office automation (noor college of professional education)

Noor College Of Professional Education

Course Name: Office Automation

(Assignment Work Book)

Muhammad Ehsan

Roll no: 08

Batch: April-11

M Ehsan

Text Box


INDEX(Assignment)

S.No Assignment Name Page no # Signature

1. Introduction to IT 3 to 92. Introduction to Windows 9 to 123. Introduction to MS Office 12 to 21

MS Word MS Excel MS Power Point MS Access

12 to 1414 to 1920 to 2020 to 21

4. Introduction to Internet 21 to 225. Introduction to VB 22 to 266. Excel Quick Reference 2007 27 to 28

7. Word Tips8. Extra Assignments --- to ---

29 to 33


Introduction to Information Technology (IT):

Information Technology is the combination of Computer Technology and CommunicationTechnology. Computer is an electronic data processing machine which gets input, processes it and

then gives output.

Input - Process - OutputData - Process - Information2 + 2 - Process - 4

History of Computer:

1. Dark Ages - 3000 B.C - 1890

Abacus


2. Middle Ages - 1890 - 1944

Calculator

3. Modern Ages - 1944 - to-date

Computer

Classification of Computer:

Generations of Computer Types of Computer Sizes of Computer Functions of Computer

Generations of Computer:o 1st Generation 1944 - 1959

[Vacuum Tubes]


o 2nd Generation 1959 - 1965[Transistors]

o 3rd Generation 1965 - 1970

[ICs (Integrated Circuits)]

o 4th Generation 1970 - to-date

[Microprocessors]

o 1st Electronic Computer introduced in 1946:

ENIAC ???

Electrical NumericalIntegrated and Calculator

o 1st Automatic Computer introduced in 1948:

EDSAC ???

Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer


Types of Computer:

Digital Computer Based on binary numbers 0 & 1. Analog Computer Based on continuous physical quantity. Hybrid Computer Combination of both.

Sizes of Computer: Micro Computer Mini Computer Mainframe Computer Super Computer Micro Controllers

“1st Microprocessor was 4004 Introduced in 1971 by Intel”

Personal Computer:1st PC introduced in 1973 by Radio Shack.1st IBM’s PC introduced in 12th August, 1981.

Models of PCs:

Original PC PC-XT (Extended Technology) PC-AT 286 (Advanced Technology) PC-AT 386 SX PC-AT 386 DX PC-AT 486 SX PC-AT 486 DX

PC-AT 486 DX2 PC-AT 486 DX4 PENTIUM PENTIUM - II PENTIUM – III PENTIUM - IV

Data:

“Any fact, any figure, any picture, any sound, any drawing is called a data”.

AlphabeticNumericAlpha NumericSpecial Characters

PicturesDrawingSoundMovie

Input Devices:

Keyboard Mouse Joystick Scanner

Mic Light Pen Touch Screen Fax Machine


Output Devices:

Monitor Printer Plotter Speakers

Fax Machine Camera

Computer Input Devices Output Devices Control Unit Memory Unit/ALU

Human Being Eye, Ear Voice Central Nervous System Brain Memory

Measuring Units of Data: BIT = Binary Digit 1 BIT = 0 or 1 1 BYTE = 8 Bits 1 KILO BYTE = 1024 Bytes 1 MEGA BYTE = 1024 KB 1 GIGA BYTE = 1024 MB 1 TERRA BYTE = 1024 GB

Storage Devices: Hard Disk Floppy Disk Tape Backup

CD DVD

Memory: Main Memory Mass Memory

Main Memory:Also called Primary Memory

RAMRandom Access Memory Temporary Volatile Power off data lost Read and write

ROMRead Only Memory Permanent Non-Volatile


Applications software

Entertainmentsoftware

Education &Referencesoftware

Basicproductivity

software

Business &Specialized

software

Pac-ManPinball

EncyclopediaLibrary search

Wordprocessing

SpreadsheetDatabase

Communications

Desktop publishingHypertext

Mass Memory:

Secondary Memory Hard Disk Floppy Disk CD

Backup Memory Tape Backup

Hardware and Software: Physical Devices or Components are called Hardware. Software consists of the instructions that tell the Computer how to perform a task.

Software:Software consists of the step-by-step instruction that tell the computer how to perform atask. Software is of two types,

1. System software2. Application software

Types of Application Software: Entertainment software Education and reference software Basic productivity software Business and specialized software

System Software:System software enables the application software to interact with the computer and helpsthe computer manage its internal and external resources.

There are three types of system software1. Operating system2. Utility programs3. Language translators


Operating System:The operating system (OS) consists of the master system of programs that manage thebasic operations of the computer.

Utility Programs:Utility programs are generally used to support, improve, or expand existing programs in acomputer system.

Language Translator:A language translator is software that translates a program written in a computerlanguage into the machine language.

Operating System:There are two types of operating system Single user (Windows 98, DOS) Multi user (Windows 2000, Unix)

Introduction to MS Windows:MS Windows is a colorful, pictorial and graphical environment. It is operating system software.We can operate more than one program at a time in Windows. It also controls our hardwaredevices.

GUI = Graphical User Interface: Desktop Taskbar Icons

Icon:Graphical or pictorial representation which shows any file, program, folder, drive or command.

Folders (for keeping purpose) Shortcuts (switches or links)

Paint:

Start—Programs—Accessories—PaintOrStart—Run—MSPAINT

Image—Clear ImageEdit—Undo (Ctrl + Z, to cancel lastcommand)Edit—Repeat (Ctrl + Y, to repeat lastcommand)

File—Save (Ctrl + S)File—New (Ctrl + N)File—Open (Ctrl + O)


View—Text Toolbar

B = BoldI = ItalicU = Underline

Wingdings (a symbolic font)View—Zoom—Show Grid

Edit—Cut / CopyEdit—Paste

Word Pad:

Start—Programs—Accessories—WordPadOrStart—Run—WordPad

Align LeftCenter

Align RightEdit—Select All (Ctrl + A)

Bullets (to show information in points)

Ctrl + Home (starting point)Ctrl + End (ending point)Ctrl + B (Bold)Ctrl + I (Italic)

Ctrl + U (Underline)Alt + F4 (Exit)

Edit—Find (Ctrl + F):1. Match whole word only2. Match case

Edit—Replace (Ctrl + H)Date / Time

File—Print PreviewFile—Print

Display Settings:

Start—Settings—Control Panel—DisplayOrRight click on Desktop—Properties

Position:1. Center2. Tile3. Stretch

C:\WindowsFile—Set as Background

Screen Saver:1. 3D Text2. Marquee


My Pictures Slide Show—Settings—BrowseC:\Windows\Web\Wallpaper

Appearance (to change colors of Windows environment)Desktop—Customize Desktop —Web

New—BrowseDesktop—Customize Desktop—General (Effects):

Change Icon

Restore DefaultGet Data Back

Settings (to change pixel settings and colors of screen)

Start—Documents (shows shortcuts of recently used files)

Add a printer:

Start—Settings—Printers and Faxes—Add a printer—Follow Options.

Start—Settings—Taskbar & Start MenuAlt + Tab (Switch b/w loaded programs)

Start—Search—For Files or Folders

Naeem.bmp (Paint)A*.rtf (WordPad)*m.xls (xlsx) (Excel)A*m.doc (docx) (Word)Ali*.ppt (pptx) (Power Point)

*.mdb (accdb) (Access)3d*.scr (Screen Saver)?m*.txt (Text files)Ali*.* (All programs)

Start—Help and Support

Start—Run:Run: to load any program, file, web site directly or to install new software.

MS Excel = excel MS Word = winword MS Power Point = powerpnt MS Access = msaccess

Paint = mspaint, pbrush WordPad = wordpad, write DOS = command, cmd Calculator = calc

Start—Run—Browse—CD drive—Desired program’s folder

Setup, install me, extract, zip filesRead me (serial number).


Introduction to MS Office:Some of its commonly used packages are:

MS Word:MS Word is a part of word processor, used for documentation. In this program we createfaxes, memos, applications, resumes, and business letters. We can also design web pages inMS Word.

There are 5 different views in MS Word.

1. Print Layout2. Draft (Normal)3. Web Layout4. Outline5. Full Screen Reading (Book Reading)

Increase Font Size = Ctrl + ]Decrease Font Size = Ctrl + [Page Layout—Hyphenation—AutomaticReview—Thesaurus (Shift + F7)Review—Spellings and Grammar (F7)

Office Button—Word Options—Proofing —AutoCorrect Options—Add

Home—Font—FontHome—Font—Character Spacing


Indents: (for paragraph setup)

1. First Line Indent2. Hanging Indent3. Left Indent4. Right Indent

Home / Page Layout—ParagraphLine SpacingSpacing (for paragraphs)Home—Borders and ShadingPage Border—Art

Insert—Drop CapPage Layout—ColumnsApply to: - This point forwardWorking area = 6.5 x 9 inches

Page Layout—Insert Page & Section Breaks—Column (Ctrl + Shift + Enter)Page Layout— Insert Page & Section Breaks—Page (Ctrl + Enter)

Home—Find—Go To (Ctrl + G, F5)Home—Change Case (Shift + F3)Home—Paragraph—Tabs—LeaderHome—Bullets

Home—NumberingHome—Multilevel ListIncrease Indent (Tab)Decrease Indent (Shift + Tab)

Insert—Symbol—Shortcut Key Insert—Equation

Picture Tools / Page Layout—Text Wrapping Picture Tools / Page Layout—Recolor

Page Layout—Watermark—Custom WatermarkPage Layout—Page ColorInsert—Insert Table

Table:Tools—Layout—Merge CellsTable Tools—Layout—Split CellsTable Tools—Layout—Split TableTable Tools—Layout—Text Direction

Table Tools—Layout—Data—FormulaInsert—Table—Convert Text to TableTable Tools—Layout —Data—ConvertTable to Text

Insert—Table—Draw TableInsert—Table—Excel Spreadsheet

Insert—Object

Mail Merge: combination of two files,

1. Main Document (letters)2. Data Source File (records)

Mailings—Start Mail Merge—LettersMailings—Select Recipients—Type New List / Use Existing List


Customize Columns (to add or delete any field)

1. Insert Merge Field2. Preview Results (View Merged Data)

Finish & Merge:

1. Edit Individual Documents2. Print Documents3. Send E-mail Messages

Edit Recipient List (to add or remove new records or fields)1. Filter2. Sort

Office Button—New—Installed Templates

MS Excel:MS Excel is an electronic spreadsheet program, which consists of rows and columns. In thisprogram we create salary sheets, result sheets, invoices, ledgers and any type of a calculatingwork.

Cell: intersection of a row and column is called a cell.

Columns = 16,384 (A – XFD)Rows (lines) = 10, 48,576Cells = 17,17,98,69,184

Office Button—Excel Options—Formulas—R1C1 Reference Style

Zoom = 10 – 400 (standard = 100%)32,767 (characters in a cell)Auto Sum (Alt + =)

Merge and CenterView / Page Layout—Gridlines

Ctrl + Shift + Right ArrowCtrl + Shift + Down Arrow

Ctrl + Shift + End

Before to create any formula in Excel we must use, = or @

Plus = +Minus = -Multiply = *

Divide = /Power = ^


1. =G5/300*100 (Enter)2. =G5/300 (Enter)then click on % Style

Increase DecimalDecrease Decimal

Home—Insert—Insert Sheet (Shift + F11) Home—Find & Select—Go To (Ctrl + G, F5)

Sheet135!A1

To rename any sheet we use, double click or right click on sheet’s name.

IF Function:

=IF(H5>=80%,"A-1",IF(H5>=70%,"A",IF(H5>=60%,"B",IF(H5>=50%,"C","Fail"))))

=IF(i5="A-1","Excellent",IF(i5="A","V-Good",IF(i5="B","Good",IF(i5="C","Fair","Work Hard"))))

One IF has 64 nested IFs.

Home—Insert1. Insert Sheet Rows (upward)2. Insert Sheet Columns (leftward)

3. Insert Cells

Home—Delete (to delete entire row, column or cell)1. Delete Cells2. Delete Sheet Rows

3. Delete Sheet Columns4. Delete Sheet

To edit any cell or formula we use F2, double click or click in Formula bar.

Home—Format Painter (to copy format only)Home—Clear

1. Clear All2. Clear Formats

3. Clear Contents4. Clear Comments

Review—New Comment (indicating note)Review—Show All Comments (to show comments)


Column width = 8.43 (255) (Based on characters)Row height = 15.00 (409) (Based on points)

Home—Format—Row1. Row Height 2. AutoFit Row Height

Home—Format—Column1. Column Width 2. AutoFit Column Width

Home—Format—Hide & Unhide

1. Hide / Unhide Columns2. Hide / Unhide Rows

3. Hide / Unhide Sheet

Home—Format

1. Rename Sheet2. Move or Copy Sheet

3. Tab Color

Home—Format as TableHome—Cell Styles

Home—Conditional Formatting

Count IF:

=COUNTIF(D5:AH5,"P")

=IF(B2>0,"Profit",IF(B2<0,"Loss","No Profit NoLoss"))

Page Layout—Page SetupOffice Button—Print—Print Preview—Page Setup

Preview: (Ctrl + F2)1. Next Page 2. Show Margins

Preview—Page Setup—Page1. Portrait2. / Landscape 3. Adjust to 100% (Zoom)

Paper size:Letter (8.5 x 11 inches) Print quality: 1800 dpiDPI = Dots per inchPreview—Page Setup—MarginsCenter on pagePreview—Page Setup—Header / Footer

Custom HeaderCustom FooterPreview—Page Setup—Sheet

1. Row and column headings2. Gridlines 3. Black and white 4. Draft quality

View—Page Break PreviewView—Normal

View—Page Layout


Home—Fill—SeriesSmart Tag (shows related options)Page Layout—Page Setup—Sheet

1. Rows to repeat at top2. Columns to repeat at left

3. Comments4. Print Area

Page Layout—Print Area

1. Set Print Area2. Clear Print Area

3. Add Print Area

Office Button—Print

1. Quick Print 2. PrintPrint Screen—Paste—Picture Tools—Crop

Average:=AVERAGE(C2:C7)Sum, Count, Max, Min, ProductHome—Format Cells—NumberStart—Settings—Control Panel—Regional Options—Customize

Home— Format Cells—AlignmentWrap text (Alt + Enter)Shrink to fitMerge cellsFont size= 1 – 1638Home—Format Cells—Font

1. Strikethrough2. Superscript

3. Subscript4. Double Underline

Home—Format Cells—BorderHome—Format Cells—Fill

Home—Format Cells—ProtectionHome—Format—Protect Sheet (Cells locked)

Office Button—Save / Save As—Tools—General Options (2007) Save As = F12 Iprotect Magic Folder

Graph: visual or graphicalrepresentation of values or numericdata.

Insert—Chart—Column Chart Chart Tools—Design—Quick

Layout Chart Tools—Design—Switch

Row/Column Chart Tools—Design—Select Data

Chart Tools—Layout / Format—Format Selection

Pie Chart: is used for one series onlyand to show percentage.

Chart Tools—Design—Move Chart Line Chart: is used to show ups and

downs of our values.


Salary Sheet:

1. Code No.2. Name3. Designation4. Basic Salary5. Per Day

6. Days7. Month Salary8. Over time hours9. Over time amount10. Medical Allowance

11. House Allowance12. Gross Salary13. Tax14. Net Salary

Per Day = Basic / 30 =E5 / 30M. Sal. = Per Day * Days =F5*G5

O. T. Amount = ((Basic * 1%)*OTH) = ((E5*1%)*i5)

= (((Basic /240)*1.5)*OTH)= (((E5/240)*1.5)*i5)

M. Alwn. = Basic Sal. * 20% =E5*20%

H. Alwn.

=IF (E5>=50000, E5*20%,IF (E5>=30000, E5*15%,IF (E5>=20000, E5*10%, E5*5%)))

G. Sal. = M.Sal+OTA+MA+HA =H5+J5+K5+L5

Tax:=IF (M5>=60000, M5*10%,IF (M5>=40000, M5*5%, 0))

N. Sal. = Gross – Tax =M5-N5

Sort Ascending

Sort Descending

Home—Sort & Filter—Custom SortOrData—SortHome—Sort & Filter—Filter—CustomFilter

OrData—Filter —Custom FilterData—Subtotal

Data—Validation

Data Validation-Error Alert Circled Invalid Data Clear Validation Circles

View—Freeze PanesView—Split


By using Shift key we select different objects in Excel.

Home—Find & Select—Select ObjectsHome—Find & Select—Selection PaneInsert—WordArt –Drawing Tools—Format—Text Effects—Transform

Insert—Picture1. From File2. Clip Art—Organize Clips—Office Collections

Clip Art = .wmf

Picture / Drawing Tools—Group1. Group 2. Ungroup 3. Regroup

Office Button—Excel Options—Popular

Hyperlink: to create link between files, sheets or cells.Insert—Hyperlink—Bookmark) (For sheets and cells)Insert—Hyperlink—Browse for File

Macro: is a set of commands, used to record needed data. By using macros we create ourcommands. It is a part of programming.

VBA = Visual Basic for Applications:

Steps:o Start recordingo Work

o Stop recording o Run / Play

View—Macros—Record MacroUse Relative ReferenceView—Macros—Stop RecordingRun:

1. Shortcut key2. View—Macros—View Macros

3. Custom Button4. Any picture or object

For Custom Button:Office Button—Excel Options—Customize—MacrosOrQuick Access Toolbar—More Commands—Customize—Macros

1. Add 2. Modify 3. Display Name

View—Macros—View Macros

Delete Options (Shortcut key) Edit (Coding)

X + y


MS PowerPoint:Power Point whenever we want to show our presentation slide by slide with animation andsound effects, we use Power Point.

There are two types of presentation,1. Informative 2. Graphical (2D movies

Layout (shows different types of slide themes)Design—Background Styles

There are 3 different views in Power Point

1. Normal 2. Slide Show 3. Slide Sorter

View—Slide Show (F5)Slide Show—From Beginning / From Current SlideAnimations—Custom Animation (For object effects and timings)

Home—New Slide (Ctrl + M)View—Slide Sorter (shows all slides on one screen with preview)Animations—Slide Transition (For slide effects and slide timings)

Slide Show—Set Up Slide Show—Loop continuously until ‘Esc’ (From __ to __)Insert—Shapes—Action Button Insert—Photo AlbumInsert—Movies / Sounds

1. Movie from Clip Organizer2. Movie from File

Home—New Slide—Duplicate Slide (Ctrl + Shift + D)Slide Show—Hide Slide Slide Show—Custom Slide Show

Office Button—New—Installed TemplatesDesign—ThemesOffice Button—Save / Save As—Power Point Show (ppsx)

Sound files = .wavMovie = .avi

MS Access:MS Access is a database program which consists of fields and records. In this program wecreate data tables, queries, data entry forms, switchboards, and different data reports.

Database: collection of organized data or collection of objects (files).RDBMS = Relational Database Management System.Table: is a basic object of any database, used for input purpose only.


Text (Characters, 255)Memo (Characters, 65535)Yes / No (Marital Status)Lookup Wizard (List Box)OLE Object (Pictures)

OLE = Object Linking Embedded

Primary Key: used for unique records, indexing or Relationships.Home—Primary Key

Queries: to view or analyze our data in different ways. Filtered and sorted sub-tables of ourmain data table.

Create—Query DesignField List Box (shows fields of added Tables)

["Enter first dept"] Or ["Enter second dept"]>=["Enter greater than"] And <=["Enter less than"]Like ["Enter first letter"] & "*"

Introduction to Internet:

1. Vast collection of computer networks and individualcomputers from all over the world.

2. These internets may connect3. tens, hundreds, or thousands of computers,4. Enabling them to share information with each and to

share various resources.

Internet History:Internet formed by ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) for the US Military in 1960s.

What is Web Browser?It is a program that enables a computer to locate, download, and display documents containingtext, sound, video, graphics, animation, and photographs located on computer networks.

“Default web browser of Microsoft Windows is Internet Explorer”

What is WWW?WWW is a collection of websites related to variety of topics. Every site has a main page, calledhome page, through which we explore the whole site.

“WWW stands for World Wide Web”


What is HTML?It stands for ‘Hypertext Markup Language’. It is a script used to create web pages.

What is a Web Page?A Web Page is a page or a collection of pages designed using HTML.

What is IRC?Internet Relay Chat (IRC) provides us the facility to chat on the Internet with others residinganywhere in the world where internet service is available.

What is E-Mail?It is an abbreviation of the term Electronic Mail. E-mail is a method of transmitting data fromone computer to another.

Introduction to Visual Basics:Visual Basic is not just a language but it is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). Inthis environment we create, run, test and debug our applications. Visual Basic is an event drivenprogramming.

There are 3 working steps in VB, Designing Property settings Coding

There are 2 types of property,1. Design time 2. Run time

There are 2 interfacing environment in VB,1. SDI (Single Document Interface)2. MDI (Multiple Document Interface)

Tools—Options—Advanced—SDI Development EnvironmentForm: is a basic object of VB, it is an objects container. (.frm)Project: collection of forms. (.vbp)

Tool Box Properties Window Project Explorer

Properties Window = F4Start a program = F5Stop a program = Alt + F4Exit from VB = Alt + QProject Explorer = Ctrl + R


Form (Properties):

1. Name (for coding purpose)2. Back Color3. Border Style4. Caption5. Control Box6. Enabled7. Height8. Icon (Program Files—VisualStudio—Common—Graphics—Icons)

9. Left10. Max Button11. Min Button12. Moveable13. Show in Taskbar14. Startup Position15. Top16. Visible17. Width18. Window State

Label: (for headings, for output purpose only)1. Alignment2. Appearance3. Auto Size4. Back Color5. Back Style6. Border Style

7. Font8. Fore Color (Font color)9. Mouse Icon10. Mouse Pointer (Custom)11. Tool Tip Text

Text Box: (for input purpose)

1. Enabled2. Locked3. Max Length4. Multi Line5. Password Char

6. Scrollbars7. Tab Index8. Tab Stop9. Text

Command Button: (to apply define commands)

1. Back Color2. Picture

3. Style (Graphical)

Code Window: (where we type our coding)

1. Objects (controls, tools) 2. Procedures (events, actions

IF Statement:

o IF <condition> Then <Statement>

o IF <condition> Then <statement> End IF

o IF <condition> Then <statement> Else <statement> End IF


Project—Add Form:

Project—Project1 Properties—Startup Object

VScrollbarHScrollbar

1. Max (255)2. Min (0)

3. Large Change (10)4. Small Change (5)5. Value

Timer:1. Interval1000 = 1 second

View—Immediate Window (Ctrl + G)ASCII= American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Shape:

1. Back Color2. Back Style3. Border Color4. Border Style

5. Border Width6. Fill Color7. Fill Style8. Shape

Check Box:

1. Picture 2. Style 3. Value

Option Button: (Radio Button)

1. Value

Frame (objects container)

Combo Box (list container):

1. List2. Locked

3. Sorted4. Style

List Box (list container):

1. List2. Multi Select

3. Sorted4. Style

Picture Box:Image:

1. Border Style2. Stretch


Drive List BoxDir List Box (Folder List Box)

File List Box1. Pattern

Looping structures:

1. For – Next2. While – Wend3. Do While – Loop

Array: collection of values in a single variable.

Dim or Private (for one form)Public (for all forms)Module (for all projects)

www.vbcode.comwww.vbexplorer.com

Project—Components (Ctrl + T)

MS ADO Data Control 6.0

1. Connection String—Build—Provider—Connection (Database name)

MS Jet 4.0 (Access 2000, XP)MS Office 12.0 (Access 2007)

2. Record Source—Command Type—Cmd Table

Text Box

1. Data Source2. Data Field

MS Data Grid Control 6.0

1. Data Source

Project—Add Data EnvironmentProject—Add Data Report

1. Data Source2. Data Member

MS Common Dialogue Control 6.0MS Rich Text Box Control 6.0

Tools—Menu Editor (Ctrl + E)

ConditionalLoops


MS Windows Common Controls 6.0

1. Image List 2. Toolbar

File—Make NotePad.exe

Start—Programs—Visual Basic 6.0—Visual Basic Tools—Package & Deployment Wizard

1. Browse 2. Package 3. Compile

Microsoft®

Excel 2007Quick Reference CardThe Excel 2007 Screen Keyboard Shortcuts

The FundamentalsÌ± Ý®»¿¬» ¿ Ò»© É±®µ¾±±µæ Click theÑºº·½» Þ«¬¬±², select Ò»© , and clickÝ®»¿¬», or press äÝ¬®´â + äÒâ.Ì± Ñ°»² ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click the Ñºº·½»Þ«¬¬±² and select Ñ°»², or press äÝ¬®´â +äÑâ.

Ì± Í¿ª» ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click the Í¿ª»¾«¬¬±² on the Quick Access Toolbar, orpress äÝ¬®´â + äÍâ.Ì± Í¿ª» ¿ É±®µ¾±±µ ©·¬¸ ¿ Ü·ºº»®»²¬Ò¿³»æ Click the Ñºº·½» Þ«¬¬±², selectÍ¿ª» ß, and enter a new name for thepresentation.Ì± Ð®»ª·»© ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click the Ñºº·½»Þ«¬¬±², point to Ð®·²¬, and select Ð®·²¬Ð®»ª·»©.Ì± Ð®·²¬ ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click the Ñºº·½»Þ«¬¬±² and select Ð®·²¬, or press äÝ¬®´â +äÐâ.Ì± Ï«·½µ Ð®·²¬æ Click the Ñºº·½» Þ«¬¬±²,point to Ð®·²¬, and select Ï«·½µ Ð®·²¬.Ì± Ë²¼±æ Click the Ë²¼± button onthe Quick Access Toolbar or press äÝ¬®´â +äÆâ.

Ì± Ý´±» ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click theÝ´±» button or press äÝ¬®´â + äÉâ.Ì± Ù»¬ Ø»´°æ Press äÚïâ to open the Helpwindow. Type your question and pressäÛ²¬»®â.Ì± Û¨·¬ Û¨½»´æ Click the Ñºº·½» Þ«¬¬±²and click Û¨·¬ Û¨½»´.

GeneralOpen a Workbook <Ctrl> + <O>

Create New <Ctrl> + <N>

Save a Workbook <Ctrl> + <S>

Print a Workbook <Ctrl> + <P>

Close a Workbook <Ctrl> + <W>

Help <F1>

Run Spelling Check <F7>

Navigation:Move Between Cells < >, < >,

< >, < >

Go One Cell to <Tab>the Right

Go One Cell to <Shift> +the Left <Tab>

Down One Cell <Enter>

Up One Cell <Shift> +<Enter>

Up One Screen <Page Up>

Down One Screen <Page Down>

To Cell A1 <Ctrl> +<Home>

To Last Cell with Data <Ctrl> + <End>

Open Go To <F5>Dialog Box

EditingCut <Ctrl> + <X>

Copy <Ctrl> + <C>

Paste <Ctrl> + <V>

Undo <Ctrl> + <Z>

Redo <Ctrl> + <Y>

Find <Ctrl> + <F>

Replace <Ctrl> + <H>

Select All <Ctrl> + <A>

FormattingBold <Ctrl> + <B>

Italics <Ctrl> + <I>

Underline <Ctrl> + <U>

Open Format Cells <Ctrl> + <Shift>Dialog Box + <F>

Office Button

The Ñºº·½» Þ«¬¬±², located in the upper left-hand corner ofthe program window, replaces the File menu found inprevious versions of Microsoft Excel. The Office Button menucontains basic file management commands, including New,Open, Save, Print and Close.

Office Button Quick Access Toolbar Title bar

Scrollbars

Zoom slider

Ribbon

View buttons

Close button

Namebox

Worksheet tabs

Formula Bar

Columns

Rows

Active cell(currently in cell A1)

Status bar

Editing

Ì± Û¼·¬ ¿ Ý»´´� Ý±²¬»²¬æ Select the cell, click the Formula Bar, edit the cellcontents, and press äÛ²¬»®â when you’re finished.

Ì± Ý´»¿® ¿ Ý»´´ � Ý±²¬»²¬æ Select the cell(s) and press the äÜ»´»¬»â key.

Ì± Ý«¬ ±® Ý±°§ Ü¿¬¿æ Select cell(s) and click the Ý«¬ or Ý±°§ buttonin the Clipboard group on the Home tab.

Ì± Ð¿¬» Ü¿¬¿æ Select the destination cell(s) and click the Ð¿¬» button inthe Clipboard group on the Home tab.

Ì± Ý±°§ Ë·²¹ ß«¬± Ú·´´æ Point to the fill handle at the bottom-right corner ofthe selected cell(s), then drag to the destination cell(s).

Ì± Ó±ª» ±® Ý±°§ Ý»´´ Ë·²¹ Ü®¿¹ ¿²¼ Ü®±°æ Select the cell(s) you want tomove or copy, position the pointer over any border of the selected cell(s), thendrag to the destination cells. To copy, old down äÝ¬®´â key while dragging.

Ì± Ð¿¬» Í°»½·¿´æ Cut or copy the cell(s), select the destination cell(s), clickthe Ð¿¬» button list arrow in the Clipboard group on the Home tab, and selectÐ¿¬» Í°»½·¿´. Select an option and click ÑÕ.

Ì± ×²»®¬ ¿ Ý±´«³² ±® Î±©æ Right-click the selected row or columnheading(s) to the right of the column or below the row you want to insert andselect ×²»®¬ from the contextual menu.

Ì± Ü»´»¬» ¿ Ý±´«³² ±® Î±©æ Select the row or column heading(s) and eitherright-click them and select Ü»´»¬» from the contextual menu, or click theÜ»´»¬» button in the Cells group on the Home tab.

Ì± ×²»®¬ ¿ Ý±³³»²¬æ Select the cell where you want to insert a commentand click the Î»ª·»© tab on the Ribbon. Click the Ò»© Ý±³³»²¬ button inthe Comments group. Type a comment, then click outside the comment textbox. Point to the cell to view the comment.

FormattingÌ± Ú±®³¿¬ Ì»¨¬æ Use the commands in the Font group on the Home tab, orclick the Ü·¿´±¹ Þ±¨ Ô¿«²½¸»® in the Font group to open the Font dialog box.

Ì± Ú±®³¿¬ Ê¿´«»æ Use the commands in the Number group on the Hometab, or click the Ü·¿´±¹ Þ±¨ Ô¿«²½¸»® in the Number group to open theFormat Cells dialog box.Ì± Ý±°§ Ú±®³¿¬¬·²¹ ©·¬¸ ¬¸» Ú±®³¿¬ Ð¿·²¬»®æ Select the cell(s) with theformatting you want to copy and click the Ú±®³¿¬ Ð¿·²¬»® button in theClipboard group on the Home tab. Then, select the cell(s) you want to applythe copied formatting to.

Ì± Ý¸¿²¹» Ý»´´ ß´·¹²³»²¬æ Select the cell(s) and click the appropriatealignment button ( ß´·¹² Ô»º¬, Ý»²¬»®, ß´·¹² Î·¹¸¬) in theAlignment group on the Home tab.

Ì± ß¼¶«¬ Ý±´«³² É·¼¬¸æ Drag the right border of the column header.Double-click the border to AutoFit the row according to its contents.Ì± ß¼¶«¬ Î±© Ø»·¹¸¬æ Drag the bottom border of the row header. Double-click the border to AutoFit the row according to its contents.Ì± ß¼¼ Ý»´´ Þ±®¼»®æ Select the cell(s), click the Þ±®¼»® button list arrow inthe Font group on the Home tab, and select a border type.Ì± ß¼¼ Ý»´´ Í¸¿¼·²¹æ Select the cell(s), click the Ú·´´ Ý±´±® button list arrowin the Font group on the Home tab, and select a fill color.Ì± ß°°´§ ¿ Ü±½«³»²¬ Ì¸»³»æ Click the Ð¿¹» Ô¿§±«¬ tab on the Ribbon,click the Ì¸»³» button in the Themes group, and select a theme from thegallery.Ì± ×²»®¬ ¿ Ø»¿¼»® ±® Ú±±¬»®æ Click the ×²»®¬ tab on the Ribbon and clickthe Ø»¿¼»® ú Ú±±¬»® button in the Text group. Enter header text.

Formulas and Functions Workbook ManagementÌ± Ì±¬¿´ ¿ Ý»´´ Î¿²¹»æ Click the cell where you want to insert the total andclick the Í«³ button in the Editing group on the Home tab. Verify the selectedcell range and click the Í«³ button again.Ì± Û²¬»® ¿ Ú±®³«´¿æ Select the cell where you want to insert the formula,press äãâ, and enter the formula using values, cell references, operators, andfunctions. Press äÛ²¬»®â when you’re finished.Ì± ×²»®¬ ¿ Ú«²½¬·±²æ Select the cell where you want to enter the functionand click the ×²»®¬ Ú«²½¬·±² button on the Formula Bar.Ì± Î»º»®»²½» ¿ Ý»´´ ·² ¿ Ú±®³«´¿æ Type the cell reference (for example, B5)in the formula or click the cell you want to reference.Ì± Ý®»¿¬» ¿² ß¾±´«¬» Ý»´´ Î»º»®»²½»æ Precede the cell references with a $sign or press äÚìâ after selecting a cell range to make it absolute.

Ì± Ë» Í»ª»®¿´ Ñ°»®¿¬±® ±® Ý»´´ Î¿²¹»æ Enclose the part of a formulayou want to calculate first in parentheses.

ChartsÌ± Ý®»¿¬» ¿ Ý¸¿®¬æ Select the cell range that contains the data you want tochart and click the ×²»®¬ tab on the Ribbon. Click a chart type button in theCharts group and select the chart you want to use from the list.

Ì± ß¼¼ ¿ Ò»© É±®µ¸»»¬æ Click the ×²»®¬ É±®µ¸»»¬ tab next to the sheettabs at the bottom of the program screen.Ì± Ü»´»¬» ¿ É±®µ¸»»¬æ Select the sheet want to delete, click the Ü»´»¬»button in the Cells group on the Home tab, and select Ü»´»¬» Í¸»»¬. Or, right-click the sheet tab and select Ü»´»¬» from the contextual menu.Ì± Î»²¿³» ¿ É±®µ¸»»¬æ Double-click the sheet tab, enter a new name forthe worksheet, and press äÛ²¬»®â.Ì± Í°´·¬ ¿ É·²¼±©æ Drag either the vertical or horizontal split bar (locatednear the scroll bars) onto the worksheet.Ì± Ú®»»¦» Ð¿²»æ Place the cell pointer where you want to freeze thewindow, click the Ê·»© tab on the Ribbon, click the Ú®»»¦» Ð¿²» button inthe Window group, and select an option from the list.Ì± Í»´»½¬ ¿ Ð®·²¬ ß®»¿æ Select the cell range you want to print, click the Ð¿¹»Ô¿§±«¬ tab on the Ribbon, click the Ð®·²¬ ß®»¿ button in the Page Setupgroup, and select Í»¬ Ð®·²¬ ß®»¿ .Ì± ß¼¶«¬ Ð¿¹» Ó¿®¹·²ô Ñ®·»²¬¿¬·±²ô Í·¦»ô ¿²¼ Þ®»¿µæ Click the Ð¿¹»Ô¿§±«¬ tab on the Ribbon and use the commands in the Page Layout group,or click the Ü·¿´±¹ Þ±¨ Ô¿«²½¸»® in the Page Setup group to open the PageSetup dialog box.Ì± Ð®±¬»½¬ ±® Í¸¿®» ¿ É±®µ¾±±µæ Click the Î»ª·»© tab on the Ribbon anduse the commands in the Changes group.

Dialog Box Launcher Group

Tab

Indispensable tips for MS Word:No matter how long you've been using Microsoft Word, you can always learn newtechniques to help you work faster and smarter. Here are some of TechRepublic'sfavorite tips and tricks for Word 97/2000/XP, organized into three sections: The basics,Advanced tips, and Things you don't have to do.

The basicsLearn to use Undo. Make a mistake? Press [Ctrl]Z or choose Undo from the

Edit menu right away. Keep pressing [Ctrl]Z to backtrack through and undo themost recent editing changes you've made.

Save often. Press [Ctrl]S or click the Save button on the Standard toolbar. Saveyour work frequently. You can also instruct Word to automatically save your workperiodically. Open the Tools menu, select Options, click the Save tab, andactivate the Save AutoRecovery Info Every option. You can specify an intervalfrom 1 to 120 minutes.

Quickly move around in a document. To move to the top of a document, press[Ctrl][Home]. To move to the bottom of a document, press [Ctrl][End]. To go tothe top of the next page, press [Ctrl][Page Down]. For the top of the precedingpage, press [Ctrl][Page Up].

Open menus and select commands from the keyboard. Press [Alt] plus theletter that's underlined to open a menu, such as File, Edit, View, and so on. Oncea menu is open, you don't need to press [Alt] to select a command; just press theunderlined letter of the command you want to select. Here are some commonexamples: Quick Print Preview: [Alt]F,V. Quick Save As: [Alt]F,A. Quickly reopenthe first document in the most recently used file list: [Alt]F,1.

Four ways to select a block of text.Use the mouse. Just click and drag the mouse to select text.

Use [Shift] plus the arrow keys. Hold down [Shift] and press an arrow key toselect text in the desired direction. To select a word at a time, press[Ctrl][Shift] and the left or right arrow key.

Use the mouse with the [Shift] key. Move the mouse pointer away from theinsertion point position, hold down [Shift] and click to select all the textbetween the insertion point and the place where you clicked.

Frustrated when you try to select text with the mouse past the bottom of thecurrently visible page and Word leaps past what you want to select? Thoseare the times to use [Shift] plus the down arrow key instead of the mouse.

Select a word. Double-click on it. If a space immediately follows the word youselect, the space gets selected, too. Punctuation is ignored.

Select a sentence. Hold down [Ctrl] and click anywhere in the sentence.Select a paragraph. Triple-click within the paragraph or move the mouse just

past the left margin of the paragraph. When the pointer changes to a right-pointing arrow, double-click to select the whole paragraph.

Select a table. Select a table by holding down [Alt] and double-clicking anywherein the table.

Select all the text between the insertion point and… To select all the textbetween the insertion point and the end of the current line, press [Shift][End]. Toselect the text from the insertion point through the end of the current paragraph,press [Ctrl][Shift] and the down arrow. To select the text from the insertion pointto the end of the document, press [Ctrl][Shift][End].

Select an entire document. Press [Ctrl]A. This is handy when you need tochange the font or add or remove formatting. Once you've selected the entiredocument, apply the formatting to everything and either leave it applied or applyit again to remove it. For example, suppose some text in your document isunderlined and you want nothing underlined. To avoid spending time visitingeach underlined section of text and un-underlining it, select the whole documentwith [Ctrl]A. Press [Ctrl]U to apply underlining to the entire document and thenpress [Ctrl]U again to remove the underlining. Be careful when you use [Ctrl]A. Ifyou accidentally press [Delete] or type a keystroke and erase everything, don'tpanic. Just press [Ctrl]Z or choose Undo from the Edit menu.

Grow font, shrink font. Here are three quick ways to change the size ofselected text: Choose Font from the Format menu and specify the desired pointsize. Click the Font Size button on the Formatting toolbar and select an entryfrom the drop-down list. Or use the Grow Font and Shrink Font shortcuts, whichare [Ctrl] plus the close- and open- square bracket characters, respectively.

Rename an existing document. Use Save As. When you need to use anexisting document as the basis for a new one, don't overwrite the old document.As soon as you open it, press [Alt]F and then press A. (Or open the File menuand choose Save As.) Then immediately type a new name or change some partof the old one.

Print envelopes. Want to address your envelopes in the printer? Type anaddress in a blank document or in a letter. Open the Tools menu and selectEnvelopes And Labels. (Word XP users choose Letters And Mailings and thenselect Envelopes And Labels.) In the Envelopes tab, enter the return address ifyou want one, and click Print.

Expand your vocabulary. Word has a built-in thesaurus. Press [Shift][F7] oropen the Tools menu, select Language, and then choose Thesaurus. Word willdisplay a list of synonyms for the word you've selected or the word closest to theinsertion point marker.

Make friends with the right mouse button. Don't be afraid to right-click on ablock of text or a table cell. The shortcut menu offers immediate access to somehandy formatting options.

Paste plain text. When you copy and paste text from a Web page or anotherdocument, the text brings its formatting into your document. To get around thatbehavior, copy the text and place the insertion point marker where you want toinsert the copy. Then, open the Edit menu, choose Paste Special, and select theUnformatted Text option.

Advanced tipsInstant AutoCorrect. Right-click on a word that's flagged as misspelled to

display the Edit shortcut menu. If Word has a suggested alternative, AutoCorrectwill appear on the menu. Choose AutoCorrect and then select the correct versionof the word from the submenu to create an AutoCorrect entry.

Effortless AutoText. Save time by inserting AutoText automatically. Type anentry name and press [F3]. Or take advantage of Word's AutoComplete feature.Just open the Tools menu, select AutoCorrect, click the AutoText tab, and turnon the Show AutoComplete Tip For AutoText And Dates option. With this featureactive, Word will show a ScreenTip after you begin typing an AutoText item. Justpress [Enter] and Word will insert the item for you. (This feature works the sameway with dates and days of the week.)

Marker display. Work with paragraph markers and tab marks displayed. Simplyclick the Show/Hide ¶ button on the Standard toolbar. Displaying those normallyhidden characters helps you avoid inadvertently deleting objects or changingformatting; it also helps you figure out funky alignment and extra white spaceproblems.

Use AutoCorrect as a text expander. You don't have to keep typing those longwords or phrases you have trouble with. Come up with a three- or four-letterabbreviation for it and add it to AutoCorrect. For example, say you often need totype Indianapolis. Press [Alt]T (to open the Tools menu) and press A to selectAutoCorrect. Type indy, press [Tab], type Indianapolis, and press [Enter] twice.Now, any time you type indy followed by a space or any punctuation, Word willautomatically "correct" that spelling and replace it with Indianapolis. You cansave up to 255 characters in an AutoCorrect entry. (If you need more charactersor you want to include pictures along with text, use AutoText instead.)

Clear a table. If you need to delete the contents of all the cells in a table, justselect the table and press [Delete] (not [Backspace]).

Display built-in styles. When you create a document, Word starts you out witha handful of basic styles. If you need to apply a more specialized style, holddown [Shift] and click on the arrow beside the Style box on the Formattingtoolbar. Word will expand the Style list to include all its built-in styles. Just selectthe one you need and Word will apply that style and add it to your document.

Quick table column total. Performing addition in a Word table is simple. Click inan empty cell at the bottom of a column of numbers. Open the Table menu,select Formula, and press [Enter] to accept the default Sum function.

Styles as you go. Define styles on the fly: Format a paragraph the way youwant, type a name in the Style box on the Formatting toolbar, and press [Enter].

Quick field toggle. Press [Alt][F9] to quickly toggle field code display on and off.Add a border to a page. To add a border to page, open the Format menu,

select the Borders And Shading command, and click the Page Border tab.

Faster Go To. Double-click the left end of the status bar to bring up the Go Totab so you can jump to an item in your document such as bookmark, a specificpage, a table, a section, and so on.

M.EHSAN

Highlight

Splitsville. See two parts of a document at the same time by choosing Split fromthe Window menu and clicking to place the split bar where you want to divide thedocument window. Separate vertical scroll bars allow you to bring differentportions of text into view—and you can set different view preferences for eachpane (such as normal view in the top pane and outline view in the bottom). Torestore the panes to a single window, just double-click the split bar or drag itbeyond the top or bottom of the window.

Selective word count. Need to know how many words, characters, paragraphs,or lines appear in a portion of a document? Just select the text you want to runthe count on prior to choosing Word Count from the Tools menu.

Trim ragged text by turning on hyphenation. When text contains many longwords and your left and right margins are close to one another, your right margincan look ragged. To help smooth out that edge, choose Language from the Toolsmenu, select Hyphenation, click in the Automatically Hyphenate Document checkbox, and click OK.

Copy formatting to more than one block of text. To copy the formatting fromthe current word or paragraph, click the Format Painter button on the Standardtoolbar and then select the word or block of text to which you want to apply thatformatting. To copy the same formatting to more than one block of text, double-click on the Format Painter button. Then you can apply the formatting to severalblocks of text. To turn off the Format Painter, just click the button again or press[Esc].

Jump quickly between documents. If you work with a lot of open, overlappingdocuments, here's a quick way to cycle between them: Press [Ctrl][F6] to jumpfrom one to the next; [Ctrl][Shift][F6] will jump you backward.

Insert and format symbols. For instant access to thousands of special symbols,like foreign characters and wild and crazy icons, open the Insert menu, chooseSymbol, and look through the selections available with different fonts andsubsets of fonts. After you insert a special character or symbol, you can thenselect it and use [Grow Font] and [Shrink Font] on it.

Create a desktop shortcut to a document. To create a document shortcut, firsthighlight some text to serve as a target in the document and click the Copybutton. Next, minimize the Word window or drag it out of the way so you can seethe Windows desktop. Then, hold down [Ctrl], right-click on the desktop, andchoose Paste Shortcut. You'll probably want to change the shortcut name tosomething more meaningful. To do this, click on the shortcut to select it and thenpress [F2] to activate the label for editing. Type the desired name and press[Enter]. Close your document, clicking Yes to save your changes. You can evenexit Word, if you want. Then, simply double-click on the desktop shortcut. Wordwill open the associated document, navigate to your target text, and select it.

Things you don't have to doWorry. You don't have to worry about doing something wrong. Just get familiar

with the program and experiment with Word features. If something looks wrongor funny, that's when you use the Undo feature. Press or type the wrong thing, try[Ctrl]Z to undo whatever you did. Always remember you can press [Ctrl]Z orchoose Undo from the Edit menu to undo changes one at a time. Aside fromdeleting or failing to save a file, there's almost nothing you can do that isn'treversible.

M.EHSAN

Highlight

M.EHSAN

Highlight

M.EHSAN

Highlight

Move your hands from the keyboard. You don't have to use the mouse to dothings like open menus, select or format text, or move the insertion point marker.You may find you work more efficiently if you're not always moving your handfrom the keyboard to the mouse. Press [Home] to move to the beginning of thecurrent line and press [End] to move to the end of the current line. Press [Ctrl]and the left or right arrow to move one word in either direction. Hold down [Shift]while pressing those keys to select the text between the insertion point markerand the beginning or the end of the line, respectively.

Select an entire paragraph to change formatting or style. You don't have toselect the entire paragraph to change the paragraph's formatting or style. Justclick anywhere in the paragraph and choose the desired format or style. A goodexample is justification. Just click anywhere in the paragraph and then click theAlign Left, Align Right, or Justify button on the Standard toolbar.

Work with only one document at a time. You don't have to close one Worddocument before you open another. Open as many at a time as you want to. Usethe [Ctrl][F6] keyboard shortcut or the Windows menu to move quickly betweenopen documents.

Risk missing something you're looking for. You don't have to visually scanand manually scroll through a document looking for a word or phrase. Use [Ctrl]Fto open the Find tab and let Word locate the text for you.

Waste time during spelling check. You don't have to repeatedly click Ignore orIgnore All every time the spell-checker stops on a proper noun or a term that'scommonly used in your documents. Click Add (Add To Dictionary in Word XP) soyou don't waste time checking the same words over and over.

Delete old text you're replacing. You don't have to delete text you want toreplace with new text. Select the old text and start typing the new. The firstkeystroke replaces the old selected text. Don't waste time pressing [Delete] first.

Press [Backspace] over and over. You don't have to press [Backspace] adozen times to delete a word or phrase. If you type something and then changeyour mind, pressing [Ctrl][Backspace] to delete a word at a time is much faster.Only one thing is more wasteful: using the mouse to click on the beginning of aword or phrase and then pressing [Delete] repeatedly. (You can use [Ctrl][Delete]to quickly remove words in that situation.) If you get overzealous with[Ctrl][Backspace] or [Ctrl][Delete] and remove one word too many, press [Ctrl]Zto bring it right back.

Credits

These tips are compiled by M.Ehsan

M.EHSAN

Highlight

Topic:Things you shouldKNOW About Excel???

MicrosoftExcel2007

Prepared By:Muhammad Ehsan

Excel Growth

Exc

el

Gro

wth

2

Launched Year Version Product Name

1987 Excel 2.0 MS Office




1995 Excel 7.0 MS Office 2005



2001 Excel 10.0 MS Office XP




Things youshould know

General Worksheet Working 4

Worksheet Size

1,048,576 Rows16,384 Columns

5

Max Column width

255 characters

6

Characters in aHeader or FooterMax 255 characters

7

Panes in a Window

4 Windows MaxWhen you split thewindow

8

Max Zoom Range

10 percent to 400 percent

9

Undo Levels

100 Levels

10

Filter drop-down Lists

10,000 Rows

11

32 Fields

Fields ina Data Form

12

Selected Ranges

2,048 Cells Max

13

Maximum NumberPrecision15

14

Nested Levelsof Functions64 Levels

15

Smallest AllowedNegative Number-2.2251E-308

Smallest AllowedPositive Number2.2251E-308

16

17

Largest AllowedPositive Number9.99999999999999E+307

Largest AllowedNegative Number-9.99999999999999E+307

18

Largest Allowed Positive NumberVia Formula

1.7976931348623158e+308

Largest Allowed Negative NumberVia Formula

-1.7976931348623158e+308 19

Cross-WorksheetDependency64,000 worksheetsthat can refer toother sheets

Worksheet

20

Dependency ona Single Cell

4 billion formulasthat can depend ona single cell

21

32,767 Cells

22

Earliest Date Allowedfor CalculationJanuary 1, 1900 (January 1, 1904, if1904 date system is used)

Latest Date Allowedfor CalculationDecember 31, 9999

23

Largest Amount of Timethat can be Entered

9999:59:59

24

Worksheets Referredto by a Chart

255

25

Data Series Allowed inOne Chart

255

26

Length of Formula Contents

8,192 characters

27

Arguments in a Function

25528

Users Who can Open andShare a Shared Workbook

at the Same Time

256

29

Things youshould know

Excel Version

30