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CHAP # 1

Organizational Behavior- systematic study of the actions and attitudesthat people exhibit withinorganizations

Systematic study - the use of scientific evidence gathered undercontrolled conditions and measured and interpreted in a reasonably

rigorous manner to attribute cause and effect

Determinants of Employee Performance

Productivity Absenteeism Turnover

Organizational citizenship

Discretionary behavior

Not part of an employee's formal job requirements Promotes the effective functioning of the organization

Examples of Organizational Citizenship

Helping others on one's work team Volunteering for extra job activities Avoiding unnecessary conflicts Making constructive statements about one's work group and the

overall organization

Job Satisfaction

Theres a link between satisfaction and productivity. Satisfaction appears to be negatively related to absenteeism and

turnover. Managers have a humanistic responsibility to provide their

employees with jobs that are challenging, intrinsically rewarding,and satisfying.

Organization

Consciously coordinated social unit Composed of two or more people Functions on a continuous basis to achieve a common goal Characterized by formal roles that define the behavior of its

members

Contributing Disciplines

Psychologyseeks to

measure,explain,and changebehavior

Sociologystudies

people inrelation totheirfellowhumanbeings

Socialpsychology

focuses ontheinfluence ofpeopleon oneanother

Anthropologyis the

study ofsocietiestolearn abouthumanbeings andtheir

Politicalscience is

the studyof thebehavior ofindividualsand groupswithin a

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activities politicalenvironment

Goals of Organizational Behavior

Explain, predict, and control human behavior

Challenges and Opportunities for OB

Typical employee is getting older More women and minorities in the workplace Global competition is requiring employees to become more flexible Historical loyalty-bonds that held many employees to their

employers are being severed

Responding to Globalization

Increased Foreign Assignments Working with People from Different Cultures Coping with Anti-Capitalism Backlash Overseeing Movement of Jobs to Countries with Low-cost Labor

Managing Diversity

Workforce diversity -organizations are becoming a moreheterogeneous mix of people in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, andsexual orientation

Diversity Implications

Managers have to shift their philosophy from treating everyone aliketo recognizing differences and responding to those differences inways that ensure employee retention and greater productivity.

Improving Quality and Productivity

Quality management Process reengineering

Quality Management

1) Intense focus on the customer2) Concern for continual improvement3) Improvement in the quality of everything the organization does4) Accurate measurement 5) Empowerment of employees

Process Reengineering

Evaluating process in termsof contribution to goals

Inefficient processes thrownout and new systemsintroduced

Redefines jobs and requiresmost employees to undergotraining

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OB Insights-Improving People Skills

Improving Customer Service - Empowering People Working in Networked Organizations - Stimulating Innovation and

Change