ntnu/ivt report

Faculty of engineering science and technology (IVT) Date: 08.06.2012

Customer: Rev.: 04 English

Title: Science plan 2012 - 2020 Page: 1 av 37

NTNU/IVT REPORT TITEL: Faculty of engineering science and

technology Science plan 2012-2020

Part A 08/06-2012

Fakultetet for ingeniørvitenskap og teknologi Addresse: Høgskoleringen 6, NTNU

NO-7491 Trondheim NORWAY Telephone: +47 73 59 45 01 Fax: +47 73 59 37 90 Enterprise No.: NO 974 767880 MVA

FORFATTER(E):

Asgeir Sørensen, Roy Johnsen, Steinar Nordal, Jan Ola Strandhagen, Helge I. Andersson, Jon Kleppe, Mai Britt Mørk, Zhiliang Zhang, Bjørgulf Haukelid, Astrid Vigtil KUNDE:

Styringsgruppen v/ Dekanus Ingvald Strømmen

RAPPORT NO.: KLASSEFISERING: PROSJEKT NO.: ANTALL SIDER/VEDLEGG:

37 ABSTRACT:

This report is the Science plan (Research strategy) of Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology (IVT), for the years 2012 - 2020. This plan has been developed by 6 working groups, represented by all IVT research groups, other faculties at NTNU, SINTEF and Norwegian industry and public organizations. The work was processed in the seven months’ period between August 2011 and March 2012. The full reports from the working groups are assembled in part B of this report. Selection of strategic areas of research is done on the basis of the framework and guidelines for NTNU; IVT's social mission and strategy; the needs of Norwegian business and government administration as well as the expected availability of funding. The strategic areas prioritized research initiatives at IVT. Research at IVT will form the basis for education in all master programs. A faculty the size of IVT will also have some research in areas other than those given priority in the curriculum. These will not be neglected but they are not described in this report. Vision: The research performed at Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology shall be internationally outstanding and a competitive advantage for Norwegian industry. When IVT has reached the vision in 2020, the following should be met: Business leaders, politicians and media are using the interaction between NTNU / IVT and Norwegian business and government administration as an example of how a high-cost country can maintain its competitiveness and quality of life, and help solve global challenges by focusing the expertise, technology, innovation and advanced industry into clusters. This way, research at IVT is according to the vision of NTNU: Knowledge for a better world.




Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 4

2 IVT Research Strategy 2012 - 2020 .......................................................................................... 4

2.1 NTNU’s Vision: .................................................................................................................. 4

2.2 The role and social mission of IVT: ................................................................................... 5

2.2.1 Education: .................................................................................................................... 5

2.2.2 Research: ..................................................................................................................... 5

3 IVT’s vision, goal and main strategies for research 2012-2020 ................................................ 6

3.1 Leadership and strategic guidelines .................................................................................... 6

3.1.1 Vision for the Science Plan Project: ............................................................................ 6

3.1.2 Guidelines for selection of research areas ................................................................... 6

3.2 IVT’s research objectives 2012 – 2020 .............................................................................. 6

3.3 Selected strategic areas of research .................................................................................... 9

3.3.1 Existing priority areas ............................................................................................... 11

3.3.2 Research in addition to the strategic areas ................................................................ 11

3.4 Quality and robustness ...................................................................................................... 11

3.4.1 Organization and funding .......................................................................................... 11

3.4.2 Robust and competent research communities ........................................................... 11

3.4.3 External expertise and collaborative relations ........................................................... 12

3.4.4 Research and research based education ..................................................................... 12

3.4.5 Research programmes ............................................................................................... 12

3.4.6 Laboratories and research infrastructure ................................................................... 13

3.4.7 Quality, productivity and visibility ........................................................................... 13

3.4.8 Formal contact with business and the public sector .................................................. 13

3.5 Strategic research areas 2012 – 2020 ................................................................................ 14

3.5.1 Existing strategic research centres at IVT ................................................................. 14

3.5.2 Thematic priority areas .............................................................................................. 15

3.6 IVT’s selected strategic areas of research......................................................................... 15

3.6.1 Methods for exploration and production of oil and gas ............................................ 16

3.6.2 Marine operations and installations in hostile marine environments ........................ 17

3.6.3 Materials and constructions ....................................................................................... 18

3.6.4 CO2 capture and storage ........................................................................................... 20

3.6.5 Safety, risk analysis and prevention of major accidents............................................ 21

3.6.6 Clean water for Norway and the world ..................................................................... 22

3.6.7 Natural gas, oil and bioenergy – processing, transport and end use.......................... 23

3.6.8 Offshore wind ............................................................................................................ 24




3.6.9 Sustainable and innovative industry in Norway ........................................................ 25

3.6.10 Hydropower for Norway and the world .................................................................... 27

3.6.11 Sustainable societal development .............................................................................. 28

3.6.12 Mapping, characterization and sustainable mining of onshore and offshore mineral resources .................................................................................................................................. 29

3.6.13 Safe, efficient and sustainable road, rail and costal transportation ........................... 30

3.6.14 Green shipping – safe, sustainable and energy effective ...................................... 33

3.6.15 Energy efficient and functional buildings ................................................................. 34

3.6.16 Engineering, planning and management of complex projects Research goal ........... 35

4 Abbreviations used in this document ...................................................................................... 37




1 Introduction The Science Plan for NTNU's Faculty of Engineering and Technology (IVT) describes the strategic areas of research given priority at IVT for the period 2012 to 2020. The plan is specific and detailed up to 2015 and more normative for the period 2015 to 2020. The report consists of two parts:

• Part A (this report) defines the strategic areas of research for the period. • Part B documents the contributions of the working group and the areas of research given

priority by the group, as well as references to policy guidelines, strategic documents, visions and goals applied to identify these strategic research areas.

The Science Plan serves as the basis for decisions for IVT management to achieve the following: • In the years 2012 to 2020 IVT will concentrate its resources on fewer and larger research

projects directed at Norway's and Europe's specific needs and global challenges. The research will be done in collaboration with leading universities, industry, public and private organizations, nationally and internationally. IVT’s ambition is to host major national and international programs in these areas. The research will direct towards basic scientific research, and the number of publications and citations are to be increased.

The research will be at a level considered internationally outstanding and generate new knowledge and technology. Sustainability and innovation will be guiding principles. Important actions will be:

• Develop a new strategic human resources plan for senior academic positions • Establish formal collaboration with other outstanding national and international

organizations in research, business and government • Specify collaboration with industry and public organizations through networking

activities, professorships and strategic partnerships. • Secure funding for basic scientific research through major programs funded by the EU and

the Research Council of Norway. • Laboratory and research infrastructure investments • Maintaining annual research action plans

The project has defined four strategic targets for IVT with 16 associated strategic areas of research. The main objectives and related areas of research of the Science Plan are defined in Chapter 3.

2 IVT Research Strategy 2012 - 2020 The IVT faculty is subject to NTNU's vision and plans. This results in the following overall guidelines for the Science Plan.

2.1 NTNU’s Vision: Knowledge for a better world. NTNU - Internationally outstanding




2.2 The role and social mission of IVT: IVT’s mission is, through education, research and dissemination to bring forward candidates, knowledge and technological solutions that benefit the community. IVT will contribute to solving global challenges, such as adequate and clean energy, climate / environment, food, water and mineral resources, based on national conditions and thereby establishing the basis for competitive business in Norway. Our role is to develop technologies for sustainability and innovation. By focusing on solutions that respond to global challenges we contribute to positive social development while creating new commercial opportunities for our partners in Norway and internationally. 2.2.1 Education: IVT will provide the Norwegian public sector and businesses with competent people at master and doctoral level within the academic disciplines we teach. 2.2.2 Research: IVT will generate new knowledge, technology and innovation within our disciplines and make the results and the technology available to the Norwegian public and private sectors, and for the rest of the world. The transfer of knowledge from IVT to the surroundings takes place through research-based education, publications and collaboration with public sector, industry and commerce, but primarily by IVT students bringing new knowledge into society once they have completed their studies at Masters and PhD level. This requires close links between education and research, and research that is relevant to business and public sector. Figure 1 depicts how NTNU cooperates with public sector, industry and commerce in the education of master's and doctoral degree candidates. The quality and relevance of education and research at NTNU is increased, and partners’ competitiveness is strengthened through access to candidates and research results.

Figure 1, NTNU collaborates with public sector, industry and commerce to increase the quality and relevance of research and education. Cooperation partners strengthen their competitive ability.




3 IVT’s vision, goal and main strategies for research 2012-2020

3.1 Leadership and strategic guidelines The implementation of the Science Plan is based on specific decisions and guidelines. The most important are described in bullet points below. IVT will prepare annual action plans in line with these guidelines by 2015. 3.1.1 Vision for the Science Plan Project: The Science Plan Project used the following overarching vision during the work on the new Science Plan: Research at the Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology will be internationally outstanding and one of the great competitive advantages for Norwegian industry and commerce. This vision posts some requirements, not only on research content but also on how research is organized and funded. This is described in more detail below. 3.1.2 Guidelines for selection of research areas The goal of IVT’s research strategy is illustrated in Figure 2 and is developed on the basis of a number of guidelines given by: • The global challenges as defined in the UN Millennium Project • The EU Framework Programme for Research: Horizon 2020 • The Government's White Paper on Research: Climate for Research • The needs and opportunities of Norwegian private and public sectors • The research will form the basis for education • The research will to a greater degree consist of basic scientific research • There will be room for research on topics currently not included in IVT plans

3.2 IVT’s research objectives 2012 – 2020 In the years 2012 – 2020 the main research objective for IVT is: Ensuring that Norway is a sustainable, well-developed and a competitive society considered an attractive place to live. Through this, IVT will contribute with knowledge for a better world.




Figure 2, Paramount research objectives

The main objective will be achieved through research on four specific areas adapted to Norway's opportunities and needs: 1. Safer, cleaner and efficient energy (Energy) Norway is a major provider of energy and our business and export earnings are closely related to this. All the same, our dilemma is that the world's dependence on fossil carbon based energy cause global climate changes. IVT's expertise will resolve and lessen these challenges along the value chain to produce, distribute and consume energy. The research will be directed towards the following main applications: • Finding more oil and gas and increasing the recovery rate of known deposits • Natural gas, oil and bio - processing, transport and use • CO2 capture and storage • Hydropower - New technology, customized smart grid, climate change and balancing power

to Europe • Wind power - with a particular focus on offshore wind energy production • Risk assessment and prevention of major accidents 2. Functional and sustainable infrastructure and built environment. (Infrastructure / built environment) Parts of Norway's infrastructure need a strong rehabilitation or renewal. Renewable energy sources create new demands for skills and physical development, and climate changes place new demands on our buildings and infrastructure throughout their life cycle. This requires new knowledge and innovative solutions. IVT's expertise and disciplines are fundamental to address these challenges. The research will be directed towards the following main applications:




• Safe, efficient and environmentally friendly transport solutions for road, rail and sea • Energy efficient and functional buildings, with particular focus on existing buildings • Clean water to Norway and the world 3. Value creation in Norway based on competence and natural resources (Value Creation) The Norwegian society is dependent on sustainable value creation, of which industry is the backbone. Development and utilization of technology to develop, manufacture and deliver products and services based on our natural premises and competence must be prioritized. Future products, production systems, supply chains and infrastructure must meet the requirements of sustainability and competitiveness, and the processes and products must be improved and supported by intelligent systems. The research will be directed towards the following main applications: • Design and development of new products and production processes based on advanced

technological expertise in traditional areas as well as new technological areas, and rooted in national and regional strengths and competitive advantages (offshore, subsea, marine, sustainable energy, arctic engineering, electronics, etc.)

• Industrial and commercial supply chains for food, including fish, with focus on sustainability, quality, productivity and competitiveness

• Future expanded and integrated products with high user value and extended use of ICT based services

• Design and development of new sustainable products and production processes within existing product lines and new fields such as nanotechnology and functional materials

• Design and development of services and management solutions ensuring Norwegian competitiveness

• Identification, development and effective utilization of solid mineral resources 4. Sustain Norway's position as world leader of the oceans (Oceans) Norway controls large ocean areas and is internationally recognized as a competent and competitive manager. 70% of the planet's surface is ocean and marine resources and the importance of maritime transport increasing as the world population grows. The Norwegian maritime cluster is unique, we are the world leader in offshore oil and gas activities and in fisheries and aquaculture. We should strengthen this position. Norway will be the best in the world to explore, exploit and manage the "Blue Planet". The research will be directed towards the following main applications: • Safe, environmentally friendly and energy efficient shipping • Marine operations and installations in harsh marine environments • Sustainable, secure and competitive food from the sea Enabling technologies and system expertise (technology / system) In addition to research supporting specific applications we also need research on enabling technologies and system expertise that cuts across the areas above. The main areas are: • Materials Technology • Project Management • Virtual reality - Computational Science in Engineering • Risk Management • Ecology and Sustainability




Within the four specific areas described in chapter 3.2 IVT will put its knowledge, technology and innovation to use to assist Norway to reach the first part of the defined main goal:

Ensuring sustainability of Norway as a well-developed, competitive society with good living conditions.

The same expertise, technology and innovation capacity will also be useful to address the global challenges and ensure sustainability. This will be done in direct collaboration with researchers in other countries, or through the Norwegian business and public authorities. In this way IVT contribute to achieving the second part of the main goal:

Through this, IVT will contribute to knowledge for a better world.

3.3 Selected strategic areas of research A range of research areas where IVT has an obvious strength or a strategic interest in pursuing is identified. 16 selected research areas are categorized into three groups according to the capabilities evaluated in 2011: • Excellence: areas of research where IVT in 2011 held leading international research groups,

based on international independent evaluation. • Very good: Areas of research where IVT in 201d had strong research groups in terms of

internationally recognized and leading national professional groups. • Good: Strategically important research areas where IVT held research groups of a high

international standard with development potential within areas of national importance. In Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 the 16 selected areas of research are summarized. The areas are described more explicitly in section 3.6. The numbering from 1 to 16 does not represent an internal prioritization between the selected areas. Group classification represents different goals for the priority areas, and will influence which kind of measures and initiatives to be taken. Table 1, the five research areas of excellence. Goal: Maintain the excellence status.

No Research Area IVT research groups Research objectives 1 New methods for enhanced oil

and gas exploration and recovery

Petroleum technology and applied geophysics Petroleum geology

Energy

2 Marine operations and installations in hostile marine environments

Marine structures, Marine civil engineering

Oceans

3 Materials and structures

SIMLab, marine structures, Materials, Structural mechanics

Technology/system

4 CO2 capture and storage Thermal energy Petroleum technology and applied geophysics Engineering geology

Energy

5 Safety, risk analysis and prevention of major accidents

RAMS Technology/system




Table 2, the six very good areas of research. Goal: Towards excellence

No Rresearch Area IVT Research groups Research objectives 6 Clean water to Norway and the

world Water and wastewater engineering

Infrastructure/built environment

7 Natural gas, oil and bioenergy - processing, transport and consumption

Thermal energy, industrial ecology, fluid engineering, industrial process technology

Energy

8 Offshore wind energy

Marine structures, marine civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, fluid engineering

Energy

9 Sustainable and innovative industry in Norway

Production management, product design, product development, production systems, Industrial process technology

Value creation

10 Hydropower to Norway and the world

Hydraulic engineering, Fluids engineering

Energy

11 Developing sustainable societies

Industrial ecology Technology/system

Table 3, the five good areas of research. Goal: Strengthen the position of important research

No Research Area IVT reserach groups Research objectives 12 Mapping, characterization and

sustainable mining of onshore and offshore mineral resources

Geology, Mineral production and HSE, Engineering geology, Marine systems, marine structures, Petroleum technology and applied geophysics

Value creation

13 Safe, efficient and sustainable land and sea transport solutions

Road, transport and geomatics, concrete, Structural mechanics, geology, geotechnical engineering, Building and construction, marine civil engineering,


14 Green shipping Marine systems, thermal energy, RAMS, Marine structures

Oceans

15 Energy efficient and functional buildings

Energy and indoor environment, Building and construction,


16 Engineering, planning and management of complex projects

Building and construction, Project and quality management

Technology/system




3.3.1 Existing priority areas In 2012 much of the research at IVT is organized in large, multidisciplinary, center based research programs. Some of these will be completed as scheduled in the plan period, see Table 4 page 14. 3.3.2 Research in addition to the strategic areas The strategic areas describe the priorities for research at IVT. However, a faculty the size of IVT conducts research on all areas related to basic education as well as in new areas outside the defined strategic main lines. Needs may follow from new technological breakthroughs, or acute societal needs. It is the nature of such areas to be outside plans like this Science Plan and decisions will be taken by the faculty management as needs or opportunities arise.

3.4 Quality and robustness The following describes the direction IVT will point out to our research communities, with respect to general framework conditions, the use of funding agencies and utilization of resources. 3.4.1 Organization and funding • In the years 2012-2020 IVT will concentrate our resources on fewer and larger research

projects directed at Norway's specific needs. • The faculty's ambition is to host major national and international programs within the strategic

research areas. • The funding of research will increasingly be obtained through EU funds. IVT will strive to

achieve 100MNOK in 2020. Selection of research areas and collaborating institutions should reflect this.

• A significant part of the research will be done in collaboration with external organizations (both private and public sector).

• IVT will give priority to research areas where we are or have the potential to become internationally outstanding.

• IVT will cooperate with other faculties at NTNU, SINTEF and the world's leading universities and research institutions.

• The research will primarily take place in cooperation with research institutions and businesses that are - or have the potential to become a world leader.

• The research can be based on fundamental competence that may have different application areas.

3.4.2 Robust and competent research communities The goals are ambitious and can only be reached if existing IVT competence join for robust research communities of a certain size that commonly focus on research goals, applications and need for competence on the selected research areas. These joint efforts will give the necessary strength and bring forward expected results.

3.4.2.1 IVT research communities The 2011 research group evaluation assessed the quality of the 29 IVT research groups and ranked these on a scale from 1 to 5. This evaluation is described in more detail in part B of this report. • All research groups should develop a strategy to improve their research and aim for

international excellence level (4 or 5) by 2015.




• Coordination of activities on the strategic research objectives will primarily be organized by

research groups who scored 4 or 5. Strategically important research groups that scored below 4 must be strengthened and seek cooperation with related research groups at and outside IVT.

3.4.2.2 Strategic plan for Human Resources (HR) The main research communities are defined for each of the strategic research areas. These communities will be prioritized in the new strategic HR plan. By spring 2012 just under 200 persons are employed in permanent scientific positions. A moderate increase in the number of such positions is expected for the period 2012-2020. Academic jobs are directed at designated areas in need of expertise and capacity. • A new strategic HR plan for IVT will be developed based on the Science Plan. • Research groups must be sufficiently staffed.

3.4.3 External expertise and collaborative relations Research is a team effort and research must take place in cooperation with other faculties at NTNU, Norway’s and the world's leading universities and research institutions. Good human relationships are built by solving tasks as a team. Quality before quantity. • In areas where IVT is not, or will not be outstanding, we will seek other research

groups/organizations for collaboration. • The research communities must identify their main current and desired partners. • These relationships will be given priority and long-term relationships will be built through

joint research and exchange of academic staff and students. 3.4.4 Research and research based education IVT research is performed by doctoral candidates, postdocs and research scientists in collaboration with professors and associate professors. Research results form the basis for the education offered in general and in-depth courses on master level in particular. In order to increase research capacity doctoral candidates and post-doctoral positions are important. In 2011 IVT produced 0,37 PhDs per permanently employed scientific staff. • At the department level, task distribution for professors and academic staff will be 40%

teaching, 40% research and 20% administration, strategy and joint activities • Towards 2020, permanent academic staff shall at all times supervise at least three PhD

candidates. • Master students will be actively engaged in research through practical exercises in the

laboratories and work on their master's theses.

3.4.5 Research programmes A trend in Norwegian and EU funding shows more larger and long-term research programs. It seems the majority of funds will be available through such programs. This ensures long-term financing and economies of scale when it comes to use of laboratories and reporting. It is also expected that an increasing part of the Norwegian funding will be channeled through the EU system. • IVT will aim at organizing research in large, long-term programs. • IVT will actively seek EU funding for the strategic programs where appropriate.




The strategic research programs will require expertise from several research groups, departments, faculties as well as SINTEF and other actors outside NTNU. The technological core competencies available at IVT will be put in a human and societal context in order to create useful, profitable and lasting results. For applied research collaboration with industry is a prerequisite for good results and necessary funding. • The strategic research tasks will be solved in cooperation with other faculties at NTNU,

SINTEF, other leading universities and research institutions. • Where relevant the applied research will be conducted in collaboration with industry and / or

public sector.

3.4.6 Laboratories and research infrastructure Research and education depends on laboratories with modern equipment and sufficient capacity. The 2011 research group evaluation indicated that IVT's laboratory facilities are well kept by European standards. This state must be preserved and further developed, it is essential that laboratories are under constant upgrade. • Laboratories and infrastructure must be adapted to the challenges of the strategic research

areas. In selected areas, NTNU in collaboration with SINTEF will have world class infrastructure.

The following new laboratories will be crucial in the Science Plan: • ECCSEL – Carbon Capture and Storage (collaboration with the NT faculty) • ZEB-lab – Zero emission buildings laboratory (collaboration with the AB faculty and

SINTEF) • Ocean Space Center – Ocean research (collaboration NTNU - SINTEF) • Laboratory for increased oil recovery (collaboration with the NT faculty and SINTEF) A laboratory development strategy is presented in the laboratory committee report which concludes on the basis of the scientific priorities given in the Science Plan. 3.4.7 Quality, productivity and visibility IVT will be visible among the world's leading universities and deliver research of high quality and relevance. IVT research should be improved in terms of quality, productivity and visibility. • Research communities and necessary support for PhD candidates will be established. • Good tools and working methods will be identified and implemented where appropriate. • Research results are to be published in international recognized channels. This will be

followed up in the line organization. • The publication of research results in internationally recognized media should be increased. • Publications should be relevant and be a basis for citations from other researchers. 3.4.8 Formal contact with business and the public sector IVT will conduct basic research and research that is relevant to the needs of business and the public sector. Close contact with business and public sector is essential to ensure this. All the strategic areas of research will be linked to one or more industry lead interest groups. Such interest groups should be established for all focus areas. Interest groups are arenas for cooperation and will be arenas for: • Giving advice on action plans and strategy




• Providing feedback on the relevance of research • Financing the initial phase of new professorships • Defining topics for and funding PhDs • Contributing to an increasing number of people in private and public sectors holding a PhD.

3.5 Strategic research areas 2012 – 2020 IVT will increasingly focus on organizing research as center activities. Research centers exist today and are necessary for long-term financing of research. The three primary funding mechanisms for center organization offered by the Research Council of Norway are: • Norwegian Centres of Excellence (CoE) • Centres for Research-based Innovation (SFI) • Centres for Environment-friendly Energy Research (FME)

These are mechanisms funding research over a total of eight to ten years depending on passing a mid-term evaluation. 3.5.1 Existing strategic research centres at IVT In 2012 IVT is hosting or participating in a total of 14 such research centers. These are scheduled to be completed within the time span covered by the Science Plan, and new strategic initiatives will be coordinated with or based on the existing centres. Table 4 provides an overview of the centers IVT are involved in per April 1st 2012. Table 4, research centres where IVT is coordinator or partner as of 01.04.2012

Centre (-end year) Centre name SFF CeSOS (-2012) Center for Ships and Ocean Structures * SFF Geohazards (-2012) International Center for Geohazards SFF CBC (-2017) Center for Biomedical Computing SFI IO-Center (-2014) Integrated Operations in Petroleum * SFI Norman (-2014) Norwegian Manufacturing Future SFI Coin (-2014) Concrete Innovation Center SFI SIMLab (-2014) Structural Impact Laboratory * SFI Create (-2014) Aquaculture Technology SFI FACE (-2014) Multiphase Flow Assurance Innovation Center FME Nowitech (-2017) Norwegian Research Center for Offshore Wind Technology FME BIGCCS (-2017) International Carbon Capture and Storage Research Center FME Cedren (-2017) Center for Environmental design of Renewable Energy FME ZEB (-2017) Zero Emmission Buildings FME Cenbio (-2017) Bioenergy Innovation Center FME CenSES (-2017) Center for Sustainable Energy Studies SFI SAMCOT (-2019) Sustainable Arctic and Marine Coastal Technology * SFI SBBU (-2019) Drilling and Wells for Improved Recovery * Centres hosted by IVT In 2011 the Research Council of Norway announced their third call for CoE funding, and IVT has been involved in seven proposals. These are summarized in Table 5. The proposal SFF AMOS




was invited to the second phase of the application process, and the submission deadline for final proposal is August 22nd 2012. Table 5, list of CoE applicaitons with phase 1 submission deadline June 8th 2011

Centre Centre full name Involved IVT research groups SFF AMOS Autonomous Marine Operations

and Systems * Marine structures group

SFF Center for Industrial Ecology

Center for Industrial Ecology * Industrial ecology, Product design, Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering

SFF CeMAP Center of Excellence for Major Accident Prevention *

RAMS, Marine systems group

SFF Geophysics Geophysical Methods for Subsurface Imaging and Monitoring *

Petroleum Engineering & Applied Geophysics

SFF TCCL Trondheim CO2 Capture Laboratories

Thermal Energy Group

SFF Bridging Scales Computational SFF for Atomistic Modeling in Physics and Chemistry

Materials

SFF GeoRisk Disaster Reduction Center

Georisk Disaster Reduction Center – New understanding and integrated solution for a safer society

Geotechnical Engineering

* Proposals where IVT is coordinator / applicant 3.5.2 Thematic priority areas NTNU has six prioritized research areas of importance to Norway. IVT is strongly involved in several of these. By the end of 2013 NTNU should have established 3-5 institutional strategic initiatives that will replace the current thematic priority areas. This Science Plan provides the basis for IVT’s input to the central initiative, and the following is recommended:

• Energy • Ocean Technology • Sustainable societal development

3.6 IVT’s selected strategic areas of research The following sections contain brief descriptions of each of the 16 strategic research areas. These are guidelines for research activities up to 2020, but are not described in detail at this stage. Based on these descriptions, and detailed descriptions in part B of this report, annual action plans will be prepared for research at IVT as well as specific proposals for each project.




3.6.1 Methods for exploration and production of oil and gas Research goal: Energy Main responsible research groups: Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics (IPT), Petroleum Geology (IGB) Main challenges and research topics: The global energy demand is estimated to increase by around 50% the next 25 years. Hydrocarbons are expected to continue at a level of 60-80% of the energy supply. Thus, we need to discover more oil and gas fields, and to improve recovery from existing fields. Offshore Norway there is still a great potential for new discoveries, as witnessed by several fields over the past few years, in as well mature areas as in new areas. Large portions of NCS are still not explored. The recovery factors for producing fields must be significantly increased from the current average of 46%. Subsurface storage of CO2 and injection of CO2 in oil fields for improving recovery will be in focus in the future. Research areas: • Basin modeling and development of new and improved geological models • Tectonics, basin development and reservoir geology of the Arctic continental shelf areas • Improvement of seismic imaging of complex reservoirs and reservoirs located under salt and

basalt, as well as developing new methods to combine seismic, electromagnetic and gravimetric measurements

• Improved seismic methods for monitoring reservoirs and new models to achieve enhanced recovery of oil and gas, and for safe subsurface storage of CO2.

• Improvement of systems and methods for faster drilling and reduced drilling and well costs • Improvement the productivity of wells in new and mature fields. • Development of more cost effective subsea solutions. • Improved geological, seismic and petrophysical reservoir description and better and faster

reservoir simulation models • Mobilization of oil that is immobile after water or gas flooding by improving methods such as

miscible gas injection, CO2 injection, low salinity water injection, surfactant flooding, microbial flooding, new "super-chemicals", and nanoparticles for reduction of the interfacial tension between oil and water

• Improved displacement of mobile oil through more wells, polymer injection, zone isolation with chemicals and water-alternating-gas injection

• Integrated operations Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Department of Geology and Mineral Resources Engineering and Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics have more than 20 fulltime professors and around 20 adjunct professors within the upstream petroleum areas, in addition to 60-70 Ph.D. candidates. Extensive collaboration is established within NTNU with research groups in Nanotechnology, Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Physics, Mathematics, Biotechnology, ICT, Cybernetics, Industrial Ecology. A wide network of international research groups is associated with NTNU. There is a strong demand for more faculty members and researchers within Petrophysics and Petroleum geology. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Collaboration with more than 20 Norwegian oil companies and suppliers contribute annually by around 45 million in research grants. The Center for Integrated Operations (SFI) has an annual budget of around 45 million. We are research partner with SBBU, FME BIGCCS. Petromaks is an




important source of funding. Applications for SFF and SFI are considered. A new national center for improved oil recovery is under consideration in the Research Council, with NTNU as an active partner. 3.6.2 Marine operations and installations in hostile marine environments Research goal: Ocean space Main responsible research groups at NTNU: Marine Structures (IMT), Marine Civil Engineering (BAT) Main challenges and research topics: The last decade has seen an increasing commercial and political interest in the Arctic, offshore wind and aquaculture, and in addition we are to continue to exploit and develop our existing oil and gas resources. The EU target to increase their wind energy fraction means that offshore wind resources in hostile environments with deeper water need to be developed, giving an increased focus on safety and regularity. The USGS estimates that 30% of the world’s undiscovered oil is in the Arctic, and in addition the Arctic has large undeveloped gas resources. The Arctic can be characterized as vulnerable, far away, cold and dark, so that a safe, reliable design, installation and operation of fixed structures, moored vessels, pipelines and ships gives new technological challenges and requires a better and more thorough quantification of the physical environment than what we have today. A further expansion of aquaculture and renewable energy means expansion into more exposed locations, and the experience from oil and gas should be used to develop these resources. Research topics: • Ships, pipelines, bottom-fixed and moored structures in both offshore and coastal ice infested

waters • Quantification of the Physical environment (ocean and ice), both physic-mechanical and

statistical • Numerical and physical modelling of ship-ice interaction, including dynamic positioning • Numerical and physical modelling of ice-interaction with bottom fixed and moored structures • Ice survey and ice management around moored systems and in harbours • Ice action on breakwaters and other coastal structures • Oil spills in icy waters and on icy coasts • Coupled effects of different physical parameters such as waves, currents, wind, ice, and low

temperatures. • Logistics (far away, dark and cold) • Foundation and design of support structures • Risk and reliability analysis of marine operations in relation to installation, production and

maintenance, prevention of big accidents • Waves and wave actions in deep and shallow waters • Erosion around foundations • Control and optimization of both single offshore windmills as well as offshore wind parks • Remote sensing and sub-sea robotics • Modelling and simulations of integrated systems and operations • Cost–effective production of ship, equipment and facilities for aquaculture • Aquaculture in exposed locations




Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: NTNU - Marine systems, Reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS), Engineering cybernetics, Structural engineering, Electronics and telecommunication, Telematics, MARINTEK, SINTEF, DNV, Statoil, equipment suppliers, consultants, ship yards, ship owners, aquaculture business, universities and colleges in Norway and internationally. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms and timeline: The Research council of Norway, EU, equipment suppliers, ship owners, oil companies, classification companies. A CRI application in cooperation with Maritim 21 should be developed. 3.6.3 Materials and constructions Research goal: Technology/system This priority area brings into focus the link between materials and the behaviour of construction, and two activity outlines are described below: 1) Structural security Relevant research groups at IVT: SIMLab, Department of Structural Engineering and Department of Marine structures, NTNU

Research challenges: Structures can suffer from unintentional external loads and it is thus an increasing need to protect critical infrastructure facilities and systems against terrorist acts, industrial accidents onshore and offshore as well as from natural hazards such as floods, wind and rock fall on roads. Included here are also transportation of dangerous goods, road infrastructure and car accidents. A rational approach for selecting appropriate protective measures is to carry out a risk management analysis. However, such an analysis has to cover the consequences of a given threat, accident or hazard. Thus, a detailed analysis of the response of the structure/facility subjected to the load from the defined incident is required. Here a fundamental understanding of the behaviour of materials and structures subjected to high rate loading is essential.

The research group SIMLab has been working in the field of structural impact for the last 25 years and the work has led to numerous scientific publications and international research cooperation. As a consequence the Research Council of Norway appointed the group as a Centre for Research-based Innovation for the period 2007-2014 with national and international partners (www.ntnu.edu/simlab). This has led to a series of meetings the last year with Norwegian industry as well as with the Norwegian National Security Authority (NSM), the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST), the Directorate for Civil Protection and Emergency Planning (DSB) and the Petroleum Safety Authority Norway (Petil). The conclusions from these meetings are that a long term research programme with focus on fundamental issues related structural security is need with master’s and PhD candidates. The research group plans to apply for a new centre for research-based Innovation where one of the research topics will be structural security.

http://www.ntnu.edu/simlab




Resources at IVT and potential research partners: The research methodology will be based on an integrated use of material modelling, numerical simulations and high precision physical experiments using existing test facilities at SIMLab previously developed in co-operation with industry, and new facilities as required by the research programme. Tests are also planned at the industrial and research partners.

Tentative research partners are SINTEF, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Marine Technology, NTNU.

Financing: SFI application in 2014. If the application is approved, a new Centre will start in 2015. 2) New material solutions Competence centers, most relevant groups at IVT: Nano Mechanics (KT), Materials (IPM), Building and Construction (BAT), Concrete (KT) Key research challenges: Materials and Nanotechnology are a trigger for innovation and value creation related to all of the four main objectives of IVT. Development of new materials and smart solutions in addition to the characterization and modeling of materials and structural properties and behavior are key topics to ensure Norwegian industry development and competitiveness in the international market in the future. Basic knowledge and skills in these areas will therefore be crucial for Norway. Activities in the energy sector, particularly oil and gas, will continue to have significant impact on employment and value creation in Norway. Norwegian suppliers are world leaders in the development and manufacture of advanced equipment for demanding environments (e.g. subsea production system). Future developments are moving towards production in increasingly extreme conditions (e.g. arctic regions, high pressure / high temperature) where materials technology becomes even more important. Increased oil production is another key research topic where the use of nanoparticles / nanofluids, can have a huge economic potential. The building and construction industry also face major materials engineering challenges, particularly related to energy efficient buildings. Nanotechnology will also be central in that area. In addition, the manufacturing industry in Norway has special needs and challenges related to materials technology and its use. Research areas: • Basic knowledge of materials behavior • Characterization of material properties • Interdisciplinary modeling of materials and components properties and behavior • Nanotechnology for customization of material properties • Development of new materials and engineering solutions based on composite materials • Nanotechnology for enhanced oil recovery • Development of new materials and design of energy efficient buildings • Optimization of manufacturing and production processes • Modeling of biological materials Resources at IVT and relevant partners for cooperation: Product Development, Building and Construction, Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics, Marine Structures, Biomechanics, DAM, Materials Technology (NT), ZEB, COIN,




Nowitech, electrical engineering and telecommunications. Materials technology is an important element in many of the proposed strategic focus areas. Active and close contact with those areas is important to ensure coordination and joint exploitation of resources at IVT. In addition, contact with industry in Norway will be important: oil companies, service and supply companies, the construction industry. Cooperation with colleges and universities in Norway and abroad will also be an important element. Relevant sources of financing / funding agencies and timeline: Research Council programs RENERGI, PETROMAKS NANO2021, EU FP7 NMP; Oil Companies, the supplier industry. In addition, materials science should join new SFF / SFI applications that IVT prioritizes to develop in the future 3.6.4 CO2 capture and storage Research goals: Energy, Ocean, Value creation Main responsible research groups: Thermal Energy (EPT), Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics (IPT)

Main challenges and research topics:

1. Thermal power generation processes that enable CO2 capture In traditional power generation processes with coal, oil and natural gas, the CO2 will be part of atmospheric flue gas at a relatively low concentration. CO2-separation will have to take place at low partial pressures and consequently high energy consumption. One challenge is to develop or adapt power cycles where CO2 can be separated at high partial pressure.

2. Integration of CO2 capture in industrial processes Although the largest sources of CO2 are power plants, there are a number of industrial processes (for example cement, refineries, natural gas processing, ammonia production, steel production, aluminum production) that emit significant amounts of CO2, and in some cases at high concentration. The challenge lies largely in process integration, as well as to consider how industrial processes can be modified for easier CO2 capture with regard to equipment requirements and energy consumption.

3. Process integration of sub-processes in CO2 capture for lower energy consumption Lower energy consumption for CO2 capture is a major challenge for cost reduction. In typical processes with CO2 capture there is a need for heating at different temperatures. CO2 capture requires large energy at low temperatures and the heat can potentially be taken from other sub-processes.

4. Reduced energy consumption in separation processes CO2 capture may involve the use of separation methods such as absorption, adsorption, membranes, distillation at low temperature, anti-sublimation, and air separation. Although these processes are known and used in industrial processes, it is – for the CO2 gas – a considerable potential for reducing energy consumption.

5. Transport and logistics in the transportation of CO2 CO2 will need to be captured from a variety of sources to help reducing the global greenhouse effect. The storage sites are typically in different locations to where CO2 is captured. Economic optimization of a large-size pipeline system for CO2 transport is a challenge.




Similarly, to find methods and technologies to prevent pipe rupture and leakage during variation of flow rates and associated pressure changes.

6. Safe and efficient storage of CO2 Storage of CO2 can be one of the biggest challenges to deploy CCS on a large scale. There is a great need to develop models for CO2 storage in various formations. Furthermore, there is a need for more knowledge about seal rocks above zones where CO2 can be stored, and there is a need for more knowledge about the chemistry between CO2 and rocks in the storage zone.

7. Operation and reliability for systems with CO2 capture CO2 capture from a large number of power plants (many hundreds in Europe to have an impact on the greenhouse effect) implies that many of the power plants with CO2 capture must be operated on varying and at times at low loads. This requires that the CO2 capture process must be able to capture CO2 from a variable gas flow and variable concentration of CO2. This involves evaluating and analyzing load changes and transient conditions.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Industrial ecology, industrial process engineering, fluid engineering, safety and reliability, chemical engineering, engineering cybernetics, computer technology and telematics. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: The oil and gas industry, engineering companies, suppliers, NFR, EU. An important initiative within CCS at NTNU is ECCSEL - an initiative to create a pan-European world class Research Infrastructure of CCS laboratories and pilots within the ESFRI Roadmap. 3.6.5 Safety, risk analysis and prevention of major accidents Research Goal: Enabling technology/system. Main responsible research groups: RAMS (IPK), Main challenges and research topics Society increasingly focuses on protecting people, the environment and critical functions against the effects of major accidents. Society expects that technological developments and new operational activities that have a potential for causing major accidents, such as the oil and gas industry, do not jeopardize safety. If the industry is unable to meet this expectation, it can be expected that planned activities e.g. in vulnerable environmental areas will be stopped. The Petroleum Safety Authority has set as their ambition that Norway should be a world leader in safety in the oil and gas industry. This will require new knowledge and new methods, in particular to prevent accidents from occurring. This also includes more knowledge about consequence phenomena, to enable this to be taken into account when new technical solutions are developed. Prioritized research areas are:

• Risk analysis methods that are better suited for analyzing complex systems where operational and environmental factors are continuously changing.

• Methods to analyze and evaluate the effect of risk reducing measures in complex systems where interaction between humans, technology and organizations is a key to maintaining safety.




• Methods for evaluating the integrity of safety barriers, focusing in particular on safety instrumented systems. Develop more knowledge of factors that influence the integrity in all phases of system design and operation.

• Models showing how maintenance influences the probability of and the consequences of major accidents.

• Models that can help to predict how an accident develops, thereby providing improved decision support in accidents, to reduce the consequences. Develop models and methods for analyzing risk in marine operations.

In addition to method development, there is also a need for basic research related to major accident phenomena, such as:

• Large scale experiments with fire and LNG releases in cooperation with the Norwegian Fire Research Laboratory.

• Develop models to describe the interaction between turbulent flow and chemical reactions; use of turbulence models and mechanisms for chemical kinetics in numerical fluid mechanics.

• Numerical calculations based on large eddy simulation and direct numerical simulation of turbulent combustion; test simpler, but advanced methods to calculate large scale fire development.

• Develop modes for thermodynamic properties for situations with rapid pressure and temperature changes, combined with numerical flow models.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Approx. 12 professors and 3 adjunct professors, ROSS Gemini Center, Thermal energy, Fluids Engineering, Marine systems, Building and Construction Engineering, research groups at other faculties at NTNU, SINTEF, consultancy companies (DNV, Scandpower, Safetec, etc.), Petroleum Safety Authority, Norwegian Directorate for Civil Protection and Emergency Planning. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Oil and gas industry, consultancy companies, departments and authorities, research council

3.6.6 Clean water for Norway and the world Related research goal: Functional and sustainable infrastructure and built environment. Center of competence, most relevant departments at IVT Faculty: Water and wastewater engineering (IVM), Industrial ecology (EPT) Key research challenges: Population growth, urbanization, climate changes and increasing demands to maintain environmental standards are major challenges for water and wastewater systems. The systems are often old and worn out, not only from a global perspective but also to a great extent in Norway (ref.“State of the Nation”, 2010, 2012). The frequency of flooding in urban areas and disruption in water supply or drainage systems due to breakdowns or capacity shortfalls is increasing. Subsequently, significant investments in this infrastructure are to be expected in the coming decades, where leading economists predict that the global water and wastewater industry will experience a formidable economic growth in the 21st century. Challenges and opportunities this represents will require a substantial effort and increase in research initiatives. Some examples include:




• Safe drinking water by the removal of all kinds of contaminants, requiring new treatment

technologies that are energy efficient and optimized. • Energy efficient wastewater treatment, advanced treatment for water reuse, and optimizing

bio-energy production from sludge • Storm water management strategies to meet climate change issues and urbanization • Sustainable rehabilitation/renewal of current urban water systems, construction of new

systems, including geographical information systems of the infrastructures • Water quality in aquaculture – advanced treatment recycling aquaculture systems and

reducing discharge • Export of fresh water from Norway to Europe – appropriate solutions for transport • Treatment of process water from oil and gas exploitation Resources at IVT’s and potential collaboration partners: IVT currently hosts an internationally recognized research group in this area. Research activities encompass in principle the whole urban water chain from source to tap (eg. transport, treatment and distribution) and consumer to recipient (e.g. wastewater collection, transport, treatment and discharge to the recipient). IVT facilities include a dedicated water analysis laboratory, research halls for drinking water and wastewater studies, and an advanced urban runoff field station at Risvollan. There is a well-established collaboration with research groups at SINTEF and other departments at NTNU, e.g. chemistry, chemical engineering, biotechnology, risk analysis and industrial ecology. Other central laboratories for working on clean water outside of IVT are the NTNU NanoLab and NTNU Sealab. There is a potential to develop further collaboration with geomatics and structural engineering on specific topics. Furthermore, strengthening and developing current collaboration between the IVT’s research group and industrial and public agencies needs to be continued. Relevant funding sources and time-lines: International industry; Direct financing of research and support for upgrading of laboratories (example Siemens, Statoil, Metawater, Norconsult, Asplan VIAK). In 2013 1 post doctor and 2 PhD students Norwegian municipalities and industry: Prof II position EU: Participation in projects: TRUST (ongoing), future calls/programs. This includes 1 PhD student in 2013 in collaboration with industrial ecology. NTNU’s PhD programs currently 3 post-docs and 4 PhD students External project funding (i.e. received outside of NTNU) will total NOK 2 million in the current year (2013). The goal is to double this amount by 2015 and to maintain a level of around NOK 5 million NOK until 2020. 3.6.7 Natural gas, oil and bioenergy – processing, transport and end use Related research goal: Energy, Ocean, Value creation Center of competence, most relevant departments at IVT Faculty: Industrial process technology, Thermal Energy, Fluids engineering, industrial ecology (EPT) Key research challenges: Thermo dynamics, fluid dynamics, mass- and heat transport, numerical modelling for:




1. Multiphase transport. Efficient development of new oil and gas fields depend on efficient well

streams. Challenges are related to understanding the physics and 3D transient calculation models for multiphase flow.

2. Wet gas compression. Enhanced oil and gas recovery will require use of wellhead compression, but development of equipment for wet gas compression is at a very early stage. Challenges are related to understanding the thermodynamics for multiphase fluids as well as design and development of equipment for compression.

3. Gas processing. Separation processes for natural gas, challenges are related to reduction of size and energy consumption in separation processes.

4. LNG‐production and –transport. Processing systems for cooling, separation and liquidation of natural gases and transport of LNG. Challenges are related to process design, the balance between low energy consumption and complex operation as well as design of heat exchangers at low temperature differences.

5. Dry gas compression. Pipe transport to or from gas processing facilities where main challenges are low energy consumption and stabile operation.

6. Biomass fuel, heat- and power production: preparation and upgrading, transport, combustion, pollution and gas purification.

7. Bio refinery: integrated production of new products and application areas, parallel production of fuel, electricity and chemicals, process integration of heat recovery for maximum effect, conversion and selectivity.

8. Process integration. Utilization of heat recovery technology for gas processing. 9. Natural gas end use– Combustion processes and chemical conversion. Natural gas combustion

technologies, i.e. in gas powerplants, process design and energy consumption in production and use of synthesis gas.

10. Safety – fire and gas proliferation. Terminal strain on structures in cases of fire/flames and the course of gas leakages and risk of combustion and explosions.

11. Operation and reliability. Optimal operation and maintenance, balancing between complex low energy consumption processes and simpler, more reliable processes.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Petroleum technology and applied geophysics, RAMS, Marine systems, Marine structures, Chemical process technology (NT), Technical cybernetics (IME), SINTEF Energy Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Oil and gas industry, Engineering companies, supplier industry, Energy companies, forest and agriculture industry (biomass) 3.6.8 Offshore wind Research goal: Energy Main responsible research groups: Fluids Engineering (EPT), Marine Constructions (IMT), Marine Civil Engineering (BAT), and Geotechnics (BAT) Main challenges and research topics: Successful installation and operation of offshore wind farms requires a high level of competence with marine operations. In Norway we have a long tradition in this through the shipping and petroleum industry. However, offshore wind turbines bring with them a number of additional issues. The main challenge for offshore wind energy is to reduce the costs, such that this source of energy becomes more competitive. This requires research in many areas, among others:




Characteristics of offshore wind and aerodynamic loads; Measurements of offshore wind from the test station at Titran show significant deviations from what is defined in the relevant standards. A better data basis is needed, from measurements over a longer period. These measurements will also be used when developing models that allow for predicting changes in wind speed or direction, in order to adaptively control wind turbines before these changes occur. Another requirement are detailed measurements of turbulence, potentially resulting in better design criteria for calculating dynamic loads on wind turbine blades. There exist great uncertainties in loads calculated due to turbulence. Different CFD models provide estimates of turbulent energy that differ by a factor of up to 200. There therefore exists a need for developing more reliable calculation methods. In large wind parks many turbines will operate in the “wake” behind other turbines. The effect on such downstream turbines is greatly influenced by both distances between the turbines, and by the chosen control strategies. Offshore wind measurements will provide an important basis for extending the study of wind turbine interactions with wind characteristics up to full-scale. Foundations and support structures; The large number of load cycles means that wind turbines are strongly affected by fatigue. It is also important to avoid structural eigenfrequencies close to the dominant loading frequencies. Detailed knowledge of stiffness and damping, of both the foundation and the support structure, are necessary for eigenfrequency and fatigue analyses. The current development leads to continuously increasing turbine size and deeper waters. For floating turbines completely new concepts have to be developed. Other important research topics are: cost reduction with regard to manufacturing, and the development of safer and more effective marine operations for installation and operation of turbines. Effective manufacturing, assembly, and installation of offshore wind turbines; Competitive production of offshore wind turbines requires a significant reduction of capital costs. Wind projects consist of a series of very similar installations, with great potential for repetition, standardization and increasing effectiveness. It is therefore important to develop manufacturing and logistics models that incorporate innovations in automation or IT, in order to realize the most possible and cost efficient production, assembly, and installation of offshore wind turbines. Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Fluids Engineering for detailed wind tunnel studies and as operator for the measurement station at Titran. SINTEF is an important partner for calculations. Analyses of structures and foundations by Marine Constructions, Marine Civil Engineering and Geotechnics. Project management and manufacturing systems for effective production and assembly of wind turbines. NOWITECH (The Norwegian Research Centre for Offshore Wind Technology), Technical Cybernetics, and Electric Power Engineering. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Funding of a professor at Geotechnics for five years (DNV); Funding of a PostDoc at Geotechnics (NFR); Two PhD positions at Geotechnics via ISP (Norconsult); Partial funding of a PhD within Geotechnics. The aim is to establish an EU project in corporation with universities in Dundee, Bristol, Ålborg, etc.

3.6.9 Sustainable and innovative industry in Norway Research goal: Value creation




Main responsible research groups: Production Management (IPK), Production Systems (IPK), Product Design (IPD), Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (IPM), Industrial Process Technology (EPT) Main challenges and research topics: Norwegian society is dependent on sustainable value creation, and the industrial sector is the backbone in this value creation. Developing, exploiting and managing technology for the design, development, production and supply of products and services must be prioritised and should be based on Norway's natural and competence-based resources. Tomorrow's products, services, production systems, supply chains and infrastructure must meet the requirements for sustainability. Further, processes and products must be efficient with regards to energy consumption, time and materials, and should be supported by intelligent systems. Research will be targeted towards creating a future for sustainable production in Norway:

• Design, development and production of complex and advanced technological products rooted in national and regional strengths and competitive advantages (offshore, subsea, marine, sustainable energy, arctic technology, electronics, etc.)

• Industrial and commercial supply chains for food products and fish, with a focus on sustainability, quality and regional distinctive characteristics and experiences

• The future extended and comprehensive products with high user value and a high degree of services and ICT-based service enhancements

• Design and development of new sustainable products and production processes within existing product areas, as well as new fields such as nanotechnology and functional materials

• Design and development of services and governance structures which safeguard Norwegian competitiveness

The research will enable development of more basic and generic competences with focus on development of theory, empirical insights, concepts and models. The research needs will be consolidated within a forum of industry executives and further strengthened through systematic researcher training in tight collaboration with educational activities. This will also be used as a basis for applied research in close collaboration with SINTEF, Norwegian industry and public authorities. Thematically, the research will be focused on three areas:

• Intelligent and extended products with high value creation: It is essential to develop and exploit new knowledge on humans' interaction with products, product development processes, new technology, new materials and production processes. This knowledge should be used as a basis for development of more attractive products and associated services within a number of industrial sectors, such as goods production, processing industries, marine operations, oil and gas, consultancy, etc.

• Intelligent production and development systems: The ability to innovate, develop and produce products and services efficiently and of high quality is key to industrial competitiveness in a high-cost country such as Norway. This requires intelligent systems for decision support, and effective management and re-use of knowledge in value creation.

• Sustainable and integrated supply chains based on new technology: The research challenge is related to the need to realise integrated and sustainable operations in globally distributed supply chains both in industry and public administration through the utilisation




of new technology. Also, new concepts and solutions for the control of operations and maintenance processes are required.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: SINTEF Techynology and Society, SINTEF Material and Chemistry, SINTEF Raufoss Manufacturing, Maritime and offshore industry (Maritim og offshore industri), industrial economics and technology management (IØT) at SVT, IBI and IBT at NT, IDI at IME. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Research goals will be achieved through the establishment of a Centre for Research-based Innovation (CRI) by 2015, and a forum for executives and a PhD school/forum from 2013. 3.6.10 Hydropower for Norway and the world Related research goal: Energy Center of competence, most relevant departments at IVT: Fluids engineering (EPT) and Hydraulic engineering (IVM) Key research challenges: The below mentioned challenges exist in Norway as well as in other parts of the world. NTNU has played and will continue to play a major role in the transfer of knowledge to the developing countries, and in strengthening the nexus between academia and industry. • Design of hydropower systems: The majority of the Norwegian hydropower systems have

been developed and built in the second half of the last century. They suit totally different conditions, as we are facing today and in the future. This will affect all areas of planning, building and operation of hydro power systems, like e.g. hydrology, market, other energy sources as well as the use of new technologies. The Norwegian hydropower system will have to be re-designed to a great extent to meet the requirements for a modern hydropower system. The most important renewable energy source in Norway and in rest of the world for the next 20 to 50 years will be hydropower.

• Pumped-storage power plants and increased efficiency on the existing power plants: New renewable energy as wind power, wave power and small hydropower plants do not have any capacity for storing energy or peak regulation, and therefore they will be dependent on an alternative regulating mechanism in the energy system. Pumped-storage power plants should be built to enhance the long-term energy storage in the high altitude reservoirs as a component for balancing of energy systems in the future. Hydraulic structures should be adapted to pumping and peaking operation of hydropower plant. In light of the future European energy systems the operating modes of the hydropower systems will have to be altered. This will lead to changed demands on water ways and hydropower structures.

• Operation and maintenance of hydropower turbines: Todays hydropower plants are faced with numerous load fluctuations during the course of the day and have to compensate for more frequent start-stops than they were originally designed for. This leads to an enormous stress constraint the turbines are exposed to, which influence the lifetime of the turbines in a negative way. Also changed operation schemes contribute to increased pressure pulsations which may result in abrasion and fatigue fracture of the turbine components.

• High-pressure hydropower plants including small turbines and hydropower plants: The majority of the hydropower plants in Norway are high pressure power plants. Thus, over the years excellent knowledge on high pressure Francis and Pelton turbines has been developed, as well as on the design and operation of these kind of power plants. This technology must be




developed further, and Norway, being one of the few countries having this technology, has to play a vital role in this. Also the further development of small hydro power plants demands improved technology of hydraulic structures such as intake channels, water ways and turbines.

• Sedimentation in reservoirs and intake structures, measurements and simulations: In countries where sediments and sedimentation is a major problem, sustainable construction of hydropower plants is a big challenge. To keep up with the current demand of knowledge and technologies it is necessary to enhance research in the field of numerical modeling, physics of sediment transport, measurement methods for sediment transport and design of hydraulic structures to manage problems associated with sedimentation.

• Dams and dam safety: Constructing a dam ensures storage of water and deliver the necessary head of water for power production. Dam-building has to evolve by using new and better technologies. Safety of dams is indispensable not merely for the hydropower plants they serve, but also for the surrounding region downstream.

• Hydrology for operation and planning: Variable hydropower production calls for the use of modern methods for inflow prognoses with a high time resolution. New technologies also uncover new possibilities for the use of on-site and remotely-measured data in hydrological models. Keywords for research: Effective distributed models, parallel processing, assimilation of large data volumes and process hydrology and metrology. Another topic is the effects of climate change influencing inflows and flooding and changes in snow and ice conditions.

• Waterways and the environment: The research will contribute further to work at FME CEDREN. Important topics: Effects of dynamic changes in water discharge and water head, water consumption in hydropower plants on local as well as global levels and flexible environment-friendly water discharge and optimizing the mechanisms to counter adverse effects.

IVT’s local resources and relevant collaboration partners: Engineering geology and rock mechanics, Geotechnical engineering, Building and construction engineering, Materials technology, Electric power engineering, SINTEF, Statkraft, Energy Norway. IVT is internationally recognized for research in Hydropower technology and for its exclusive laboratories in the field of Hydropower and Hydraulic engineering. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Norwegian Research Council, (RENERGI will make a new announcement in 2012), ENOVA, NVE, Hydro Power sector via Energy Norway, Statkraft and FME CEDREN.

3.6.11 Sustainable societal development Associated research objectives: energy, value added (manufacturing), infrastructure / built environment, oceans Competence, most relevant groups at IVT: Industrial Ecology

Key research challenges: There is a strong focus on moving social and technological development onto a sustainable path to reduce resource use and protect climate and biodiversity, for example through the EU flagship initiative "Resource Efficient Europe". There is a need for insight and decision support, both strategically on a societal level and operationally linked to key activities and sectors.




• Understand opportunities to optimize future sustainable utilization of natural resources through the design, selection and management of technical systems. This includes production technology, infrastructure, consumption patterns and recycling / reuse.

• Build modeling tools and methods based on combining current approaches (life cycle analysis, material flow analysis, input-output analysis, scenario modeling) with integrated socio-metabolic models and automated methods for data collection, processing and analysis.

• Develop insights into fundamental cause-effect relationships of the social metabolism through empirical analysis of modeling parameters for hypothesis development and testing.

• Develop and apply methods to assess the use and conservation (including recycling) of scarce resources, including energy, materials and bio-resources, and minimizing their environmental impact. This will be done in collaboration with research groups with expertise in the areas of application.

• Methods for assessment of environmental impacts, e.g. of activities at sea and in the Arctic, and for integrating socio-metabolism and environmental models

• Develop tools for analyzing individual systems and regional sustainability solutions, in partnership with experts in the application areas (energy, buildings and infrastructure, marine, materials, policy and management, design)

Resources by IVT and relevant partners, Product design, products and production processes, data and data modeling, as well as various areas of application at IVT, SVT, NT and others. Several external partners through project cooperation (EU, NFR, FME, industry).

Relevant sources of financing / funding agencies and timeline: FME CENSES, EU projects (DESIRE, PROSUITE, TRUST, ADVANCE), NFR projects, development and operation of research infrastructure for data gathering and utilization, collaboration projects with multiple internal and external partners. 3.6.12 Mapping, characterization and sustainable mining of onshore and offshore

mineral resources Research objectives: Value creation, also relevant for the other objectives defined in this document Main responsible research groups: Mineral production and HSE, Geology, Engineering geology and rock mechanics (IGB) Main challenges and research topics: Increasing demand for mineral resources, environmental concerns in mineral search and extraction as well as need for new technological solutions. Prospecting and geo-modelling: • New geological search models for mineral deposits onshore and offshore • Geological and geophysical mapping and deposit modelling • Studying the magnetic properties of minerals and rocks • Use of 3D models, digital maps of surface, sea-bed and underground Extraction: • Mining and production of aggregates • Environment friendly dressing methods




• Recycling, urban mining and other end use options Deposits, landfill and environment: • End-of-life deposits, sea deposits • Hydrogeology and geothermals • Geohazards and stability of uncompacted materials • Stability and use of underground deposits (eg. ”HC”, CO2) Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Research groups at IGB, IPT, IMT and BAT, NGU, AUR-Lab, Materials technology and chemical process technology (NT), SINTEF. Laboratory development: • Ongoing major upgrading (dressing, eng./rock mechanics, mineralogy-geochemistry, NT/IGB

EM-lab) • New equipment for magnetic measures and advanced microscopy

Lab cooperation: • NGU field lab/geophysical measures and instruments, dating of minerals Relevant sources of financing / funding agencies and timeline: Involve in cooperation with NT/IPT/Marin, and NGU in particular. Horizon 2020, NFR. Upcoming new NFR-program (MinForsk) and Horizon 2020. PhD and professorates. 3.6.13 Safe, efficient and sustainable road, rail and costal transportation Research goal: Infrastructure/ built environment Main responsible research groups: Road and Transport, Structural engineering, Geotechnical engineering, Geology, Marine Civil Engineering, Building and Construction Main challenges and research topics: The National Transport plan for 2014 to 2023 indicates that the infrastructure of Norway is in poor condition and there is a great need for new solutions and substantial rehabilitation of roads, railways and harbours. Similar challenges are also found all over the world. The number of traffic fatalities has decreased steadily over the years, but is still unacceptably high. Sustainable planning and construction should provide optimal infrastructure, a long term perspective on land use, efficient transport, safe roads, good communities, a reduction in dust/noise pollution, and a reduction of greenhouse gasses. Several European programs and projects address these issues. In Horizon 2020, 31.7 billion Euro have been dedicated to solve the social challenges that Europe face. Six defined key-areas have been prioritized. Two of these are: (1) Smart, green, integrated transport and (2) Climate action, resource efficiency and raw materials. ECTP is starting a program entitled "Research for Future Infrastructure Networks in Europe” (reFINE), and ERA net Roads priorities include: (1) Intelligent infrastructure, (2) Efficient and lasting maintenance strategies, (3) Sustainable and energy-efficient transport solutions. The NFR has prioritised the consequences of climatic change within their plans, including NOU 2010:10 “Tilpassning til et klima i endring”(Adaptation to a




changing climate). Research on transport solutions depend on digital representation of the built environment for efficient flow of information, planning, design, numerical simulations, visualisation, project management, efficient construction, operation, maintenance and administration. In this setting the opportunities in Geomantic (GIS, ITS and BIM) should be developed further. Focus areas for sustainable and safe transport solutions should include: Traffic-modelling,

Traffic safety, urban transport infrastructure

(Responsible: Civil and transport –Road and transport)

Research for smart, green and integrated transport should include the development of better transport models, traffic control and surveillance (use of ITS). Focus areas should be traffic safety, commercial transport and urban transport including solutions for walking, bicycling and collective transport and accessibility for disabled people. The research should contribute to good, sustainable city areas without pollutions (dust, noise, smoke)

Bridges and new record breaking crossings of fjords

(Responsible: Structural engr – Concrete and structural mechanics

Research for new types of bridges open the possibilities for ferry free connections where this has been deemed possible. The development of longer suspension bridges, floating bridges and submerged floating tunnels set high demands to advanced material technology and mindblowing innovation.

Risk and vulnerability analyses, uncertainties in load effects and dynamic behaviour must be studied. Improved models for extreme nature loads including wind, waves, current, ice and seismic activity are necessary for reliable solutions. Research is also needed to provide for the safety, reliability and extended life-time of existing bridges. Systems for surveillance using measurements of the dynamic response should be developed further. Research with special focus on high quality concrete for extreme structures is recommended. Focus on extended life-time and durability should be increased, specifically concerning corrosion of reinforcement and maintenance of concrete in bridges for sustainable solutions. Bridges using wood as construction material are interesting, partly motivated by resource and environmental concerns. However, research is needed to determine an appropriate lifetime.

Pavement technology, underground facilities in towns, tunnels in rock and soil.

(Responsible: Civil and transport+ geology and rock engr.)

Utilization of underground spaces in cities could be improved through research on rock mechanics. Ambitions of faster regional transport will require larger and more tunnels. R&D on planning and construction of long tunnels with very high stress levels in the rock is becoming more important. Research on materials for pavements and base course in laboratory and field is necessary for resilient solutions and increased lifetime based on local resources.

Railway.

High speed intercity. Improved supply in densely populated areas. Freight

Significant research effort is necessary for the railway industry. Using the same amount of energy could a railway system transport twice as many persons as gasoline powered cars and four times as many as by air travel. Railways at higher speeds demand improved solutions regarding dynamic forces between trains and power supply lines, interaction between structures and soil, vibrations, routines for construction and maintenance of the track and increased




transportation

(Responsible Civil and transport engr + Structural engr. + geology and rock engr.

loads for new and existing railway brides.

For existing railway lines problems with avalanches both in rock/soil and snow are very important. Good integration of a fast railway system together with other modes of transport is important to maximise the benefit of the investment. Development of models for simulation of goods and people will be a useful tool.

Sustainability, rehabilitation, operation and maintenance (Responsible: IndEcol + Civil and transport engr

Assessment of resource use, environmental impact, technological alternatives for design, construction, operation, estimation of lifetime, durability, material flow analyses and life-cycle analyse. Develop rehabilitation methods and structures that minimize the need for costly maintenance and secure long lifetime.

Costal and harbour,

(Responsible: Marine construction

Transport on ship should be utilized for integrated and environmental friendly transport solutions. Norway has a long coastline and we have a potential by improving sustainable solutions for efficient and safe transport at sea through research on good harbours including fishery harbours (breakwater and quays) and ship routes. Research should also cover environmental challenges in dredging and depositing, and also the special challenges in artic areas (SFI SAMCoT)

Climate, avalanches and flooding (Responsible: Geotechnical engr + geology and rock engr + Vater and Environment)

Closed road and railways due to extreme rainfall, avalanches and flooding give large cost for society. Research must continue on triggering mechanisms, consequences from and prevention of damages associated to extreme rainfall, flooding, flood induced avalanches, sludge avalanches, rock avalanches, rockfall, and soil avalanches especially in quick-clay areas.

Research to determine correct design of headwater connected to roads and railways, design of culverts, pollution of river systems etc. due to changed climatic conditions. Development and use of digital maps and surveillance by use of satellites or other ways opens up new possibilities for this type of research.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: Strengthening of laboratories for concrete, wood, pavement engineering, geotechnical engineering, geology and rock mechanics, traffic user behaviour (driving simulator). Cooperation with Norwegian Public Roads Administration, the Norwegian Rail Administration, Norwegian Coastal Administration, department of Department of Telematics and SINTEF. For other national and international partners refer to list for each research group. This will vary between work packages as indicated above. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Considerable opportunities in EU Horizon 2020. We are aiming for a major research initiative/program with significant contributions from industry organized as an EU-project with BAT acting as the responsible partner. Other funding sources are Norwegian Research Council. Financing will be applied for NRC/EU/responsible government bodies in alliance with international partners giving weight to production of PhD degrees. It is possible to form a “School for research” Research in part of this area will benefit from the




competence gained in SFI COIN (2007- 2014) and SFF GEOHAZARDS (2003 – 2012). A pre-project with one year duration should be started in fall 2012 to make this research initiative more specific. 3.6.14 Green shipping – safe, sustainable and energy effective Research goals: Sustain Norway’s position as world leader of the oceans. Main responsible research group: Department of Marine Technology (Marine Construction Group and Marine Systems Group). Main challenges and research topics: Energy usage for ship propulsion lead to emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). With ambitions to reduce GHG emissions in the order of 50 % - 85 % in 2050 compared to today‘s level, this will also affect maritime transportation as international shipping is responsible for approximately 3 % of global CO2 emissions. Norway, as a leading maritime nation, with a large fleet of vessels, and leading groups within research and development, classification and technology suppliers, should act upon these challenges. NTNU’s contribution is to address research within safe, sustainable and energy effective shipping, an important multidisciplinary topic requiring competence from subject areas as hydrodynamics, marine machinery and process engineering, marine system design and operation, marine power engineering and cybernetics, marine construction, and RAMS. Application areas: Maritime, oil & gas, fisheries. Research topics:

• Radical and innovative, energy effective ship and propulsion designs. • Operation profiles and resistance and marine machinery configuration in real sea

conditions. • Energy effective hull and propulsion system design. • Hull fouling. • Energy effective (hybrid) machinery and power/energy management system design. • Alternative marine fuels – use and availability. • Risk based design. • Sustainable, Arctic shipping. • Harvesting, recovery and storage of energy. • Operation and maintenance optimization for energy effectiveness. • Accident models and RAMS.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: NTNU: Dept. of Process Engineering, Dept. of Technical Cybernetics, Dept. of Electric Power Engineering, RAMS Group (IPK). Other: MARINTEK, DNV, RRM/UTC, ship designers, yards, technology suppliers, universities and university colleges in Norway and abroad. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms:




Research Council applications: Centres of Excellence (SFI)’, call deadline ultimo 2013/ primo 2014; Competence projects (KPN). EU Horizon 2020 has topics for research calls that are relevant. 3.6.15 Energy efficient and functional buildings Research goal: Energy, infrastructure/built environment Main responsible research groups: Department of Civil and Transport Engineering (BAT), Department of Energy and Process Engineering (EPT), IndEcol, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of Culture Main challenges and research topics: The building sector accounts for 40 % of the land based energy use in Norway. Zero emission buildings, passive houses and plus houses make it possible to achieve a substantial reduction. Research on reduced use of primary energy and energy efficiency should be prioritized to reach goals for reduced carbon emission. For new buildings and retrofitting the choices of materials and solutions must give a high degree of safety against moisture problems and emission of dangerous substances and allergens, due to for example mould growth. Increased insulation and air tightness of buildings put higher requirements to reliable HVAC-facilities for supply of fresh air and removal of surplus heat. It is a research goal that buildings also should be able to produce energy. In urban areas with dwellings, offices, schools, shopping malls and swimming halls the surplus energy could be exchanged between buildings or be exported to the grid. The interaction between the building and grid becomes important. For energy efficient buildings to be accepted it is important that new solutions contribute both to the private economy and the social costs. Solutions must also be able to handle future climate changes, NOU 2010: 10 “Adaption to a climate in change”. Prioritized research areas Subject Description Sustainability (Responsible: BAT, IndEcol + AB faculty.)

Research will be conducted on building concepts for energy-saving measures and sustainability in regard to economy, resources, fire technical requirements and environmental impact. Sustainability Impact Assessment (SIA) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Facility Management (FM) concepts must be developed and utilized for alternative building concepts. Technical installations shall be developed in regard to the need and behaviour of the users for various categories of buildings (according to type of building, building period and safety requirements). This must include studies in social science.

Development of new technology for new low energy buildings and plus houses. (Responsible: AB, EPT, BAT)

Development of building technological solutions for extremely insulating building envelope, such as zero emission buildings: ZEB (NFR). Increased use of new materials and components based on new types of super insulating thermal insulation materials, building integrated solar cells, smart windows (electrochrome windows) and nano-technological possibilities. Research on building physics for development of robust and durable solutions where we avoid moisture problems and can handle future climate changes. Development of energy efficient ventilation-, heating- and cooling solutions. The possibilities within BIM should be developed for information




handling, simulation, design, surveillance, operation and control of energy consumption.

Increased energy efficiency in existing buildings (Responsible: BAT, EPT, AB)

In 50 years most of today’s buildings will still be in use. It is by that reason important to put the focus on existing buildings. New super insulating materials will make it possible to reduce the thickness of todays’ solutions for retrofit insulation, which often are unfavourable in regard to economical, practical and environmental issues. For existing buildings moisture and preservation issues give considerable research challenges.

Challenges in regard to sustainable use of wood and concrete in buildings (Responsible: KT concrete, KT Kmek)

Concrete is the most used building material worldwide. The production of cement demands large amounts of energy. Improvements and changes of concrete as a building material may therefore give huge benefits for the society, both economically and environmentally. SFI Coin is a central commitment in that field. Some challenges are self-compacting concrete, new binding agents, control of fissures to secure tightness and durability, maintenance and repair for corrosion of reinforcement and frost deterioration. Wood is a renewable and CO2-binding material resource which is produced with low energy input and can be energy-recycled. This enters into NTNU’s priority on wood and EU programs for bio based economy (KBBE), Forest Technology Platform and the new BIOTEK program from NFR. Central research issues are multi-story wooden buildings, effective and prefabricated joints and development of new and multifunctional wood based materials (fibre composites) by the use of nano technology.

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners: The proposed research area is given priority by EU and NFR (RENERGI and FME). Examples of partners are: AB-faculty, SINTEF, Enova, property management companies (Entra, Statsbygg, Forsvarsbygg, DNB Eiendom), housing cooperatives (OBOS, TOBB), equipment suppliers (Systemair, Swegon, Oso), material producers (Glava, Rockwool, Sunde), contractors (Skanska, YIT etc.), consultants (Multiconsult, Norconsult, etc). For wood structures: Wood Future and Sustainable Urban Infrastructure. For concrete: New initiatives such as Nanocem. Relevant funding sources and mechanisms: Focus on ZEB and other new research initiatives aiming for an EU program or SFI. There are concrete plans for a program on reduced emissions from existing buildings. Timeline: Autumn 2012; internal workgroup is established, sketch for application is made. Spring 2013: Sketch for application is developed further and partnerships are established. Challenge: Uncertain when next call for SFI or FME is given. It will probably be impractical to establish a consortium long ahead of a call. Smaller research programs within BIA (BIP, KMB) or similar could be an alternative. Initiatives on the other research initiatives in the table will be concretized in cooperation between the responsible research groups within the frame of prioritized subject in EU, NFR and the industry.

3.6.16 Engineering, planning and management of complex projects Research goal Research goal Better engineering planning and execution to achieve the right projects and better performance (time, cost, quality, SHE) in complex projects, Key focus: Achieve shorter project life cycle




Main responsible research groups IPK (Production and Quality Engineering), BAT (Civil and Transport Engineering) Main challenges and research topics Complex projects pose strict requirements in terms of competence within engineering, planning, and execution of projects. Such projects are common in many sectors; construction, oil and gas, chemical plants, ship-building, etc. Size, stakeholder composition, global dimension, etc. create complexity that introduces risk and opportunities that must be mastered. Multitudes of involved actors must be coordinated, the value chains offer incentives that counter collaboration and encourage sub-optimization. The quality of the engineering materials determines the performance of the execution phase. 4D and 5D BIM models have been introduced during the last years, but these methods still require much work to be fully mastered. Especially in the civil construction industry, there is a need for improved productivity and higher innovation speed. The introduction of lean principles, more industrialization, etc. are helping, but take-up is still much too slow. The main research focus areas are: Speedier decision process Faster execution of complex projects BIM applied in production planning Integration of partnering, contracts with target pricing, and incentives Performance measurement and benchmarking of projects Partnering Mega projects Global projects Business mindset in projects

Local resources and most relevant cooperation partners Research groups at NTNU (IPK, BAT, IØT, AB), SINTEF Industrial Management, Stanford, Berkeley, Aalto, and many other international partners Relevant funding sources and mechanisms RCN; BIA and SFI Norwegian industry; industrial projects and PhD




4 Abbreviations used in this document Short Full description AUR-lab Applied Underwater Robotics laboratories BAE industry Building, construction and engineering industry BAT Dep. Of Civil and transport engineering BIM Building information modelling CCS Carbon Capture and Storage, DMF Faculty of Medicine, NTNU ECCSEL European Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage Laboratories EPT Dep. Of Energy and process engineering ERA European Research Area EU FP7 EUs 7th Framework Program for research (2007 – 2013) FME Research center for environmental friendly energy HF Faculty of Humanities IGB Dep. of geology and mineral resources engineering IME Faculty of information technology, mathematics and electrical engineering IMT Dep. Of Marine technology Ind-Ecol Industrial ecology IPD Dep. of product design IPK Dep. of production and quality engineering IPM Dep. Of engineering design and materials IPT Dep. Of petroleum engineering and applied geophysics IVM Dep. Of hydraulics and environmental engineering IVT Faculty of Engineering Science and technology JRC Joint Research Center KBBE Knowledge based bio economy (EU FP7 program) KMB Competence building project (NFR project model) KT Dep. Of Structural Engineering NFR Research council of Norway NGO Non-Governmental organizations NGU Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, National Geology knowledge institution NT Faculty of Natural sciences and Technology NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology RAMS Reliability, availability, maintainability, safety SFF Center for Research excellence SFI Center for Research based innovation (CRI) SIMLab Structural Impact Laboratory SVT Faculty of Social Sciences and technology Management

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