New Zealand Lighting Industry Product Stewardship

PHASE 1Assessment and Review

Report prepared for Electricity Commission and

Lighting Council of NZ

By

www.stewardship.co.nz

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About Stewardship Solutions

• Work with companies, organisations and sectors to implement practical environmental initiatives

• Prefer results over reports• Have worked on best practice for waste, energy,

water with industry• Ket Bradshaw – Christchurch• Simon Wilkinson – Auckland

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Outline

1. How the market works

2. Product flows and volumes

3. End of life

4. Load on the environment

5. Product Stewardship overseas

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First, some definitions….Incandescent, Fluorescent,

High Intensity Discharge, LED

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Luminaires

Control gear

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How the Market Works

who

where

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LINEAR FLUORESCENT LAMPS Overseas manufacture of lamps and luminaires IMPORT &

MANUFACTURE

NZ manufacture of luminaires (OEMs)

DISTRIBUTION & SALE

INSTALLATION

USE

END-OF-LIFE

Residential buildings

Public buildings2

Industrial buildings

Public lighting

Landfill

Recycling public Recycling commercial

Retail buildings

Specialist lighting1

Electrical contractors Demolition contractors

1 includes garden, architectural, horticultural, 2 includes hospitals, libraries, prisons, schools, institutes

DE-INSTALLATION

Office buildings

Small commercial

Small commercial

Householders In-house electricians

Importer/ distributor

Electrical wholesalers Developers Retail Internet sales

Electrical contractors In-house electricians

Householder/DIYer

Maintenance contractors

Small commercial

Key Account Customers

Maintenance contractors

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COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS Overseas manufacture of lamps and luminaires IMPORT &

MANUFACTURE

NZ manufacture of luminaires (OEMs)

DISTRIBUTION & SALE

INSTALLATION

USE

END-OF-LIFE

Importer/ distributor

Electrical wholesalers Developers Retail

Electrical contractors

Residential buildings

Public buildings2

Industrial buildings

Public lighting

In-house electricians

Landfill

Recycling public Recycling commercial

Retail buildings

Specialist lighting1

Electrical contractors Demolition contractors

Internet sales

1 includes garden, architectural, horticultural, 2 includes hospitals, libraries, prisons, schools, institutes

DE-INSTALLATION

Office buildings

Small commercial

Maintenance contractors

Small commercial Householders In-house

electricians

Householder/DIYer

Small commercial

Key Account Customers

Maintenance contractors

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HID LAMPS Overseas manufacture of lamps and luminaires IMPORT &

MANUFACTURE

NZ manufacture of luminaires (OEMs)

DISTRIBUTION & SALE

INSTALLATION

USE

END-OF-LIFE

Importer/ distributor

Electrical wholesalers Developers Retail

Electrical contractors

Residential buildings

Public buildings2

Industrial buildings

Public lighting

In-house electricians

Landfill

Recycling public Recycling commercial

Retail buildings

Specialist lighting1

Electrical contractors Demolition contractors

Internet sales

1 includes garden, architectural, horticultural, 2 includes hospitals, libraries, prisons, schools, institutes

DE-INSTALLATION

Office buildings

Small commercial

Householder/DIYer

Maintenance contractors

Small commercial Householders

In-house electricians

Small commercial

Key Account Customers

Maintenance contractors

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Product volumes and flowsCategory

Estimated total market size

LFL 3,500,000

CFL-internal 4,000,000

CFL-external 700,000

HID 475,000

Luminaires 1,000,000

Control gear 1,000,000

China, People's Republic of

53%

Germany11%

Thailand22%

Others9%Taiwan

2%

Hungary3%

2006

Australia12%

France6%

Germany32%

Japan4%

Netherlands14%

Hong Kong9%

Thailand8%

Other15%

1997

11

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

22,000,000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Num

ber

of la

mps

Incandescent

Incandescent "Other"Incandescent Halogen

Fluorescent

HID "otherHID mercury or sodium

Source: Customs data

32 millions lamps of all types imported into NZ in 2006

8.7 million mercury-containing lamps

12

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

tonnes

Modelled mercury-containing lamp waste arisings

Total waste ALL type of lamps in 2007 = 1,400 tonnes

= 0.05% of solid waste in NZ (0.02% mercury lamps)

130

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

tonnes

Other

Mercury

Plastic

Electronics

Metal

Glass

Glass79%

Electronics7%

Plastic7%

Metal5.7%

Mercury0.006%

Other1.2%

Waste composition of

discharge lamps

2006/2007

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Mercury arising from lamp disposal

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

kg o

f m

ercu

ry

HIDs

CFLs

LFLs

45kg of mercury arising from lamps in 2007

Expected to double in next 5 years from CFLs in use

45kg

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Electric Lighting 9%

Mercury in products (US EPA)

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48.2

41.6

22.8

11.6

5.6

1985 1990 1994 1999 2002

USA Average mercury content of a T8 fluorescent lamp

48.2 mgs

5.6 mgs

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End-of-Life

• Councils – some doing it, charges vary

• Demolition contractors – luminaires salvaged, metal recycling, lamps to skip

• Business to Business recycling – 1 service established

• 91% of lamps to landfill

2007 waste gas

discharge lamps

5.6 million

Recycled 0.6 millionLandfilled 5 millionNZ Lamp

recycling rate

9%

Luminaires and control gear

Up to 50% salvaged/ recycled at demolition

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Recycling

• Advanced Recycling Australasia

• Capacity for NZ and Australia and more

• Offshore recycling likely to remain

• Markets for recycled materials (glass, mercury) are limited in NZ

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Load on the Environment

• The mercury dilemma– Mercury = energy efficiency = hazardous

waste– Mercury CFL up to 80% more efficient

• Lamps are small part of waste in NZ• Mercury from lamps is small portion of total

mercury in products• The precautionary principle being applied worldwide• Public concern is growing – highly visible• Lighting readily controllable source of mercury• The public will be involved in disposal of the

majority of this mercury• Need infrastructure and behaviour change

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8 companies93%

Others7%

Market shares of the total NZ

gas discharge lamp [LFL, CFL, HID] market

1

2

5

4

3

6

7

8

Product Stewardship

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Questions?

www.stewardship.co.nz

Ket Bradshaw Simon Wilkinson 021 369 495 021 944 992ket@stewardship.co.nzsimon@stewardship.co.nz