octo twin origins of variance in the old-old general presentation boo johansson national institute...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OCTO TwinOrigins of Variance in the Old-Old
General presentationBoo Johansson
National Institute on Aging: AG 08861
Life span
![Page 3: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Friday Harbor Psychometrics Workshop 2010
Acknowledgements
• Funded in part by Grant R13AG030995-01A1 from the National Institute on Aging
• The views expressed in written conference materials or publications and by speakers and moderators do not necessarily reflect the official policies of the Department of Health and Human Services; nor does mention by trade names, commercial practices, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
![Page 4: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Major Swedish Longitudinal Aging Studies ..at that time
- population-based
- longitudinal design - possible to conduct
- informative
H70 (70+), OCTO (84+), …. SATSA (55+) ….??
![Page 5: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Background for the OCTO Twin Study
- Observations of substantial individual differences in rate and patterns of aging - Understanding the origins of this variability is of fundamental importance – What are the relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences?
- Limited information about the oldest old age segement in the above respect
1988
![Page 6: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The planning for a Twin Study of the Old-Old (80 +) started ~ 20 years ago (1988)
H70,OCTO, SATSA
..the missing ‘piece’
OCTO Twin
![Page 7: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
OCTO Twin - OVERALL AIM
• To estimate the relative contributions of environmental and genetic influences to the variability in health and biobehavioral functioning …..
• at each measurement occasion as well as to longitudinal change and continuity during inter-occasion intervals
![Page 8: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
..in a life span genetic and environmental influenceperspective
![Page 9: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
An individual difference approach focus on variance among individuals within a population
------------------------Directs our attention to the origins of variability
within an age group
-----------------------Thus,
we become compelled to search for the fundamental sources for observed differences
in a specific phenotype
![Page 10: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The prototypic twin design
Monozygotic (MZ) pairsand
Dizygotic (like-sex) pairs
• compared with respect to intra-pair similarities
![Page 11: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MZ - monozygotic twins share 100% of all genetic influences
![Page 12: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Same birthday Same parents
DZ - dizygotic twins share on average 50% of genetic influences
![Page 13: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 3 Wave 4 Wave 5
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999March May April March March
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002March March March March March
The OCTO Twin Design
5 measurement occasions, 2-years apart
![Page 14: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Domains at focus
Health and functional capacityCognitive functioning Personality and personal controlPsychological well-beingInterpersonal functioning
Using largely the same measures as in reference studies (H70, OCTO, SATSA
![Page 15: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Health and functional capacity
- Self-rated health- Self-reported medical history (”checklist”)
- Sensory (Vision, hearing)- PB, Pulse, BMI - Functional tests of balance and gait- Grip strength, lung capacity
- Contacts with the health care system (district nurse, physicans, and hospital)- Information from medical (ICD-10 coded) and dental records - Medications (ATC –codes)
- Blood chemistry panel
![Page 16: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Memory and Cognition
- Cog.status – MMSE, Clock Test, Coin Test - Inductive reasoning – figure logic- Psychomotor speed - Psif, Digit-Symbol- Visuospatial ability – Koh’s Block- Primary memory – Digit Span- Semantic memory – Synonyms - Information- Episodic memory – Prose, MIR, Thurstone Picture memory
![Page 17: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Dementia work-up individuals suspected for dementia
- Review of memory and cognitive tests- Informant neuropsychological interview- Review of medical records and supplement information
- A consensus diagnosis conference (DSM, ICD, NINCDS-ADRA, NINDS-AIREN, etc)
![Page 18: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Personality and Personal Control
- Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI)- Global Locus of Control- Heatlh Locus of Control
![Page 19: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Psychological Well-being
- Life Satisfaction Scale (LSI-Z)- Depressive symptoms scale (CES-D)- Open ended questions, e.g. significant life events
![Page 20: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Interpersonal functioning
- Social networks- Contact frequencies- Confidants- Loneliness
![Page 21: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Functional capacity
- ADL Apparatus Test- ADL and IADL Scales (Self and RN ratings) - Need for help in ADL/IADL- Home help/institutional care- Technical aids, mobility, hearing, vision
![Page 22: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Testing session
![Page 23: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Supplement information
Twin Registry Ratings by RNs’ and PDMedical recordsDental records
Death certificates
Dementia work-up Autopsy/neuropathology
![Page 24: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Procedure
- In-person/individual examinations in place of residence across the country
- by trained and supervised RNs- using a broad-based biobehavioral battery
Members of a twin pair never investigated by same RN to avoid expectation bias.
The RNs’ blind to zygosity.
![Page 25: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The OCTO Twin Sample
• Twins in complete pairs, 80 years and older at baseline (< 1913)
• MZ (monozygotic) twin pairs (N=149) and same-sex DZ (dizygotic) twin pairs (N=202)
• All survivors followed longitudinally across
5 waves, 2-years apart
![Page 26: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Population selection in OCTO Twin: Number of tested individuals and pairs across waves (8y)
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5
MZ DZ MZ DZ MZ DZ MZ DZ MZ DZ
Pairs 149 202 98 137 65 79 43 43 20 23
Men 56 61 38 40 22 23 12 10 5 4Women 93 141 60 97 43 56 32 33 15 19
Total 351 235 144 86 43
MZ % 42,5 41,7 45,1 50,0 46,5
Individuals298 404 235 333 178 252 142 173 100 122
Men 112 122 90 101 65 77 47 43 31 26Women 186 282 145 232 113 175 95 130 69 96 Total 702 (704) 568 430 315 222
MZ % 42,5 41,4 41,4 45,1 42,5
R-rate > 90%
![Page 28: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
• SATSA• OCTO Twin
• Gender• Harmony
Ongoing Swedish Twin Studieson Aging
![Page 29: OCTO Twin Origins of Variance in the Old-Old General presentation Boo Johansson National Institute on Aging: AG 08861 Life span](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070418/56649f145503460f94c289ab/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Boo Johansson