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Learning NVivo 10Tutorial 2

Working With Sources

Leonie Daws



© Copyright 2012 Leonie Daws

First written by Lyn Richards and published as the Teach Yourself NVivo 7 Tutorials in 2006

and reprinted, with revisions for Version 8 by Sue Bullen and Fiona Wiltshier of QSR, in 2008.

Fully revised for Version 9, with permission, by Leonie Daws, Kihi Consultancies.

Acknowledgements to Jane O’Shea and Patricia Lisle for their invaluable editorial assistance for the

2011 revised edition.

These tutorials are copyright to ensure that they are not reproduced partially or in ways that distort their

content. They may not be reproduced without permission.

Please contact [email protected] for permission to reproduce them in a research or teaching situation.

mailto:[email protected]?subject=NVivo%20Workshop%20Manual%20Enquiry






i

Contents

Contents ........................................................ ................................................................. ............................ i

Introduction ........................................................................................................ ...................................... 1

Part A: Creating and importing textual sources ............................................................. ........................... 2

About textual sources: documents, memos and externals ................... ................................................. 3

Choosing how you work in NVivo ....................................................................................................... 3

Typical work flow ........................................... .............................................................. ................... 3

Making sources ............................................................... .............................................................. ........ 5

Import a document into Internals ................................................................ ...................................... 5

Import a PDF file ........................................................ .............................................................. ........ 7

Create a new source in NVivo .......................................................................................... ................ 8

Recording external data .................................................................................. .................................... 10

Add an External for a digital file ................................................................................... ................. 10

Add an External for a website .............................................. .......................................................... 12

Add an External for a book .............................................................. ............................................... 13

Saving and backing up ............................................................... ......................................................... 15

Part B: Making multimedia sources ........................................................ ............................................... 16

About multimedia sources ......................................................................................... ......................... 16

Importing multimedia sources ........................................................................ .................................... 16

Import a source ........................................................... .............................................................. ...... 16

Storing multimedia source files ....................................................... ............................................... 17

Restoring the file path for a file that is not embedded .................................................................... 18

Working with images .......................................... .............................................................. ................. 19

Working with video sources ............................................................................................................... 21

Create a transcript entry ........................................................ .......................................................... 22

Import transcript entries.................................................................................................................. 25

Working with audio sources ............................................................................................................... 26

Part C: Using framework matrices .......................................................... ............................................... 28

Laying the foundations for using a framework matrix ............. .......................................................... 29

Make subfolders in the Nodes folder .......................................................... .................................... 29

Use sources to create case nodes ................................................................................... ................. 29

Create nodes for themes ................................................................................................................. 30

Creating a new framework matrix ........................................................................................ .............. 31

Working with a framework matrix ................................ ................................................................ ..... 33

Enter a summary based on source content ............................................................. ......................... 33

Make and view a summary link ....................................................... ............................................... 34

Review your framework matrix ....................................................... ............................................... 35

Share your framework matrix .......................................................... ............................................... 35

Storing framework matrix summaries ...................................... .......................................................... 36



1

Introduction NVivo uses the term Sources to refer to any documents or files that may serve as data for your project.The program provides four ways of working with data within an NVivo project:

Internals are data files which can either be created within, or imported into, NVivo. NVivo

stores a copy of the file in its database. The file is then available to be edited or coded directlyfrom within the program. For imported files, the original file still resides outside the project and is

unaffected by any changes made subsequently in NVivo.

Externals store information and ideas about data files that cannot be imported, or that youchoose not to import, such as a book or a collection of maps. Data of these kinds are represented in

NVivo by a blank document in which you can record quotes, observations or reflections about the

external file. If the original file is a digital file, its pathway can be entered in the External’s

properties and the file can be opened in its native program via a hyperlink from within NVivo.

Memos provide a place to store your thoughts and reflections. Such writings also constitute datafor your project and NVivo offers a distinct place for this so it is readily separated from data you

have collected. A memo is a fully editable document and can either be created within NVivo or

imported.

Framework Matrices provide a way for you to summarize or condense your source materials

using a grid. Part C of this tutorial introduces you to working with framework matrices. Tutorial 12

returns to the concept of framework matrices and explores how they may be used in advanced

stages of an NVivo project.

Table 1 shows the icons associated with each type of source file. Note that internals can be text, pdf,

spreadsheet (dataset) or multimedia files (audio, video, picture). Memos can only be text files. Table 2

lists the source file formats that can be imported into and stored within an NVivo project. Sources in

any format other than those listed in Table 2 should be represented by Externals.

Table 1: Icons representing different source types in NVivo

Source Type Icon

Text document

Pdf file

Audio file

Video file

Picture

Dataset

External

Memo

Framework Matrix



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Table 2: Sources and formats which can be imported and stored within an NVivo Project

Source Type F il e formats

Documents andMemos

Microsoft Word Document (.docx)

Microsoft Word 97 - 2003 Document (.doc)

Rich text (.rtf)

Plain text (.txt)PDFs

PDF (.pdf)

Datasets Microsoft Excel workbook (.xlsx)

Microsoft Excel 97 - 2003 workbook (.xls)

A database table or view e.g., Microsoft Access or SQL Server

Comma or tab-delimited text files (.txt)

Audio MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 (.mp3)

MPEG-4 audio format (.m4a)

Microsoft Windows Media (.wma, .wav)

Video MPEG file formats (.mpg, .mpeg, .mpe, .mp4)

Windows Media ( .avi, .wmv)

QuickTime (.mov, .qt)

3G Mobile Phone format (.3gp)

AVCHD High Definition formats (.mts, .m2ts)

Pictures Windows bitmap (.bmp)

Graphic Interchange Format (.gif)

Joint Photographics Expert Group (.jpg, .jpeg)

Tagged Image File Format (.tif, .tiff)

Part A deals with creating and importing textual sources, including Documents, PDFs, Memos and

Externals. For instructions on working with Audio, Video and Picture sources see Part B. Part C

introduces a very different type of source, Framework Matrices. Datasets are addressed in Tutorial 5.

NCapture, a free web browser extension, comes with NVivo, can extract web-based data, including

web pages and social media data, and make it available for import into NVivo as pdf files or datasets.

Details of how to use NCapture and work with web-based data are presented in Tutorial 6. NVivo is also able to import files that have been exported from EndNote in .xml format, from Evernote

in .enex format and from OneNote in .nvoz format. When these files are imported into NVivo they areconverted into documents or pdfs.

Part A: Creating and importing textual sources In Part A you will:

Learn how to create a sub-folder within a Project folder

Gain experience in both creating and importing text and pdf files.

Place a file in each of the three Source folders: Internals, Externals and Memos.

To do this you will: Import a Microsoft Word document into Internals;

Import a pdf file into Internals

Create a Memo;

Create an External which summarizes and links to a reference or website.

And since at the end of Part A you will have a project underway, it concludes with instructions for a

fourth task:

Back up this precious project file that records your work!

Chapter 2 of Handling Qualitative Data is about making qualitative data, the many ways of

doing so and how to make useful data for your purposes.



3

To review what you need to know about documents, go to Help: Sources>Working with document and

PDF sources.

About textual sources: documents, memos and externalsIn Navigation View, NVivo provides a separate Project folder for each of the three types of sources

described above: Internals, Externals and Memos.Within these folders, you can make sub-folders to manage your sources, each group with its own

folder. Internals, for example, may have separate folders for interviews and focus groups, or memos

may have a folder for theoretical memos and another for methodological notes.

NVivo refers to textual sources created in, or imported into, Internals as Documents. Textual sources

created in, or imported into, Memos are simply referred to as Memos. You have the choice, then, to

create documents or memos within your NVivo project, or to create early research design documents,

letters and so on in a word processor and import them into the relevant project folder later.

Note: you can also ‘create’ an audio or video source, but this only creates a place-holder for a file that

you plan to import at a later date. This will be discussed further in Part B.

Part A takes you through the steps to import a document, pdf or memo, to create a document or memo

in NVivo and to create Externals to keep a record of other sources.

As you become more familiar with NVivo you will see that early attention to

preparation and formatting of sources can save you time later. It makes it

possible for NVivo to take on some of the tasks associated with managing

your data. Preparing Sources for NVivo 10, provides advice on preparing

Word documents, Excel databases and EndNote files. Download this

document from Kihi Consultancies (http://www.kihi.com.au/Resources.aspx).

Choosing how you work in NVivoAs you work through these steps, note that there are always at least two ways of getting to the

commands you wish to give the software - via the Ribbon or by using Context Menus. Familiaritywith these different ways of working with the software will help you find the way that suits you best.

Commonly there are two steps to successfully completing a task in NVivo.

First, inform NVivo where you want to work using Navigation View.

Second, select the command(s) needed to complete the task.

Most commands can be accessed via either the Ribbon or the Context Menu, which is activated with a

Right-Mouse Click. For some menu items there are also key-based short cuts.

Typical work flowMaking a new folder to contain a set of interview transcripts.

1. In Navigation View, click to select where the folder is to be located, e.g. Sources>Internals

Figure 1: Navigation View showing the Internals Folder selected

This informs NVivo where you want to work. The following actions provide NVivo with the necessarycommands to complete the task

2. Either

From the Ribbon, go to the Create tab, look for the Collections group and click Folder.

Selected folder

is highlighted

http://www.kihi.com.au/Resources.aspx






4

Figure 2: Ribbon: Create tab>Folder

Or

Right-mouse click on the Folder where you wish to locate your new folder to bring up the Context

Menu, and select the New Folder command.

Figure 3: Context Menu

Either of the two actions described above will open the New Folder dialog.

Remember: the Context Menu is context-sensitive. If the menu

displayed in response to a right-mouse click does not contain thecommand you are seeking, check first that you have selected the

appropriate area within the Project Window. If this still fails to

bring up the desired command, then return to the Ribbon to see if it

is available there.

3. Type the name of the folder, and enter a description if you require it.

Figure 4: New Folder Dialog

4. Click OK to complete the command.

Your new folder will appear below the folder you have selected and is now available to store newsources.

Create tab

Collections group

Folder button

New Folder command



5

Making sourcesData sources in qualitative projects are commonly recorded in text. In the beginning you may have

early research design documents. Later, you can add transcripts of interviews, field notes, survey

responses etc.

As those documents are created, they are usually typed up in your normal word processor. These

documents can be imported directly into your project in NVivo. Remember, files can be in Wordformat (.doc or .docx), in rich text format (.rtf) or in plain text (.txt). If you use Word files, they can

include pictures or tables or other embedded objects, and you will be able to view, code and retrieve

this content. In this tutorial it is assumed that you are working with Microsoft Word.

Import a document into InternalsBefore beginning this task, prepare by locating a Word document (or several) from your research

project which you can use. If you don’t have a suitable file available, you may wish to write an

informal account of what you are planning to do and call it something like ‘Project Planning’. Save itas a Word (.doc or .docx) file and be sure to put it where it is easy to find.

Remember, first inform NVivo where you want to work, then select the commands appropriate for your

task.1. In your NVivo project, in Navigation View click on the Sources button, and then the Internals

folder.

Check that List View is titled Internals.

2. Click anywhere in the blank section of List View to indicate this is where your document is to be

located when you import it.

Figure 5: List View displaying Internals folder

3. EitherFrom the Ribbon select the External Data tab and from the Import group, click Documents.

Figure 6: Ribbon: External Data Tab>Documents Button

Or

Select Import Internals>Import Documents from the Context Menu.

Click here

Documents Button

External Data Tab

Import Group



6

Figure 7: Context Menu: Import Internals>Import Documents

The Import Internals dialog is displayed.

Figure 8: Import Internals Dialog

Note: there are additional options offered if you click on More. These are discussed in Tutorial 3.

4. Click Browse to select a file to import.

The Import Sources screen opens to allow you to locate files stored elsewhere on your computer, or

on a network or external drive.

Figure 9: Import Sources Screen

5. Locate the document you have prepared and select it.

If you have prepared more than one document, use Shift+Click to select a block of documents orCtrl+Click to select multiple documents that are not in a single sequence. This enables you to import

many documents at once.

6. Click Open.

Import Documents

Select file(s) here

Open button



7

If a single file is imported, the Document Properties are shown. By default, the name of the documentis the name of the file you selected. You can rename or re-describe the document at any time by goingto its Properties.

Figure 10: Document Properties Screen

7. Click OK .

Your document is imported and its name and details appear in List View. To read it, Double Click on

the icon next to its name, and its contents will open in Detail View below.

Figure 11: List View shows document information, Detail View displays document

contents

The document will open in Read Only mode. If you want to edit or cut

and paste text or images, change colors and fonts etc., as if you were

in a word processor, you need to Click to edit, an option available at

the top of Detail View.

8. Close Detail View at any time by clicking on the X on the item’s tab in Detail

View.

You do not need to save a document before closing it. Your document is automatically stored in the

Project database. Everything is securely saved when you save your Project.

Import a PDF fileFollow the steps described above for importing a document except at Step 3 you need to select to

import a PDF instead of a document. Note that PDFs are not editable.

Either

From the Ribbon select the External Data tab and from the Import group, click PDFs.

List View

Detail View

Click to edit



8

Figure 12: Ribbon: External Data Tab>PDFs Button

Or

Select Import Internals>Import PDFs from the Context Menu.

Figure 13: Context Menu: Import Internals>Import PDFs

Note: PDF files do not behave in a consistent fashion. Text can be accessed in some in much the samemanner as text can be accessed in a text document. Others are created by scanning documents and areactually a set of images rather than text based. NVivo handles this by providing two modes for

selecting sections of a PDF, Text and Region. This is discussed in Tutorial 7 Coding.

Create a new source in NVivoDocuments or memos can be created in a project by transcribing directly into NVivo. The program has

a rich text editor, with font and paragraph controls, an Undo button and a spelling checker. However, it

does not have all the word processing functions to be found in Word. Documents and memos createdin NVivo are saved in the project database and can be accessed through the Internals or Memos folders.

Consider a memo you wish to write. Perhaps a record of your own attitudes to, or assumptions about,

what you are researching. This may be a first important contribution to creating a log trail for your

project. Once the memo is created in NVivo, you can continue to enter into it all the changes in your

views (or confirmations of them) that should be logged.

As you’ll see in later tutorials, there are significant advantages in typing directly into NVivo. Any log

trail document can be linked to the data it describes and you can code as you type. But for now, juststart writing.

1. In Navigation View, click on the Sources button, then select the Memos folder.

2. Click in List View to tell NVivo you want to work with the items in that folder.

Now you can choose which way to access the commands.

3. Either

Go to the Create tab on the Ribbon and select Memo from the Sources group.

PDFs Button

External Data Tab

Import PDFs



9

Figure 14: Ribbon: Create Tab>Memo

Or

Right-mouse click within List View to open the Context Menu and select New Memo.

Or

Press Ctrl+Shift+N

4. In the New Memo dialog, name your memo and add a description if you choose to do so.

Figure 15: New Memo Dialog

Descriptions matter! NVivo gives a description option for most project

items. Always use this if your purpose in creating an item may be forgotten

or confused. Storing descriptions to convey purpose assists team members.

5. Click OK

The memo is created and opens in the Detail View in edit mode. In other words, you are now in NVivo’s rich text editor so use heading styles, italics, bold or color as you wish.

It’s important to date the entries in any project journal. You can time-stamp your entries.

6.

Either

From the Home tab on the Ribbon select Insert> Insert Date/Time

Figure 16: Ribbon: Home Tab>Insert>Insert Date/Time

Create Tab

Memo Button

Insert Date/Time

Insert Button

Editing Group



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Or

Press Control+Shift+T.

7. Close the Memo by clicking on the X on its tab in Detail View.

Changes will be automatically saved but, remember to save your project as a whole. You can do this

now by pressing Ctrl+S.

Advice on starting a log trail (diary or journal) can be found in Handling Qualitative Data

pp.49-52.)

Recording external dataFind some data for your project you cannot, or do not want to, bring into the computer – e.g. web

pages, a PowerPoint presentation, books, or a box of newspaper cuttings. In NVivo, such data can be

represented by Externals. Externals are 'proxies' for material not imported into NVivo. You can create

an External, and use it as somewhere to summarize the content of the item it represents — for example,

you might enter interesting quotes from a newspaper clipping or summarize the chapters in a book.

You can then code or annotate this content.

If the external represents a web page or a file on your computer, you can create a link to the web pageor file and easily open it. This is known as an External File because it will not be in your project. If

it’s not on your computer, it’s termed non-file data.

Remember NVivo provides an option to import web pages as pdf files (see Tutorial 6). You have achoice of importing the page or creating an external to represent it.

Add an External for a digital fileIf you have digital files created in a program other than those from which NVivo can import data, or ifyou have large text, video or audio files that you choose not to import, you can represent these in your

project by creating Externals. You can then use the External to open the data file in its native program

when you wish to return to it.

The process of creating a new item should be familiar now – select the folder you will create it in then

find the appropriate command to create the new file.

1. Select Sources and Externals in Navigation View, then click in List View to show you want towork with items in this folder.

2. Either

Go to the Create tab on the Ribbon and click on External in the Sources group.

Or

Right-mouse click in List View to access the Context Menu and choose New External.

3. In the New External dialog, enter the name and any relevant details in the description.

4.

Click the External tab to specify the Type as File link.

The Type can be a File link if the source is a digital file on your computer or Web link if you are

referencing a web page. If you are describing something like a book, that is neither a file on yourcomputer nor a URL, select Other.



11

Figure 17: New External Dialog

5. Click Browse to locate the file on your hard drive.

6.

Select the file you wish to link to and click Open.

7. Optional: You can choose to specify what the Contents are and use this dialogue to create a

template for your External. See Add an External for a book below for an example of a template.

Figure 18: New External Dialog – specifying File path

8. Check the details entered in the New External dialog are correct, then click OK .

The External opens in the Detail View so you can type your summary or reflections. You can copyand paste text and/or images into your External if you wish.

9. Access the original file from within NVivo. Select the External in List View, or click in the open

External in Detail View.

Either

On the Home tab, in the Item group, select Open> Open External File.



12

Figure 19: Selecting Open External File from the Ribbon: Home Tab

Or

Use Context Menu to select Open External File.

Figure 20: Selecting Open External File from the Context Menu

Selecting Open External opens the source you have created within NVivo.

Selecting Open External File opens the linked file in its native program, provided that program is

installed on your computer.

If you opted to create a template by indicating the Contents type, Units and Range, the External willopen with numbered lines ready for you to enter your comments about each section.

Figure 21: External formatted to record itemized entries

Add an External for a website NCapture allows you to convert a web page into a pdf file which can be imported into NVivo. See

Tutorial 6 for instructions on using NCapture. However, if you have found a site, wish to keep the link

to it and record notes on the content, then you can use an External to do this. Jump to the site from

your NVivo project at any time.

1. Make a note of the URL for the web site.

2. Follow the procedure described above to Create an External, including entering in the name and

description.

Home Tab

Open External File

Selected External

O en External File

Context Menu



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3. Click the External tab to specify the type and location of this source.

4. At Type, select Web link from the drop-down menu

5. Type or paste the URL at URL path.

Contents and Units are generally not relevant for a web site so you may leave these options blank.

Figure 22: New External Dialog

6. Click OK .

The External opens in the Detail View so you can type your summary or reflections. You can copyand paste images into your External if you wish.

7. Access the original web site from within NVivo.

Remember, selecting Open External opens the source you have created within NVivo. SelectingOpen External File opens the website in your web browser, provided your computer is connected tothe internet.

Add an External for a bookIf you do not yet have any external data, make an External for Handling Qualitative Data. Any project

requires work with literature, and with an External you can reference and keep connections with books

and articles. Your summary of each chapter, with occasional quotes, is a Source for the project; you

can link it to relevant data in your project and use coding to find passages when they are needed.

Once again, you need to follow the procedure for creating a new item, select the folder you will create

it in, then find the appropriate command to create the new file.

1. Follow Steps 1 to 4 as described when adding an External for a digital file.

2. On the External tab, specify the Type as Other.

Figure 23: New External Dialog with Other selected



14

3. Optional: When you select Other: specify the Location (e.g Library Call Number) what the

Contents are (e.g. Printed document), the Unit (e.g. Chapter) and the Range (e.g. Chapters 1-10).

Figure 24: New External Dialog – specifying template format for a source other

than a digital file or URL

4. Click OK .

Your External appears in Edit mode, ready for you to type in a summary or comments.

If you asked for numbered Units, you have a template into which you can type the summaries of your

external data. Each chapter (or other unit that you’ve specified) has its own paragraph, so you c an put

the summary or your comments at the appropriate place.

Note that you specified 10 chapters, so the External created provides spaces for notes on 10 chapters.

Figure 25: Detail View showing template for an External

As before, type as though you were in a word processor, changing styles, fonts and so on as you wish.

5.

Click after Chapter 1 and press return. Then enter comments and quotes as you read Chapter 1.

When you have finished with Chapter 1, repeat for Chapter 2.

You can insert hyperlinks to a website or images from the book. In later tutorials, you’ll learn how to

link and code this sort of data.

Use List View, as you work. Like the familiar Windows Explorer, it

will allow you to sort using any of the columns in the right pane. As you

bring in more sources, you can view your Documents, Externals or

Memos in alphabetical order, or ordered by amount of coding, date

created or modified, or who created or modified them. You can even

assign colors for your documents and sort by color.



15

Saving and backing upA reminder : NVivo has saved your project in a single file. This single file can now be backed up on a

USB Flash Drive or Network Drive, burnt to a CD, or emailed to a supervisor or colleague. You can do

this either from within the open project, or after you have saved and closed your project.

1. Save your project.

2. Either

In your open project, select File>Manage>Copy Project.

Enter the name of your backup file and check that it will save to an appropriate location.

Hint : add a date to the file name so if you do need to revert to an older version, you can locate the mostrecent backup easily.

Figure 26: Copy to Project File Dialog

The copy is saved and you can continue to work in your original project

Or

Save and close your project. Find the project file in your Documents folder, and make a copy of the

file.

You haven’t created a secure backup until this backup file is copied

elsewhere. A backup on your hard drive is a copy not a backup – reflect

on what happens to it if your hard drive dies or your computer is stolen.

This concludes Part A. You now have a project with textual data, and a good routine for keeping it

safe! In Part B you’ll learn how to make multimedia sources.

Go to Chapters 2 and 3 of Handling Qualitative Data for advice on any of the research

processes associated with the exercises you have undertaken here.



16

Part B: Making multimedia sources Part B is about how to work with multimedia data in NVivo 10. You can choose to work with digital

data such as audio, video or image files. In Part B you will learn how to:

import multimedia sources;

view multimedia sources that have been imported; create or import text records associated with the multimedia sources.

Working with spreadsheets or database files is covered in Tutorial 5.

About multimedia sources NVivo allows you to import multimedia files into folders within the Internals folder in the same way asyou have already imported textual data. For example, for easy access you can store all your interviews

in a single folder which may contain both audio and textual files.

Multimedia sources can then be transcribed, annotated and coded using similar methods as when

working with text data.

Part B takes you through the steps to import a multimedia source and to create and/or import a text

record associated with that source.

Importing multimedia sourcesIf you have data recorded in digital format such as audio, video or image files, you will be able toimport it directly into NVivo. NVivo allows you to import video files and media clips in .mpg, .mpeg,

.mpe, .mp4, .wmv, .avi, .mov, .qt, .3gp, .mts, or .m2ts format, audio files in .mp3, .m4a, .wma or .wav

format and digital photos and pictures in .bmp, .gif, .jpg, .jpeg, .tif or .tiff format.

Follow the steps below to import any of these multimedia source types.

Import a source

1.

In Navigation View in your NVivo project, click on Sources, and then Internals.

Remember you can create your own folders within Internals to organize your data storage.

2. Click in List View to show you want to work with the items in the selected folder.

3. EitherFrom the Ribbon, select the External Data tab, then select Videos, Audios or Pictures, depending onthe type of file you wish to import.

Figure 27: Ribbon showing External Data Tab with Audios selected

Or

Right-mouse click in List View and select Import Audios, Videos or Pictures from the Context

Menu.

External Data Tab

Import GroupAudios Button



17

Figure 28: Context Menu showing Import Internals>Import Audios

4. In the Import Internals dialog, click Browse to select a file to import.

Figure 29: Import Internals Dialog

5. Navigate to where your multimedia files are located. Select a file and click Open.

If you want to import more than one file, use Shift+click to select a block of files or Ctrl+click toselect multiple files that are not in a single sequence. This enables you to import many files at once.

When working with large media files it is advisable to import one file at

a time as large files may take some time to import.

6. Click OK .

Your sources are imported and their names and details appear in List View.

7.

Locate a newly imported source in List View and double click on the icon next to its name.

Its contents will open in Detail View.

Storing multimedia source filesAs video and audio sources can be large in size, NVivo offers options either to embed the entire source

in your project, or to store the media file outside the project. The default limit for files to be

automatically embedded is set at 20MB. This can be increased through File>Options>Audio/Video.

The maximum size for embedded files in a standalone project is 40MB, or 100MB for an NVivo Server

project.

Import Audios



18

Figure 30: Application Options Dialog showing Audio/Video Tab options

Note that the setting chosen applies to both audio and video files.

Restoring the file path for a file that is not embeddedIf the file is stored outside the project the source will work as if it is embedded, as long as the file path

is available.

If the location of the project and/or the location of the stored file are changed, the file path may need to be restored. You can do this as follows

1. Select the Audio or Video in List View

Either

From the Home tab, access the drop-down menu on the Properties button and select Update Media

File Location

Figure 31: Home tab>Properties>Update Media File Location

Select the new file path in the Update File Location dialog and click Open.

Or

Select Properties from the Context Menu

In the Properties window, select the Audio/Video tab, click on Browse to locate the file and recordthe changed file location.

Audio/Video Tab

Embedded file size settin s



19

Figure 32: Audio Properties Dialog

Working with images

1. Import a digital image, or Picture, using the steps set out above for Importing multimedia

sources.

Once you have imported an image file, you can choose whether to add text or comments about theimage as a whole, or about sections of it. (If you do not have a suitable image as part of your researchdata, try a Google search for an image related to your topic which you can use for this activity.)

2. Open the Picture in Detail View.

The Picture is displayed on the left hand side and the Log for the image is displayed on the right handside.

Figure 33: Digital Image and Log displayed in Detail View

A Picture tab is now available on the Ribbon. If you do not wish to use the Log you can hide it by

unchecking it on the Picture tab. There are other controls available from this tab that you may alsowish to explore. Refer to Help: Sources>Picture Sources>Adjust Picture Settings for details of the

additional functionality available via the Picture tab.

Figure 34: Ribbon displaying Picture Tab

Picture Log

Audio Tab

Browse to select file path

Picture Tab



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The Log enables you to enter notes or comments as required. Remember the picture source will have been stored as Read Only.

3. Click Edit on the Home tab, or Click to edit at the top of Detail View, to record a Log entry.

4. Enter a note or comment about the whole image. Click in the Content field of a blank row of the

log and type in your text.

As you start to type, a new row is automatically created to store your next text entry.

Figure 35: Detail View showing log entry for the entire image

5.

Enter a note or comment about a specific section of the image. Click and drag to select therequired region on the image, then right-mouse click in the selected region and choose Insert Row

from the Context Menu.

Figure 36: Detail View showing selection from an image with Context Menu to

Insert Row

A new row is created in the log which specifies the selected region in the Region field. Text can then be entered into the new row as required in the Content field.

To view the Region a log entry refers to, click on the row in the log and the selected region is

highlighted on the image.

Image selection

Content field

Insert Row command



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Figure 37: Detail View showing selection from an image with Region and Log

entry

Working with video sources

1. Import a digital Video file using the steps set out under Importing Multimedia Sources above.

2. Double click on the source in List View to open it.

When you open the source, the Video is displayed on the left hand side of Detail View and theTranscript for the video is displayed on the right hand side.

The Timeline is shown across the top of the Detail View, with the Waveform displayed.

Figure 38: Video in Detail View showing Timeline, Waveform and blank

Transcript Row

The Timeline indicates the time for any section of the video and enables you to navigate to a specific position as required. A Slider at the bottom right of Detail View allows you to alter how much of the

timeline is displayed.

The Transcript enables you to make direct transcriptions and/or record notes or comments as required.

A Media tab is now available from the Ribbon. If you do not want to use the transcript, video or

waveform, you can hide one, two or all of them from view by unchecking the relevant option(s) on theMedia tab.

3.

Play the video - click Play on the Media tab.

Figure 39: Ribbon>Media Tab showing Play

The Playhead will move along the timeline as the video plays.

Image selection

Region Log entry

Timeline

Transcript row

Waveform

Play



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Figure 40: Timeline and Waveform showing Playhead

To move to a different section of the video, click on the Playhead and drag it to the relevant place onthe timeline, the video will then commence playing from this point.

As you will see when you start coding data, you can code the video source directly in NVivo, or you

can use the transcript field to transcribe and make notes or code on the content.

Create a transcript entryTranscript entries can take the form of general comments or notes about the video, which are not

associated with a particular segment, or exact transcription where the text is directly linked to a section

of the video. Both processes are described below.1. Click Edit on the Home tab, or Click to edit at the top of Detail View, to record a Transcript

entry.

2. Enter a note or comment about the whole video. Click in the Content field of a blank row in the

transcript and type in your text.

As you start to type, a new row is automatically created to store your next text entry.

Figure 41: Detail View showing entry in the Content Field of the Transcript Row

3. Transcribe or make notes on a particular section of the video. Click and drag with the mouse on

the Timeline to select the required section.

4. Right-mouse click in the selected section and choose Insert Row from the Context Menu.

Playhead

Content field



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Figure 42: Detail View showing timeline selection and Context Menu

A new row is created in the transcript which specifies the selected section of video in the Timespan field. Text can then be typed into the Content field of the new row as required.

Figure 43: Detail View of Video showing Timespan and Transcript entry

5. Click on a Transcript row which includes a timespan entry to locate the video segment related to

that entry.

The selected section of video is indicated by a pink horizontal stripe shown below the timeline.6. View the video selection. Select the transcript row, right-mouse click and use the Context Menu

to select Play Transcript Media

Timeline selection

Timespan field

Transcript entry

Context Menu

Insert Row

Falar cobre copia de quadro com o menu copiar e sobre a cola em memo ou como nova imagem



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Figure 44: Context Menu displaying Transcript Row actions, including Play

Transcript Media

The Media tab provides you with some additional commands that are useful when you are

transcribing. In particular you may wish to try varying the Playback speed and working with Play

Mode set to Transcribe, which automatically inserts a commencing timespan entry in a blank row

when you start Play and completes the timespan entry when you Stop (see Figure 42).

Figure 45: Section of the Media Tab showing Play Speed and Play Mode controls

The quickest way to work with transcribing is to use short-cut keys

F4 Start and Pause – automatically inserts commencing timespan entry

F8 Stop – automatically inserts ending timespan entry

F9 Skip Back – the default is 5 seconds, press F9 again to skip back again

F10 Skip Forward – to change the default see Help: The NVivo workspace>Set

application options

Play Transcript Media command

Playback

speed control

Play Mode - Transcribe



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Import transcript entriesIf you have already transcribed the content of your video file in Microsoft Word, the transcript can be

imported directly into the transcript area of your source. For details of the formatting required to do

this, see Help: Sources>Audio/Video Sources>Work with audio or video transcripts>Import audio or

video transcripts.

1.

Open the video source in your project, then from the Ribbon, select the Media tab and click on theTranscript Rows button in the Import group.

Figure 46: External Data tab showing Rows selected to import transcript entries

The Import Transcript Entries dialog opens

Figure 47: Import Transcript Entries Dialog

2. Click on the Browse button and navigate to where you have stored your transcript.

3.

Select the required document and click Open.

4. Instruct NVivo how to read your transcript file. Go to Create one transcript row for each… and

select the appropriate format from the drop-down menu.

Check in the Data Preview panel that your file is being read correctly.

5. Complete Transcript Field Mapping using the drop-down menus to map the columns to thecorrect fields. Then click OK.

In the example below, there is already a note, ‘This is Ken’s favourite spot’. When you import the

transcript for the video, NVivo organizes imported entries around existing entries according to their place on the timeline.

Transcript Rows

Transcript Field Mapping



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Figure 48: Imported transcript rows inserted around existing entry, sorted by

timeline position

Working with audio sources

1.

Import a digital Audio file using the steps set out in Importing multimedia sources above.

2. Double click on the source in List View to open it.

When you open the source, the Transcript row for the audio is displayed in the bottom half of Detail

View and the Timeline is displayed across the top, with the Waveform behind it.

Figure 49: Detail view for an audio source showing timeline and transcript fields

The timeline indicates the time for any section of the audio and enables you to navigate to a specific

position as required.

The transcript row enables you to make direct transcriptions and/or make notes or comments asrequired.

If you do not want to use the transcript or waveform, you can hide one or both of them from view byclicking on the relevant option(s) on the Media tab.

3. Play the audio. Click Play on the Media tab.

Figure 50: Section of Ribbon showing Media tab

The Playhead will move along the timeline as the audio plays .

4. To move to a different section of the audio, click on the Playhead and drag it to the relevant place

on the timeline.

The audio will commence playing from the point where the Play head is now located.

Timeline

Waveform

Transcript row

Playhead

Media Tab

Play Button



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You can work with audio sources in the same way as you can work with video sources in NVivo, either

by coding the timeline and waveform directly, or using the transcript field to transcribe, make notes on,

or code the content. Similarly transcripts can be created or imported in the same way as for video

transcripts. See Create a transcript entry and Import transcript entries above for detailed

instructions.

This ends Part B. Part C teaches you about framework matrices and how to work with them.



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Part C: Using framework matrices The Framework Matrix is unique among NVivo sources. It provides you with a convenient tool for

summarizing or condensing other primary source material within your project. You may choose to use

a framework matrix early in your project as a way to begin to make meaning from your data. In later

stages of your analysis, a framework matrix may assist in building theory and/or seeking explanations

for what you have observed. It can be used to explore and capture interactions between concepts, topicsor themes that you have identified through early coding.

A word of caution: this section uses terms you will meet in detail in later tutorials. To understand a

framework matrix as a source, you need to be familiar with these terms:

Nodes: a node is a container for a collection of references to passages in your source material.

References are stored in nodes by coding sources. Nodes are briefly introduced below.

Tutorial 7 looks in detail at how to create nodes and code sources.

Cases: in this context a case is a node that contains the source material for one person,

institution, research site or other basic unit of analysis in your NVivo project. In the example

used below, Ken’s interview transcript has been coded at his case node. Cases and case nodes

are discussed in Tutorial 3.

Before you can create a framework matrix, you need nodes to define the cells in the matrix. Identifycases to analyze, make nodes for these and code the case data there. They will become the rows in your

matrix. Decide on the major concepts, questions, topics or themes that you want to investigate. The

nodes for these will become the columns in the matrix. Note that it is not necessary to have coded data

at thematic or topic nodes in order to use them in a framework matrix.

Part C focuses on basic use of framework matrices as a means of beginning to analyze data. You will:

Create and code case nodes

Create thematic nodes to be applied in a framework matrix

Create a framework matrix.

Apply a framework matrix to commence data analysis.

The components of a framework matrix are shown in Figure 51Figure 1, as they are displayed in Detail

View. In this example, the Rows are cases and the Columns are themes under investigation. TheAssociated View is displaying the content of the first row which is the case for Ken, i.e. the transcript

of Ken’s interview. Example: the cell at the intersection of Row 1 (Ken’s case) and Column B (the

theme Defining volunteer ) contains a summary of what Ken has said on this topic in the passage

highlighted in Associated View.

Figure 51: Detail View showing components of a Framework Matrix

Rows (cases)

Columns (themes) Associated View

Summary

Summary refers to text

from original source



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Laying the foundations for using a framework matrixYour first requirement is to import the source material which you intend to analyze. Then use this

material to create case nodes for each of your participants. A simple example is used for this exercise: a

series of interviews, each of which constitutes a case in the project; and a simple analytical framework

consisting of four themes.

First make folders to contain your new nodes. Then you will learn how to create the basic nodes thatyou will need to define the framework matrix.

Make subfolders in the Nodes folder

1. In Navigation View, click on the Nodes button, then the Nodes folder to select where your new

subfolder is to be located.

Follow the procedure described above (page 3) to create a new folder and name it Cases.

2. Create a second new folder and name it Themes.

Use sources to create case nodesIf you have not yet imported the sources you want to work with you should do so now. Go to Part A

(page 5) if you need to revise how to import documents.

1. In List View, select the sources for which you need to create case nodes.

Use Shift+Click to select a block of sources or Ctrl+Click to select multiple sources that are not in a

single sequence.

2. Either

From the Ribbon, on the Create tab in the Items group, click the Create as Case Nodes button.

Figure 52: Ribbon>Create Tab>Create As Case Nodes

Or

Use the right-click Context menu to select Create As>Create as Case Nodes.

Figure 53: Context Menu showing Create As Case Nodes

Note that it is Create as Case Nodes (plural) that you want, not the single Create as Node



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The Select Location dialog opens.

Figure 54: Select Location dialog showing Nodes and subfolders

3.

In the Select Location dialog, select the folder for Cases, then click OK .

This will create a new node for each selected source, and will code the source at that node.

4. Optionally, you can view the result.

In Navigation View, click on the Nodes button and double-click on the Nodes folder to see the twofolders you created earlier. Click on the Cases folder to display the new case nodes in List View.

Figure 55: List View showing case nodes

Note that List View shows that each node currently codes one source. If you double-click on a node, itscontents will be displayed in Detail View.

Create nodes for themes

1. Select the Themes folder in Navigation View, then click in List View to show you want to work

with items in this folder.

2. Either

Go to the Create tab on the Ribbon and click on Node in the Nodes group.

Or

Right-mouse click in List View to access the Context Menu and choose New Node.

The New Node dialog opens.



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Figure 56: New Node dialog

3. In the New Node dialog, enter the name of a theme you wish to investigate. Optionally you can

add a description. Click OK .

4. Repeat Steps 2 and 3 until you have created nodes for each of the major themes you wish to

investigate.

Creating a new framework matrixYou now have all the items in place which you need to create a framework matrix

1. In Navigation View click on Sources, and then the Framework Matrices folder to indicate thatyou want to work with items in this folder.

2. Either

Go to the Create tab on the Ribbon and click on Framework Matrix in the Sources group.

Or

Right-mouse click in List View to access the Context Menu and choose New Framework Matrix.

The New Framework Matrix dialog opens.

Figure 57: New Framework Matrix Dialog

3. Enter a name for the matrix, and optionally a description.



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4. Click on the Rows tab.

Figure 58: New Framework Matrix dialog showing the Rows tab options

5.

Under Rows click Select.

The Select Project Items dialog opens.

Figure 59: Select Project Items dialog for selecting items to enter into Framework

Matrix Rows and Columns.

Note that the only items available for selection are nodes, or collections containing nodes such as NodeClassifications (see Tutorial 3: Managing Data: Classifications and Attributes) and Sets or SearchFolders (see Tutorial 7: Searching Project Items and Text),

6. Use the Select Project Items dialog to select the case nodes to populate the Rows. To make your

selection, check each item to be included in the selection, then click OK .

Note that the Rows tab of the New Matrix dialog also allows you to select Row Header Attributes. This

is optional. See Tutorial 12 or Help: Framework Matrices>Create and change framework matricesfor details.

7. On the Columns tab, click Select and use the Select Project Items dialog to choose the nodes

representing the themes or topics to enter into the columns of your matrix (see Figure 59 above).

8. Click OK to complete your selection, then click OK again to create the framework matrix.

The framework matrix is now created and opens ready for you to commence summarizing the data

contained there.



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To change rows or columns, or to change attributes shown in row

headers, in List View select the framework matrix you want to

change. Then from the Home tab on the Ribbon in the Item group,

click Properties. The Framework Matrix Properties dialog opens,

enabling you to change your selections following the procedure

outlined above.

Working with a framework matrixWhen working with a framework matrix you can:

Enter text into the relevant cell(s) in the matrix and choose what content to display in the

Associated View

Create a link between the text you have entered in the matrix and the original passage that the

text summarizes. This is known as a Summary Link .

Review your framework matrix

Share a framework matrix with colleagues.

In this section you will learn how to operate each of these functions.

Enter a summary based on source content

1. With the framework matrix open in Detail View, click in the first cell to indicate that you want toenter text into this cell.

2. From the View tab on the Ribbon, select Framework Matrix in the Detail View group and use

the drop-down menu to select Row Coding under Associated View Content.

Figure 60: View>Framework Matrix drop-down menu

This changes the Associated View so that it displays the content of the row node. In the exampleillustrated here, Ken’s interview transcript is displayed in Associated View. The entire transcript may be accessed using the scroll bar on the right of Associated View.

Note that Row Coding is the default view.

3. Read the text displayed in Associated View.

Row Coding



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4. When you locate a passage that is relevant to a theme in you matrix, click in the cell for that theme

and type in your summary.

Use the scroll bars on the right and at the foot of the matrix to access the appropriate cell. When

making your entry, use the editing tools available from the Home tab to format and edit the text in thematrix cell.

Note that you can cut and paste text from Associated View into a matrix summary.

5. When you have finished your summaries for that transcript, click in a cell from the next row. The

content displayed in Associated View will change to the node content (transcript) for that row.

Make and view a summary linkSummary links allow you to locate source content relating to a summary. You can either create the link

at the time you enter in the summary, or you can add links later.

To add a link at the same time as you enter a summary:

1. In Associated View, select the passage that you intend to summarize.

2. Enter the summary in the relevant matrix cell.

3. From the Analyze tab, in the Framework Matrix group, click New Summary Link .

Figure 61: Ribbon>Analyze tab>New Summary Link

A link is made between the summary text and the original passage. You can view the link in the matrixcell and in Associated View.

4.

From the View tab on the Ribbon, select Framework Matrix in the Detail View group to accessthe drop-down menu

Under Summary Links select Show

Under Associated View Highlight select Summary Links from Position

Figure 62: Matrix Framework View options for viewing Summary Links

The summary text containing the link will be highlighted in pink . If you click in the summary text,the linked passage will be highlighted in yellow in Associated View. Highlighting can be turned on or

off using the View tab.



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Figure 63: Framework matrix showing summary text and linked passage both

highlighted

Review your framework matrixAs the content in your matrix builds up, or when you have completed your summaries, you can review

the data there using the view options.

1. Explore the View/Framework Matrix options for different views of your summarizing.

From the View tab on the Ribbon, select Framework Matrix in the Detail View group and try thefollowing drop-down menu options.

Summary Links/Show

This option turns on pink highlighting for all passages of text in any cell of the matrix which have beenlinked to source material in Associated View. Select this option to locate Summary Links in matrixcells or to review summary items that have not been linked. Click in the text of any highlighted

summary to see the linked source material in Associated View, when Associated View

Highlights/Summary Links from Position is also turned on.

Associated View Content/Summary Links

This hides all content in Associated View except passages which form part of a summary link. As you

click in a cell in the matrix, Associated View will display only passages of source material that arelinked to summaries in that cell. Use this option to review source content which has been summarized.

You may also want to use this view as an aid to subsequent coding (see Tutorial 12).

Associated View Highlight/Summary Links

With this option source content is displayed according to your selection under Associated ViewContent. In this example this could be either Row Coding or Summary Links. Click in a matrix celland all source content which has been linked to a summary in that cell will be highlighted in yellow.Use this option with Associated View Content/Row Coding to identify passages that have not been

linked to summaries. Review these passages to see if additional summaries should be entered.

Associated View Highlight/Summary Links from Position

As you click in a passage of summary text in a cell in the matrix, linked source material will behighlighted in yellow in Associated View. Use this option to review summaries and summary links for

consistency, or to locate and choose quotable quotes to illustrate emerging concepts or themes.

Note that you can also change the position of Associated View from the side to the bottom which may

suit better when working with cell rows, or hide the view entirely to concentrate on what is emergingthrough the summaries.

Share your framework matrixYou can share your framework matrix either by printing a copy from within NVivo or by exporting the

matrix as an Excel file.

Print your framework matrix:

1. On the Layout tab, select Page Setup and check Landscape in the Page Setup dialog.



Figure 64: Layout tab showing Page Setup button

2. Either

Select the framework matrix in List View, then on the File tab, select Print

Or

Locate the cursor anywhere within the open framework matrix, right-mouse click and from theContext menu select Print

3. Review or accept the default options in the Print dialog and click OK.

Export your framework matrix:

1. Either

Select the framework matrix in List View, then on the External Data tab, use the Export button drop-

down menu to select Export Framework Matrix

Or

Locate the cursor anywhere within the open framework matrix, right-mouse click and from theContext menu select Export Framework Matrix.

The Save as dialog opens.

2. Use the Save as dialog to name and locate the export file, then click Save.

The contents of the framework matrix are saved to an Excel file which may be opened and editedfurther, or shared with colleagues. You also have an option to save the file as a text file which could be

opened in another program, such as a table in MS Word.

Storing framework matrix summariesFinally, you need to consider how framework matrix summaries are stored. Each summary is stored

separately, in association with the intersection of the row and column nodes to which it relates. Thishas some implications for how you work with summaries.

A summary can only be viewed in a framework matrix which contains its column and row

nodes.

If you delete a framework matrix, the summaries are not deleted. Summaries can be viewed in

any framework that contains the necessary columns and rows.

If you delete either the row or column node, the associated summary will also be deleted.

If you copy either the row or the column node, the summary will also be copied.

If you merge two nodes, their summaries will be merged (see Tutorial 9).

To locate summaries other than via a framework matrix, you will need to use Advanced Find (see

Tutorial 8).

For further assistance with these or other features of working with framework matrices, go to Help:Framework Matrices.

This ends Tutorial 2. In Tutorial 3, you will learn more about applying the concepts of cases,classifications, classifiable data and attributes. Tutorial 3 Part A introduces Source Classifications and

Attributes. Tutorial 3 Part B looks at Node Classifications and Attributes.

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