object-oriented approach to gis data management

OBJECT-ORIENTED OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH TO GIS APPROACH TO GIS

DATA MANAGEMENTDATA MANAGEMENTTomáš Richta, Jiří ŽáraTomáš Richta, Jiří Žára

Computer Graphics GroupComputer Graphics GroupDepartment of Computer Science and EngineeringDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering

Czech Technical University in PragueCzech Technical University in PragueKarlovo nam. 13 Karlovo nam. 13

Prague (Czech Republic)Prague (Czech Republic)E – mail: [email protected], [email protected] E – mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Richta T., Žára J. OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH TO GIS DATA MANAGEMENT

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OutlineOutline

►MotivationMotivation►IntroductionIntroduction►Previous WorkPrevious Work►Conclusion and future workConclusion and future work►DiscussionDiscussion


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MotivationMotivation

►superior goalssuperior goals city geographical information system city geographical information system

development (3D city GIS)development (3D city GIS) detailed capturing and modelling of detailed capturing and modelling of

buildingsbuildings applicability of explicit informationapplicability of explicit information

►discovered issuesdiscovered issues CAD and GIS integrationCAD and GIS integration GIS architectureGIS architecture GIS data managementGIS data management


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IntroductionIntroduction

►CAD and GIS integrationCAD and GIS integration key point = common data managementkey point = common data management

►GIS architectureGIS architecture non-transparent and expensive solutionsnon-transparent and expensive solutions insufficient adaptability and extensibilityinsufficient adaptability and extensibility

►GIS data managementGIS data management old-style techniques (RDBMS)old-style techniques (RDBMS) unsatisfactory interoperabilityunsatisfactory interoperability


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Introduction 2Introduction 2

►Survey of related papersSurvey of related papers opened and topical problemopened and topical problem many experimental solutionsmany experimental solutions few applicable solutionsfew applicable solutions no universal solutionno universal solution

►Predominant viewPredominant view GIS architecture change neededGIS architecture change needed next generationnext generation data management neededdata management needed more object-orientation neededmore object-orientation needed


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Previous WorkPrevious Work

►GIS/CAD integrationGIS/CAD integration►3D GIS data model3D GIS data model►An object-oriented approachAn object-oriented approach►3D GIS data management3D GIS data management


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GIS/CAD integrationGIS/CAD integration

► GIS aspectsGIS aspects landscape-level analysis landscape-level analysis

and mappingand mapping advanced information toolsadvanced information tools mostly 2D modellingmostly 2D modelling database baseddatabase based optimized for data retrievaloptimized for data retrieval 1:5000 scale and below1:5000 scale and below constrained editing constrained editing

environmentenvironment

► CAD aspectsCAD aspects object-level design and object-level design and

draftingdrafting advanced drawing toolsadvanced drawing tools 3D modelling3D modelling file basedfile based optimized for data designoptimized for data design 1:40-5000 scale1:40-5000 scale unconstrained editing unconstrained editing

environment environment

geogeo--datadata storestore vsvs modelling toolmodelling tool


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3D GIS data model3D GIS data model

►Examples of 3D data modelsExamples of 3D data models FDS – MolenaarFDS – Molenaar TEN - PiloukTEN - Pilouk UDM – CoorsUDM – Coors SSS – ZlatanovaSSS – Zlatanova OO3D - Shi et al.OO3D - Shi et al. GeoToolKit - Balovnev et alGeoToolKit - Balovnev et al..

quite similar – deal with basic geometry


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UDM, SSS – Coors, ZlatanovaUDM, SSS – Coors, Zlatanova


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GeoToolKit - Balovnev et alGeoToolKit - Balovnev et al..


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City data modelCity data model


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Building data modelBuilding data model


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An object-oriented An object-oriented approachapproach

► structural object orientationstructural object orientation - any entity, - any entity, independent of whatever complexity and structure, independent of whatever complexity and structure, may be represented by exactly one objectmay be represented by exactly one object

► operational object orientationoperational object orientation – operations on – operations on complex objects are possible without having to complex objects are possible without having to decompose the objects into a number of simple decompose the objects into a number of simple objectsobjects

► behavioural object orientation behavioural object orientation – a system must allow – a system must allow its objects to be accessed and modified only through its objects to be accessed and modified only through a set of operations specific to an object type a set of operations specific to an object type

► four main conceptsfour main concepts encapsulationencapsulation, , inheritance, object identity, polymorphisminheritance, object identity, polymorphism


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3D GIS data management3D GIS data management

►Weaknesses of the RDBMSWeaknesses of the RDBMS poor representation of “Real World” entitiespoor representation of “Real World” entities semantic overloadingsemantic overloading poor support for integritypoor support for integrity homogenous data structurehomogenous data structure limited operationslimited operations difficulty handling recursive queriesdifficulty handling recursive queries impedance mismatchimpedance mismatch other problemsother problems

► Experts agree that itExperts agree that it i is necessary to move to s necessary to move to the next generation of DBMS – object serversthe next generation of DBMS – object servers


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3D GIS data management3D GIS data management 22

►Strengths of the OODBMSStrengths of the OODBMS enriched modelling capabilities extensibility removal of impedance mismatch more expressive query language support for schema evolution support for long duration transactions applicability to advanced database applications improved performance

►OODBMS offer the way to evolve the OODBMS offer the way to evolve the GISGIS


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Conclusion and future Conclusion and future workwork

►Development of a new 3D GIS should Development of a new 3D GIS should covercover Object-oriented approachesObject-oriented approaches Object-oriented developmentObject-oriented development Object-oriented data modellingObject-oriented data modelling Object-oriented languageObject-oriented language Object-oriented data storeObject-oriented data store


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DiscussionDiscussion

► Your questionsYour questions► Your opinionsYour opinions► Your Your

recommendationsrecommendations

Thanks for Your Thanks for Your patiencepatience

Tomáš Richta, Jiří ŽáraTomáš Richta, Jiří ŽáraComputer Graphics GroupComputer Graphics GroupDepartment of Computer Department of Computer Science and EngineeringScience and Engineering

Czech Technical University in Czech Technical University in PraguePrague

Karlovo nam. 13 Karlovo nam. 13 Prague (Czech Republic)Prague (Czech Republic)

E – mail: E – mail: richtt1@[email protected], , zarazara@@felfel..cvutcvut..czcz

object-oriented approach to gis data management

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