developments.

It is nearly impossible in a work of this type for the reviewer to single out one characteristic feature among edited publications: however, this one stands out by its high standard of contri- butions and its editorial organization. Not only does it read continuously without annoying changes of notation, jargon, and perspective, but also the clarity of presentation suggests that the editor really has done his homework - - a refreshing exception in an area increasingly dominated by nescient publi- cation machines.

The first eight chapters review the state of the art in prediction, analysis, and measurement of wave induced forces on this type of marine structures. The first examines how structures are affected by different aspects of viscous flow and in particular, how the interactions between vortices within the wake affects drag predictions. The next chapter carries this further to discuss the effects of surface roughness in this context and to present an introductory look at the recent experimental results for oscil- latory motion of cylinders at high Reynolds number carried out in the USA. The third chapter leaves viscous effects to present the theory for the diffraction regime, including random wave theory and the effects on floating bodies. The fourth deals with the theory and practical knowledge associated with submerged cable instability, including galloping, vortex induced vibration, and wave-induced flutter. The fifth returns to studies on viscous flows, but dealing with improvement of analytical methods for vortex simulation by the use of discr6te vortex elements. Although the method of discrete vortices is promising, and does parallel the increasing development of other boundary element techniques in many engineering analyses, the (possibly pre- judiced) reviewer regards it as somewhat speculative. However,

to omit discussion of this method would make any state of the art examination incomplete.

The next focal subject concerns the probabalistic approach to wave loadings and is largely a review of classical models, although discussion of the limitations of existing theories are tendered. Wave-current interactions are the focus of the follow- ing chapters which are not discussed in great detail although the specialized papers later in the book cover certain aspects of the subject more thoroughly. The final introductory chapter on the mechanics of breaking waves is more of a literature survey than anything else and again is better covered in the later paper ('Breaking waves the plunging jet and interior flow field').

A nearly eight hundred page treatise on the mechanics of wave induced forces on cylindrical marine structures, the book clearly belongs on the shelf of every researcher and engineer involved in offshore structure engineering and is, without any reservation, a very complete and practical publication.

J. M. Nelson

Mathematical Aspects of Marine Traffic Edited by S. H. Hollinydale Academic Press, London, £17.50

This book is based on the Proceedings of the Conference on Mathematical Aspects of Marine Traffic organized by the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications in collaboration with several other organizations, notably the Royal Institute of Navigation and the Maritime Institute. The two-day Conference was held at Chelsea College, London, in September 1977.

There were seventeen papers in all. Each of the first four papers presented respectively by E. R. Hargreaves, formerly of the Department of Trade, J. H. Beattie of Decca Radar, J. E. Bury of Trinity House and by S. H. Hollingdale, formerly of the Royal Aircraft Establishment, sets the scene in their different ways by presenting a historical survey or by raising broad issue pertain- ing to the main theme of the Conference. The next three papers deal with the collection, analysis and evaluation of statistical data, followed by a paper on the underwater enivronment which describes the techniques and pitfalls of charting the everchang- ing shape of the seabed in confined waters.

The remaining nine papers, including four from the National Maritime Institute are concerned with mathematical modelling of various aspects of the marine traffic problem with the Japanese approach to marine engineering discussed in a paper by Professor Y. Iijima and a hydrodynamic modelling for simulating tide and surge propagation in shallow waters in a paper by D. Prandl of the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences. Shipping operations in the Suez Canal are discussed by J. D. Griffiths and E. M. Hassan of the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology.

As may be expected from the status of the organisers of the Conference, there is considerable mathematical content in most of the papers, from simple trigonometry to kinematics and probability theory, but perhaps of not too high a degree of complexity to dissuade prospective readers of the book who may wish to gain an insight into the problem of marine traffic engineering.

T. K. S. Murthy

Offshore Geotechnical Research Proceedings of Department of Energy symposium held at BRE, Gars ton, 20-21 November 1978

The Proceedings of a two-day seminar held at the Building Research Establishment in November 1978 were prepared as a compilation of the industry's opinion of a series of offshore

Applied Ocean Research, 1981, Vol. 3, No. 1 45

geotcchnical research studies carried out on behalf of the Deparment of the Environment. This used the original pro- posals of the Department of Trade and lndustry's Advisory Group on Seabed Stability as a reference framework. The Seabed Stability Group, as it was called, was set up in 1973,.'74 to look into problems of seabed stability relating to the develop- ment of North Sea oil and gas. The original Seabed Stability Group programme covered four main topics: (ll site in- vestigation: (2) soil properties: (3) monitoring of full-scale performance: (4) prediction analysis and design.

Within site investigation, there were three original topics: {t/ experimental geotechnical mapping of the UK continental shelf; (2) a study of banking geotechnical data; {3) a study of pick marks. These studies were carried out by the Institute of Geological Science.

In addition to these studies, three further studies were added, as follows: {1) the relevance of sandwave research to offshore engineering: {2) sea-floor acoustic and resistivity probes: (3) new developments in geophysical techniques for soil investigation.

The Proceedings also cover the work carried out to in- vestigate it~ situ methods of measuring soil properties under the Department of Energy programme of research which, in parti- cular, further developed the push-in pressure meter for offshore u s e .

There is a short section on the influence of modes of

deposition of glacial soils insofar as they influence engineering properties of North Sea foundations.

Two sessions of the seminar wcre devoted to various aspects of the behaviour of soils under cyclic loading conditions. These covered triaxial and simple shear element testing, and testing on a larger scale using the Manchester University centrifuge and plate bearing tests.

The session on full-scale measurement of gravity platforms covered: {1) the BRE interpretation of foundation behaviour of the Christchurch Bay Wave Tower (OSFLAG 9): (2) the Brent B instrumentation project; {3} work carried out by Ltoyd's Register of Shipping on the dynamic response of gravity platforms; [4) NGI's analysis of full-scale measurements of gravity platform skirt penetration.

The final session looks at the work currently being carried out by BRE, Cambridge and Manchester Universities, Queen Mary College and by Taylor Woodrow m respect of the design of offshore piling.

The Proceedings is a slim volume relatively little hard data within it. It does, however, contain a useful list of relevant publications. Also, the discussion, which is concisely reported, gives an interesting insight into the various views of that part of the offshore industry concerned with these matters.

Philip Georqe

NEW BOOKS This section lists books within the field of ocean resources that have recently been published and the descriptions given are those supplied by the book publishers. Comprehensive reviews of these books will appear in future issues.

Numerical Methods in Offshore Piling T h o m a s Telford Limited, London , £18.00 This volume contains a review of methods used in existing offshore structures and indicates improved techniques for the future. It is written for engineers concerned with the problems of design, installation and performance of piled structures. Twenty papers form the basis of the volume, with authors from Europe, North America, the Middle East and Australia. A wide-ranging discussion stimulated by these papers is included.

Second Wind Energy Systems B H R A Fluid Engineering, Cranfield Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Wind Energy Systems held in Amsterdam, Netherlands, October 1978. The most recent developments in the technological and en- vironmental problems associated with wind energy conversion systems are covered by this set of conference proceedings. The subjects range from the design, construction, manufacture and siting of wind energy conversion systems: their applications: interfacing, storage and an ancillary equipment to national programmes and environmental impact.

Wave and Tidal Energy BHRA Fluid Engineering, Cranfield Proceedings of the International Symposium on Wave and Tidal Energy held in Canterbury, U.K. ~p tember 1978. Subjects covered include the mechanisms for the extraction of energy from waves, tides and the ocean currents, the devices and

equipment required for energy extraction, modelling, testing and sea trails of possible systems and equipment, specific wave, tidal and ocean current projects, and applications of the technology to electric power generation.

First Wind Energy Systems BHRA Fluid Engineering, Cranfield Proceedings of the International Symposium on Wind Energy Systems held in Cambridge UK September 1976 [Microfiche Edition only). Subjects covered include the potential for power production by large dispersed arrays of wind turbines, a crossflow wind turbine', general performance theory for crosswind axis turbines; WVU wind energy concentrators; tornado-type wind energy systems; basic consideration; wind-power installations for water pumping in developing countries.

Structural Mechanics Finite Element Computer Programs A Decade with Finite Elements (1970-1980) AEC Corp, Linkoping, 665 pp. $84.00 This comprehensive book published by Advanced Engineering Corp. (AEC) is the fifth publication dealing with finite element programs. It includes 600 programs and about 2700 references. The book is arranged in two sections. The first part covers the program characteristics, description, element library and hard- ware mlormanon. The range of application includes finite element programs with linear and non-linear statics, dynamics and heat transfer. Presented programs are arranged alphabeti- cally in user-oriented table form. The second part of the book gives the address to program-developer and references to manuals, journals, conference proceedings, and internal reports which describe the programs and applications experiences. News for this edition: each program is presented with a short abstract. Solution technique is given. Available pre- and/or post- processor programs are referred. Programs for desktop- and mini-computers have been included.

46 Applied Ocean Research, 1981, Vol. 3, No. 1