o2 therapy presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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Clinical fundamental of nursing
Oxygen(O2) therapy
Prepared by : Lana badawi
Instructed by : Mustafa sholi
Ibn Sina College
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Oxygen(O2) therapy
Outline and objectives:
1. Introduction and definition
2. Indication
3. O2 delivery system
4. Advantages and disadvantages
5. Side effects
6. Nursing action
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Introduction
Oxygen is an odorless, tasteless, colorless, and transparent gas .That is slightly heavier than air. Because oxygen supports combustion, there is always danger of fire, when oxygen is being used, oxygen can be dispensed from a cylinder, piped in system, liquid oxygen reservoir or oxygen concentrated
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lower Airway
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Gas exchange
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Definition
What is the O2 therapy ???
Providing a adequate oxygen in the blood , while decreasing the work of breathing and reducing stress in the myocardium
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Indication to use Oxygen
Main condition
Hypoxia
Hypoxemia
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Mechanisms of Hypoxia
Aerobic Metabolism requires:
O2 utilization
O2 Delivery O2 Utilization
O2 Delivery
Shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism
Increase Lactic acid
Cell Death
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Indication
Short term indication 1. Acute hypoxemia
2. Hypotension
3. Low COP
4. Respiratory distress
5. Angina
6. Dyspnea
7. MI (myocardial infarction)
8. Premature babies
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Indication
Long term indication:1. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
2. Cystic Fibrosis
3. Late stage Heart failure
4. Sleep related breathing disorder
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O2 delivery system
Oxygen may be administered by nasal cannula, various types of masks, head box, tent, catheter, T-piece, Tracheostomy collar . It also applied directly to the endotracheal tube via mechanical ventilator .The method selected depends on the required concentration of oxygen.
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Nasal cannula
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Nasal cannula
Suggested flow rate 1_6 liter / min O2
Provide 24% _44%
Advantages:
Light weight ,comfortable ,inexpensive , continuous use with meals and activities
Disadvantages:
Nasal mucosa , drying , variable fio2
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Masks
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Masks
Suggested flow rate 5_12 L/min
Provide 40%_100%
Advantages:
Simple to use , inexpensive , High O2 concentration , Good humidity , accurate fio2 (depend on mask type)
Disadvantages:
must remove to feeding , Poor fitting , Uncomfortable
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Catheter
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Catheter
Suggested flow rate 1_6 L/min
Provide 23%_40%
Advantages:
Inexpensive
Disadvantages:
Variable fio2,requires frequent change ,gastric distension can occur
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Head box or tent
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Head box or tent
Suggested flow rate 8_10 L/min
Provide 30%_100%
Advantages:
Fairly accurate fio2
Disadvantages:
Bulky , compression
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T-piece
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T-piece
Suggested flow rate 8_10 L/min
Provide 30%_100%
Advantages:
Good humidity , accurate fio2
Disadvantages:
Heavy with tubing
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Tracheostomy collar
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Tracheostomy collar
Suggested flow rate 8_10 L/min Provide 30%_100%
Advantages:
Good humidity , accurate fio2
Disadvantages:
uncomfortable some
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ETT (endotracheal tube) with mechanical ventilator
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Mechanical ventilator Can control:- Tidal volume.
- Rate
- Fraction of inspired oxygen(FIO2)
- Peak airway inspiratory pressure (PIP)
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
- positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)
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Complication of ETT and mechanical ventilator
1- Air way obstruction(thickened secretions, mechanical problems with artificial airway or ventilator circulatory.
2- Tracheal damage 3- pulmonary infection 4- Barotrauma (pneumothorax) 5-Decrease cardiac output 6- Other GI complication
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O2 therapy side effects
Oxygen Toxicity.Oxygen Paradox.Depression of Respiratory Center.Oxygen Poisoning.Complications in newborns
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Nursing action :
1- Determined the current vital signs ,level of consciousness, and most recent ABG’s
2- Check the vital signs 3- Assess risk for co2 retention with o2
administration 4- Make sure that the humidifier that is filled to the
appropriate mark 5- Set the flow rate at prescribed liter per minute . 6- Feel to determine if oxygen is flowing
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Nursing action:
7- Determine patient comfort with oxygen use .
8- Remove mucus or saliva from the o2 device.
9- Monitor closely to ensure an accurate floe arte for specific Fio2
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ANY QUESTION ????
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