north/union vs. south/confederacy
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North/Union vs. South/Confederacy . North’s Advantages. South’s Advantages. Defensive War- South does not have to take land Officers- planter’s sons educated at military schools Revolution/Freedom- S. believes in it’s cause N. Disadvantage- can N. overcome distances to invade S. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
North/Union vs. South/Confederacy
North’s Advantages• Navy- can blockade S. to stop
European support• Industry- North can make war
materials (guns, clothes, trains)• Dollars- N. has 4x’s the wealth
of South• Population- 30 mil. in N vs. 8
mil. Whites in S.– ?Which advantage is most
important? Why?
South’s Advantages• Defensive War- South does not
have to take land• Officers- planter’s sons
educated at military schools• Revolution/Freedom- S.
believes in it’s cause• N. Disadvantage- can N.
overcome distances to invade S.– ?Which advantage is most
important to South
The American Civil WarThe Recipe for War
Failure of Compromise
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Dred Scott Decision
John Brown’s RaidElection of
Abraham Lincoln
1- Maine becomes a free state2- Missouri becomes a slave state3- Slavery will be outlawed in any new state north of Missouri’s southern border
Missouri Compromise
1- California becomes a free state2- popular sovereignty would be used to decide if slavery would be allowed in New Mexico3-New Mexico and Utah become slave states4- Stronger Fugitive Slave law
Compromise of 1850
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (published 1852)
By Harriet Beecher Stowe,(a northerner)One of the most influential books
ever written, this novel, which dramatized the cruelties of slavery, sold 300,000 copies the first year
An Anti-Slavery Bestseller!
NorthernersHelped change the way
northerners felt about slavery.
Northernersnow sawslavery as aMORAL ISSUEwhich theycould no longer ignore
SouthernersOutraged by the book!
Southerners claimed the book, which was also
made into a play, did not give a true picture of slave life
One of themost important
books inAmerican history!
1- Louisiana Purchase divided in to 2 territories Kansas and Nebraska2- popular sovereignty would be used to decide if slavery would be allowed in these territories
The Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854
“Bleeding Kansas” Popular
sovereignty caused a small scale civil war in Kansas
Battles broke out between pro-slavery settlers and anti-slavery settlers
200 died in 4 months
Both Nebraska and Kansaseventually became free states
The Dred Scott Decision(1857)
If a slave is brought to a free state does that make him automatically free?
Scott v. SanfordThe Supreme Court decided that:
Slaves were not citizens, so they could not bring sue
Slaves were property
5th Amendment protects property, and because slaves were property, Congress could not ban slavery in the territories
Southerners wereoverjoyed with
the decision
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates (1858)
Abraham Lincoln1. opposed to
slavery in the territories.
2. no desire to interfere with slavery where it already existed
Stephen Douglas1. popular
sovereignty
For the position of Illinois senator
John Brown’s Raid(1859)
Abolitionist who tried to raid the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry,Virginia.
His plan was to armthe slaves and start a slaveuprising.
Hero or Villain?The North
Brown became a hero in the north. Many considered him a martyr because he was willing to give his life for his beliefs
The SouthSoutherners were
outraged by Brown’s actions. Many became convinced that the North wanted to destroy slavery
Northerner’s sang, “John Brown’s body lies a mold’ring inThe grave, but his soul goes marching on….”
The Election of 1860
o Stephen Douglas- Northern Democrats
Believed in popular sovereigntyo John Breckinridge- Southern
Democrats Pro-slaveryo John Bell- Constitutional Union Party Wanted to keep the Union togethero Abraham Lincoln- Republican Wanted to stop the spread of slavery
There were four candidates for president
…And The Winner Was
AbrahamLincoln!
With less than40% of thevote
Secession!To many Southerners, Lincoln’s electionmeant that the South no longer had avoice in government. They believed thatthe President and Congress were now setagainst their interests – especially slavery
Secede- to withdraw from thecountry
The first state to secede wasSouth Carolina on December 20, 1860
Civil War, 1861 Lincoln would do anything to save the
Union
Lincoln believed that secession was unconstitutional
Lincoln faced a terrible dilemma when The Confederacy began seizing federal forts in the South………….
Fort Sumter, 1861
Fort Sumter guarded Charleston,South Carolina. On April 11, 1861,The Confederacy demanded thatThe United States troops leavethe fort
When Major Robert Andersonrefused to surrender the Fort, Confederate guns opened fire.on April 13, 1861, Andersonsurrendered the fort…markingthe start of the Civil War
A House Divided…Lincoln believed that the nation could not survive if it remained divided by slavery. On June 16, 1858, he stated:“A houses divided against itself cannot stand. Ibelieve this government cannot endure permanentlyhalf slave and half free. I do not expect the Unionto be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall –but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It willbecome all one thing or all the other.”
What was Lincoln’shouse????