new technologiesto improvesugar yieldfrom cane€¦ · naveen kulkarni new technologiesto...
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Monton Tantasutthikul
Dumrongsak Deowanish
Jaroslaw Gorniak
Naveen Kulkarni
New Technologies to Improve Sugar Yield From Cane
Classification: PUBLICAgrifuture Conference, 2-3 December, 2019. Bangkok
Sugar Cane – one of the most efficient solar light accumulation systems on the Earth.
Source - GAMAYA
Key concerns/pain points of Sugarcane growers in Asia
Classification: INTERNAL USE ONLY
How to make sure, my cane is preferred by sugar mill? Sell earlier, get premium?
What if Sugar mill is not able
to take my harvest right
now?
I don’t need so many thin stalks.
How to deal with empty gaps in the
canopy?
How to produce more sugar?
Its so difficult to harvest crop laying flat on the ground!
How to minimize Lodging?
How to prevent sugar loss just before harvest?Can I improve Millable
stalk yield?
How to spray when crop is so high?
What can go wrong with Sugar Cane?
Germination
Exudation
Lodging
Rooting
Tillering
Regrowth
What can we do to make better planting Sugar Cane?
PGR for sugar accumulation and drought stress mitigation in sugarcane and anti-lodging on cereals and rice. Widely used on sugarcane and cereals.
Why Moddus in Sugarcane?
● Consistent increase of Pol across number of situations.
● Improved root development
● Improved tillering
● Potential to advance harvest for 20 days
● Improved maintenance of Pol, if harvest has to be delayed.
● Improved re-growth after harvest resulting in better sugar cane crops
● Proven to be efficient in all major varieties in Brazil
Trinexapac-ethyl
(growth regulator)
Moddus – benefits at each growth stage!
Trinexapac-ethyl(growth regulator)
Mode of action: Gibberellic acid inhibitor (GA-inhibitor)
Inhibits final step (GA20-GA1) in gibberellic acid biosynthesis pathway
Moddus is radiply absorbed through the foliage and stem and is translocated acropetally (upward) within the plant
How Moddus helps? – Physiological effects beneficial for Sugarcane
OH O
CO2CH
2CH
3O
● Gibberellins are known to regulate plant growth – cell elongation
● Moddus as other retardants is able to block synthesis of Gibberellins
● Shortens internal length & imparts strength in stem
Moddus does not stop crop growth, ………it re-directs it!
GA-inhibition leads to:
•Maintained green mass with reduced plant height
•Improved productivity
•Stronger stems
•Increased stress tolerance
•Reduced lodging
Moddus – Longer or thicker stalks?
• Thickening and increase of stems strength – more mechanical tissue
• Control of plant ripeness to prevent sugar loss for flowering.
• Increased concentration of sugar, proteins, chlorophyll and mineral components in upper plant part.
Nº Roots
UNTREATED
Number and distribution of roots in the frame cells. Moddus vs Untreated
(São Carlos Mill, S. Paulo)
Moddus – More roots, better crop.
Trinexapac-ethyl
(growth regulator) Moddus – Fiber or sugar?
With age sucrose gets harder to extract due to pith (bagasse, fiber waste)
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0 15 30 45 60 75 90
% P
ol c
ane
Days after treatment
check
Moddus250
PoIarisation degrees (Pol). Comparison between Moddus and Untreated Check.
(São Paulo, Brazil), mean of 9 trials
12.2 - minimum Pol for harvest (Pol = % sucrose content)Maturation speed increased by Moddus 250Adequate sugar content by 45 DAT(untreated >60days)
Min Pol level
Moddus – Earlier harvest opportunity
Classification: PUBLIC AAA12
Why Moddus is Important for Sugarcane Growers in Thailand?
6 trials with use of Drone (conducted by Syngenta)
2 trials with use of YAMAHA Helicopter
(conduct by Naresuan & Kasetsart Universities)
Moddus improved sugar content has to be used late.New technologies of application: Efforts in Thailand.
Classification: PUBLIC AAA14
Moddus on Sugarcane: Drone application Trial Details
Sprayer Details
• Drone DJI MG1* (Standard Operating • Payload 10 L) • Operating Speed:3 m/s• Spray volume: 25 L./Ha (4 L./rai)
Spray Equipment
• Nozzle type: Flat fan (XR11001)• Spray Width:4 m (4 nozzles)• Droplet Size:XR11001: 130~250
μm• Flow rate:0.4 L/min (per nozzle)• Spray height:2.5 meters over the
top of plant
Locations
• NE: 2 Trials (Udonthani)• LN : 3 trials (Phitsanulok and
Kamphaengphet)• Central: 1 Trial (Suphanburi)• Variety: KhonKaen-3
Application Details:
2 variables: 1 – Application timing (2 levels: 30 and 60 Days Before Harvest)2 – Treatments (5 levels + Untreated Check)
1. Moddus 200 g ai/ha2. Moddus 250 g ai/ha3. Moddus 300 g ai/ha4. Competitive PGR 360 g ai/ha5. Standard HB used for ripening control
Assessments:
● CCS including Brix, Pol, Fiber and Purity at 60, 45, 30, 15 before harvest and at harvest
● Cane Yield at harvest
● Phytotoxic on sugarcane 0, 15 and 30 DAA.
● # plants (15 Day after ratoon emerging)
10
15
20
200 250 300 200 250 300 -
Moddus Moddus
App. at 2 months before harvest App. at 1 months before harvest Untreated
C.C.S. at 15 days before harvest
Classification: CONDIFENTIAL
Average of 6 fields trials
Rate (g.ai/hai)
C.C
.S.
Moddus @300 g ai./ha applied 1 month before harvest provide c.c.s. increase 1.04 at 15 days after application
CV% = 6.02
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
200 250 300 200 250 300 -
Moddus Moddus
App. at 2 months before harvest App. at 1 months before harvest Untreated
% POL at 15 days before harvest
Classification: CONDIFENTIAL
Average of 6 fields trials
Rate (g. ai/ha)
%P
OL
Moddus @ 300 g.ai./ha apply at 1 month before harvest provided the best %POL increase over untreated check (1.39%)
Samples analyzed in Dept of Agriculture, Suphanburi
CV% = 4.53
10
15
20
25
200 250 300 200 250 300 -
Moddus Moddus
App. at 2 months before harvest App. at 1 months before harvest Untreated
% BRIX at 15 days before harvest
Classification: CONDIFENTIAL
Average of 6 fields trials
Rate (g. Ai./ha)
%B
RIX
• 1 month before harvest is better than 2 months
• Moddus @300 gai/ha is better over untreated at 1 month before harvest
CV% = 3.26
3000
5000
7000
9000
11000
13000
15000
17000
19000
200 250 300 200 250 300 -
Moddus Moddus
App. at 2 months before harvest App. at 1 months before harvest Untreated
Moddus on Sugarcane: Yields (kg./rai) at harvest
Classification: CONDIFENTIAL
Average of 6 fields trials
Rate (g. ai./ha)
Yie
lds (
kg
./ra
i)
All treatment provided no significant yield improvement over untreated check
CV% = 20.43
10
20
30
40
50
200 250 300 200 250 300 -
Moddus Moddus
App. at 2 months before harvest App. at 1 months before harvest Untreated
No. of plant/hill at 15 days after ratoon emerge
Classification: CONDIFENTIAL
Average of 6 fields trials
Rate (g. ai./ha)
No
. o
f p
lan
t/ h
ill
All treatment provided %No. of plant/hill not significant with untreated check
Moddus @250-300/ha at 2 month before harvest gave trend more no. of plant at 15 days after ratoon emerge
CV% = 20.43
Interaction of Moddus with key varieties grown in ThailandHelicopter application: Naresuan University
Classification: INTERNAL USE ONLY
Sugarcane Variety
CCS increment over UTC
30 DAA 45 DAA 60 DAA
U-Thong12 2.24 2.94 2.49
Khonkaen3 2.08 2.25 1.66
KpK98-51 -1.13 2.9 1.03
LK92-11 1.51 1.95 1.32
• Moddus @ 250 gai/ha provided maximum increase in C.C.S. at 45 days after application
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
U-Thong12 Khonkaen3 LK92-11 KpK98-51
C.C.S. C.C.S. C.C.S.
CC
S
Classification: PUBLIC AAA21
Performance of Moddus @250 gai/ha on Khon Kane-3 variety Helicopter application: Kasetsart University
CC
S
Moddus on Sugarcane by Drone application.
30 DBH
Summary report of 3 protocols for Moddus on Sugarcane
Drone Application: Moddus @ 300 g.ai./ha apply at 1 month before harvest increased increase C.C.S. = 1.04, %POL = 1.39% and %brix = 0.75% over Untreated
Naresuan University: Moddus @250 gai/ha apply at 2 months before harvest by YAMAHA
helicopter can increase C.C.S. 1.95 – 2.94 at 45 days after application on Key Sugarcane
varieties
Kasetsart University: Moddus @250 gai/ha apply at 2 months before harvest by YAMAHA helicopter increased C.C.S. up to 3.51 at 30
days after application
Classification: PUBLIC AAA24
Classification: PUBLIC AAA25
Back up Slides
Seedling growth
Germination TilleringStem elongation
BootingEar emergence
FloweringMilk development
Dough development
Ripening
GS10-GS19GS00-GS09 GS20-GS29 GS30-GS39 GS40-GS49 GS50-GS59 GS60-GS69 GS70-GS79 GS80-GS89 GS90-GS99
Cytokinins (cell division) Gibberellin (cell elongation) Etylen (ripening) Abscissic acid (senescence)
Auxins (tropisms – geo, photo etc)
Plant hormone system. Continuous balance dependent on weather.
Moddus – essential use details
● Applications should be made when cane reaches full physiological maturation
● Harvest should happen ca 45-70 DAA when the difference of Pol reaches the maximum.
● Resulting gain of sucrose may reach 0,9 % Pol which represent 680 kg of sugar in one
hectare
● For late varieties, when rain starts and mature plants start to re grow, Moddus reduces the
speed of growth and delays sucrose loss.
● Proven to be efficient in all major varieties in Brazil
Trinexapac-ethyl
(growth regulator)