Nutrition – COPD Section 1

May 2013

With Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec and all

Objectives

How to eat to help you breathe more easily

• Know that nutrition can have an impact on improving your quality of life with COPD

• Target lifestyle choices to improve your nutrition habits

• Start making changes in your food habits to improve your health

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Why attend a nutrition course if you are living with COPD?

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If You Answer « yes » to …

• Have you lost weight without trying to?

• After a meal, do you feel out of breath or bloated ?

• Do you experience digestive problems which are preventing you

from eating healthy?

• Is preparing a meal difficult ?

• Are you eating less than 3 meals a day ?

• Do you feel you should lose some weight ?

… this course will be useful for you!

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Focus on Weight

• Being underweight or having a significant weight loss could reduce your energy level and increase your risk of infection

• Being overweight could aggravate shortness of breath and increase risks of related illnesses

• Ideal weight = BMI (body mass index) between 21 and 30

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A private meeting with a dietician is recommended...

• If your weight is below or above the ideal weight range

• If you have lost weight without wanting to

• If you have prediabetes or diabetes

• If you have hypertension

• If you have coronary artery disease (CAD)

• If you quit smoking (worried about your weight)

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We need energy

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Carbohydrate

Protein

Fat

Quick source of energy

• Repair cells Increase satiety

Important source of calories (energy)

Calories =

Energy

CARBOHYDRATE

PROTEIN

FAT

Balanced meal

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Balanced meals can help to…

• Prevent and fight off infections as a result of sufficient intake of protein, calories and vitamins

• Reduce side effects that your illness can cause

• Maintain muscle mass

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Planning meals and snacks

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Aim to fill ¼ of the plate: Meat, poultry, fish, eggs,

tofu, legumes, nuts or seeds, peanut butter,

cheese, milk

Aim to fill ¼ of the plate: Potatoes, rice, barley, pastas, whole grain bread, cereals and crackers

Aim to fill ½ of the plate: Vegetable (fresh, cooked, soup or salads)

Fruit : fresh, frozen, canned, compote

I Plan my Meal

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• Sources of protein, fat and iron • Aim to fill ¼ of your plate

Role of proteins • Produce and maintain muscle mass • Fight infections • Wound healing • Prevent energy loss • Slow down the absorption of glucose in the blood

stream

Meat and Alternatives

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I Plan my Meal

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Grain and starch

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• Source of carbohydrate (the only fuel for your brain) : starch, fiber, sugar

• Aim to fill about ¼ of your plate

Role of fibers • Help with gut motility • Help to improve blood glucose control • Reduce LDL cholesterol levels

Vegetables and Fruits

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Vegetables and Fruits

• Sources of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fibers

• Contribute to blood vessel health

• Choose a variety of colors

• Aim to fill ½ of your plate

Role of vitamins • Fight infections

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I Plan my Meal

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Milk and Alternatives

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• Source of carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, and vitamin D

• Aim for 3-4 servings per day

Role of calcium and vitamin D : • Help to keep your bones healthy • Muscle contraction

Calcium and vitamin D requirements? For a fifty year old person with COPD: • Calcium : 1200 to 1500 mg/day • Vitamine D : 800 IU/day to 2000 IU/day

Eating Well Means…

Prévenir et agir sur le diabète et l’hypertension artérielle

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• Eating 3 meals a day at regular times (4-6 hours between meals)

• Eating snacks if necessary

• Choosing foods from at least 3 food groups at each meal

• What about « other foods »? Include them once in a while!

Nutrition – COPD Group Meeting – 1

True or False ?

• Cheese causes constipation ? FALSE !

No single food can be held responsible for causing constipation. It is a combination of lifestyle habits which can play a role in intestinal regularity. A poor fiber intake, lack of adequate fluid intake and lack of regular physical activity are the most likely causes of constipation. Constipation can also be a medication side effect.

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True or False ?

• Milk increases mucus production? FALSE !

Milk tends to leave a thin layer in the mouth or throat which results in an unpleasant feeling. This is due to the creamy texture of milk and possibly by the production of saliva. There is no evidence that drinking milk leads to increased mucus production in the presence of respiratory infections.

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Wüthrich, B et al. Milk consumption does not lead to mucus production or occurrence of asthma. Journal of the American college of nutrition., vol. 24, no.6, 547S-555S (2005)

Nutrition – COPD Group Meeting – 1

Nutritious Snacks Examples

• Yogurt • Cheese • Nuts • Fruits with yogurt, cheese or nuts • Raw vegetables with cheese • Whole grain crackers with peanut butter

or cheese • Bowl of cereal with milk • Meal substitute • Milk • Soy beverages

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First Observations regarding My Nutrition Habits

• Evaluate my food intake

• What dietary changes should I work on before the next appointment

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Eating With Pleasure Is Good for Your Health!

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