What do the Referendum and the new post-2015 Framework mean

for us in Scotland?

James Mackie, ECDPM, Maastricht, Netherlands

23 October 2014

NIDOS Annual SeminarImplications for Scotland

In a post-2015 & post-Referendum Era

• The Conference• Post-Referendum and Post-2015• International cooperation• The UN post-2015 process

• Goals & Transformation agenda• Finance for development

• The European post-2015 process• Common positions, Dev & Env• Outstanding challenges

• Opportunities for Scotland• International cooperation• PCD – policy coherence for development • Post-2015 – Action inside Scotland

Outline

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• Aims: to inform, to reflect and to debate• Very dynamic context – a threshold moment

• Post-2015 debate internationally & at home• Post-Referendum

• Further devolution – The Smith Commission • Creating a fairer Scotland – tackling inequality

• Widespread reflection on development policy• Scottish Government • UK Parliament –IDC ‘Beyond’-Aid inquiry• EU level debate on post-2015 – new leadership

• Engaging with Scottish public in 2015• Also 10 Years since Making Poverty History• How to use dynamism: youth, diasporas, …• How best to raise public awareness on 2015?

The Conference

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• Post Referendum• Doing what we do already but better

• Expand Scottish international development?• Or focus more on increasing quality?

• Dynamism of the Referendum debate • Focus on creating a better Scotland • What does this mean for international

cooperation?• Post-2015

• Reframe global agenda for development• Build on the MDGs but go further• Wide agenda but can it be made manageable

and motivating like the MDGs?• Wider agenda has implications for action

inside Europe and inside Scotland

Post-Referendum & post-2015

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• Debate on development has broadened• Lessons from the MDG experience

• Focus on poverty reduction good but too limited• Development aid not enough on its own• Demand for development – not just poverty focus

• Experience shows importance of other issues• Security, governance, trade, international financial

flows, global financial stability …• Our own internal policies with external impact • PCD – policy coherence for development – is key• Sustainable development has 3 aspects

• So post-2015 framework has to cover a lot more• But we also need to think differently about

development – it is not just about aid

International Cooperation

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Our Collective Interest - new ETTG bookwww.ettg.eu

How will we judge success of new EU leadership?

By 2020 will the EU have helped to tackle 5 challenges?: 1.The world economy: is it becoming more equitable, resilient and democratic?2.Is world set on a more sustainable path?3.Is world more peaceful and secure?4.Is world better governed and more democratic?5.Have poverty and inequality declined?

10/10/146

• 2 working groups reported during summer:• OWG on the goals and target – 19 July 2014• ICESDF on the finance and means of

implementation – 15 August 2014

• UNGA – ~70 states supported OWG report• UN Secretary General Synthesis Report

• Due end November

• Negotiations on goals start early 2015 • Co-chairs: Ireland and Kenya

• Three key moments in 2015• Finance: UN Financing Conf. – Addis, July • Goals: UN-GA – New York, September • Climate: UNFCCC COP21 – Paris, December

The UN post-2015 process

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UN High Level Panel Report May 2013•Five big transformative shifts

1. Leave no one behind2. Out sustainable development at the core3. Transform economies for jobs and inclusive

growth4. Build peace and effective, open and

accountable institutions for all5. Forge a new global partnership

•But what does this mean in practice?•Need to go further than just reducing poverty•MDGs too focused on tackling the symptoms and not enough on the causes

The Transformative Agenda

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1. End poverty2. Achieve food security and improved nutrition3. Ensure healthy lives and well-being4. Inclusive and equitable education5. Gender equality and empower women and girls6. Availability of water & sanitation7. Affordable, reliable & sustainable energy8. Inclusive & sustainable growth9. Resilient infrastructure, inclusive industrialisation10. Reduce inequality within & among countries11. Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient & sustainable12. Sustainable consumption & production13. Urgent action to combat climate change14. Sustainable use of oceans, seas & marine resources15. Sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems16.Peaceful & inclusive societies, justice for all,

inclusive institutions17. Strengthen finance, MoI, global partnership &

PCSD

Goals

pro

pose

d b

y O

WG

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• MDGs became very focused on ODA• Financing gap notion – Jeff Sachs• But have to think ‘Beyond Aid’ (ERD2013)• There are a lot other types of finance

• Domestic resources• Domestic capital• Foreign direct investment• Remittances• South-South cooperation

• Finance cannot solve everything• Policies important – national & international• How to make most effective use of finance

Development finance

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Low Income Countries

Source: ERD2014 (forthcoming)

Trends in development finance (2011 US$Bn)

All developing countries

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Source: ERD2014 (forthcoming)

Financial flows by income level(% of GDP)

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• High level of interest – commitment to MDGs• Commission (DEVCO+ENV) pushing a strong

common EU position• A Decent Life for All – 2 June 2014 [COM 335]

• Earlier policy papers in Feb & Dec 2013

• EU generally satisfied with UN process so far• Council conclusions in Dec 2014

• Outstanding challenges:• Goals & targets – coverage vs. number• Global partnership – Finance and other MoI• Universality and differentiation

I. Targets for in-country developmentII. Targets for helping other countriesIII. Targets for supporting global public goods

The European debate

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• Devolution – does S.Govt. need more powers? • Scottish international development programme

• Expanding the effort – does that help?• Diversification or is it better to focus more?• Improving effectiveness – key principles to use:

ownership, alignment and harmonisation

• PCD – internal policies that affect others• Many such policies decided at EU level:

• Trade, Agriculture, Fisheries, Migration, …

• But Scottish attitudes & behaviour affect them• New issues: consumption, waste, renewables

• Achieving the post-2015 targets in Scotland• Inequality & poverty: domestic & international

Questions for Scotland

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Thank youjm@ecdpm.org

www.ecdpm.orgwww.slideshare.net/ecdpm

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