November Almanac, 2013 c)2013 Almanac using 34 sources, by Susan Curnow Breedlove

The Freezing Moon Month/Gashkadino Gisiss in Ojibwe

11 hlis (Hmong), Noviembre (Spanish), novembre (French), shí yī yuè (Chinese), jūichigatsu (Japanese) Flower: Chrysanthemum

Birthstone: Topaz (symbolizing fidelity)

November is National American Indian Heritage Month

Quote of the Month selected by students of Mr. Pelini’s 3rd hour class:

“When the power of love, overcomes the love of power, the world will know peace.” Jimi Hendrix, musician, singer, songwriter, guitarist, Cherokee as well as African American,

born Nov. 27, 1942.

Friday, November 1 It is also ALL SAINTS DAY OR ALL HALLOWS DAY, a Christian Catholic observance commemorating the blessed. Sweden observes ALL SAINTS' DAY honoring deceased friends and relatives. Guatemala celebrates a KITE FESTIVAL of Santiago in Sacatepequez, flying kites to get rid of evil spirits. Antigua and Barbuda celebrate INDEPENDENCE DAY from Britain in

1981. SAMHAIN, observed in the Wicca/Pagan Northern and Southern Hemispheres, is a Gaelic festival marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter or the "darker half" of the year. It is celebrated from sunset on 31 October to sunset on 1 November, which is nearly halfway between the autumn equinox and the winter solsticeDeepavali ** - Hindu

An earthquake destroyed 75% of Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. On this date in 1796, the first school for Blacks in America opened in New York City. The first Women's Medical School was opened in Boston in 1848 with 12 students.

Grambling University, a historically black (HBCU), public, coeducational university, located in Grambling, Louisiana, founded in 1901.

The sole woman survivor of the Seneca Falls Convention for women’s rights, Charlotte Woodend, used her right to vote on this day in 1920. In a special match horse race at Pimlico, Seabiscuit defeated favored War Admiral before a crowd of 40,000, 1938. (Have you seen the movie Seabiscuit? ) The publication of the Negro Digest began in 1942.

John H. Johnson began the publishing of Ebony Magazine in 1945. He began Jet Magazine in 1951. Country and western singer (“Cowboy Man”), Lyle Lovett, born in 1957. The hockey mask was invented in 1959 by Canadian Jacques Plante. Former baseball player, Fernando Anguamea Valenzuela, born, Sonora, Mexico, 1960. Actress (The Sixth Sense), Toni Collette, born in Australia and model, actress (Scary Movie) Jenny McCarthy born in 1972. 1991-Judge Clarence Thomas formally seated as 106th associate justice of U.S. Supreme Court, amid opposition by most civil rights groups.

1999 - Chicago Bears Hall of Fame running back Walter Payton succumbs to liver disease at 45.

This is the peak of duck migration. Saturday, November 2 Today is DIA DE LOS MUERTOS, the Mexican Day of the Dead, a day to remember one’s ancestors, observed today and tomorrow. Today is ALL SOULS DAY, a Catholic observance commemorating those departed.

Frontiersman Daniel Boone was born on this day in 1734. Edward Mitchell Bannister a well-known landscape painter in the late 1800s and

the first African-American artist to win national recognition, born, 1826. At the Philadelphia World Centennial of 1876, Edward Bannister was the New England artist to win a bronze medal. The author of this almanac has had the joy of viewing Bannister’s paintings at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC.

Master garden designer and author Gertrude Jekyll is born, 1843. She will transform horticultural and landscape design.

The Mississippi Plan, a strategy by white Mississippians--who united as never before during a veritable revolution in voting and political power- takes effect using open force and violence to control the black vote in the State, 1875.

The first scheduled radio broadcast was made,1920, with results presidential elections. 1954-Charles C. Diggs elected Michigan's first African American congressman.

Canadian pop and country singer-songwriter and occasional actress.k. d. lang was born in Canada in 1961.

Singer/rapper Nelly (“Just a Dream”), born,1974. .A law was passed on this day in 1983, designating the third Monday in January as Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Toni Stone, the first woman to play in Negro Leagues baseball, died in 1996. She was a native of St. Paul, MN. 2000 - The first crew lives in the International Space Station with astronauts from U.S. and Russia.

Look at the buds on maples, oaks, and basswood promising the green for next April or May.

Sunday, November 3 DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME ENDS. Standard Time resumes at 2 AM. Put your clock one hour back. The New York City Marathon has been scheduled for today with 48,000 runners and an estimated attendance of 2,000,000. JAPAN’S CULTURE DAY (Bunka-no-hi) is celebrated today as a national holiday. It is also PANAMA and DOMINICA'S INDEPENDENCE DAY (from Britain and Columbia. DEEPAVALAI, a Hindu festival of lights, marks the victory of good over evil. Hindus light lamps, wear new clothes, exchange sweets and gifts.

John Montague, the 4th Earl of Sandwich of England, invented the sandwich on this day in 1762 while trying to save time during a 24-hour-long gambling session. Two significant discriminatory events occurred on this day: In 1883 the U.S. Supreme

Court declared the Indigenous People of the United States as aliens and in 1893, the U.S. Government passed an act to make entry of Chinese merchants difficult.

Lois Mailou Jones, who enjoyed a consistently successful career as a painter, teacher, book illustrator, and textile designer, born, 1905. Her art spans three continents: For more than fifty years, Lois Mailou Jones has enjoyed a consistently successful career as a painter, teacher, book illustrator, and textile designer. Her art spans three continents: North America, Europe, and Africa, North America, Europe, and Africa. (d. 1998)

1906 - The SOS international code was adopted. It became widely used after being implemented during the sinking of the Titantic in 1912.

Famed football player & wrestler Bronko Nagurski, born, 1908. (d. International Falls, MN, 2003)

Comedienne, actress, Roseanne Barr born in 1953. Eighty European American Atlanta pastors united against intolerance by signing the “Manifesto on Racial Beliefs”, 1957.

Public Television made its debut in 1969; today there are 348 PBS stations. Jesse Jackson announced his candidacy for the office of President of the U.S. in 1983. Senator Carol Moseley Braun became the first African American woman to be elected

to the U.S. Senate, in 1992. She was the sole African American in the Senate from 1993 to 1999.

Red admiral or comma butterflies may be seen flying on warm days. Monday, November 4 Today is FLAG DAY in Panama. Will Rogers, of European American and American Indian heritage, renowned rodeo

artist, actor, humorist, and man of wisdom, was born on this day in 1879. “My forefathers,” he said, “didn’t come over on the Mayflower, but they met the boat.” Will Roger’s Day is a state holiday in Oklahoma.

Eileen Jackson Southern an African American musicologist, researcher, author and teacher, born, 1920, in Minneapolis, where she attended public schools before moving to South Dakota. She was the first black woman to be appointed a tenured full professor at Harvard University. She and her husband Professor Joseph Southern founded the first musicological journal on the study of black music. (d. 2002)

The world’s first fashion show was organized in 1914. Walter Cronkite, Jr., journalist and TV news man, was born in 1916. (d. 2009)

Actor Art Carney (“The Honeymooners”), born in 1918. (d. 2003) This is the 79th anniversary of the discovery of King Tut’s tomb in 1922, over 3,000 years after the young Egyptian king’s death. United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization was formed, 1946.

U.S. Secretary of Commerce, Carlos Gutierrez, born, Havana, Cuba, 1953. Actor Ralph Macchio (The Karate Kid), born, 1962. Rapper, record producer, singer, clothing designer, Sean “Diddy” Combs, born, New York, 1969.

1988-Bill Cosby announces pledge of $20 million to Spellman College. 2008-Barack Obama becomes the first African American elected president of the United States. The white tail deer rut nears its peak. This refers to all behaviors and activities associated with the breeding season.

Tuesday, November 5 The ISLAMIC NEAR YEAR is observed throughout the world. The "HIJRA" (Arabic: hijrah), also Hijrat or Hegira, is the migration or journey of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina between June 21 and July 2 in 622 CE. It continues until December 3rd. Britain celebrates GUY FAWKES DAY with bonfires and fireworks, commemorating the

capture of the mercenary by that name. The first president of American Railway Union and the founder of the Social Democratic Party of America, Eugene Debs, was born in 1855.

U.S. writer, Ida Tarbell, editor of the muckraking journal McClure’s Magazine, which exposed the political and industrial corruption of the day and emphasized the need for reform, born in 1857.

Raymond Loewy, inventor, industrial designer (the presidential plane Air Force One, U.S. Postal Service logo, etc.) was also born on this day in 1893. “Between two products equal in price, function and quality,” he said, “the better looking will outsell the other.”

Theodore McNeal, an African-American union organizer with the International Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and politician, was born, 1905.

Roy Rogers, known as “King of the Cowboys” and star of an early t.v. show, born, 1912. Negro History Week was initiated by African American Carter G. Woodson, on this day in 1926.

Thomas Sully, painter of historical subjects such as Washington Crossing the Delaware was born in 1926. Ike Turner, singer (Ike & Tina Review), born in 1931. The first shattered backboard in NBA history occurred in 1946, by Chuck Connors of the Boston Celtics. 1956-Popular African-American pianist and singer Nat King Cole's TV show premiered for NBC.

Tatum O'Neal, actress (Oscar for Paper Moon), born 1963. Actress Framke Janssen, plays Jean Grey in movies, born In Netherlands, 1965.

Actor Sam Rockwell (“The Green Mile”) was born in 1968. 1968-Shirley Chisholm of Brooklyn, New York, becomes first African American woman elected to Congress. Jerry Stackhouse, basketball player, was born in 1974.

A Soldier's Play by Charles Fuller debuts in NYC, 1981, exposing the institutional racism of the Army in the 1940's and explores the psychological effects of oppression on African Americans.

Singer (The Jonas Brothers), Kevin Jonas, born, 1987. 2002-Loa Sanchez is reelected to Congress, and her sister Linda Sanchez is elected to

the House as well, making the pair the first sisters to serve in Congress.

Ants are underground for the winter. Suet feeders attract woodpeckers, nuthatches, chickadees and

more.

Wednesday, November 6 GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS DAY is observed in Sweden, honoring that former king and military leader. (A college in St. Peter, Minnesota, attended by a number of PHHS graduates, is named Gustavus Adolphus.) This is SAXOPHONE DAY remembering Adolphe Sax of Belgium, inventor of the saxophone, born in 1814. GREEN MARCH DAY Is observed in Morocco, a day of national pride and remembrance of the day in 1975 when 350,000 unarmed Moroccan civilians, including both men and women, marched to demand independence from Spain. James Naismith, considered the inventor of the game of modern basketball, was born on this day in 1861. John Phillip Sousa, composer of stirring marches such as “The Stars & Stripes Forever,” was born in 1854. 1900-James Weldon Johnson and J. Rosamond Johnson compose African American national anthem "Lift Every Voice and Sing."

Juanita Hall, an American musical theatre and film actress, born 1901. She is remembered for her roles in the original stage and screen versions of the musicals South

Pacific as Bloody Mary and Flower Drum Song as Auntie Liang. Actress Sally Fields (Oscars for Norma Rae & Faces in the Heart & Emmy for Sybil), born 1946. The oldest program on TV, "Meet the Press," wherein a well-known guest is questioned on relevant issues Sunday mornings, began in 1947. RuPaul Andre Charles, best known as simply RuPaul, U.S. actor, drag queen, model, author, and recording artist, born 1960. The first TV show with audience participation, "The Phil Donahue Show," premiered in 1974. It was to win 19 Emmy Awards. Ethan Hawke, actor (Dead Poets Society, Training Day), born 1970.

Actress Thandie Newton (Beloved, Mission Impossible II, Crash), born in 1972, in Zambia. Sgt. Farley Simon, a native of Grenada, becomes the first Marine to win the Marine Corps Marathon (in 1983). 1987-Tania Aebi becomes the youngest U.S. woman to circumnavigate the globe in a sailboat. She began the solo voyage 2 1/2 years earlier at age 18.

Renowned attorney Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander, dies, 1989. (b. 1898) She was the first African American woman to receive a Ph.D. in the U.S., the first woman to receive a law degree from the U. of Penn. Law School, and was the first National President of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.

The first black woman mayor of a major U.S. city, Sharon Pratt Dixon (now Kelly) is elected, Washington DC, 1990. Today is the half point of autumn. Tundra swans migrate overhead, especially above the Mississippi River. Thursday, November 7 Bangladesh commemorates a coup of 1975 with SOLIDARITY DAY.

On this day in 1775, Lord Dunmore, British Royal Governor of Virginia, issued a proclamation promising freedom to those enslaved who would join the British

forces in the Revolutionary War. It is not clear how many enslaved persons served with the British, but at least 100,000 ran away to freedom during this war.

Enslaved revolt on slave ship ‘Creole,’ 1841. Marie Sklodowska Curie, Polish chemist and physicist who received the Nobel Prize for

physics jointly with her husband for the discovery of the element radium, was born on this day in 1867.

This is the 1874 anniversary of the Republican symbol, an elephant, in a satirical cartoon of Thomas Nast in the Harper's Weekly magazine. The Canadian Pacific Railroad completed transcontinental tracks across its nation in 1885. That company now owns SOO Lines just north of PHHS. Isamu Noguchi, prominent Japanese American artist, landscape architect, known for his

modern furniture, sculpture, and public works, whose artistic career spanned six decades, born, 1904. (d. 1988)

Singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell ("Clouds" "The Circle Game"), born, 1943. Mary Travers, composer, singer (Peter, Paul & Mary), born in 1937. (d. 2009)

Dr. Alexa Irene Canady-Davis, the first African American woman in the United States to become a neurosurgeon. born, 1950.

“Face the Nation” began its television premiere, 1954. U.S. Supreme Court prohibited segregation in recreational facilities in Baltimore, 1955.

Parker Posey, actress (The House of Yes), born in 1968. Actor, ("I'll Fly Away"), Jeremy London, born in 1972. In 1980, James Abourezk became the first Arab American U.S. Senator.

1989-L. Douglas Wilder became the first African American elected as governor in U.S. since Reconstruction. (State of Virginia).

Continent sized windstorms were discovered in 1991 by the space shuttle Discovery. 1999-Professional golfer Eldrick "Tiger" Woods is the first golfer to win four consecutive tournaments since Ben Hogan in 1953. This is the time of the peak migration of mallard ducks. Friday, November 8 THE ESSENCE OF MOTOWN LITERARY JAM is held in Detriot, Michigan. (Annually, the 2

nd weekend of Nov.)

Herman Cortes, Spanish explorer, entered the great city of Tinochtitlan (now Mexico City) on this day in 1519. He was courteously received by the Aztec leader Montezuma II. Cortes later wiped out the host and his people.

Astronomer and mathematician Edmund Halley, for whom the once-every-generation appearing comet is named, born. (The comet is next visible in 2061.)

Mount Holyoke became the first college for women in 1837; it continues to be a women's college today.

Psychiatrist Hermann Rorshach, who showed patients inkblots & asked for their interpretations, born, 1884. The X-ray was discovered by German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. Dorothy Day, founder of the Catholic Worker Movement, the beginning of Catholic

Charity Services which continues to provide services for those in need, was born on this day in 1897.

The U.S. novelist who won a Pulitzer Prize in 1937 for her only book, Gone With the Wind, Margaret Mitchell, born in 1900. Esther Rolle, actress (Good Times) was born in 1920. (died in 1999).

Journalist Morley Safer ("60 minutes") was born in 1931. Crystal Bird Fauset of Pennsylvania is the first African American woman to be elected to a state legislature in 1938. Singer Bonnie Raitt (“Sweet Forgiveness”) was born in 1949. Alfre Woodard, (Down in the Delta, Miss Evers’ Boys, How to Make an American Quilt) was born in 1953. Ricki Lee Jones, musician (“Chuck E’s In Love”) born in 1954. Chef and TV host Gordon Ramsay, born 1966.

Indian Child Welfare Act, a U.S. Federal law that takes precedence over the local adoption laws of every state and gives Native American Indian Nations and Tribes, including the Alaskan Aleuts, the right to control adoptions that involve their tribal members, passed in 1978.

1985-Grace Hopper becomes the first woman promoted to rear admiral In the US Navy.

A computer pioneer, Hopper will create the first A-O compiler, co-invent COBOL, and coin the term "computer bug." The destroyer USS Hopper will be named for her.

Magic Johnson retired on this day in 1991 due to H.I.V. infection, bringing more attention to addressing this disease. The first Muslim politician elected to U.S. Congress, Congressman Keith Ellison from North Minneapolis, 2006. He borrowed Thomas Jefferson’s Koran from the Smithsonian to be sworn in. November is known as the month of clouds, which brings colorful sunrises and sunsets. Saturday, November 9 CAMBODIA INDEPENDENCE DAY, from European colonizer France, observed. Tonight is KRISTALLNACHT (CRYSTAL NIGHT) a night of reverence for the Jewish citizens 30,000 who were arrested and 91 killed in 1938. Mobs in Germany destroyed Jewish businesses, giving this night in 1938 the name from the smashing of glass store windows. The person called "the first black man of science in the U.S.," surveyor for the plan of the city of Washington D.C., Benjamin Banneker, born 1731. Elijah Lovejoy, newspaper publisher and abolitionist, was born in 1802. He died in a fire started by a mob angry about his anti-slavery views. Rev. Leonard Grimes, a man born free in 1815, assisted fugitive slaves to escape, imprisoned and founded a church in Boston, MA. A Boston fire destroyed nearly 800 buildings in 1872. Ahn Chang-ho, Korean who formed the Hungsa-dan in San Francisco to unite the groups working for Korean Independence from Japan, was born on this day in 1878. Today is the 1883 birth date of William C. Handy, crowned “father of the Blues.” J. William Fulbright, U.S. Senator who sponsored legislation for international study for graduate students, faculty and researchers, born in 1905. (d. 1995)

Former U.S. athlete Alice Marie Coachman, born 1921. She specialized in high jump and was the first black woman to win an Olympic gold medal. Actress and singer Dorothy Dandridge (Carmen) and whose story has been portrayed

by Halley Berry, born in 1923. Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Anne Sexton, born, 1928.

Baseball Hall of Famer Robert "Bob" Gibson, former right-handed pitcher, born, 1935. This is the anniversary of The Links, Inc. an organization started in 1946 by nine African

American women following WWII “linking” friendship and resources to better the lives of disadvantaged African Americans. Several Northsiders belong to the group today.

A massive electric power failure to much of northeast U.S. and parts of Canada affecting 80,000 square miles and 30 million people happened in 1965.

This is the 1984 Anniversary of the Vietnam Veterans’ Memorial Statue of three servicemen in D. C. The Berlin Wall opened in 1989 after 28 years as a symbol of the Cold War. The National Basketball Association announced the hiring of Dee Kantner and Violet

Palmer in 1997. Palmer is the first woman to officiate in a major league all-male sports league.

Lakes steam on cold mornings. Sunday, November 10 Today is SADIE HAWKINS DAY was established in “L’l Abner” comic strip in the 1930s by cartoonist Al Capp. Women & girls are encouraged to ask a dude for a date. Cambodians celebrate BON OM THOOK WATER FESTIVAL through the 12

th. Millions teem into Phnom Penh from

the provinces to celebrate the end of monsoon season. Dragon boats race for three days with the king overseeing. The lighting of the EDMUND FITZGERALD MEMORIAL BEACON is held from noon-6 pm at the SPLIT ROCK LIGHTHOUSE, Two Harbors, MN. SWEDEN-ST. MARTIN’S DAY, marks the end of autumn’s work; and SWITZERLAND-MARTINMAS GOOSE DAY. Martin Luther, monk founder and leader of the Reformation and Protestantism was born in 1483. Abolitionist, one of the first British campaigners for the abolition of the slave trade,

Granville Sharpe, born, 1735. He also involved himself in trying to correct other social injustices, and was a biblical scholar and classicist, and a talented musician.

The Marine Corps celebrates its birth date of 1775. Great actor Richard Burton (Camelot, Cleopatra, Beckett), born, 1925. (d. 1984) Head of U.S. Civil Rights Commission under President Reagan, Clarence Pendleton, born, 1930. (d. at 57 in 1988) American Indian activist, Oyate Wacinyapin (Works for the People) Russell Means, Oglala/Lakota, one of the founders of AIM (American Indian Movement) was born on the Pine River Reservation, in South Dakota in 1939. The Society for Human Rights was founded in Chicago on this day in 1924. .

Tony Award-winning lyricist (Avida, Evita, Jesus Christ Superstar), Time Rice, born, 1944, England. Tony Award-winning performer, director, and choreographer (Chicago), Ann Reinking, born, 1949 Area codes were introduced in 1951. Sinbad, comedian, (Unnecessary Roughness, A Different World), born in 1956. He

talked about the friendly Northsiders he met while in Minneapolis during his Target Center performance a few years back.

1963-Maria Goeppert-Mayer is the first U.S. woman to win the Nobel Prize for physics. She is recognized for her discoveries regarding nuclear shell structures.

This is the anniversary (1969) of the Sesame Street television premiere. The ore carrier Edmund Fitzgerald brook in two during a heavy storm and sank in Lake Superior in 1975 taking 29 lives. Grammy-award singer, rapper, and actress Eve (born Eve Jihan Jeffers), had first hip- hop album by a woman to enter the Billboard 200 at #1, born in 1978. The Badlands National Park was established in South Dakota in 1978. 1983-Wilson Goode elected, becoming Philadelphia's first African American mayor.

Microsoft released Windows 1.0 in 1983. Nigerian author and poet Ken Saro-Wiwa was executed in 1995.

The majority of blue herons have left to winter in southern U.S., Mexico and Central America. Start here Monday, November 11 Today, VETERAN’S DAY, is set aside to honor those who have served in the U.S. armed forces. This is NATIONAL YOUNG READER’S WEEK in the U.S. CANADA observes REMEMBERANCE DAY. The following countries observe holidays today: ANGOLA, COLOMBIA and POLAND observe INDEPENDENCE DAY (from Portugal, Spain, and various countries); ENGLAND- MARTINMAS, a feast day named after St. Martin, bishop and popular saint of the Middle Ages; Dostoyevsky Fyodor, Russian novelist (Crime & Punishment) and political revolutionist, born in 1821. 1872: Suffrage leader Susan B. Anthony is arrested at her home in Rochester, NY, for

having cast a ballot in the presidential election held six days earlier "without having a lawful right to vote."

Shirley Graham Du Bois an American-born author, playwright, composer, and activist for African-American and other causes, as well as spouse of noted African-American thinker, writer, and activist W. E. B. Du Bois, born, 1896.

Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., novelist (Slaughterhouse Five), born 1922. Rhythm and blues singer LaVern Baker, born, 1929.

“God Bless America,” written by Irving Berlin, first performed on this day in 1938 by Kate Smith. Leonardo Di Caprio, actor (Parenthood, Titanic), born 1974. The Civil Rights memorial in Montgomery, AL was dedicated in 1989. This is the anniversary of the dedication of the Vietnam Women’s Memorial in 1993. Ponds and lakes begin to freeze over. Cover your perennials with leaves and straw just as the ground begins to freeze. Put dirt around the rose stems reaching up to about 6 inches above the ground.

Tuesday, November 12 Baha'i observe the anniversary of the birth of BAHA'U'LLAH, prophet-founder of the Bahai'i Faith. The TRIPLE CROWN OF SURFING is held today through December 20 in Hawaii. DIA DEL CARTERO, Postman’s Day, is a day of appreciation for postal carriers in Mexico. Sor Juna Ines de la Cruz, Mexican woman recognized as the greatest poet of the

Spanish colonies in the Americas, defender of women's right to have an education, forerunner of feminist movement, was born in 1651.

Baha’u’llah, leader of Bahai faith, was born on this day in 1812. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, woman suffragist and reformer, born in 1815. Stated Stanton

at the 1st Women’s Rights Convention of 1848, “We hold these truths to be self evident that all men and women are created equal.”

The French sculptor of "The Kiss" and “The Thinker,” Auguste Rodin, born 1840. This is the 1866 traditional birth anniversary of Sun Yat-sen, heroic leader of China’s

1911 revolution who said, "In order to establish democracy, the principle of equality is required."

American jazz trumpet player, a leading member of Count Basie’s band, Buck Clayton, born, 1911. Clayton worked closely with Li Jinhui, father of Chinese popular music in Shanghai. Some say that his contribution changed the course of music history in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

American civil rights leader, journalist, publisher, and author, Daisy Bates, born, 1912. best remembered as a guiding force behind one of the biggest battles for school integration in the nation’s history as in 1957, she helped nine African American students to become the first to attend the all-white Central High School in Little Rock, who became known as the Little Rock Nine.

Sigma Gamma Rho, an African American service sorority is organized by Mary Lou Allison and six other teachers @ Butler University in Indianapolis in 1922.

Madame Lillian Evanti and Mary Cardwell Dawson established the National Negro Opera Company in 1941. Nadia Comaneci, Olympic gold medal gymnast, born in Romania in 1961.

Sammy Sosa, baseball player & homerun star, was born on this day in 1968 in the Dominican Republic.

Figure skater Tonya Harding, born in 1970. Omari Ismael Grandberry, better known as Omarion, R&B singer, actor, songwriter,

record producer, dancer, and former lead singer of the boy band B2K, born, 1984. The last of the sandhill cranes head South. Wednesday, November 13 Today is WORLD KINDNESS DAY.

The first anti-slavery political party, The Liberty Party, was organized on this day in 1839.

Robert Louis Stevenson, Scottish author (Treasure Island), born in 1850. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, pioneer open heart surgeon and African American, becomes a member of the American College of Surgeons in 1913.

This is the anniversary of the Holland Tunnel, first underwater tunnel built in the U.S., joining New York, NY and Jersey City, NJ in 1927.

1930- Disney animated feature-length "concert" film milestone, Fantasia, an experimental film integrating eight magnificent classical musical compositions and animation, opens.

The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Hansberry v. Lee that African Americans cannot be barred from white neighborhoods, 1940. Actress ("Georgia" in Superfly), Shelia Frazier, born, 1948.

Whoopi Goldberg, comedienne, actress (Oscar for Ghost, Sister Act, The Color Purple), born in 1949.

Football player Vincent Testaverde was born in 1963. Carl Stokes became1st African American mayor in U.S., 1967. Late night-talk show & comedian Jimmy Kimmel, born. Actress Monique Coleman (High School Musical), born, 1980.

2000-Polar explorers Liv Arneson, of Norway, and Ann Bancroft, from Minnesota, both

former schoolteachers, embark on a 94-day, 1,717-mile ski expedition and become the first women to cross Antarctica.

The low angle sunlight makes driving difficult in mornings and afternoons. Thursday, November 14 WINTER LENT begins for those of Orthodox Christian faith. The DAY OF ASHURA, Islamic holy day is observed. By Islamic tradition, this day commemorates God saving Moses and the Israelites from Pharaoh in Egypt as they crossed the Red Sea (the Exodus day). India celebrates CHILDREN'S DAY.

Fifth Chief Justice of the U.S.Roger Brooke Taney, born, 1777. He is most remembered for delivering the majority opinion in Dred Scott v. Sanford case that ruled that African Americans could not be considered citizens of the United States. (A memorial to Scott and his wife Harriet is located at Fort Snelling, MN.

Claude Monet, famed French expressionist artist, was born in 1840. U.S. composer who incorporated American folk music, Aaron Copeland, born in 1900.

Controversial politician, censured by Congress for his accusations and sensational methods to allege politicians, State Department employees, journalists and members of the armed forces of being secret communists, Joseph McCarthy, born in 1908. (d. 1957)

US journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner, Harrison Evans Salisbury, born at Minneapolis, MN, 1908. Salisbury attended Minneapolis North High School and grew up near Farview Park and Lyndale Avenue North.

Booker T. Washington, noted agriculturist, died in 1915, at Tuskegee, the renowned African American college which he founded and from which PHHS staff members Mr. McKey and Mr. Crenshaw graduated.

The first horse-drawn streetcar goes into operation, New York City, 1832. Yanni, New Age composer, born in Greece in 1954.

Current U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was born in 1954. Joseph “Run” Simmons, rapper (Run DMC), born Queens, New York, 1964. Josh Duhamel, actor who plays Captain Lennox in Transformers, born, 1972. Travis Landon Barker, U.S. American musician, producer, entrepreneur, and the

drummer for the American pop punk band The Misfits, as well as the alternative rock band +44, the rap rock, born, 1975.

Jazz pianist with the Branford Marsalis Band, Kenny Kirkland, dies In 1998. 2002-Nancy Pelosi (D-California) is the first congresswoman elected House Minority Leader.

The great snowy owls have now arrived in Minnesota after their migration from their summer nesting place on the northern tundra of Canada and Alaska. Friday, November 15 November 15-17 is NATIONAL DONOR SABBATH as observed in U.S. to draw attention to the need for organs and tissues for transplantation. Japan observes SHICHI-GO-SAN, an annual children’s festival. BRAZIL'S PROCLAMATION OF THE REPUBLIC in 1889 is commemorated. Today is AMERICA RECYCLES DAY. Hannibal, military leader with African roots, crosses the Alps with elephants and 26,000 troops to defeat Roman troops in 218 B.C.

American educator, temperance activist, author and the first African-American woman college instructor, Sarah Jane Woodson Early, born, 1825. Visual artist Georgia O’Keeffe, described as one of the greatest of U.S. artists of the 20th Century was born in 1887 in Wisconsin

Ed Asner, actor (“Lou Grant,” “Roots”), born, 1920. Ted Berrigan, Cherokee poet, born in 1934.

William Still became the first African American to lead a major orchestra, the Los Angles Symphony, 1936. Yaphat Kotto, actor ("Homicide," Blue Collar, Live & Let Die), born 1937.

Acclaimed pianist, musician and conductor, Daniel Barenboim, born, Argentina, 1942. An order to place all gypsies in concentration camps was issued by Nazi Heinrich

Himmler in 1943. Fifty tribes met in 1944 to form the National Congress of American Indians.

Sam Waterston, actor (“The Killing Fields,” etc.) born in 1949. This is the First Black Professional Hockey Player Anniversary, honoring Arthur Dorrington, who signed a contract with the Atlantic City Seagulls in 1950. Kevin Eubanks, band leader, (“Tonight Show”), born in 1957. Actress Lisa Bonet, best known for her role as Denise Huxtable on “The Crosby Show.”, Born, 1967.

Civil rights activist Kwame Ture (Stokley Carmichael), best remembered for his phrase "Black Power," succumbs to cancer in 1998. Snowshoe hares and weasels have turned white for winter. Saturday, November 16 Today is UNITED NATION'S INTERNATIONAL DAY OF TOLERANCE.

American composer, bandleader, "Father of the Blues," William C. Handy, born at Florence, Alabama in 1873.

Paula Giddings, editor, journalist, author and historian of African American women, is born, 1947. Former baseball player Dwight Gooden, born, 1964. Grammy winner, jazz singer, Diana Krall ("When I Look Into Your Eyes"), born, British Columbia, 1964.

Lisa Bonet, actress ( “The Cosby Show,” “A Different World”), was born, 1967. 1981-Pam Johnson named publisher of the Ithaca (New York) Journal, becoming first African American woman to head a daily newspaper. Professor, diplomat, author, and national security expert, Condoleezza Rice nominated by U.S. President Bush to be Secretary of State, 2004