Neue Targets in der Osteoporosetherapie 12 New Targets in Osteoporosis Therapy F. Jakob, L. Seefried, P. M. Jehle

„Solche Daten zeigen, dassdie Interfaces, die der Knochenzu anderen Organsystemenaufweist, sei es dasImmunsystem, die Muskulaturoder der Stoffwechsel,bislang erheblich unterschätztwurden und dass hierhochinteressante Entwicklungenmöglich sind, die über denKnochen alleine hinausgehen.“

Science 3 June 2005 Vol. 308. no. 5727, pp. 1456 - 1460

Science 3 June 2005 Vol. 308. no. 5727, pp. 1456 - 1460

Science 3 June 2005 Vol. 308. no. 5727, pp. 1456 - 1460

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mammopoesis

RANK Ligand

menstruation menstruationovulation

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IL6 IL6 IL6 IL1

resorption of bone synthesis of bone

osteoclast osteoblaststeadystate

IL6IL6

determination proliferation differentation polarisation resorption

PV1 M-CSF

ranklc-fosNFB

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cathepsin kcarbone

anhydrase IIH+-ATPase

The breast and the skeleton communicate during lactation to provide a steady supply of calcium for milk production.

Wysolmerski J J JCEM 2012;97:2947-2956

©2012 by Endocrine Society

PTHrPIL6

Osteoklasten GM-CSF

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NFkB

Wachstumsfaktoren

FornarinaLancet, 360, 2061 Fornarina

Bone and the epidermo-pilosebaceous unit of the skin share alifelong renewal activity where similar molecular players operate,and because mammary glands and hair follicles are both skin

appendages

Das Progesteron bereitet den weiblichen Körper auf die

Fortpflanzung vor

Antirheumatika

unter 30 J.12%

30-39 J.14%

40-54 J.24%

55-64 J.21%

65+ J.29%

Alterstruktur Männer (22 Mio. Verordnungen)

Alterstruktur Frauen(32 Mio. Verordnungen)

unter 30 J.9%

30-39 J.9%

40-54 J.19%

55-64 J.18%

65+ J.45%

Quelle: IMS Health, VIP

50%50%63%

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ab 54

Factors mediating luteal ce ll apoptosis in humans. The Fas and Fas-ligand and Bcl-2 and Bax systems are involved in the intracellu lar signaling pathway for apoptosis, and apoptosis is induced by caspase-3 activation. Cytokines may also be involved inapoptosis. HCG works as a survival factor by regulating apoptosis-related factors, such as Fas, the Bcl-2 and Bax syst em and survivin

9 MAY 2 0 1 3 | VO L 4 9 7 | N AT U R E | 2 1 1

Adiponectin

Cell 130, 456

Osteoblast

Osteocalcin

Leptin

Adipozyt

Osteocalcin-ZellenInsulin

Adiponectin

Pankreas

Osteocalcin, a bone-derived multifunctional hormone. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin stimulates insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation in the pancreas, energy expenditure by muscle, and insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, muscle and liver. In addition, it promotes male fertility by stimulating testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of the testis through the activation of its receptor, GPRC6A, in these cells.

Der zum Diabetes neigende Stoffwechsel und die Überproduktion an Androgenen verringern die Energieverluste durch Wärme und sorgen für den Aufbau von Fettdepots. Insulin trägt zusammen mit dem Hormon Leptin, das Appetit und Fettmasse reguliert, zum Erhalt von Energiebalance und der Funktion der Eierstöcke be

Leider wendet sich dieser evolutionsbiologisch angelegte Vorteil in Zeiten hochkalorischer Nahrungszufuhr ins Gegenteil

Our results show for the first time that female O/PCOS-prone rats gain a survival advantage over their lean-prone congenics when confronted with a challenge of time-limited feeding and an opportunity for food-related activity

The longer survival of female O/PCOS-prone rats compared with their lean-prone congenics relates to higher baseline energy reserves, greater

When leptin signaling is defective, as in the O/PCOS-prone rats, the energy homeostasis pathway involving feeding-related peptides, such as neuropeptide Y, is impaired. This impairment results in increased appetite, decreased energy expenditure, and greater fat accumulation—effects that are advantageous for survival in the AAC

Leider wendet sich dieser evolutionsbiologisch angelegte Vorteil in Zeiten hochkalorischer Nahrungszufuhr ins Gegenteil

MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

MYOBLAST CHONDROCYT OSTEOBLAST ADIPOCYTE

24 OCTOBER 2008 VOL 322 SCIENCE