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NURS 100Nursing Fundamentals

Introduction To The Nursing Profession

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THE NURSING PROFESSION

• ACCOUNTABLE PROFESSION• GUIDED BY:

– SCIENCE– THEORY– CODE OF ETHICS– CARE & COMFORT

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NURSING….WHAT IS IT???

• ATTENTION TO FULL RANGE OF HUMAN RESPONSES TO HEALTH & ILLNESS

• INCORPORATE THE CLIENT’S EXPERIENCE

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• APPLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE TO THE DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT PROCESS

• PROVISION OF CARING RELATIONSHIP THAT FACILITATES HEALTH & HEALING

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NURSING & MEDICINE

• NURSING COMPLEMENTS MEDICINE

• MEDICINE IS DISEASE ORIENTED

• NURSING FOCUSES ON THE HUMAN RESPONSE

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NURSING ….

• AN ART and A SCIENCE

• FOCUSES NOT ON ILLNESS BUT RATHER A CLIENT’S RESPONSE TO ILLNESS

• PROMOTES HEALTH & HELPS CLIENTS MOVE TO HIGHER LEVEL OF WELLNESS

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NURSING AS A DISCIPLINE

• WHAT DIFFERENTIATES NURSING FROM OTHER DISCIPLINES ?

NURSING THEORYPROVIDES THE FOUNDATION FOR

NURSING KNOWLEDGE & GIVES DIRECTION TO NURSING PRACTICE

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WHAT IS A THEORY?

• A SET OF CONCEPTS & PROPOSITIONS THAT PROVIDE AN ORDERLY WAY TO VIEW OBSERVABLE FACTS.

• Concepts – vehicles of thought.

• Propositions – statements that propose a relationship between concepts.

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HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

• TO UNDERSTAND THE PRESENT STATUS OF NURSING, IT IS NECESSARY TO HAVE A BASE OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE PROFESSION

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FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

• FOUNDER OF MODERN NURSING• COMPLETED A 3-MONTH COURSE OF

STUDY AT THE KAISERWERTH INSTITUTE• REDUCED MORTALITY/MORBIDITY

DURING BRITAIN’S CRIMEAN WAR• ESTABLISHED THE NIGHTINGALE

TRAINING SCHOOL IN LONDON

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1960’s

• HEALTH CARE ENHANCED BY MEDICARE & MEDICAID

• NURSING & PHYSICIAN SHORTAGES• NURSE PRACTITIONERS APPEAR• FOCUS ON HEALTH MAINTENANCE

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1970’S

• PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY FOR NURSES DEBATED

• DEVELOPMENT OF NURSING THEORIES

• NURSING ENTERS UNIVERSITY SETTING

• PROFESSIONAL NURSING ORGANIZATIONS APPEAR

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1980’S

• NURSES BECOME MORE SPECIALIZED

• NURSE PRACTITIONERS MORE WIDELY ACCEPTED

• EXPANDED NURSING ROLES

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1990’S

• MORE AGED POPULATION• NURSES SHAPE POLICIES• NURSING BECOMES STRONG

ADVOCATE• HEALTHY PEOPLE INITIATIVES:

– HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000 – HEALTHY PEOPLE 2010

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2000 and beyond…• Governor Easley declared 2000-

2010 as "The Decade of the Nurse" per request of NCNA.

• Continued nursing shortage and nursing educator shortage.

• ???

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NURSING EDUCATION

• ENTRY LEVEL - PREPARE GRADUATES TO TAKE A LICENSING EXAM

• RN GRADUATES = NCLEX-RN• LPNS: UNDER RN OR OTHER

– PROGRAM = 9-12 MONTHS– TAKE NCLEX-PN EXAM

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TYPES OF RN PROGRAMS

• ASSOCIATE DEGREE

• BACCALAUREATE DEGREE

• DIPLOMA PROGRAMS

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STAFF DEVELOPMENT & CONTINUING EDUCATION

• MAINTAIN REQUISITE KNOWLEDGE & SKILL FOR CONTEMPORARY PRACTICE

• ADDITION TO FORMAL EDUCATION• ORIENTATION & IN-SERVICE

PROGRAMS

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FUTURE OF NURSING

• NEED TO:– COMMUNICATE NEEDS FOR REFORM– DEVELOP EVIDENCE -BASED PRACTICE– MONITOR SAFE PRACTICE– IMPLEMENT POLICIES TO ADDRESS

CHANGES IN NURSING LABOR MARKET

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HEALTH CARE TEAM MEMBERS•NURSE •PHYSICIAN•PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT•PHARMACIST•DENTIST •SOCIAL WORKER•CASE MANAGER•VOLUNTEERS•SPEECH THERAPIST

•RESPIRATORY THERAPIST •PHYSICAL THERAPIST •OCCUPATIONAL THERAPIST•CHAPLAIN•DIETITIAN•NURSING ASSISTANT

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NURSING ROLES

• CAREGIVER• TEACHER• ADVOCATE• MANAGER• EXPERT• CASE MANAGER• TEAM MEMBER

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HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

• MECHANISM FOR PROVIDING SERVICES THAT MEET THE HEALTH-RELATED NEEDS OF INDIVIDUALS

• NURSING IS A MAJOR COMPONENT

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TYPES OF SERVICES• PRIMARY -HEALTH PROMOTION &

ILLNESS PREVENTION

• SECONDARY -EARLY DETECTION & INTERVENTION

• TERTIARY -RESTORATIVE AND REHABILITATIVE CARE

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LIMITATIONS TO ACCESS OF CARE• INABILITY TO OBTAIN INSURANCE• CULTURAL BARRIERS• SHORTAGE OF PROVIDERS• LIMITED ACCESS TO ANCILLARY

SERVICES• SOCIOECONOMIC ISSUES

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Where Do You Fit In?

• Name

• Personal definition of NURSING

• Goal for NURS 100

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GOOD LUCK!!!