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Page 241Aa (o, oo) adv aye, ever, always f law

ds [Ger Ehe]

abbod m abbotgs abbodes[Lat abbatem]

abbudisse f abbessgs abbudissan[Lat abbetissa]

a-beodan (principal parts: pret sg: -bead pret pl:-budon pp: -boden ) 2 enjoin, announcea-beran (principal parts: pret sg: -br pret pl:-bron pp: -boren ) 4 bear, endurea-bdan (principal parts: pret sg: -bad pret pl: -bidon pp: -biden ) 1 abide, remaina-bisgian (-bysgian) WII engage, occupy

pp abisgod, -ad[bysig]

a-bisgung f occupationablenden WI make blind, darken

pp ablendpl ablende[Ger blenden]

a-blinnan (principal parts: pret sg: -blann pret pl:-blunnon pp: -blunnen ) 3 cease

3 sg ablinD[

a-drfan (principal parts: pret sg: -draf pret pl:-drifon pp: -drifen ) 1 drive away

3 sg adrfDpp pl adrifene

a-dwscan WI quench, extinguishpret 3 sg adwscte

a-dydan WI put to deathpret 3 sg adydd[dead]

a-dylegian see: a-dlegiana-ebbian WII ebb away, recede

pp ahebbadafandian WII make trial of, experience

pp sg afandodea-faran (principal parts: pret sg: -for pret pl: -foron pp: -faren ) 6 go, marcha-fran WI make afraid, terrify

pp afred-fstnes f piety

ds festnissea-feallan (principal parts: pret sg: -feoll pret pl:-feollon pp: -feallen ) R fall

ptc afeallende3 sg afielDopt 3 sg afealle

a-fedan WI feed, sustain3 sg afedeDpret 3 sg afedde

fen n eveningds fenne

fen-giefl n evening repast, supperfest (fst) f n disfavor, envy, malice [f-est,OHG abunst]-fest see: w-fst-festnes see: -fstnesPage 243a-fleon (principal parts: pret sg: -fleah pret pl: -flugon pp: -flogen ) 2fly (intr)fly from (trans)3 sg aflyhD

a-flgan WI put to flightpret 2 pl aflgdonpp pl aflgdonpp pl aflgde[fleon]

a-flyman WI cause to flee, drive outpret 3 sg aflymde[fleam]

a-forhtian WII frighten

pp pl aforhtodefre adv everftan adv from behind, behindfter prep (w dat)after (time and place)fter Dissum after this (adv)fter Dm thereafter (adv)along (place)according toadv afterwards

fter-fyligan WIII follow afterptc pl -fyligende (w dat)ds -fylgende, successoropt 3 sg -fylige (intr)

fter-genga m successornp -gengan

a-fyllan WI fill: infpp afylled[full]

a-fyllan WI cause to fall, destroy [feallan]a-fyrhtan WI frighten

pp (adj) pl afyrhtea-fyrran WI remove, take away

3 sg afyrD, afyrreopt 3 sg afyrrepp afyrred[feorr]

a-fysan WIhasten forth (intr)incite to go (trans)pp afysed[fus]

g n eggds ge

agan PP possessger agenne1 sg ah3 sgopt 3 sg agepret 3 sg ahte[Mod own]

a-gan -eode -gan gopp pl agane

agen see: ongeanagen (pp) adj own

ds agnumas agen, agennegp agenra[agan]

2

a-geotan (principal parts: pret sg: -geat pret pl:-guton pp: -goten ) 2 pour, shed

ptc ageotende[Ger giessen]

a-getan WI injure, kill: pp ageteda-gifan (-giefan -gyfan) (principal parts: pret sg:-geaf pret pl: -geafon pp: -gifen ) 5 give, relinquish,return

pret 3 sg agefpret opt 3 pl ageafen

g-hwa pron each, everygs ghws, adv, in every respect, entirely

g-hwr adv everywhereg-hwDer (gDer, aDer)pron, each (one of two or more)ns gDergs gDresds gDrumas gerneconjg-hwer ge ... ge both ... andgDer ge ... ge both ... andaDer oDDe oDDe either ... or

Page 244g-hwilc pron eachg-hwonan adv from all sides, on all sidesaglca (glca) m monster, fiend

np aglcan[Goth aglaiti]

agnian WII possess, assume as ones own3 pl agniaD[agen]

gDer see: g-hwDera-gyldan (-gieldan) (principal parts: pret sg: -geald pret pl: -guldon pp: -golden ) 3repay, requitepunish

a-gyltan WI offend, sinopt 3 pl agyltenpret 1 pl agyltonpp agylt

ah (ac) conj buta-hebbad see: a-ebbiana-hebban (principal parts: pret sg: -hof pret pl:-hofon pp: -hafen ) 6 heave, life, raise, exalt

2 pl ahebbeimp 2 pl ahebbaDopt 3 pl ahebban

a-hon (principal parts: pret sg: -heng pret pl: -hengon pp: -hangen ) R hang (trans)

imp 2 sg ahohpret 2 sg ahenge

a-hreddan WI save, deliver, rescueger ahredenne1 sg ahreddeopt 3 sg ahreddepret 3 sg ahredde3 pl -don

a-hreosan (principal parts: pret sg: -hreas pret pl:-hruron pp: -hroren ) 2 fall

opt 3 sg ahreoseahsian see: acsianht f possession, property

ap hta[agan]

ht-ge-streon n possession, richesa-hydan WI hide

pp ahydeda-dligan WI profanea-ldan WIlead, conduct3 sg aldeD; altimp 2 sg aldpp alddnp alddeproceed, growpret opt 3 sg alde

lan WI trans and intrans kindle, burn3 sg leDpp led

lc pron subst and adj each, anygs lcesds lcum; lcon; lcereas lcis lce

lde (ielde, ylde) m pl mengp lda[eald]

aldor see: ealdoraldor-monn (ealdor-) m chief, magistrate

gs -monnesnp -men

a-lecgan WI lay down, allay, overcome, refute3 pl alecgaDpret 3 sg alede3 pl aledonpp aled[licgan]

Page 245led m fire

3

a-lefan see: a-lyfana-leogan (principal parts: pret sg: -leah pret pl:-lugon pp: -logen ) 2 lie, deny (w dat of pers andacc of thing)

3 sg alhDl-fremed see: el-fremedl-gylden adj of pure gold

ap -gyldeneall see: ealllmes-georn adj liberal of alms, charitable

np -geornelmesse f alms

ds almyssanas lmessan[(Gr) Lat eleemosyna]

l-mihtig adj almightyns [???] lmehtigags lmehtigands lmihtegum

l-eodig see: el-eodigl-eodisc see: el-eodisca-lybban WIII livealyfan (-lefan) WI allow, permit, grant (w dat ofpers and acc of thing)

pp alyfed, alefeda-lysan WI loosen, release, ransom

pret 3 sg alysde, alesdepp pl alysede

amang see: on-ge-mongambor m measure

gp ambra[Ger Eimer]

ambyre adj favorableas ambyrne[

and-wyrdan WI answerpret 1 sg andwyrde

an-faldnes adj unity, simplicitygs -nesse

an-feald adj one-fold, single, unmixed, superiords an-fealdan

an-fealdlche adv in the singular numberan-for-ltan (principal parts: pret sg: -let pretpl: -leton pp: -lten ) R leave, abandon

1 pl -apret opt 3 sg anforlete

Angel n Anglen (Denmark)ds Angle

Angel-cynne (Ongel) n Angle kin, English peo-ple, England

ds -cynneas -cynn, -cyn, Ongelcyn

an-ge-weald (=an-weald) power, dominionan-ginn see: on-ginnAngle m pl the Angles, Anglicans, Englishan-grslc adj grisly, hideous, horriblean-grysenlce (-grsenlce) adv hideouslyan-haga (-hoga) m solitary, recluse, wanderer

as anhagananhangen see: on-honanig adj onlynig pron adj any

ds negumas nig, nigne

an-lc see: on-lcn-lc adj unique, peerless, excellentan-lcnes see: on-lcnesan-lpig (n-lpig an-lepe) adj single, individual

as an-lepnenp lpige

an-medla (on-) m arrogancenp -medlan[mod]

an-modlce adv unanimouslyan-modnes f unanimity

as -nessean-nis f unity

as -nyssean-rd (on-) adj resolutePage 247an-rdnis f constancy

ds -nyssean-settan WI put upon, imposean-streces (gen) adv continuouslyan-sund see: on-sund

an-sundnis see: on-sundnisan-syn see: on-senAnte-cryst m Antichrist

gs -crystedan-Drce see: on-Drcean-weald see: on-wealdapostol m apostle

gs apostolesds apostoleas apostolnp apostolgp apostolaap apostolas

apostolc adj apostolicds -lcanas -lce

ppel m applegs plesas ppel

pplianWII make into the form of apples, embosspp sg pplede

Apulder m Appledoreds Apuldre

ar mhonor, favor, mercygs areproperty, possessionsas are[Ger Ehre]

ar m messengergs ares[Goth airus]

ar f oargp ara

r comp adj former, precedingap rransupl ns reste

rcomp adv earlier, formerly, beforecomp rorsupl restconj ere, before that (usually followed by the opt)3 prep (w dat) before (time)

a-rd adj inexorablea-rdan WI reada-rfnan (-refnan) WI perform, endure

imp 2 sg arfn, arefnapret 1 sg arfnede

a-rfnian WII endure1 sg arfnie

5

a-rman WI arisepret 3 sg armde

a-rran WI raise, erect, buildptc arrende2 sg arrstopt 3 sg arrepret 3 sg arrde3 pl -don[rsan]

rce-bisceop (arce-) m archbishopds -biscepe

r-dg m former daya-reccean WI expound, translate, recount

inf areccana-redian WII arrange

3 sg aredaDren adj made of brass, brazen

as rneap renan[ar, Goth ais]

rende n errand, messagerend-fst adj bound on an errandrend-ge-writ n message, letter

as arend-Page 248rend-raca (-wreca) m messenger

ds -racandp -wrecum

ar-fst honorable, virtuous, mercifulns -fsta

ar-fastnis f virtueds -nisse

ar-hwt adj eager for glorynp -hwate

arian WIIhonor, show favor3 sg araDdesist, ceaseimp 2 sg ara

a-rsan (principal parts: pret sg: -ras pret pl: -rison pp: -risen ) 1 arise

3 sg arseimp 2 sg ars2 pl arsaDopt 2 sg arse2 pl arson

rst m f n resurrectiongs rstesas rste

ar-leas adj dishonorable, wicked

ds -leasrenp -leasan

arn see: yrnanrnan WI cause to run; ride, gallop

3 pl rnaDpret 3 pl rndon[yrnan]

rne-merigen m early morningarodlce adv quickly, vigourouslyr-wacol adj early awakear-wurD (-weorD) worthy of honor, venerable

as awurDnear-wurDian (-weorDian) WII honor

pret 3 sg arwurDnear-wurDlce adv honorable, reverentiallyar-wurDnis f reverence, honor

ds -nysses n food, prey, carrion

gs ses[Ger Aas]

a-sawan R sowpp asawen

sc mash, speargp ascaboat, ship (of Danish ships)ap scas

asce (axe) f ashesa-sceacan (principal parts: pret sg: -scoc,-sceocpret pl: -scocon,-sceocon pp: -sceacen ) 6 shake

ptc asceacende3 sg ascceDpret 3 sg asceoc

sc-here m (ash-) spear-army, ship-armysc-holt n spear-shaftascian see: acsiana-scnan (principal parts: pret sg: -scan pret pl:-scinon pp: -scinen ) 1 shinea-scufan (principal parts: pret sg: -sceaf pret pl:-scufon pp: -scofen ) 2 shove, pusha-scyran WI make clear, transparent

pp ascyred[scr]

a-secgan WIII say, relatepret 3 pl asdon

a-sendan WI sendpret 2 sg asendest3 sg asendepp asend

a-settan WI set, place, transport oneself, go

6

opt 3 sg asettepret 3 pl asettanpp asett[sittan]

Page 249a-singan 3 sing

pret 3 sg asonga-sittan (principal parts: pret sg: -st pret pl: -ston pp: -seten ) 5 sit fast, ground (of ships)a-slean 6 strike, cut off

pp aslagena-smian WII forge, work

pp asmioda-spendan WI spend, expend

pret 3 sg aspendepp aspended

-spring n spring of water, fountainds springe

a-springan 3 spring up, spreadpret 3 sg asprang3 pl asprungen

a-standan 6 stand3 pl astanda

stel m book-mark [Lat hastula]a-stellan WI set up, restore, establish

3 sg astelleDpret 3 asg astealde

a-sterian see: a-styriana-stgan (principal parts: pret sg: -stag,-stah pretpl: -stigon pp: -stigen ) 1 ascend, mount (transand intr), spring up, enter or leave a ship, go

3 sg asthDimp 2 sg astg2 pl astgaDpret 3 sg astag, astah

a-stingan 3 piercepret 3 pl astungon

a-streccan WI stretch, extend, prostrateopt 3 sg astreccepret 3 sg astrehtepp astreht

a-styrian (-sterian) WI stir, agitate, move(trans)

3 sg astereDpp pl asterede, astyrode (W II)

a-sundrian WII separate (trans)pp asundradpl asyndrode

a-sundron (-sundran) adv asunder, apart, pri-vately

a-swebban WI put to sleep, quietpp aswefedpl -ede[swefan]

a-syndrode see: a-sundriant pret w datat, in (time, place, circumstance)of, from (w verbs of asking, receiving, taking,

buying)t m fanything to be eaten, foodgs testhe act of eatingds te[etan]

t-bregdan (principal parts: pret sg: -brgd,-brd pret pl: -brugdon,-brudon pp: -brogden,-broden ) 3 take away, deprive, release

pret 3 sg tbrdpp tbrodenpl -brodene

t-eawed see: t-eowiana-tellan WI tell, relate

pret 3 pl atealdona-teon (principal parts: pret sg: -teah pret pl: -tugon pp: -togen ) 2 draw

3 sg atyhDopt 3 sg ateopres opt 3 sg atuge

a-teorian WII become exhausted, failpp ateorod

t-eowian WII appear (intr), show, manifest(trans)

ger teowennepret 1 sg teowde3 sg teowodepp teawedpl teowde, teowode[Goth at-augjan]

Page 250t-foran prep (w dat) beforet-gdere adv togethert-lutian WII lurk out of sight, hide

pret 3 sg -lutode[cf Mod loiter]

a-tredan 5 treadpret 3 sg atrd

t-somne adv togethert-standan 6 stand, remain

pret 3 sg tstod

7

attor (ator) n poisonis atre[Ger Eiter]

attor-bre adj poisonousas -bran

ttren (tren) adj poisonousns tterneap ttrynne

t-wtan (oD) (principal parts: pret sg: -wat pretpl: -witon pp: -witen ) 1 twit, reproach (w dat) [cf.ed-wt]t-ywan (-wan)WI cf. t-eowian appear (intr),show, manifest (trans)

3 sg tyweDimp 2 sg tywpret 3 sg tywde, atwde

aD m oathap aDas[Ger Eid]

Del-boren (pp) adj of noble birthds -borenre

Del-borennis f nobleness of birthas -nysse

Dele adj noble, excellentds Delumas Delanap Delesupl ns Delast[Ger edel]

Dele adv noblyDeling m noble, prince

gs DelingesDellce adv noblyelnes f nobilityelo f nobilityDel-stenc m excellent fragrance

gp -stencaDel-tungol n m noble star

gp -tunglaa-enian WII; S 400 n 2 stretch out

pret 3 sg aende[Ger dehnen]

aDer see: g-hwDera-Dindan (principal parts: pret sg: -Dond pret pl:-Dundon pp: -Dunden ) 3 swell, puff upa-Dstrian WII become dark, obscured

3 pl aDstriaDpp pl aDstrode[Deostru]

Aulfing (= elwulfing) m son of thelwulf

a-wean 6 washpret 3 sg awoh

w see: a-wcnan S 392 n 1 awake (intr)

pret 3 sg awoca-wgan WI annula-weccan WI awake, arouse, incite

opt 3 sg aweccepret 3 sg aweahtepret opt 3 sg awehte3 pl awehtonpp aweaht, awrehtpl awehte

a-wedan WI ragepret 3 sg awedde[wod]

a-weg see: wegPage 251a-wegan 5 carrya-wendan WI turn, direct, change, translate

pret 1 sg awendepp awend

a-weorpan (-wurpan) (principal parts: pret sg:-wearp pret pl: -wurpon pp: -worpen ) 3 cast, over-throw, rejecta-westan WI lay waste, destroy

pp pl awestew-fst (-fst) adj law-observing, pious

ns wfasD, festap festesupl np wfstoste

a-wiht pron aught, anythingwisc-mod adj ashamed, abashed

np -mode[Goth aiwiski]

a-woc see: a-wcnana-wreht see: a-weccana-wrtan (principal parts: pret sg: -wrat pret pl:-writon pp: -writen ) 1 write, compose

1 sg awrtepp pl awritene

a-wunian WII abide, continuea-wyrdan WI destroy

opt 3 sg awyrdea-wyrgan WI curse

pp pl awyrigedan[wearg]

axian see: asciana-ydlian WII annul

pp pl aydlode

8

[del]Bbc n backas under bc backwardsofer bc backwards

bc-bord n left side of a ship, larboard [Ger Back-bord, Fr babord]bl n fire, funeral pyre

gs blesis bleas bl[ON bal]

bl-fyr n bale-fire, funeral or sacrificial firebl-racu f violence of fire

ds -rcebam see: begenban n bone

ds baneas bannp ban

bana m murdererds banan[Mod bane]

ban-ft n (bone-vessel) bodyap -fatu

br f bieras bre[beran]

Bardan-g f Bardney (Lincolnshire)brnan WI burn (trans)Basingas pl m Basing (Hants)

dp -engumbasu adj purple (crimson)btan WI bridlebD n bath, fontbaian WII bathebe (b, big) prep w dat inst; adv(nearness) by, near, along, onbe easten w dat east ofbe westan w dat west ofbe noran w dat north of(metaph. proximity) by, with, according to, con-

cerningb wrte copybe am by thatby y by thatbe fullan fully, perfectlybe Dam concerning thisb Dys ilcan

Page 252

beacen n beacon (the sun)gs beacnes

beacnian WII typify, indicate, show3 sg beacnaD

beadu f battleds beaduwe[ON boD boDvar]

beadu-crftig adj valiantbeadu-rs m rush of battle, onslaughtbeadu-weorc n work of battle

gp -weorcabe-ftan (bftan) prep adv (w dat) behindbeag (beah) m ring, bracelet, collar, crown

ap beagas[bugan]

beah-gifa (beag-) m ring-giver, lord, kingds -gifan

bealcettan WI belch, send forth, utterpret 3 sg -ette

beald (bald) adj boldns (null) (w gen)

bealdlce (bald-) adv boldlysupl baldlcost

bealo (bealu) n bale, evil, mischiefgs bealwes

bealo-sorg f baleful sorrowas -sorge

beam m treeds beameas beamnp beamasgp beama

Beam-fleot m Benfleet (Essex)ds -fleote

bearn n child, sonap bearn[beran]

bearo m grove, woodds bearweas bearonp bearwasgp bearwa

beatan (principal parts: pret sg: beot pret pl:beoton pp: beaten ) R beat

ptc beatendebe-baDian (bi-) WII bathe

3 sg bibaDaDBebban-burg f Bamborough (Northumbria)

ds byrig

9

be-beodan (principal parts: pret sg: -bead pret pl:-budon pp: -boden ) 2command, bid (w dat)1 sg -bodeoffer, commit, entrustptc bebeodende

be-bod n commandas bebodgp -bodaap -bodu, -boda[beodan]

be-byrgan WI buryger -byrgenne3 sg byrgeDpp -byrged

Page 253be-ceapian WII sellbe-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WI turn (trans)

pp -cieredbe-clyppan (bi-) WI embrace, seize

3 sg biclyppeD[Mod clip]

be-clysan WI inclose, shut in, imprisonpp beclysedpl -clysde[cluse; Lat clausus]

be-cuman 4 come, arrive3 sg -cymD3 pl -cumaDopt 3 sg -cumepret 3 sg cwom, com2 pl -comonpret opt 3 sg -come

be-dlan (bi-) (null) separate, deprive ofpp bidled (w inst)

bedd n bedds bedde

be-dglian (-dyglian -deglian)WII obscure, be-dim, conceal, keep secret

pp -dgled, -dyglod, -deglad[dgol]

be-ebbian WII leave aground by the ebb, strandpp pl beebbade

be-fstan WI fasten, fix, put in safe keeping, en-trust

opt 2 sg -fstepret 3 sg -fste3 pl -onpp befst

be-feallan R fall

opt 2 sg -feallebe-feolan 3 apply oneself (w dat) [Ger befehlen]be-fon (bi-) R surround, envelop, clothe, cover

imp 2 sg -fohpp -fangenpl -fongne, bifongen

be-foran prep (w dat) beforebe-foran adv beforebe-fran see: be-frignanbe-frignan 3 ask

pret 3 sg befranbe-gan irregpractice, perform, serve, occupy oneself withopt 3 sg bega (w reflex acc)pret 1 sg beeodepl -eodon, -eodan3 pl bieodonsurround

be-gang m undertaking, businessbegen (beggen) num adj bothh buhe butugyt butuunc bam

be-geondan (-giondan) prep (w dat) beyondbe-gietan (-gitan, -gytan) 5 get, obtain, find

pret 2 pl -geaton, -getonbe-ginnan 3 begin

pret 3 sg begannpp begunnen

Page 254be-gyrdan WI begird, surround

pp begyrddbe-hat n promise

ds -hateap -hat

be-hatan R promise3 sg -ht

be-healdan (bi-) Rhold, occupy, guard, protect3 sg bi-healdeDbehold, look, observeinf bi-imp 2 sg behealdpret 3 sg -heold3 pl -on

be-helan (bi-) 4 concealpp sg biholene[Ger hehlen]

be-heonan (-hionan) prep (w dat) on this side of

10

be-hindan adv behindbe-hindan prep (w dat) behindbe-hofian WII behoove, require

pret 3 pl -hofedonbe-hreosan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg: -hreaspret pl: -hruron pp: -hroren ) 2 (fall upon) cover

pp pl bihrorenebe-hreowsian WII rue, repent of

1 pl hreowsiaDbe-hreowsung f repentance

gs -ungebe-hwyrfan WI change, convert

pret 3 pl -hwyrfdonpp -hwyrfed

be-hydan (bi-) hide, concealpp -hydd, bihydedsg bihydde

be-limpan 3 concern, pertain, belong (intr)3 sg -limpD, -limpeDpret 3 pl -lumpon

be-lucan 2 lock, lock up, shut inimp 2 pl -lucaDpp -locen

ben f prayer, petitiongs benenp benaap bena[cf Mod boon]

benc f benchds bence

bend m f n bond, fetterbe-niman (bi-) 4 rob, deprive of (w acc of persand gen or inst of thing)

3 sg -nimDpret 3 sg -nampp pl -numene

benn f woundnp benna[bana]

beodan (principal parts: pret sg: bead pret pl:budon pp: boden ) 2 offer, announce, command

3 sg beodeDbeon (bon, wesan) irreg be, exist, become

ger beonne, bonne2 sg byst, bist3 sg biD1 pl beo we3 pl beoD, boDimp 2 sg beo2 pl beoD

opt 3 sg beo, bo2 pl beo ge3 pl bon1 sg eom2 sg eart3 sg is, ys3 pl synd, synt, sindon, siendon, syndonopt 3 sg se, sy, sig3 pl sen, sn, synneg 3 sg nis (

ap beoton beot boastfully

beotian WII boastpret 3 sg beotode

be-pcan WI deceive, enticepp bepht[facen]

beran (principal parts: pret sg: br pret pl: b-ron pp: boren ) 4 bear

ger beranne2 sg byrst3 sg byrD, bereD, biereDimp 2 pl beraDopt 3 sg bere

be-reafian WII bereave, rob, despoil, dispossess(w acc of pers and gen of thing)

3 sg -reafaDberen adj of a bear

as berenne, berenbe-rdan 1 pursue, surround, overtake

pret 3 sg -radbe-rowan R row past or round (trans)berstan (principal parts: pret sg: brst pret pl:burston pp: borsten ) 3 burstbe-rypan WI despoil of, plunder (w acc of persand gen of thing)

3 sg berypDbescufan 2 shove, pushbe-seon (-son) 5 see, look (intr)

pret 3 sg -seahopt 3 sg beso (w reflex acc)pret opt 3 sg besawe

be-settan (bi-) WI beset, occupy, surround,adorn

3 sg biseteDpp -seted, bi-

Page 256be-sittan (principal parts: pret sg: -st pret pl:-ston pp: -seten ) 5 besiegebe-slean 6 strike, cut off, deprive

pp beslgenbe-smitennis f defilement

as -nyssebe-standan 6 stand round, surround, beset

3 pl -standaDpret 3 pl -stodon

be-swcan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg: -swacpret pl: -swicon pp: -swicen ) 1 deceive, betray,offend, overcome

3 sg besucD

pret 3 sg bi-pp pl beswicene

be-swcian WII evade, escapepp sg beswcade

be-tcan WI commit, commend, entrust1 sg -tcepret 3 sg -thte

betan WI amend [bot]be-teldan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg: tealdpret pl: tuldon pp: tolden ) 3 cover, hem in, sur-round

3 sg biteldeD3 pl -teldaDpp bitolden[cf Mod tilt; Ger Zelt]

betera see: godbe-tweoh (-twih -twuh -tuh -tweohx -twux-tux) prep (w dat) between, amongbetwux Disum meanwhile

be-tweonum (-tweonon -twynum -twynan)prep (w dat) between, amongbe-tynan (bi-) WI close, end, enclose, imprison

pret 3 sg -tynde3 pl -onpp betyned, bityned[tun]

be-eccan (bi-) WI coverpp pl beeahte, bi-[Ger decken]

be-ingan (bi-) 3 beset, encirclepp birungen[Ger dringen]

be-urne see: be-yrnanbe-wawan (principal parts: pret sg: -weow pretpl: -weowon pp: -wawen ) R blow upon

pp pl biwaune[Ger wehen]

be-weaxan (bi-) R over-growpp -weaxen, bi-

be-wepan R weep over, bewailbe-windan (bi-) 3 encircle, surround

pp biwundenbe-witan PP oversee, have charge of, administer

pret 3 sg bewistebe-witigan (-witian) WII observebe-wltan 1 look

pret 3 sg -wlatbe-yrnan (principal parts: pret sg: -arn pret pl:-urnon pp: -urnen ) 3 run

pret 2 sg beurne

12

bi-, b see: be-, bebdan (principal parts: pret sg: bad pret pl: bidonpp: biden ) 1abide, remain3 sg bdeawait, expect (w gen)

biddan (byddan) (principal parts: pret sg: bdpret pl: bdon pp: beden ) 5 ask, request (acc ofpers and gen of thing)

ptc biddende3 pl biddaimp 2 pl biddaDopt 3 sg biddepret 2 sg bdepret opt 3 sg bde

Page 257bi-dreosan (principal parts: pret sg: -dreas pretpl: -druron pp: -droren ) 2 (cause to fall away)deprive (w instr)

pp pl bi-drorene[cf Mod dross, dreary]

bifian (beofian) WII waver, trembleptc pl bifigendanpret 3 pl bifedon[Ger beben]

big- see: b-bgan (began bygan) WI bend

3 sg bgeD[bugan]

b-genga m inhabitantb-gong (b-gang big-geng) m worship

gs bgongesds bgange

b-leofa (big-) m sustenance, foodns bigleofads bigleofan[libban]

bile-wit (bil-) adj innocent, pure, simpleds -witre[cf Ger billig]

bile-witnes f innocence, puritygs -nesse, -nysse

bill n swordas billis bille[Ger bille]

bill-gesliht n clashing of swordsgs -geslihtes

bindan (principal parts: pret sg: bond pret pl:bundon pp: bunden ) 3 bind

3 pl bindaDopt 3 sg bindepret 3 sg band

binnan (binnon) prep adv (w dat) within (timeand place)

adv binnanbisceop (biscop biscep) m bishop

gs bisceopesds biscepeas bisceopnp biscepasap bisceopas[Lat episcopus]

bisceop-seDl (-setl) n episcopal residenceas biscop-

bisceop-stol m episcopal seat, bishopricds -stole, biscepstoleas -stol

bismer (bismor bysmer) n m mockery, derision,insult

ds bismrebismerian WII mock, deride

ptc bismriendebi-sorgian WII care for, fear

3 sg bisorgaDb-spell (big-) n parable, example, proverb

ds bigspelleas -spell, big-ap bigspell[Ger Beispiel]

biter (bitter) adj bitter, severe, disastrous, fierceas biterneap biteresupl as bitterestan

biternes f bitterness, griefds -nesse

b-wist (big-) f sustenanceas bigwiste[wesan]

bi-wreon (principal parts: pret sg: -wrah,-wreahpret pl: -wrigon,-wrugon pp: wrigen,wrogen ) 1cover, enwrap

pret 3 sg biwrahPage 258blac adj shining, bright [blcan]blacung f turning pale, pallor

ds blacungeblde (bled) f blossom, fruit

gs bledenp blede

13

dp bledumap bleda[blowan]

bld m blast, breath, inspiration, prosperity,riches, glory, honor

as bld[blawan]

bld-dg m prosperous daygp -daga

blanden-feax adj grizzly-haired [blondan]blst m blaze, flameblstan WI blow (?)

pret 3 pl blstonBlecinga-eg f Blekingenbled see: bldbleo-brygd n (?) combination of colors [bregdan;Mod blee]bletsian WII bless

1 sg bletsige[blod]

bletsung f blessingds -unge

blcan (principal parts: pret sg: blac pret pl: bli-con pp: blicen ) 1 glitter, shine

3 sg blceDopt 3 sg blce[Mod blink; Ger bleichen]

blind adj blindns blindaas blindanap blynde

bliss f bliss, joygs blisseds blisse, blysseas blisse[

supl ns bradostbrd f (?) young bird (?) [bregdan]brdan WI extend, spread [brad]brastlian WII crackle

ptc dp brastligendum[Ger prasseln]

breahtm m noise, revelry, musicds breahtmegp breahtma[Ger Pracht]

brecan (principal parts: pret sg: brc pret pl:brcon pp: brocen ) 4 break, destroy, break forth

3 sg briceD3 pl brecaD

bregd n (?) trick, fraud, deceitgp bregda[bregdan]

bregdan (principal parts: pret sg: brgd,brdpret pl: brugdon,brudon pp: brogden,bregden ) 3brandish, drawopt 2 pl bregde gepret 3 sg brdbraid, weavepp bregden, brogden

brego (breogo) m chief, leader, lord, kingas brego

brember m brambledp brembrum

brengan (cf bringan) WI bring3 sg brengDopt 3 sg brenge

breost n breastds breosteap breost

breost-cofa m breast-chamber, heart, mindds -cofan

breost-sefa m mind, heartBret-walas m pl the Britons of Walesbrice (bryce) m fragment

ap bricas[brecan]

bricg-weard (brycg) m bridge-guardap -weardas

bridd m young birdns bridgs briddes

brim n oceanap brimu

brim-cald (-ceald) adj ocean-coldbrim-fugol m sea-bird

ap -fuglasbrim-lend m sea-farer, pirate

gp -lendrabrim-monn m sea-man, pirate

np -mengp -mauna

bringan (cf brengan) WI bring3 sg bringD3 pl bringaDopt 3 sg bringepret 3 sg brohte3 pl brohton

Page 260broc n injury, aiction, disease

ds broceas broc[brecan]

brocian WII oppress, injure, aict3 pl brociaD

brohte see: bringanbrond m brand, burning, fire

gs brondesbrosnian WII crumble, waste away, wither, decay

3 pl brosniaDpp gebrosnadpl -ode[cf Ger Brosam]

brosnung f decayds -unge

broDor (broDur) m brothergs broDords breDernp broDor, broDruap broDor

brucan (principal parts: pret sg: breac pret pl:brucon pp: brocen ) 2 brook, use, enjoy, possess(w gen)

3 sg brcD3 pl brucaD

brun adj brownBrunan-burh f Brunanburh (Durham ?)brun-ecg adj brown edged (of a sword)bryeg (brieg) f bridge

as briegebryd f bride

as brydebryhtm m glance, twinkling [cf breahtm]bryne m burning, fire, flamebryne-gield n burnt offering, sacrifice

ds -gielde

15

as -gieldBryten f Britain

as Brytenebrytta m distributor, dispenser

gs bryttan[breotan]

Bryttas (Brittas) pl m Britonsbryttigan (bryttian) WII divide, shareBryttisc (Brittisc) adj British

ds Bryttiscumbu see: begenbuan (bugan) irregdwell (intr)3 pl bugeaDpret 3 sg budptc dp bugigendum inhabitantsoccupy, cultivate (trans)3 pl bugaDpp sg byne, bynum, gebun, gebud

bufon (bufan; < be-ufan) prep(w dat) above(w acc) on, upon

bugan (principal parts: pret sg: beag pret pl: bu-gon pp: bogen ) 2 bow, bend, turn

1 sg bugebune f cupBunne f Bononia, now Boulogne (France)

ds Bunnanbur m bower, chamber

as bur[buan]

burg (burh) f fort, borough, cityns burhgs byrigds byrigas burgap burga

Burgenda gp m Burgundians, Burgenda land,BornholmPage 261burg-leode (burh-) pl m burghers, citizens

dp burh-burg-ware (burh-) pl m inhabitants of a burg,burghers, citizens

gp -waraap -ware

burna (burne, f) m bourn, stream, fountainds burnan

bur-en (-egn) m chamberlainds -ene

bute conj butbuton (butan) prep (w dat)exceptwithoutoutside

buton (butan) conj(w opt) unless(w indic) except, except that, but only

buton adv outsideButting-tun m Buttington

ds -tunebutu se begenbycgan (bicgan) WI buy

imp 2 pl bicgaDbydel m beadle, proclaimer, herald, minister

gp bydelaap bydelas[beodan]

byden f measure, bushelds bydene[L L *butna < Gr butinh]

byldan WI encourageopt 3 sg byldepret 3 sg bylde[beald]

byme f trumpetgs bymannp byman

byne see: buanbyrde adj of high birth, rank

supl ns byrdestabyre m favorable opportunitybyre m child, son, descendant

np byre[beran]

byrgan WI taste, eatpret 3 pl byrgdon

byrgan WI buryger byrigenne

byrgen f grave, tombds byrgeneas byrgenne, byrgenenp byrgena

byrne f byrnie, corslet, coat of mailas byrnan[Ger Brunne]

byrn-sweord n flaming swordbyrn-wiga m mailed warriorbyrDen f burden

as byrDenne, byrDene

16

gp byrDennabysen (bsen) f example

ds bysene, bysneas bysenedp bsnum, bsenumap bsne[Goth -busns]

bysgian WII busy, occupy, disturb, oppresspp gebysgad

bysig adj busynp bysige

bysigo f business, concern, occupationdp bisgum

bysnian (bsnian) WII set an example for, in-struct by example

inf bsnian3 sg bsenaDpret 3 pl bysnodon

Page 262Ccaf adj bold, brave

as cafne[ON a-kafr]

caflce adv boldlycamp m fight, battle

ds campe[Ger Kampf]

camp-stede m battle-fieldcandel (condel) f candle

ds condellecandel-stf m (candle-staff) candlestickcanon m sacred canon

gs canones[Lat canon, Gr kanwn]

Cantwara-burg f Canterburyds -byrig

carc-ern (cearc-ern, cf cweart-ern) n prisongs carcernesds carcerneas carcern[Lat carcer + rn]

car-full (cear-) adj carefulcarian (cearian) WII care, be concerned for

3 sg caraDcarte f chart, card (for writing upon)

as cartan[Lat charta]

casere m emperorgs caseres[Lat Caesar]

ceald (cald) adj coldas calddp caldum

ceallian WII callceap m cattle

gs ceapes[cf Mod cheap]

ceap-stow f market-placecearu (cearo, caru) f care

ns cearoas ceare

ceaster f fort, town, cityds ceastre[Lat castrum]

ceaster-ge-ware m (pl tant) citizennp -waran

cellod adj curved, hollow, embossed [Lat celatus]cempa m warrior

np cempangp cempena[camp]

cene adj keen, boldcomp ns cenre

cenlce adv boldlycennan WI beget, bring forth

pp cennedCent f Kentceorl m (churl) freeman (of the common class),man

ds ceorlececsan (principal parts: pret sg: ceas pret pl:curon pp: coren ) 2 choose

3 pl ceosaDopt 1 sg ceose

cepan WI avail oneself of, take to (w gen)pret 3 sg cepte

cdan WI chide, reproach (w dat)2 sg cddesD (dial)pret 2 sg cdde

cgan (cegan, cygan) WI cry out, callpret 3 sg cgde, cygde1 pl cgdon

cild n childgs cildesap cild

cild-had m childhoodds -hade

cirice (cyrice, cyrce) f churchns cyrcegs ciricean, cyrcan

17

cirlisc adj churlish, rusticnp cirlisce[ceorl]

Page 263cirm see: cyrmcirr (cierr, cyrr) m turn, time, occasion

ds cirre[Mod char]

Cisse-ceaster f Cissas fort, Chichesterds -ceastre

clam see: cleaclne adj clean, pure

gs clnanas clneap clne

clne adv entirelyclnnes f cleanness, purity, chastity

ds -nisseclnsung f cleansing, chasteningcla n cloth

ds claeclea (cleo) f claw

dp clamcleofan (principal parts: pret sg: cleaf pret pl: clu-fon pp: clofen ) 2 cleave, split (trans)cleopian see: clipiancleowen n (clew), ball, globular mass

ds cleowne[Ger Kna]

clipian (clypian, cleopian) WIIcry out, exclaim3 sg clypaDpret 3 sg clypode, cleopodecry unto, implore (w dat)ptc dp clypigendumpl cleopiaDimp 2 sg clypa2 pl clypiaDpret 3 sg clipode[Mod obs clepe, yclept]

cludig adj rocky [cf Mod cloud]clypian see: clipianclyppan WI embrace, accept

opt 3 sg clyppe[Mod clip]

cnapa m boy, youthnp cnapangp cnapena[Ger Knabe]

cnearr m ship, galley

ns cnear[ON knorr]

cneo (cneow) n kneeap cneo, cneow

cneo-mg m kinsmandp -magnum

cneoriss f generation, family, tribe, peopleas -isse

cniht m boy, youth, young warrior, knight, atten-dant, disciple

gs cnihtesas cnihtnp cnihtas, cnyhtas

cnyssan WI beat (trans)3 sg cnyseD3 pl cnyssaD[cf Ger Knorre]

colian WII cool3 sg cola

collen-ferD (-ferhD) adj proud-minded, fierce[*cwellan]Coln f the river Colne (Essex)

ds Colnecorn n corn, grain

gs cornesas corn

corDor n troop, flock, companygp corDra

costian (costigan, costnian) WII tempt try,prove

inf costigan (w gen)ger costianne, costiennepret 1 sg constnode (w gen)[Ger kosten]

costnian see: costiancostnung f temptationcou f diseasecrft m strength, might, virtue, craft, skill, art,pursuit, knowledge

ds crfteas crftgp crftaap crftas

Page 264crftiga (crftega) m craftsman, workman, ar-tificer

ns crtegacrt n cart, chariot

ds crteCrecas (Creacas) m pl the Greeks

18

np Creacasgp Creca

creodon (crudan) (principal parts: pret sg: creadpret pl: crudon pp: croden ) 2 crowd, press, hasten

pret 3 sg creadcringan (principal parts: pret sg: -crong,-croncpret pl: -crungon,-cruncon pp: -crungen ) 3 cringe,yield, fall, dieCrst m Christ

ns CrsD (dial)gs Crstesds Crste

crsten adj Christiannp crstene, crstena, crstnangp crstenra

crsten-dom m christianityds -domeymestas -dom

cucu see: cwiccumbol-gehnast (gehnad) n conflict of banners

gs -gehnastescum-pder m godfather in his relation to the fa-ther [Lat compater]cuman (principal parts: pret sg: c(w)om pret pl:c(w)omon pp: cumen ) 4 come

ger cummannesg cymst, cymest3 sg cymD, cymeD3 pl cumaDopt 3 sg cume, cymeimp 2 sg cumpret 2 sg come3 sg cwom, cuom, compl comonpret opt3 sg comepp cumen

cunnen PP can, be able, know, understand (transand intr)

1 sg con2 sg canst3 sg can1 pl cunnon, cunnun3 pl cunnonopt 3 sg cunne3 pl cunnen, cunnan, cunnonpret 1 sg cuDe2 sg cuDest3 sg cuDepret opt 2 sg cyDe1 pl cuDon

3 pl cuDencunnian WII prove try, examine, experience (wacc or gen)

3 sg cunnaDpret 3 sg cunnode[cunnan]

cuD adj known, familiar, manifestas cuDegp cuDra[pp < cunnan; Ger kund]

cuDlic adj known, certaincomp as cuDlicre

cuDlice adv openly, clearly, certainlycwacian WII quake

ptc as cwacigendancwalu f killing, murder, death

ds cwale[cwelan]

Cwat-bryeg f Bridgenorth (Salop)ds -brycge

cwealm m n death, destruction, pestilenceds cwealmeas cwealm[Mod qualm]

Page 265cwealm-bre adj deadly

as -brancweart-ern (cf carc-ern) n prison

ds cwarternecwelan (principal parts: pret sg: cwl pret pl:cwlon pp: cwolen ) 4 diecwellan WI kill [cwelan; Mod quell]cwellere m executioner

np cwellerascweman WI please (w dat)

ger cwemanne[cuman]

cwen f queenCwenas m pl a tribe of the Fins

gp Cwenacweorn f quern, mill

as cweorne[Goth qairnus]

cweDan (principal parts: pret sg: cwD pret pl:cwdon pp: cweden ) 5 say, speak

sg cweDe2 sg cwyst3 sg cwiD3 pl cwDaD (for cweDaD)imp 2 sg cweD

19

pret 2 sg cwdepret opt 3 sg cwde3 pl cwdengecueden named[Mod quoth]

cwic (cwicu, cucu) adj quick, alivens cucuas cwicne, cwycnegp cwicra

cwic-susl (cwyc-) n hell-tormentgs cwycsuslesds -susle

cwide (cwyde) m saying, utteranceds cwydeas cuide[cweDan]

cwide-giedd n word, utterancegp -giedda

cwild (cwyld) m f n destruction, pestilence, mur-rain

ds cwilde[cwelan]

cwan WI bewail (trans)cwyc-susl see: cwic-suslcyf f vessel

as cyfe[Ger Kubel]

cyle (ciele) m chill, coldcyle-gicel m iciclecyme m coming

gs cymesds cymeas cyme[cuman]

cyne-dom m government, kingdomcyne-gold n regal gold, diadem, crowncyne-hlaford m royal lordcynelc adj royal

ap -lcecyne-rce n kingdom

gs kynercesis -rce

cyne-rymm m kingly majestyas -rym

cyng (cing) m kinggs cynges, cingesds cynge

cyning m kinggs cyningesds cyninge

as cyningnp cyningas, cynegasgp cyninga

Page 266cynn n kin, race, family, kind

gs cynnesds cynneas cynngp cinna

cype-cniht m boy for sale as a slaveap -cnihtas

cyp(e)-monn m chapman, merchantnp -men

cyrice, cyrce see: ciricecyrm (cierm, cirm) m cry, alarmcyrran (cierran, cirran) WI turn, go, return

3 pl cyrraDpret 3 sg cyrde3 pl cirdon[Ger kehren]

cyrtel m kirtle, coat, tunicas kyrtelap cyrtlas

cyssan WI kissptc cyssendeopt 3 sg cysse

cystig adj virtuous, charitableds cystigum

cyDan WI make known3 pl cyDaDpret 3 sg cyDde, cydde3 pl cyDdon[cuD]

cyDDu (cyDD) f kith, kinship, home, countryds cyDDeas cyDDe, cyDDu

Ddd f deed, action

gp ddaap dda

dd-betan WI make amends, repentptc np ddbetende

dd-bot f repentancedg m day

ds dgeas dgis dgegp dagadp dagum, daganap dagas

20

gs dges and nihtes (adv) by day and nightds to dge (adv) to-dayas longe on dg (adv) far on, late in the day

dg-hwomlc (-hwamlic) adj dailyds -lcum

dg-hwomlce (-hwamlce) adv dailydg-red n dawndgDerlc adj daily, presentds oD Disum dgDerlcum dge to this

present daydg-weorc n work of the day

gs -weorcesdl n dale

np dalu[Ger Thal]

dl m division, portion, partds dleas dlgp dlabe nigum dle to any extentbe m dle to that extent

dlan WI deal out, divide, separate, distribute3 sg dlD, dleDopt 1 pl dlonpret 3 pl dldonpp gedledpl gedlde

dl-neomende (dial) (ptc) m partakerdaroD (daraD) m dart, speargp daroDa laf the leaving of spears, those sur-

viving a battlePage 267dead adj dead

ns deadaas deadnenp deade, deadan

dead-bre adj deadlyds -brum

deall adj proudns deal

dearr see: durrandeaD m death

gs deaDesds deaDeis deaDeas deaDap deaDas

deaD-denu f mortal valedeaD-rced (-reced) n house of death, grave

Defenas (Defnas) m pl the people of Devonshire,DevonshireDefena-scr (Defna-) f Devonshire

ds scredelfan (principal parts: pret sg: dealf pret pl: dul-fon pp: dolfen ) 3 delve, digdema m judge

gs demandeman WI deem, judge, determine

3 sg demDpp gedemed

demm m judgmentDene m pl Danes

gp Denadp Denonap Dene

Dene-mearc (Dena-; -mearce) f Denmarkns Denamearcds Denemearce, Denemearcan

Denisc adj Danishnp Deniscangp Deniscraas on Densic in the Danish fashion

dennian WII become slippery (?)pret 3 sg dennode

denu (dene) f valleydeoflc adj devilish

ap -lcandeofol m n devil

gs deoflesds deoflenp deoflaap deoflu, deoflo

deofol-gyld n idolgp -gilda

deofol-gylda m idolaternp -gyldan

deofol-seoc adj possessed of a devilap -seocan

deofol-seocnis f possession by a devilap -nyssa

deop n the deep, the seags deopes (dypan f)

deop adj deepdeope adv deeply, profoundlydeoplce adv deeply, profoundlydeopnis f depth, abyss

ds -nyssedeor (dor) n wild beast or animal (of any sort)

as deor

21

np dorgp deoraap deor

deorc adj dark, gloomy, sadns deorca, deorceas deorce

deorling see: dyrlingdeor-mod adj bold of mind, braveDeorwente f the Derwent

ds -wentandeor-wurD (-wirD, -weorD) adj worthy of esti-mation, precious, honored

ds -wurDanap -wurDe, -wirDe, -wurDan

Page 268Dere m pl the Deirians, inhabitants of Deiraderian WI injure (w dat)

3 sg dereD, deraD[daru]

dacon-had (deacon-) m office of a deacon, dea-conship

ds -hadedegol (dgol) adj secret

ns degla, dglegs deglancomp np dgelran

dimm (dymm) adj dim, dark, gloomydp dymmum

dimnis (dymnis) f dimness, gloomds dymnysse

Dinges (mere) proper name a proper name, orthe sea of dashing and noisedor see: deordisc m dish

ds disceas disc

discipul m disciplenp discipul (Lat), discipulos (for -)gp discipulaap discipul

dogor n daygp dogra

dogor-rm n numbering of the days, timegs -rmes

dohtor f daughterdom mdoom, judgment, decree, decision, choicegs domesds domeas dom (stipulation)

is domerenown, glory

dom-ern n judgment-hallds -erne

dom-georn adj eager for renownnp -georne

domlc adj famous, gloriousdon irreg do, act, cause, put, place

ger donneptc donde2 sg dest3 sg deD2 pl doD3 pl doDimp 2 sg doopt 2 sg do1 pl donpret 2 sg dydest3 sg dyde3 pl dydonpret opt 3 sg dyde

Dorce-ceaster (Dorcan-) f Dorchesterds -ceastreas Dorcanceaster

draca m dragondream m joy, mirth

is dreamegp dreama (harmony)[Mod dream]

dreccan WI vex, trouble, aictpret 3 pl drehton

drenc m drinkgs drencesds drence

dreng m warriorgp drenga[ON drengr]

dreogan (principal parts: pret sg: dreag pret pl:drugon pp: drogen ) 2 endure, perform, fulfil

3 sg dreogeDdreor m blood

is dreore[dreosan]

dreorig adj dreary, sadns dreorigeas dreorigne (hyge)np dreorige[dreosan]

Page 269dreorig-hleor adj with sad face

22

dreorignis f sadnessgs -nysse

dreosan (principal parts: pret sg: dreas pret pl:druron pp: droren ) 2 fall, perish

3 sg dreoseD3 pl dreosaD[cf Mod dross]

drihten see: dryhtendrinca m drink

as drincandrincan (principal parts: pret sg: dronc pret pl:druncon pp: druncen ) 3 drink

3 pl drincaDpret opt 3 sg drunce2 pl druncen

drohtaD m sojourn, lifedrohtian see: drohtniandrohtnian (drohtian) WII lead ones life, live

ger drohtnigenne3 sg drohtaDpret 3 sg drohtnode[dreogan]

drohtnung (drohtung) f conduct, condition, lifegs drohtungeds -nunge

drohtung see: drohtnungdrusan (drusian W II) WI droop, drowse, be-come feeble

ptc drusende[dreosan]

dry m wizard, sorcerer [Celt drui]dryge (drge) adj dry

ap drygeds on drygum on dry ground

dryht f body of retainers, host, people [dreogan]dryhten (drihten) m lord, prince, ruler, king

gs drihtnesds drihtne, drihtene

dryman WI rejoiceptc gp drymendra[dream]

dryre m fall, deposit [dreosan]dugan PP avail

3 sg deahopt 3 sg dyge[Ger taugen]

duguD (dugoD) fbody of retainers, hostds duguegp duguDa

duguDa wyn the flower, the chief of retainersbenefit, honor, richesds duguegp dugeDa[dugan; Ger Tugend]

dun f down, hill, mountainas dune[Celt dunum]

dun-scrf n hill-cavenp -scrafu

durran PP dare1 sg dearr3 sg dearr1 pl durronopt 1 sg durrepret 3 pl dorstonpret opt 3 pl dorsten

duru f doords dura, duru, dyruas durunp dura

dust n dustds dusteas dust

dust-sceawung f contemplation of the dustds -sceawunga

Page 270dwscan WI extinguish, blot out

3 sg dwsceD[dws: dysig]

dwelian (dwellan) WI lead into folly, deceive; beled astray, err

ptc dweligende[cf Mod dull]

Dyflin (Dyflen, Difelin) Dublindym-hof n place of concealment

dp -hofondyre (dere, deore) adj dear, costly

np dyredyrling (deorling) m darling, favorite

ap deorlingasdyrstignes f boldness, audacity, arrogance

ds -nysseas -nesse

dysig adj foolishsupl ns dysgosta[Mod dizzy]

dysig n follyds dysige

dysignes f folly

23

ds -nessedyslc (dysiglc) adj foolishEe see: eaea f river

gs e, easds ea, eas eanp ea[Ger Au]

eac (ec) conj adv also, moreover, likewise, evenge ... ge eac both ... and alsone ... ne eac neither ... nor evenond eac swa and alsoeac swilce (swylce, swelce) also, likewiseeac gelce (-lyce) likewise[Ger auch]

eac prep in addition to, together with, besides (wdat)eaca m addition, increase

ds eacanns (null) reinforcementsto eacan in addition to (w dat)

ead n possession, riches, happiness, blissgs eadesas ead[cf Mod allodium]

eadig adj rich, blessed, happyns eadga, eadigags eadigan[Goth audags]

eadignes f happiness, blissgs -nesse

ead-mod see: eaD-modead-wela m generous supply, richeseafora (eafera) m son, heir

ds eaforan[cf Goth afar, prep after]

eage n eyegs eagan

eag-gebyrd f eyeball (?), pupil of the eye (?)eahta num eightea-la interj oh! alas!eald (ald) adj old

ns aldaap ealde, ealdanealda fder grandfather (ancestor ?)ealde tried, honoredsupl as ieldesDe (dial) most honored

Page 271

Ealdan-mynster n Old-Minsterds -mynstre

eald-cyDDu (-cyDD) f old, former homeas -cyDDe, -cyDDu

eald-fder m forefatherap -fderas

eald-feond m old foe, arch fiend, devilgs -feondesgp -feonda

ealdian WII become oldpp geealdad

ealdor (aldor) m prince, chief, lordgs ealdresds ealdre

ealdor-bisceop m chief bishopealdor-dom m lordship, sovereigntyealdor-lang adj life-long, lasting

as -langneealdor-monn m alderman, chief, ruler, magis-trate, chief officer of the shire

ns -mon, -manngs -monnesnp -men

ealgian WII defendpret 3 pl ealgodon

eall (all) adj allas alne, ealleis eallenp ealle, alle, eallagp ealra, eallradp eallumas ealle, ealla, eall, ealgs ealles (adv) altogether, quite, entirelyealles, ealra swost (adv) most of all, espe-

ciallyealles for swDe (adv) altogether, utterlyds (or dp) mid (myd) eallum (adv) alto-

gether, entirelyis mid ealle (adv) withal (= and everything)as ealne weg (adv) all the way, alwaysealneg (= ealne weg) (adv) all the wayealne dg (adv) all the dayeall swa (adv) just as

eallinga see: eallungaeallunga (eallinga) adv altogether, entirelyEall wealdend m Ruler of allealu (ealu) n ale

gs ealaDea-lond n island

ds -londe

24

eam m uncle [Ger Oheim]ear n ear (of corn)

ds eareas ear

earc f arkgs earceas earce

eard m dwelling, home, countrygs eardesds eardeas eard[eorDe]

eard-geard m dwelling-place, eartheardian WII dwell

3 pl eardiaDpret 3 pl eardodon

earding (eardung) f habitationap eardinga

Page 272eard-stapa m land-stepper, wanderereard-stede m dwelling-placeeard-wc n dwellingearfoD (earfeD) n difficulty, toil, hardship, tor-ture, torment

gp earfoDaap earfoDu[Ger Arbeit]

earfoDe adj difficultgs earfoDes

earfoDlc adj difficult, full of hardshipearfoDnes f hardship, torture

ap -nessaear-gebland n wave-mingling, oceanearh (earg) adj cowardly [Ger arg]earm m armearm adj poor, pitiable, wretched, despicable

as earmnenp earmecomp ns earmra[Ger arm]

earm-cearig adj wretched, full of careearming m poor wretch

np earmingasearmlc adj miserable, wretched

gs -lcesds -lcum

earn m eaglegs earnesds earneas earn ftan hwt (cf Gr pugargos)

[Ger Aar]earnian WII earn (w gen)

3 sg earnaD3 pl earniaD

eart see: beoneast adv east, in an easterly directioneastan (estan) adv from the eastwiD eastan to the eastbe eastan to the east of (w dat)

ea-stD n river-bankds -stDe

east-dl m eastern quarter, the eastds -dle

east-ende m east-endeast-engle m pl East-Angles, East-Anglia

gp -englaeaster-dg (eastor-) m Easter Day

ds -dgeis Eastordge

east-healf f east sideds -healfe

east-lang adj extending easteast-rce n eastern kingdomeastro (eastru, eastre, eastron) pl tant f nEaster

ap eastroneast-ryhte adv eastwardeast-seaxe (-seaxan) m pl East-Saxons

gp -seaxnaap -seaxe

east(e)-weard (-werd) adj eastward, easterlygs weardes (adv)ds -weardreas -weard

east-weg m east-way, path in the easteaDe adv easily

comp (eD) eaDsupl yDast

Page 273eaD-mod (ead-) adj humble-minded, humble

ns eadmodis -modeap -modan

eaD-modlce (ead-) adv humblyeaD-modnes (ead-) f humility, meekness, conde-scension

gs -nessegp -nessa

eaw-fst (w-, -) religious, piousns -fsta

25

ds -fstreeax f axis, axle tree

ds eaxeas eaxe

ebba m ebbds ebban

Ebreas m pl Hebrewsgp Ebrea

Ebreisc adj Hebrewece (eca, ecea) adj eternal, everlasting

ds ecangp ecra

eced m n vinegards ecede[Lat acetum; Ger Essig]

ecelce adv eternallyecg f edge, sword

ds ecgeecnes f eternity

as -nysseas -nesse

ed-geong (-giong) adj becoming (or being) youngagained-lean n reward

gs -leanesds -leaneas -lean

ed-nwe (-neowe) adj renewed, restoreded-nwinga adv anewedor (eodor) m enclosure, dwelling

np ederased-wenden f overturning, changeefen-ehD (-nehD) f neighboring plain

ds -ehDe[neah]

efen-hleoDor n equal, united harmonyis -hleoDre

efes f eaves, border, side (of a forest)ds efes (for efese ?)

efne (cf emne) adv even, only, justefn-ece adv co-eternallyefstan WI hasten (intr)

ptc efstendeimp 2 pl efstaDpret 3 sg efste3 pl -on[*of-est]

eft adv again, back, afterwardseft ongean (see ongean)

ege m fear, terror [Goth agis]

egesa m terror, feards egesan

egeslc adj terrible, horribleegeslce adv horriblyehtan WI pursue, persecute (w gen)

3 sg eht[oht]

ehtere m persecutorehtnis f persecution

ns -nysas -nysse

Page 274elcor (lcor) adv otherwiseeldan (ieldan, yldan) delay, hesitate

pret 3 sg elde[eald]

ele m oil [Lat oleum]el-fremed (l-) (pp) adj separated, released, ex-traneous

ns lfremedap lfremede

ellen n strength, courage, fortitude, zealds mid elne boldlyon elne boldlyas on ellen boldly[Goth aljan]

ellen-wodnis f zeal, fervorgs -nisse

elles adv elsehwt ... elles what elsenan Ding elles nothing else

eln f ell (measure)gp elna

el-eodig (l-) adj of another nation, foreign,strange

as leodigneel-eodisc (l-) adj foreign, strange

ns leodiscembe see: ymbeemb-gangan R compass (trans)

opt 3 sg -gangeemne (emn, cf efne) adv equallyemn-lang (efn-lang) adj equally longon emnlange prep (w dat) along

ende m endende-byrdlce adv in an orderly mannerende-byrdnes f order

ds -nesse, -nisseendemes (endemest) adv equally, in like mannerendian WII end, bring to an end

26

opt 3 sg endigeendlyfta num eleventh

is -lyftanenge adj narrow, oppressive, cruel

ns engaengel m angel

ds engleas engelnp englasgp engla[Lat angelus]

Engla-feld m Englefield (Berkshire)ds -felda

Engla-land n country of the Angles, Englandds -lande

Englisc adj Englishgs Engliscreas Engliscgp Engliscra

Englisc-ge-reord n English languageds -reorde

eno see: onoent m giant

gp entaeode, eodon see: ganeodorcan (cf ed-rocian, ed-recan, roccettan)ruminate

ptc eodorcende[Ger ra]

Eofer-wc (Efer-) n Yorkas Eferwc[cf Ger Eber]

Eofer-wc-ceaster f Yorkds -ceastre

eoh m n horse [Goth aihwa]eom see: beoneorcnan-stan (eorclan-) m precious stone [Goth-airkns]eored (eorod) n company, troop, host

ap eoredu[*eoh-rad]

Page 275eored-ciest (-cyst) f company, troop, host

dp -cystumeorl mearl (a Danish title corresponding to the native

ealdorman)np eorlasgp eorlaApplied to an ealdorman

ds eorlewarrior

eornoste adv earnestly, fiercelyeornostlce adv earnestly, indeedeorD-buend m earth-dweller

np eorDbugigendeeorDe f earth

gs eorDaneorDlc adj earthly, worldly

ns -lcags -lcanas -lce

eorD-scrf n earth-cave, graveds -scrfe, -scrafe

eorD-weg m earth-wayds on eorDwege on earth

eow (eower, eowic) see: Dueower (ower) poss pron your

gs eoweresds eowrumas eowerne, eowernp eowredp owrum, eowrum, eowerumap eowre

eow-land n Oland (island in the Baltic Sea)erce-bisceop m archbishop

ds -bisceopeerce-had m archiepiscopal dignitaryerian WI ear, plough

pret 3 sg eredeermD see: yrmDesne m servant, man

ds esne[Goth asneis]

esal (eosol) m assap esolas[Goth asilus]

est f favor, grace [Ger Gunst]est-full adj devout

ds -fullumEst-land n country of the Estas (on the easterncoast of the Baltic sea)Est-mere m Frische HaffEstum dp m the people of Est-landesul-cweorn f millstoneetan (principal parts: pret sg: t pret pl: ton pp:eten ) 5 eat

imp 2 pl etaDopt 3 sg ete

ettan WI graze

27

eDel m landed property, home, native country, ter-ritory

ds eDeleas eDelis eDle[cf Mod allodial]

eDel-lond n native landeDel-turf f native turf, country

ds -tyrfExan-ceaster (-cester) f Exeter

gs -ceastres, cestresas -ceaster, -cester

exl (eaxl) f shoulderas exle[cf Mod axle]

Page 276Ffc n division, space, interval, portion of time

ds fceas fc[Ger Fach]

facen (facn) n deceit, treachery, wickednessgs facnesis facneap facn

fcne adj guilefulfder m father

gs fdernp fderas

fderlc adj fatherly, paternalns -lce

fag (fah) adj colored, variegated [Goth -faihs]fge adj fated, doomed to death

np fgeap fgean[Ger feige]

fgen adj fain, glad, rejoicing (w gen)fger adj fair, beautiful, pleasant

gs fgeresis fgrenp fgracomp ap fgerransupl dp fgrestum

fgere (fgre) adv beautifully, wellfgernes f fairness, beauty

gs -nesseas -nesseap -nissa

fgnian WII rejoice (w gen)ptc fgnigende

pret 3 sg fgnodefah (fag) adj hostile [gefa foe]fhD f feud

as fhDe[Ger Fehde]

Falster prop noun Falster (island in the Baltic Sea)fandian WII try, tempt, test, examine, seek toknow

imp 2 pl fandiaD (w gen)[findan]

fandung f temptation, test, usageds -unge

fr n journey, expeditionds fre

faran (principal parts: pret sg: for pret pl: foronpp: faren ) 6 go, proceed, travel, march

2 sg frest3 sg frD3 pl faraDimp 2 pl faraDopt 3 sg fare2 pl farenpp gefaren

frelt (freld) m n going, motion, journeygs freltes, freldesds farelte

fringa adv suddenly [fr fear]frlc adj sudden

ns frlcads -lcum

frlce adv suddenlyfr-sceatm passage-money, fare [cf Mod scot-free]fr-sceaDa m sudden or dangerous enemy

ds -sceaDanfaru f journey

ds farefst adj fast, firm, secure

as fstnenp fste

Page 277fste adv fast, firmly, securelyfsten nfort, fortress, fastnessds fstenneas fstenfast (abstinence from food)ds fstene

fst-hafol adj retentiveds -hafelum

fstlce adv firmly, securely, resolutely, bravely

28

comp fstlcorfstnian WII fasten, confirmfstnung f security, safetyft n vessel

ap fatu[Mod vat]

ftels m n vesselap ftels

fDm m f embrace, graspfDm-rm n (fathom-number) fathom measure

gs -rmesfeallan (principal parts: pret sg: feoll pret pl:feollon pp: feallen ) R fall

ptc feallendeas feallendne3 sg fylD (of the course of water), fealleD3 pl feallaD

feallenlc (feallendlc) adj unstablefealo-hilte adj fallow-hiltedfealu (fealo) adj fallow, pale, yellow, dusky, dark

ns fealoas fealonenp fealwe

Fearn-hamm m Farnham (Surrey)ds -hamme

feawe (fea; feawa, due to assoc w fela) adj pltant few

dat feawum, feaumacc feawa

feccan (fecgan fetian) WIII fetchptc feccendeimp 2 pl feccaDpret 3 sg fette

fela (feola feala fla) n (sometimes as adj; rarelyinflected) much, many (w gen) [Ger viel]feld m field, battle-field

as feldfelg (felge) f felly

ds felgenp felga, felgea, felgan[feolan]

fell n fell, skin, hideas felap fell

feng m grasp [fon]feoh (fioh, feo) ncattlegoods, property, money, richesgs feosds feo

as feoh, fioh[Mod fee]

Page 278feoh-gfre adj greedy of possessions, avariciousfeoh-leas adj without money

np -leasefeohtan (principal parts: pret sg: feaht pret pl:fuhton pp: fohten ) 3 fight

ptc feohtende2 sg fihtest

feohte f fight, battlefeolan (principal parts: pret sg: fealh pret pl:fulgon,flon pp: folen ) 3 reach, penetrate [Gothfilhan]feol-heard adj hard as a file

ap -heardefeond m fiend, enemy

as feondgp feondadp feondumap fynd

feorh (fiorh) m n lifegs feoresds feore, foreas feorh

feorh-geong adj young in life, youthfulfeorh-hord n life-hoard, spiritfeorh-hus n life-house, bodyfeorm (fiorm) ffood, provision, goodsuse, benefitas fiorme[Mod farm]

feormian WII consume3 sg feormaD

feorr (far, feor) adv supl firrest fyrrestfeor far back (time)

feorr adj far, far from (w dat)feor am far from that (metaph)

feorran (fiorran) adv from afarfeorDa num adj fourth

ds feorDanas feorDangs bynnan feorDan healfes dges fce

within three and a half daysfeower num fourfeower-tig num forty

gen -tigesfeower-tyne (-tene) num fourteen

dat -tynum

29

feran WI go, travelpret 3 sg ferde3 pl ferdon

ferhD (ferD) m n mind, spirit, heartns ferDds ferhDe, ferDeas ferD

ferian WI; W II carry, transportptc ferigendepret 3 sg ferode, ferede3 pl feredonpp geferod

fers n m verseds ferseap fers[Lat versus]

fersc adj freshnp fersce

ferD-loca (ferhD-) m (inclosure of the spirit),spirit, heart, mind

as -locanfetor (feotor) f fetter

dp feterumfeDa m band of foot-soldiers, troop

ap feDan[findan]

feDer f feathernp feDregp feDradp feDerumfeDrum (wing?)

Page 279feDer-homa m feather-garb, plumagefc-treow n fig-tree [Lat fcus]fierd (fird, fyrd) f(military) expeditionds fyrde(the national) armyds fierdeas fierd[faran]

fierdian (fyrdian) WII be on a military expedi-tion

pret 3 pl fierdedonfierd-leas adj unprotected by the armyff num five

nom ffedat ffum

ffta num adj fifthfftig num fifty

gen fftigesdat fftegum

ff-tyne (-tene) num fifteenfindan (principal parts: pret sg: fond pret pl: fun-don pp: funden ) 3 find, come upon, supply

3 sg findeDFinnas pl m the Finnsfinta m tailfras pl m men

gp fra, fyradp frum

firgen-stream m mountain-stream, woodland-stream [Goth fairguni]fiscaD see: fiscnaDfiscere m fisher

np fiscerasfiscnaD (fiscnoD fiscaD) m fishing

ds fiscaDefiDeru pl n wings

np fiDrugp fiDraap fiDru

fla (flan) f m arrowgs flanesas (or ap) flan

flsc n fleshgs flscesds flsceas flscis flsce

flsc-homa m (covering of flesh) bodyflsclc adj fleshly, corporeal, carnal

ds -lcrefleam m flight

gs fleamesds fleameas fleam

fleogan (principal parts: pret sg: fleag pret pl: flu-gon pp: flogen ) 2 fly (intr)

3 sg fleogeD[cf fleon]

fleon (flon, fleogan) (principal parts: pret sg:fleah pret pl: flugon pp: flogen ) 2 flee, escape(trans and intr)

ger flonneptc ds fleondum3 sg flyh3 pl fleoDimp 2 pl fleoD

30

fleotan (principal parts: pret sg: fleat pret pl: flu-ton pp: floten ) 2 float

ptc gp fleotendraflett n floor of the hall

as fletflocc m flock, company, troopfloc-rad f a riding company, troopPage 280flod m f n flood, wave, tide, stream

as flodflodan see: Pryfetflod-wylm (wielm) m f welling flood [weallan]flot n deep water, seaas on flot ?afloat?[Mod afloat]

flota m sailor, seaman, pirateas flotannp flotangp flotena

flowan (principal parts: pret sg: fleow pret pl:fleowon pp: flowen ) R flow

ptc flowendeas flowendan3 sg flowD

flyht m flight, escapeds flyhteas flyht

flyht-hwt adj bold or swift of flightgs -hwatesap -hwate

flyma m fugitivegp flymena[fleam]

fnst m blowing, breathfoddor (fodor) n foodfodor-egu f partaking of food, repast

gs -ege[iegan]

folc n folk, people, nation, armygs folcesis folce

folc-ge-feoht n general engagement, pitched bat-tlefolcisc adj vulgar, popular

np -iscefolc-stede m place of assembly, battle-field

ds -stedefold-agend m (earth possessor) earth-dweller

gp -agendrafolde f earth, land, country

gs foldan[feld]

fold-wstm m fruit of the earthfold-weg m way, path (on the earth)

ds (is) -wegefolgian (fylgean) WII; W III follow, serve, ob-serve, obey (w dat)

ptc fylgende, fyliende1 pl fylgeaDimp 2 pl folgiaDopt 1 pl fylgen, fylgeonpret 3 sg filgde, folgode2 pl fyligdon3 pl folgodon, filigdon

folgoD m service, official dignity, office [folgian]folme (folm) f hand

ds folman[felan feel]

fon (principal parts: pret sg: feng pret pl: fengonpp: fongon ) R seize, grasp, capture, take, receive

3 pl foDpret 1 sg to rce feng came to the throneto re sprce feng (null)to wpnum feng (null)3 pl fengon togdere engaged in battle

for prep w dat instr and acc(w dat, instr) before (place)(w dat, instr) for, on account of, because of, ow-

ing to (cause, condition, remedy)for Dm (Dam) conj; for, because, sincefor Don (null)for Dan (null)for Dm (Dam) De (null)for Dy e (null)for Don e (null)for Dan e (null)for Dy for this, thereforefor D (null)for ig (null)for Don (null)for hwm whereforefor hwig (null)for hwon (null)(w acc) for, instead of

Page 281for adv (intensive) veryfor f journey

ds fore[faran]

foran adv before, in front

31

foran to (null)to foran (null)

for-brnan WI cause to burn, to burn (trans)sg -brneD3 pl -brnaDopt 1 pl -brnepret 3 pl -brndonpp -brned

for-beodan 2 forbidpp pl forbodene

for-beornan 3 burn (intr)pp -burnen

for-beran 4 suffer, permit3 sg -bireD

for-berstan 3 burst asunder, vanish, fail3 sg -birsteD

for-bugan 2 avoid, escapepret 3 sg -beah

ford m fordds fordaas ford

for-don irreg destroypret 3 sg -dyde

fore prep (w acc) before (place)for-ealdian WII become old

pp forealdodfore-beacen (-beacn) n fore-tokenfore-genga m predecessor, ancestor

np -genganfore-gsel m preliminary hostage

gp gsla[Ger Geisel]

fore-mihtig adj prepotentfore-sceawung f fore-sight, providence

as -sceawungafore-secgan WIIIsay beforehandpret 1 pl -sdonpl -sdanpp sg -sde aforesaidforetell, predictpret 1 sg -sde

fore-sprc f defencefore-sprecan 5 speak or mention beforehand-sprecenan aforesaidpp sg -sprecena aforesaid

fore-stppan (-steppan) (principal parts: pretsg: -stop pret pl: -stopon pp: -stapen ) 6 precede(w dat)

3 sg -stpD

3 pl stppaDfore-tiohhung f predestinationfore-ingian WII plead for one, defend

3 sg -ingaDopt 3 sg -ingie

Page 282fore-onc m forethought, foreknowledge

ds -oncefore-witan pp foreknow

3 sg -watfore-wtegian WII prophesy

pret 1 sg -wtegodefor-faran 6 get in front of, obstruct

pret 3 pl -foronfor-giefan (-gifan, -gyfan) 5 give, grant; forgive

ger -giefannepret 3 sg -geaf2 pl -geafonpp -gifenpl -gifene, -gyfene

for-gifennis (-gyfennis) f forgivenessas -nisse, -gifenysse

fore-gongan R go before, precedeopt 3 sg -gange

for-grindan (principal parts: pret sg: -grond pretpl: -grundon pp: -grunden ) 3 grind to pieces, de-stroy, consumefor-grpan 1 seize, snatch away

3 sg -grpeDfor-gyldan (-gieldan) 3 repay, requite, buy off

3 sg -gilt1 pl -gyldaDopt 2 pl -gyldon

for-gytan (-gietan, -gitan) 5 forgetpret 3 sg -geat

for-gytol adj forgetfulfor-hfednis f restraint, abstinence

as -nyssefor-heard adj very hard

as -heardnefor-heawan R hew, cut downfor-helan 4 concealfor-hergian WII harry, devestate, lay waste

pp -hergodfor-hogdnis f contempt

ds -nissefor-hogian WII despise

ptc -hogigende3 sg -hogaD3 pl -hogiaD

32

opt 3 sg -hogigepret 3 sg -hogode[cf. for-hycgan]

for-hradian WII hasten before, anticipate, pre-vent

3 sg -hradaDforht adj afraid

np forhteforhtian WII fear, be afraid (intr)

ptc ap forhtgendan3 pl forhtigaD3 sg forhtigepret opt 3 pl forhtedon

forhtung f feards -unge

for-hwga (-hwega) adv at least, aboutfor-hycgan WIII despise

1 sg -hycge[cf. forhogian]

for-l-tan (principal parts: pret sg: -let pret pl:-leton pp: -l-ten ) R leave, leave off, omit, aban-don, neglect, lose

ptc -l-tende3 sg -l-topt 3 sg -l-te3 pl l-ten

for-l-tnes f remissiongs (or gp) -nessa

Page 283for-leosan (principal parts: pret sg: -leas pret pl:-luron pp: -loren ) 2 lose, abandon, destroy

3 sg -lystopt 3 sg -leose1 pl -leosenpret 2 sg -lure

forma (fyrmest, firmest) supl adj firstas forman

for-niman 4 take off, destroypret 3 sg -nom3 pl -nomon

for-rdan 1 intercept by riding beforepret 3 sg -rad

for-rotian WII rot away, decayopt 3 sg -rotigepp -rotad

for-sacan 6 oppose, refusepret 3 pl -socon[Mod forsake]

for-scrincan (principal parts: pret sg: -scronc pretpl: -scruncon pp: -scruncen ) 3 shrink, wither

for-scyldigan WII condemnpp -scyldigod

for-searian WII sear, dry up, witherpp -searod

for-seon 5 overlook, despise, reject3 sg -syhD, -syhD3 pl -seo

for-sewennis f contemptds -nysse

for-sittan 5 delaypret 3 sg forst

for-spendan WI spend utterly, squander3 pl -spendaD

for-spyllan (-spillan) WI spill, waste, lose, de-stroy

pp -spylledfor-spyllednis f spilling, waste, destruction,perdition

gs -nysseforst frost

gs forstesfor-standan 6 understand

pret 1 sg -stodfor-stelan 4 steal away (trans)

pret 3 pl -st-lonfor-suwian (-sugian -swugian -swgian) WIIIkeep silent (trans)for-sw-lan (-swelan) WI burn, scorch (transand intrans)

3 sg -sweleDpret 3 sg -sw-lde[swol; Ger schwul]

for-swelgan 3 swallow uppret 3 sg -swealh

for-teogean WII ordainpp -teode

for-tredan (principal parts: pret sg: -trd pret pl:-tr-don pp: -treden ) 5 tread downforD adv forth, forwards, onwards, away; hence-forthforD mid ealle forthwithand swa forD and so on

forD-feran WI depart, diepret 3 sg -ferde3 pl -ferdon

forD-for f departure, deathgs -foreds -fore

forD-georn adj eager to advanceforD-genge adj progressive, successful

33

for-olian WII go without, miss, lack (w dat)Page 284for-Drysmian WII choke, suffocate

pret 3 pl forDrysmodon[rosm, smoke, vapor]

forD-sD m departure, deathds -sDe

forD-weard adj enduringas -weardne

forD-weg m way leading forthds forDwege

for-ylman WI envelop, suffocate; consumepret 3 sg -ylmde

for-weard adj forward, foreds -weardum

for-wegan 5 overcome, killpp forwegen

for-weornian WII wither (intr)opt 2 pl -weornion

for-weorDan (-wurDan) 3 come to grief, perish1 pl -wuraDopt 1 pl -weoronpret 3 sg -wearD

for-wiernan (-wirnan, -wyrnan) WI prohibit,prevent, refuse (w gen)

opt 3 sg -wyrnefor-wordenlc adj perishable [weorDan]for-wundian WII wound seriously

pp pl -wundodefor-wurDan see: for-weorDanfor-wyrcan WI barricade, obstructfor-wyrd f n fate, destruction

ds forwyrdefor-wyrdan WI perish

3 sg -wyrDfot m foot

gs fotesdp fotumap fet

fot-ml n foot-print, space of a footfot-swD n foot-print

dp -swaDumfracod (fracoD, fracuD) adj of bad repute, de-testable, vile, wicked [*fra-cuD]fram see: fromfranca m spear

ds francanFrancan pl m the Franks

gp FrancenaFranc-land n the country of the Franks

ds -landefrtwe pl f ornaments, decorations, equipments

gp frtwaap frtwe[*fra-tawe]

frtwian WII adornpret 3 sg frtwodepp gefrtwad, gefrtewod, -edpl gefrtewode

frea m lordgs freands frean

frecednis f danger, harmdp -nyssum

frecennes f danger, harmds -nesse

frecne adj dangerous, perilousas frecnanap frecne[cf Mod freak]

frecnes (frcnes) f danger, harmnp frecnessadp frcnessum

frefran WI comfort, console, cheerfrefrend (ptc) m comforterPage 285fremde (fremDe) adj strange, foreign, alien

np fremdan, fremde[from; Ger fremd]

fremian WII benefit, profit (w dat)3 sg fremaD[from valiant; Ger fromm]

frem-sumlce adv kindlyfrem-sumnes f kindness, benefit

gp -nessaap -nesse

freo see: frofreod f good-will, peace

as freodefreolce adv freelyfreo-mg m free kinsmanfreond m friend

as freondap frynd

freond-leas adj friendlessas -leasne

freondlce adv in friendly mannerfreorig adj cold, chill [freosan]freoDu see: friDFresisc adj Frisian

34

gp -iscraas on Fresisc in the Frisian manner

fretan (principal parts: pret sg: frt pret pl: fr-ton pp: freten ) 5 devour, eat [

fus adj ready, eager [Mod fuss]fyll (fiell) m fall, destruction, death

ds fylleas fyl[feallan]

fylstan WI assist, help (w dat)pret 3 sg fylste[*full-last, lstan]

fyr n firegs fyresds fyreas fyris fyre

fyr-bD n fire-bathds -baDe

fyrd-rinc m warriorfyren adj of fire, fiery

ds fyrenumPage 287fyren-lust (firen-) m sinful lust

np -lustasfyrhto f fright, terror

ds fyrhtu, fyrhtofyrlen (fierlen) adj distant [feorr]fyrmest see: formafyrn-dagas pl m days of long ago, ancient days[Ger firn]fyrn-gear pl n years of long ago, ancient yearsfyrn-ge-sceap n ancient decreefyrn-ge-set n former seat or habitation

ap -gesetufyrn-ge-weorc n ancient workfyrst supl adj first, chieffyrst (first, fierst) m division of time, time, pe-riod, respite

gs fyrstesds fyrsteas first[Ger Frist]

fyrst-mearc f marked period of time, intervalds -mearce

fysan WIhasten (intr)send forth, impel (trans)pret 3 sg fysde[fus]

Ggdrian (ge-gdrian, cf ge-gaderian) WIIgather

3 sg gdraD, gegdraD

pp gegdradgafol n tax, tribute, profit, interest

gs gafolesds gafole[cf Goth ga-baur]

glan WI delay, hinderpret opt 3 sg glde

gamenian WII play, punpret 3 sg gamenode[gamen game]

gamol-ferhD adj aged [*ga-ml]gan eode eodon gegan go, come, walk, advance

2 sg g3 sg gD3 pl gaDimp 2 sg ga2 pl gaDopt 3 sg gapret opt 3 pl eoden

gar m spearap garas[Mod gore, gar-fish, etc.]

gar-berend m spear-bearer, warriorgar-mitting f meeting of spears or javelins, con-test

gs -mittingegar-rs m spear-encounter, battlegrs n grass, bladegarsecg m sea, oceangst (gast) m spirit

gs gastesds gste

gast-cyning m spiritual kingds -cyninge

gstlc (gastlc) adjspiritualgs gsDlces (dial)as gastlcegp -lecenaap -lecanghastly, terriblens gastlc

Page 288gstlce (gastlce) adv spirituallygate-hr n hair of a goatge conj andge ... ge both ... and[cf gDer]

ge see: Dugeador adv together

36

geaful mforkin pl, jaws, birds billnp geaflas[Ger Gabel]

ge-agan PP own, possessger -agenne

ge-ahnian (-agnian) WII claim as ones own,take possession of

pp geahnodgealla m gall

ds geallange-met(t)igianWII free, disengage from (w accof pers and gen of thing)

opt 2 sg gemetige[met(t)ig]

ge-an-bdian WIIwait, remain (intr)inf -bydianimp 2 sg bydaawait (w gen)inf -bydian

ge-and-wyrdan WI answerpp -andwyrd

ge-an-lcan WI unitepret 3 sg -lhte

ge-an-lcian WII likenpres 1 pl geanlcie

gear (ger) n yeargs gearesds geare, gereas gearis geare, gereap gear, ger

gearcian WII prepareimp 2 sg gearca[gearu]

geard m enclosure, dwellingdp in geardum at home, in the world

gear-dg m day of yoregeare (gearwe) adv readily, wellgearelce adv readilyge-arian WII show mercy (w dat)

opt 3 sg -arigege-rnan WI run (or ride) for, gain by running(trans)

3 sg -neD[yrnan]

gearo-wita m intellectas -witan

gearu (gearo) adj yare, readynp gearwe, gearowe[Ger gar]

gearwian WII preparepret 2 sg gearwodest3 sg -ode

ge-ar-wurDian WII honorpret 3 sg -wurDode

ge-ascian (-axian) WII learn by inquiry, hear of,discover

1 pl -axiaDpret 3 sg -ascode, -axodepp -ascad

ge-ascung f inquiryds geascunge

geat n gateds geateas geatap gatu

geat-weard m gate-ward, door-keeperge-Dele adj befitting noble descentge-axian see: ge-asciange-bdan WI compel, force

pp gebdedge-bre n gesture, behavior, cry

np gebru[beran]

ge-bed n prayeris gebedeas gebed

Page 289ge-beodan 2 offer

pret 3 sg -beadge-beor m (beer-companion), reveller

dp gebeorumnp gebeoras

ge-beorg (-beorh) n protection, defenceds gebeorge

ge-beorgan 3 protect, savepp geborgen (impers)

ge-beorscipe m banquet, entertainmentgs -beorscipesds -beorscipedp -beorscipum

gebetan WImake amends for, repent of (trans)opt 3 sg gebete3 pl gebetenrepent (intr)[bot]

37

ge-bcnian (cf beacnian) II betoken, indicatepp gebcnod

ge-bdan (principal parts: pret sg: -bad pret pl:-bidon pp: -biden ) 1await, look for (w gen)3 sg -bdeDendure, experience

ge-biddan 5pray (w reflex acc)pret 3 sg gebdpray (w reflex dat)

ge-began (-bgan -bygan) WI bow, bend, in-cline, convert (trans)

inf -bgan, -bgean3 sg -bgDpret 3 sg -bgdepret opt 3 pl -bgdenpp -beged, -bgedpl -bgede, bygede[bugan]

ge-bgan see: ge-begange-bilde adj bold, confident

ds gebildum[beald]

ge-bind n combination, comminglingge-bindan 3 bind

3 pl -bindaDpret 3 sg -bandpp -bundengp -bundenra

ge-bsnung f examplege-blesian WII bless

pret 3 sg -bletsodepp -bletsodsg -bletsode

ge-blissian (-blyssian) WIIrejoice (intr)inf -blyssianptc -blyssigendemake happy (trans)pp -blissad

ge-bod n commandds gebode[beodan]

ge-brc n breaking, crashing [brecan]ge-brdan WI broaden, become extended

pp pl -brddage-breadian see: ge-brediange-bredian (-breadian)WII (breed), regenerate,restore

pp gebreadadpl gebredade

ge-bregd n change, vicissitude [bregdan]ge-breowan (principal parts: pret sg: -breaw pretpl: -bruwon pp: -browen ) 2 brew

pp gebrowenge-bringan (-brengan) WI bring

3 sg -bringD, brengDimp 2 pl -bringaD

ge-brocian WII aictpp gebrocodnp gebrocede

Page 290ge-brosnodlc adj corruptiblege-broDor (Dru -Dra) m pl tant brothers

np gebroDraap gebroDru

ge-bud see: buange-bun see: buange-bycgan WI buy

3 pl -bycgaDge-bygan see: ge-begange-byrd n birth, rank, condition

as -byrdge-byrgan WI taste

opt 3 sg gebyrgege-byrian WIhappen3 sg gebyreD (impers)pertain, behove (impers)[Ger gebuhren]

ge-bysnian WII give good examplepret 3 sg gebysnode

ge-bytle n building, dwellingnp gebytlugp gebytla

ge-camp m fight, battleds gecampeas gecamp

ge-ceosan 2 choose, electpret 3 sg geceaspp gecoren (decide)np -corene

ge-cegan (-cgan -cygan)WI call, name, invoke3 sg -cygDpp -cgedpl -cgede, -cygede

ge-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WIturn, change, convert, direct (trans)imp 2 sg gecyr

38

pp gecierredsg -cyrredapl -cyrredeturn (ones self), go, return (intr)inf -cyrranimp 2 sg -cyrropt 3 sg -cyrrepl -cyrranpret 3 sg -cyrde

ge-cgan see: ge-cieegange-clnsian WII cleanse

pret 3 sg -clnsodepp -clnsod

ge-clingan (principal parts: pret sg: -clong pret pl:-clungon pp: -clungen ) 3 cling, adhere, compress

pp pl geclungnege-cnawan R know, understand

3 sg -cnwDpret 3 pl -cnowon

ge-cneord-lcan WI be zealous, strive, study(intr)

pret 3 sg -lhtege-cneordlce adv diligentlyge-cnyrdnis f diligence, earnestness, study

ds -nyssege-cringan 3 cringe, yield, fall

pret 3 sg gecrong, gecrancge-crstnian WII christianize, catechise

pp -crstnadge-cuman 4 come together, assemblege-cweme adj (becoming), acceptable, pleasing[Ger bequem]ge-cygan see: ge-cegange-cynd f n nature, kind, generation

ns gecyndeds gecynde, gecindeas gecynd

Page 291ge-cynd-boc f Genesisge-cynde adj naturalge-cyrran see: ge-cierrange-cyrrednis f conversion

gs -nyssege-cyDan WI make manifest, show

imp 2 sg -cyDpret 3 sg -cyDde

ge-cyDnis f manifestation, testamentds -nisseap -nissa

ge-dafen (cf ge-defe) adj fit, becoming [Moddeft, daft]ge-dafenian (-dafnian) WII befit, suit (impersw dat)

3 sg gedafenaDpret 3 sg gedafnode, gedeofanade (dial w acc ?)[Goth gadaban]

ge-dal n division, separationas lces gedal dissolution, death

ge-dlan WI deal out (tear?)pret 3 sg -dlde

ge-defe (cf ge-dafen) adj fitting, gentle, im-proved in condition

comp ap gedefran[Goth gadobs]

ge-deofenian see: ge-dafeniange-deorf n labor, hardship, difficultyge-dihtan WIcompose, dictate, writepret 3 sg -dihtedirect, orderpret 3 sg[Ger dichten]

ge-don irregdo, actpret 3 pl -dydonpret opt 3 sg ddecause to be (trans)3 sg -deD3 pl -doDput into such and such a conditionreach, arrive atpret 3 pl -dydon

ge-dreccan WI oppress, aict, vex, troublepp pl gedrehte

ge-drefan WI trouble, disturb, aict3 sg -drefD3 pl -drefaDpret 2 pl drefdonpp -drefedpl -drefde, -drefede

ge-drefednis f troublegs -nysse

ge-dreosan 2 fall, failpret 3 sg -dreaspp pl -drorene

ge-drincan 3 drink uppret 3 sg gedranc

ge-drofenlc adj troublousge-dryht f train of attendants, retinue, company

39

ge-drync n drinking, carousingge-dwol-monn m erring man, heretic

np -mengp -manna

ge-dwolsum adj misleading, erroneousge-dwyld n folly, error

gs -dwyldesds -dwylde[dwol]

ge-dyrst-lcan WI dare, presumepret 2 sg -lhtest

Page 292ge-ealgian WII defendge-earnian WII earn, deserve

imp 2 sg -earnaopt 3 pl -earnienpret 3 sg -ode3 pl -odonpp geearnad

ge-earnung f desert, meritds -ungegp -ungaap -unga

ge-eaD-modian WII humble, debase (w refl acc)pret 3 sg -medde

ge-eawan see: ge-eowange-ed-cwycian (-cwician -cuican)WII quicken,revive

pp pl -cwycodege-ed-nwian WII renew

3 sg -nwaDpp -nwad

ge-ed-staelian WII reestablish, restoreimp 2 sg -staDelapret 2 sg -staDelodest

ge-efen-lcan WI imitateger geefenlcenne

ge-ende-byrdan WI set in order, ordain, arrangepp -endebyrdas -endebyrdne

ge-endian WIIend, finish (trans)ger geendiannepret 3 sg geendadepret opt 3 sg geendodepp geendod, -adcome to an end, die3 sg geendaD

ge-endung f ending, endds geendunge

ge-eowan (-eawan) irreg show3 sg -eowDopt 3 sg -eawe

ge-fderam godfather in his relation to the fatherge-fadian WII arrangege-fagian WII variegate, embroider

pp gefagodge-fr n going, journeyge-faran 6go, travel (intr)pret opt 3 sg geforetravel (trans)depart out of life, die (intr)pret 3 sg gefor

ge-fstnian WII fasten, fixpret 3 sg -fstnodepp pl -fstnode

ge-fea m joy, delight, gratificationis ge-fean

ge-fealc adj joyous, pleasantge-feccan (-fecgan -fetian) WIII fetch, take

pret 3 pl -fetedonge-fegan WI join

imp 2 sg gefegpp gefeged

ge-feoht n fight, strife, battleds gefeohteap gefeoht

ge-feohtan (principal parts: pret sg: -feaht pretpl: -fuhton pp: -fohten ) 3fightgain by fighting, win

Page 293ge-feon 5 rejoice (w inst or gen)

ptc gefeondeimp 2 sg -feoh

ge-fera m companion, comradeds -ferannp -feranap -feran

ge-feran WI travel (trans)ge-fere adj accessible [faran]ge-fer-scipe m companionshipge-feterian WII fetter, bind

pret 3 sg -feterodege-fetian see: ge-feccange-fexod (-feaxod) adj haired, having hair

np -fexodege-fillednys f completion, fulfilmentge-firnian WII commit a wrong, sin (intr)

40

pret 1 sg -firnode2 sg -dest

ge-fleman (-flyman) WI put to flightpret 3 sg -flemde3 pl -donpp -flymedpl -flemde

ge-flyman see: ge-flemange-flyt n contention, strife

ds -flyte[fltan; Ger Fleiss]

ge-fon R take, seize3 sg gefehDhlyst gefeD listens

ge-forian WII accomplishpp geforod

ge-frge adj famous [fricgan]ge-frge n report, hearsay

is mine gefrgeas I have heard say

ge-fremian WII (cf ge-fremman) perform3 sg -fremaD

ge-fremman WI performger fremmenneimp 2 pl -fremmaDpret 3 sg -fremede3 pl -donpp -fremed

ge-freoge (-frige) n information [fricgan]ge-freolsian WII set free, deliver

1 sg -freolside3 sg -freolseDopt 3 sg -freolsige

ge-freoDian (-frioDian -friDian)WII protect, fa-vor

imp 2 sg gefreoDapret 3 sg -friDode

ge-frignan 3 learn by inquiry, hearpp gefrugnen

ge-fullian (cf gefulwian) WII baptizepret 3 sg gefullodepp gefullodpl gefullode

ge-fultumian WII helppp -fultumod

ge-fulwian (cf gefullian) WII baptizepp gefulwad

ge-fylce n army, troop, divisiondp gefylcium, gefylcum[folc]

ge-fylgan WIII follow (w dat)ge-fyllan WI fell, cut down; deprive of (w gen)

pp gefylled[feallan]

ge-fyllan WIfill (w gen)pp pl gefyldafulfil, complete, perform2 pl -fyllaDopt 2 sg -fylle1 pl -fyllonpret 3 sg -feldepp -fylledpl -fyllede[full]

Page 294ge-fylsta m helper

ds -fylstange-fylstan WI help (w dat)

pret 3 sg -fylstege-fyrn adv formerlygefyrn r

ge-gaderian WII gather, collect, assemble (transand intrans)

3 sg -gaderaDpret 3 sg -gaderode, -gaderade3 pl -gaderodonpp -gaderodpl -gaderode

ge-gdrian see: gdriange-gan (cf gan) irreg happen

pret 3 sg geeodege-gangan R obtain (trans)ge-grwan see: ge-gearwiange-gearwian (-gwan, dial) WII prepare

imp 2 sg -gearwapret 3 sg -odepret opt 3 sg -gearwode

ge-glengan WI adornpret 3 sg geglengdepp glenged

ge-godian WII endowpret 3 sg -godode[god]

ge-gremian WII enragepp -gremodpl -gremode[grom]

ge-grpan (principal parts: pret sg: -grap pret pl:-gripon pp: -gripen ) 1 seize

41

ge-gyddian WII sing, utterpret 1 sg -gyddode

ge-gyrela m robe, dress, garmentnp gegyrelan

ge-hadian WII ordainpret 3 sg gehadodepp gehadod

ge-hal adj wholege-hlan WI heal (trans)

3 sg -hlDopt 3 sg -hlepret 2 sg -hldest2 pl -donpp pl -hlde

ge-halgian WII hallow, consecratepp gehalgodpl -ade, -ode

ge-hatan (principal parts: pret sg: -het pret pl:-heton pp: -haten ) Rpromise1 sg -hatepret 2 sg -hetenamepp gehatenpl gehatene

ge-hat-land n promised landgs -landes

ge-hawian WII look at, reconnoitrepret 3 sg -hawade

ge-healdan (principal parts: pret sg: -heold pretpl: -heoldon pp: -healden ) R hold, protect, main-tain, observe

3 sg geheltopt 3 sg -healde3 pl -danpret 3 pl -holdonpret opt 3 sg -heoldepp gehealdan

ge-healtsumnis f captivityds -nysse

ge-hefigian WII weigh down, oppresspp gehefgad

ge-hegan WI effect, hold (an assembly)ge-helpan 3 help (w dat)ge-hende (adv) prep near (w dat)Page 295ge-heran see: ge-herange-hergian WII capture (by harrying)

pp gehergodge-hieran (-hyran -hran -heran) WI hear

ger -hyranneptc -hyrende2 sg -hyrst3 sg -hyreD3 pl -hyraDimp 2 sg -her, -here2 pl -hyraDopt 3 sg -hyre1 pl -hyron2 pl -hyran3 pl -hyrenpret 2 sg -hyrdest3 sg -hyrde

ge-hilt n hiltge-hran see: ge-herange-hwian WII form, fashion

3 sg -hwaDge-hleapan R leap (upon a horse), mount

pret 3 sg -hleopge-hleotan 2 cast or draw lots

pret 3 sg -hleatge-hlystan WI listen

pret 3 pl -hlystonge-hngan WI humble, cast down

pret 3 sg hnde[hngan]

ge-hola m protectorgp geholena[helan]

ge-hreosan 2 fall, perish3 sg gehrst

ge-hwa pron eachgs gehwsds gehwaamas gehwone, gehwane

ge-hwanon adv from every quarterge-hwr adv everywherege-hwDer pron both, either

as -hwre, -hwerege-hwelc see: gehwilcge-hwerfan see: ge-hwyrfange-hwilc (ge-hwylc, ge-hwelc) each, every (plall)

np gehwyilceds gehwilcumis gehwylceas gehwylcneanra gehwylc each oneanra gehwilcum, heora freonda gehwilcum,

hiera ... gehwelcum

42

anra manna gwheylcneuhtna gehwylc

ge-hwyrfan (-hwierfan, -hwerfan) turn,change, convert

2 sg -hwyrfestpret 3 sg -hwyrfdepp pl gehwyrfede, gwhwerfede

ge-hydan WI hide, conceal, guard3 sg gehytpret 3 sg gehydde

ge-hygd f n mind, thought, purposege-hyhtan WI have hope, trustge-hyran see: ge-herange-hyrdan WI oppress

pret 3 sg gehyrde[heard]

ge-hyrnes (-hernes) f hearingds -nesse

ge-hyrsumian WII hear, obey (w dat)imp 2 pl -hyrsumiaD

ge-can see: ge-ecange-ct see: ge-ecange-ecan (-can -ycan) WI increase, add to

inf -canpp gect[eac]

Page 296ge-lccan WI seize, catch, take

pret 3 sg gelhtege-ldan WI lead

3 sg geltopt 3 sg -ldepret 3 sg -lddepl -lddon

ge-lred pp adj learnednp gelrede, -edansupl ap gelredestan

ge-lstan WIperform, carry out (trans)2 sg -lsteopt 3 sg -lstepret 3 sg -lstehelp, stand by (intr w dat)[Ger leisten]

ge-laDian WII invite, summonpret 2 sg -laDodestpp -laDod[Ger ein-laden]

ge-laDung f (invitation), church, congregationgs -laDunge

ge-leafa m belief, faithds -leafan

ge-leaffull adj believingns -leaffulagp -leaffulra

fe-leaffulnes f belief, faithas -nesse

ge-lecgan WI laypp geled

ge-lefan see: ge-liefange-lendan WIcome to land, come, gopp gelendendow with landspret 3 sg gelende[land]

ge-leofan see: ge-lefange-leornian (-liornian) WII learn

pret 1 sg -liornode3 sg -leornode, -leornade3 pl -donpp -liornod, -leornad

ge-lettan WI hinder, preventpret 3 sg gelette

ge-lc adjlike, resembling, same (as adjective standing

alone)as gelcanlike, resembling, same w datnp gelcesupl ns gelcost, gelcast

ge-lc n similaritygs gelces

ge-lca m equalge-lce adv in like mannerge-lcian WII please (w dat)

pret opt 3 sg -lcodegelcnes f likeness

as gelycnyssege-lefan (-lyfan -lefan -leofan) WI believe (wacc, dat, or gen)

inf -lyfan, -lefan, -leofanger -lyfanneptc -lyfende1 sg -lefe, -lefeopt 2 pl -leofon3 pl -lefen, lefon, -lyfonpret 1 sg -lyfdepp -lyfedpp -gelyfed, filled with belief, believing, adj

43

ge-lf-fstan WI make alive, quickenpret 3 sg gelffste

ge-limpan -lomp -lumpon -lumpen happenpret -lamp 3 sg

ge-limplc adj fitting, suitableas -limplcedp gelimplcum, adv, by chance

Page 297ge-loglan WII lay, deposit

pret 3 sg, -logode3 pl -don

ge-lome adv often, repeatedlyge-lomlcian WII become frequentge-lustfullian WII please (w dat)

pret 3 sg -fullodege-lustfullce adv willingly

comp gelustfullcorge-lyfan see: ge-lefange-lyfed (-lefed, pp) adj weak, infirm

gs gelyfdre[lef; Mod left (hand)]

ge-lyhtan WI illumine, give sight topret 3 sg -lyhte

ge-lysan WI release, break, tearpp gelysed

ge-maglc adj importunatege-magnys f importunityge-mah (ge-mag) adj malicious, wickedge-mlan WI speak

pret 3 sg -mldegeman see: gemange-mana m intercourse; joining (of weapons)

gs gemanange-mne adj common [Ger gemein]ge-mnelce adv in common, generallyge-mre n boundary, borderge-maDel n talking, interview, harangue

gs -maDelesge-mearc n boundary, limit

gs -mearcesge-mearcian WII mark, designate

3 sg -mearcaDpp -mearcad

ge-met n measureds gemeteis gemete, degreeas gemet, metre

ge-met adj meet, fitge-metan WI meet with, find

2 sg -metest

2 pl -metaDopt 3 pl -metonpret 3 sg mette3 pl -on, -myttonpp gemett, gemet

ge-meteng (gemeting) f meeting, assemblyge-metgian WII moderate, temper, restrain, reg-ulate

3 sg -metagaDopt 3 sg -metgige

ge-metgung f measure, regulation, orderas -metgungeap -metgunga

ge-metlce adv moderatelyge-miltsian WII show mercy (w dat)

imp 2 sg gemiltsage-molsnian WII moulder, decay

3 sg -molsnapp pl -molsnode

ge-mong n crowd, throngds gemongein gemonge (prep w dat) among

ge-mot n meeting, assembly, council, concourse,encounter

gs gemotesge-munan PP remember, call to mind, be mindfulof

1 sg geman3 sg gemonimp 2 sg gemyne, gemune2 pl gemunaDpret 1 sg gemundepret opt 3 pl gemundonimp 2 sg gemunopt 3 sg gemynepret 3 sg gemunde

Page 298ge-mundbyrdan WI protect

pret opt 3 sg gemundbyrdege-mynd f n memory

ds -myndeas -mynd

ge-myndgian (-myngian) WII keep in mind, re-member

pret 3 sg -myndgadege-myndig adj mindful of (w gen)ge-myntan WI have in mind, intend

pret 3 sg -myntepp gemynt

gen (gena, gen gena) adv yet, still, even

44

ge-neadian WI compelpp geneadad, geneded

ge-neahhe (ge-nehe) adv enough, frequently, of-tenge-nea-lcan WI approach

ptc -lcende, -lecendepret 3 pl -lhton

ge-neat m companion [Ger Genosse]ge-nehe see: ge-neahhege-neosian WII visit, approach, (trans)

3 sg -neosaDpret 3 sg -ode

ge-nerian WI save, rescue, preserve3 sg -nereDpret 3 sg -neredepp pl generode

ge-nihtsum adj sufficient, aboundingap -sume

ge-nihtsumian WII suffice3 sg genihtsumaD3 pl -iaD

ge-nihtsumlce adv sufficientlyge-nihtsumnes f sufficiency

gs -nyssege-niman (principal parts: pret sg: nom,nam pretpl: nomon,namon pp: numen ) 4 take

imp 2 pl genimaDopt 3 sg genime (reflex, collect oneself)pret opt 3 sg gename

ge-nip n mist, cloud, darknessap genypu

ge-npan 1 become darkpret 3 sg genap

ge-niDerian (-nyDerian) WII cast down, abase,condemn

pp geniDerod, genyDerodge-niDerung (-nyDerung) debasement, wicked-ness

ap -nyDerungage-nwian WII renew

pp genwadge-noh (ge-nog) adj enoughge-notian WII use, consume

pp as genotudnePage 299geofon n sea, ocean

gs geofonesge-ofrian (-offrian) WII offer

pret opt 3 pl geofrodon

geogoD (giogoD, iugoD) f youth; gioguD (youngpersons, collect.) (???)

ds geoguDegeomor adj sad

as geomran[Ger Jammer]

geomor-mod adj of sorrowful moodnp -mode

geomrung f lamentation, moaningds -ungaas -unge

geond (giond) prep (w acc) throughout (placeand time)geond-faran 6 traverse

3 pl -faraDgeond-hweorfan 3 pass over, traverse

3 sg -hweorfeDgeond-lacan (principal pa