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Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Structures Presented by Matthew Donahue, P.E. Dan Stromberg, S.E., P.E.

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Page 1: Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Structures · PDF fileNondestructive Evaluation Methods for Structures Presented by ... (NDT) systems used for inspection of bridge components

Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Structures

Presented by

Matthew Donahue, P.E.

Dan Stromberg, S.E., P.E.

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2www.dailyconstant.blogspot.com

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Presentation Overview

• Summary of NDE Use

• NHI 130099 BINS Course

• Highlight 31 NDE methods

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Silver Bridge FailureDecember 15, 1967

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Summary of NDE Use

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NDE Methods Stated by State Highway Agencies Used for Inspection (Participation by 45 States)

# of States

Visual 45

Dye Penetrant 36

Ultrasonic 29

Magnetic Particle 22

Sonic 6

Eddy Current 5

Boroscope 3

Radiography 2

Ground Penetrating Radar 2

Infrared Thermography 1

Based on FHWA Peer Exchange Survey from 2002

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NBIS (23 CFR 650C)

§ 650.311   Frequency

• Establish criteria to determine the level and frequency of inspections.

§ 650.313   Inspection Procedures

• In accordance with AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation (incorp. § 650.317) 

• MBE Section 5 – Material Testing– Related to NDE testing

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NBIS (23 CFR 650C)

§ 650.305 Definitions

• In‐depth inspection

• Hands‐on inspection

• Fracture critical member

• Fracture critical member inspection

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Hands‐on Inspection

• Inspection within arm’s length of the component using visual techniques that may be supplemented by nondestructive testing.

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AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE)

• Second edition published in 2011

• Section 4 of the MBE covers FCM inspection requirements

• Section 5 of the MBE covers Material Testing and Nondestructive Testing

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NDE in support of the National Bridge Inspection Program

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NHI 130099 “Showcase” Course

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Bridge Inspection Nondestructive Evaluation Showcase (BINS)

Upon completion of the course, participants will be able to:

•Summarize and demonstrate the basic principles and general operations procedures for five handheld nondestructive testing (NDT) systems used for inspection of bridge components.

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NHI 130099 “Seminar” Course

• 10 Modules– 30 Lessons

• 31 NDE methods

– Overview of systems and applications w/videos 

– 2 case study exercises (steel and concrete)

NHI Pilot Presentation

May 15‐16, 2013

Arlington, VA

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NHI 130099 BINS Seminar Outcomes

• Module 2.0—Summarize the National Bridge Inspection Program (NBIP) expectations as they relate to NDE

• Module 3.0—Compare the various stress wave NDE methods as used in steel bridge inspection

• Module 4.0—Demonstrate understanding of stress wave and electromagnetic methods by choosing applicable NDE methods for specific defects from the Sherman Minton Bridge case study

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NHI 130099 Outcomes

• Module 5.0—Restate the theories, applications, advantages and limitations of various NDE testing methods and answer questions related to bridge program history

• Module 6.0—Compare the theories and applications of various acoustic wave testing methods for concrete/timber inspections

• Module 7.0—Compare the theories and applications of various electromagnetic testing methods for concrete/timber inspections

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NHI 130099 Outcomes

• Module 8.0—Differentiate between thermal, electrical, chemical, and physical NDE methods in bridge inspection programs

• Module 9.0—Examine various specialized NDE inspection methods used in bridge inspection

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Course AgendaTime Day 1—Agenda Item

8:00‐8:15 1.0 Welcome/Intro

8:15‐8:45 2.1 National  Bridge Inspection Program Overview

8:45‐9:15 2.2 NDE Overview

9:15‐9:45 2.3 Introduction to Sherman Minton Bridge Case

9:45‐10:00 Break

10:00‐11:00 3.1 Wave Theory

11:00‐11:45 3.2 Ultrasonic Testing Methods

11:45‐12:15 3.3 Acoustic Emission Testing Methods (AE)

12:15‐1:15 Lunch

1:15‐2:00 4.1 Magnetic Particle Testing Method (MT)

2:00‐2:45 4.2 Eddy Current Testing Method (EC)

2:45‐3:15 4.3 Sherman Minton Bridge NDE Investigation

3:15‐3:30 Break

3:30‐4:15 4.4 Radiographic Testing Methods (RT)

4:15‐4:45 4.5 Sherman Minton Bridge Closure

4:45‐5:15 5.1 Review and Wrap‐up

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Time Day 2—Agenda Item

8:00‐8:45 5.3 Introduction to USH 1 Bridge Case Study

8:45‐9:15 6.1 Pulse Velocity (UPV)/Pulse Echo

9:15‐9:30 Break

9:30‐10:00 6.2 Impact Echo (IE)

10:00‐10:45 6.3 Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW)

10:45‐11:30 7.1 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

11:30‐12:30 Lunch

12:30‐12:50 7.2 Pachometers

12:50‐1:20 7.3 Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)

1:20‐1:50 7.4 USH 1 Bridge NDE Investigation

1:50‐2:00 Break

2:00‐2:45 8.1 Infrared Thermography (IR)

2:45‐3:30 8.2 Electrical Methods

3:30‐3:45 Break

3:45‐4:05 8.3 Chemical Methods

4:05‐4:35 8.4 Physical Methods

4:35‐5:05 9.1 Additional Specialized Methods

5:05‐5:15 Break

5:15‐5:45 9.2 USH 1 Case Study Data Validation

5:45‐6:00 10.1 Summary and Review

6:00‐6:45 10.2 Final Assessment

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Dye Penetrant (PT)

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Ultrasonic Testing (UT)Straight‐beam

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Ultrasonic Testing (UT)Angled‐beam

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Ultrasonic Testing (UT)Phased array

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Acoustic Emission (AE)

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Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)

Cracks in weld

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Eddy Current (EC)

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Radiographic Testing (RT)

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Pulse Velocity (UPV)

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Pulse Echo Transducer Array

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Impact Echo (IE)

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Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW)

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Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

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Pachometers

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Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)

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MFL Device

Sensor

Internal magnetic flux lines Flaw

Flux leakage

Tendon

Testing surface

N S

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Infrared Thermography (IR)

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Half Cell Testing

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-10

0

10

0 50 100 150 20

-0.5

-0.45

-0.4

-0.35

-0.3

-0.25

-0.2

-0.15

-0.1

-0.05

0

0.05

0.1

Volt CSE

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Galvanostatic Pulse

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Electrical Resistance Testing

Shigometer

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Chloride Ion Testing

.2 .4 .6 .8 1.0 1.2Inches

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Carbonation Testing

Newer crack Old crack Older crack

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Audible Methods

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Extent of delaminationExtent of delamination

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Rebound Hammer Testing

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Penetration Resistance Testing

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Laser Scanning

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Optical Holography

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Exploratory Efforts

Post Tension Duct and Tendon Exposure (DTE)

Post Tension Duct 

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Questions

Contact:

Matt Donahue, P.E.

[email protected]

Dan Stromberg, S.E., P.E.

[email protected]

Terry M. Browne, P.E.

[email protected]

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