North (Union)

South (Confederacy)

*States:ME, UT, NH, MA, CT, RINJ, PA, NY, Ohio, IN, MI, IL, WI, MN, Iowa, KS, WA, OR

*New President:Lincoln

*Secretary of State:William H. Jeward

*Lincoln’s reason for union:Nation must protect itself andforce staying together

*States: VA, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, TN,MS, AR, CA, Texas

*Known as:Confederate States of America

*Main leaders:Robert E. LeeStonewall Jackson

*Reasons for leaving union: States rights, slavery

Who Had the Advantage?North South

NUMBERS: 22 million people

FACTORIES: 90% of nation’s factories

RAILROAD MILAGE: twice the mileage as south

MOVING SUPPLIES: twice as many horses and mules as the South

MONEY: taxing already established, already had money

RAISING THE ARMY: lots of recruitsto bring into the army

9 million in population, (4 millionSlaves)DEFENDING: “home turf”advantage – They knew the terrain, how to move about witoutbeing noticed, etc.

COMMUNICATION LINES: MostBattles were in South, close to home (North: had to travel longer distances to fight)

WHOLE WAY OF LIFE at stake

RAISING THE ARMY: difficult 1,280,000 men 15-50

THE ECONOMIES

North South

Early months of war broughtdepression

Soon needed military suppliesand more workers

Food harvest was improved because of Cyrus McCormick and mechanical reaper

Boom caused inflation

Raised funds by printing bank notes (ConfederateCurrency), promise to pay

Manufacturing scarce

Big problem along coast because of blockades (Anaconda)and blockade runners

South thought their biggestadvantage was King Cotton“cotton diplomacy”