non-residential energy use –possible & measurement christchurch energy awareness week nigel...
TRANSCRIPT
Non-residential Energy Use –possible & measurementChristchurch Energy Awareness Week
Nigel Isaacs, BRANZ [email protected]
Phone (04) 238 1366
Energy – Measuring Success
Why use energy? Dealing with variation
Day/Night, Weekday/Weekend, Seasons Different buildings
Are halogen lights energy efficient?
BEES NZ wide study Energy & water use in non-residential buildings Fuels and services they provide For more information: www.branz.co.nz
2
Why Use Energy In Buildings?
Not just for the pleasure of using energy!
To modify the human environment: Hygrothermal
warm, cool, humidity Visual
light, glare Acoustic
speech, noise, warnings Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
breathing clean, fresh air Activity
calculation, drawing, talking, sleeping …
Dealing With Variation
“Normalise” Bring to a standard condition
Different buildings One building over time
Look for some consistent factor: People - kWh/employee Area - MJ/square metre, kWh/m² Other – e.g. kWh/claim, kWh/bed
“Pattern” extraction Look for time (or other) patterns
Day / Season / Year
Energy Use History (MJ/m²/day)
Tenant electricity approx 85% lighting
Energy Cost History ($/m²/day)
Tenant electricity:54% energy, 66% $$$
Energy (efficiency) is not the only issue Relative cost of different fuels for different services
Understanding Energy Use
Differences between building uses and types: Hours of Use : Day / Night / Weekend Lights : Controllable / Daylight / Zones Equipment : ‘Plug loads’ / Computers / Specialist
Key Information Expenditure: $ spent on energy Energy Use : e.g. kWh, MJ Production : e.g. tonnes of product Patterns of Use : e.g. hours/day, days/week Plant : e.g. serviced last year
Seasonal Energy Comparison
Management is a key issue Heating or cooling running all year?
Two Auckland Hotels
Energy per bedroom by hotel size
Few facilities
Air conditioningPool / spa
Restaurant(s)
Poor correlation – but why? Bigger = better operated? = more facilities? Energy use irrelevant to design & operation
10
Lighting Efficacy – higher efficacy is better
Source: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/ssl/efficacy.html See also: Buildings Energy Data Book - http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/
Building Energy End-use Study
BEES Non-residential buildings (offices, shops & mixtures) Exploring hows, whys, wheres & whens Energy & water use and services Random sample of buildings nationwide Preliminary results by 2011
Telephone Survey Data on building, business, use Access to revenue (bill) data
Detailed monitoring Monitor to understand services
e.g. hot or cool air, Office equip., Kitchen, Computer, etc Case studies on special issues e.g. labelling of circuits Survey occupants to understand their needs & roles
11