new partnership for regional developmenti m p roving re s o u rce mobilisation and stre n g t...

tiveness, which seeks to provide guidelines andmechanisms for increasing the impact of exter-nal development assistance in accelerating theattainment of the Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs).

P resident Hifikepunye Pohamba noted inhis official opening address that the new part-nership has far- reaching implications, and thatf u t u re interaction between SADC and the ICPsshould emphasise partnership building “as op-posed to the traditional donor- recipient re l a-t i o n s h i p ” .

“It is important, therefore, that we urge every-one, especially our international cooperatingpartners, to join hands with the people of thesouthern African sub-continent in our pursuit ofsustainable socio-economic development to endp o v e r t y, hunger and underd e v e l o p m e n t , ”Pohamba said.

continued on page 2

POLICY 3

TRADE 4

INVESTMENT 5

ENERGY 6

TRANSITIONS 7

PARTNERSHIPS 8-9

INNOVATIONS 10

PERSPECTIVE 11

BUSINESS 12

COMMUNITY 13

BOOKS 14

EVENTS 15

HISTORY TODAY 16

13

9

SOUTHERN AFRICA has advanced another steptowards regional integration with the signing of apartnership agreement with International Cooper-ating Partners (ICPs).

The new partnership between SADC andICPs is set to expedite regional integration byi m p roving re s o u rce mobilisation and stre n g t h-ening the region’s ability to implement pro-g r a m m e s .

The Windhoek Declaration on a New SADC-ICPPartnership, adopted in April at the SADC Consul-tative Conference in Namibia, lays the foundationfor a fresh start in SADC-ICP relations and is set toturn the dream of a unified market and CustomsUnion in southern Africa into a re a l i t y.

The Declaration will have several implicationsfor SADC and the ICPs.

The Windhoek Declaration is closely mod-elled on the 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Eff e c-

New partnershipfor regional development

at ministerial level, with moreresources to be made availableto support the region’s pro-grammes and projects.

Direct support to the SADCS e c retariat and other SADCbodies has increased significant-ly following its shift from man-aging projects to emphasisingpolicy development.

Other channels of develop-ment assistance from ICPs in-clude via individual govern-ments, through private institu-tions such as non-governmen-tal organisations and thro u g hmultilateral institutions suchas United Nations bodies orthe World Bank. �

that programmes and projectsare implemented to attain re-gional objectives.

Among the challenges is toalign national and re g i o n a lpriorities through greater co-hesion between RISDP/SIPOand national developmentp l a n s .

This is also a challenge forthe donor community whichwill need to improve cohesionbetween what they support atthe national level and their re-gional programmes.

The Windhoek Declaration isa commitment by the ICPs tosupport SADC’s integrationagenda and to interact regularly

The SADC Executive Secre-tary, Tomaz Augusto Salomão,emphasised that a greater role isenvisaged for other stakehold-ers such as the private sectorand civil society in advancingthe regional integration agenda.

“Another imperative in this isa mainstreamed participation ofthe region’s stakeholders, name-l y, the business sector and thecivil society, and the re g i o n ’ sblueprints have made clear pro-vision for their direct participa-tion,” said Salomão.

A c c o rding to the Regional In-dicative Strategic DevelopmentPlan (RISDP), the private sectorhas an important role to play infunding of some projects, partic-ularly on infrastru c t u re develop-ment, as well as in social sectorssuch as health and education.

Civil society is key to the suc-cessful implementation of pro-

grammes and projects on gendere q u a l i t y, sustainable food securi-t y, environment and sustainabledevelopment, and HIV and A I D S .

The Windhoek Declarationwill require the region to showrenewed leadership in the im-plementation of pro g r a m m e sand projects articulated in theRISDP and the Strategic Indica-tive Plan for the Organ on Poli-tics, Defence and Security Coop-eration (SIPO), the two SADCblueprints.

I rene Fre u d e n s h u s s - R e i c h l ,D i re c t o r-General for Develop-ment at the Austrian Ministry ofForeign Affairs, said the mainchallenge for SADC is to assumeg reater ownership of pro j e c t sand programmes.

Speaking on behalf of theICPs after the adoption of theDeclaration, Fre u d e n s h u s s - R e-ichl noted that the re n e w e dleadership will require setting ofclear priorities and ensuring

THE ROME Declaration onHarmonising Donor Practicesfor Effective Aid Delivery wassigned in February 2003 by gov-ernment ministers, heads of aidagencies and other senior offi-cials representing 28 aid recipi-ent countries and more than 40multilateral and bilateral devel-opment institutions.

They re a ffirmed their com-mitment to eradicating poverty,achieving sustained economicg rowth, and promoting sus-tainable development. The de-velopment institutions under-took to harmonise their opera-tional policies, pro c e d u res and

practices with those ofpartner countries to im-

p rove the eff e c t i v e n e s sof development assis-tance, and there b ycontribute to meet-

ing the Millennium Develop-ment Goals.

Among others, the Declara-tion sought to align the require-ments of ICPs with national de-velopment priorities of recipientcountries, and called on devel-oping countries and regions toassume greater leadership rolesin coordinating development as-sistance.

The Rome Declaration iscomplemented by the Paris Dec-laration on Aid Eff e c t i v e n e s sadopted in March 2005. TheParis Declaration commits theICPs to addressing capacity con-straints in developing countriesand ensuring sufficient integra-tion of global programmes andinitiatives into recipient coun-tries' broader developmentagendas, including in criticalareas such as HIV and AIDS. �

2 SADC TODAY June 2006

continued from page 1

Building blocks of internationalcooperation

Paris declaration commitments

THE FOLLOWING are the partnership commitments under theParis Declaration on Aid Effectiveness:Ownership

� Partner countries to exercise effective leadership over theirdevelopment policies, and strategies and co-ordinate devel-opment actions.

Alignment� Donors to base their overall support on partner countries' na-

tional development strategies, institutions and pro c e d u re s .o Donors to align with partners' strategies;o Donors to use strengthened country systems; ando Partner countries to strengthen development capacity

with support from donors.� Recipient countries to strengthen public financial manage-

ment capacity.� Recipient countries to strengthen national procurement sys-

tems.Harmonisation

� To ensure donors' actions are more harmonised, transparentand collectively effective.

� Donors to implement common arrangements and simplifyprocedures.

Managing for Results� Both parties must manage resources and improve decision-

making for results.Mutual Accountability

� Donors and partners to be accountable for development re-s u l t s .

New partnership for regional development

Main photo, previous page, SADC Executive Secretary, Tomaz Augusto Salomão,with the head of delegation of the EC to Botswana, Paul Malin, after signing theSADC customs agreement.

June 2006 SADC TODAY 3

SADC AND its International Co-operating Partners (ICPs) haveadopted the Windhoek Declara-tion on a New SADC-ICP P a r t-nership, which will guide futurerelations between the two parties.

The Declaration on a NewS A D C - I C P Partnership wasadopted on 27 April at theSADC Consultative Confere n c ein Namibia and lays theg roundwork for a fresh start inthe donor- recipient re l a t i o n s h i pbetween the regional body andits ICPs.

The overall objective of theNew Partnership is to con-tribute towards the achievementof the SADC Common Agenda,and the attainment of the SADCMission of promoting sustain-

able and equitable economicgrowth, and to achieve deeperregional cooperation and inte-gration.

It also aims to ensure goodgovernance, strengthened re-gional capacity, and durablepeace and security in the region.

The Declaration establishesan institutional structure for di-alogue on political, policy andtechnical issues, and improvescoordination of efforts betweenSADC and the ICPs.

It provides for regular dia-logue at Ministerial level and ata Joint SADC-ICP Task Forc ecomprising the SADC Secretari-at, SADC Double Troika at sen-ior official level and ambassa-dors from both sides.

The Ministerial Group willp rovide high level guidance tothe decision-making entities ofSADC and the ICPs. Its man-date will include specifying is-sues where political decisionswill be re q u i red and transmit-ting these issues through therelevant fora such as the Coun-cil of Ministers and the individ-ual governments.

The group will also analysethe implications of changing po-litical conditions, and advise thepolitical authorities and the pol-icy/technical level groups ofnew policy approaches andtheir possible implications.

The Joint SADC-ICP Ta s kForce will provide a mechanismthat links the top-level political

decision makers and groups onthe ground.

The New Partnership will en-s u re alignment, harmonisationand streamlining of operationalp ro c e d u res, rules and otherpractices in the delivery of de-velopment assistance to SADC,and guarantee synergies andcomplementarity of support atthe national and regional levels.

Both parties made specificcommitments under the Declara-tion. These included an under-taking by SADC to exercise lead-ership in developing, imple-menting and monitoring the re-gional development agenda andto translate the Regional Indica-tive Strategic Development Plan(RISDP) and the Strategic Indica-tive Plan for the Organ on Poli-tics, Defence and Security Coop-eration (SIPO) into prioritised,result-oriented pro g r a m m e s .

The ICPs undertook to re-spect SADC leadership and toassist the region to build its ca-pacity to implement pro-grammes and projects.

With regard to the alignmentof pro c e d u res and rules, theICPs agreed to base their overallsupport on the SADC CommonAgenda as specified in theRISDP and SIPO.

The parties undertook to es-tablish mutually agreed frame-works that ensure reliable as-sessments of performance,transparency and accountability.

Under the Declaration, SADCcommits to intensify efforts tomobilise internal re s o u rces and toc reate an enabling enviro n m e n tfor public and private invest-ments while the ICPs commit top roviding reliable indicativecommitments of aid over a multi-year framework and to disbursethe assistance in a timely and pre-dictable manner. �

SADC, ICPs adopt Windhoek Declaration on aNew Partnership

SADC-India Forum holds first sessionTHE INAUGURAL session ofthe SADC and Government ofIndia Forum was held inNamibia on 28 April, opening anew chapter in the relations be-tween the two parties.

The forum agreed to focus co-operation in the sectors of trade,i n d u s t r y, finance and investment;food, agriculture and natural re-s o u rces; human re s o u rces devel-opment and health, includingd rugs and pharmaceuticals;water re s o u rces management;and information and communi-cations technology.

Teams of experts in the dif-ferent areas from both sides willliaise on detailed action plansfor the implementation of proj-ects in the identified areas.The forum was co-chaired bythe chairperson of the SADCCouncil of Ministers, BaledziGaolathe, and India’s Ministerof State for External A ff a i r s ,Anand Sharma.

The inaugural session wasattended by SADC ministersand senior officials from the re-gion and India. There was apresentation by the SADC Sec-retariat on various priority areasp roposed for cooperation be-tween SADC and India.

According to the final com-muniqué, India concurred withthe principles and areas of coop-eration proposed at the meeting,and agreed to work with SADCin the spirit of South-South co-operation and on the basis of thetwo regions’ comparative andcompetitive advantages.

The government of India reit-erated the role of SADC as oneof the most important regionalorganisations in Africa, notingthat it attaches utmost impor-tance to further strengtheningexisting relations and ties withthe region in different sectors.

The forum noted that themain objectives for which SADC

was founded – improving thestandard of living and quality oflife of its citizens as well as thepromotion of peace and security– are shared by India in its ownmarch towards development.

India also reiterated its intere s tin sharing experiences withSADC in meeting the challengesof development in a globalisedworld, as well as its commitmentas a development partner ofSADC particularly in jointly iden-tified areas where Indian expert-ise and SADC’s re q u i rements arec o m p l e m e n t a r y, and vice versa.

Both sides agreed that it wasimportant to continue cooperat-ing in multilateral forums, in-cluding the bodies of the UnitedNations where issues of crucialimportance to developing coun-tries are discussed.

The forum agreed to institu-tionalise the partnership andhold regular meetings at mutu-ally agreed times and venues. �

by Patson Phiri

SADC to modernise customs systemsSOUTHERN AFRICA has takenthe first major step towards theestablishment of a CustomsUnion by embarking on a pro-gramme to modernise its customsp ro c e d u res and remove bottle-necks on intra-regional trade.

The SADC Customs Moderni-sation and Trade Facilitation Pro-gramme was one of more than 50projects endorsed by MemberStates and the region's Interna-tional Cooperating Partners (ICPs)during the SADC ConsultativeC o n f e rence held in Namibia.

The programme aims to de-velop computerised customsprocedures, networking systemsat national and regional levels aswell as introduce transit man-agement systems in all SADCMember States.

The project is meant to sup-port closer regional integrationand harmonisation of customslegislation and procedures, in-cluding improved transit flows,and to prepare for a smooth tran-sition to the SADC CustomsUnion by 2010.

An �18 million financingagreement for the implementa-tion of the project was signed bySADC and the European Com-mission during the ConsultativeConference.

SADC's Regional IndicativeStrategic Development Plan(RISDP) gives priority tos t rengthening regional integra-tion with the eventual objectiveof establishing a SADC CommonMarket by 2015.

The SADC Common Marketwill be preceded by a Free Trade

M A L AWI, MOZAMBIQUEand Zambia are re h a b i l i t a t i n gthe railway line in the NacalaDevelopment Corridor, whichwill open a key transportationroute for the three countries.

C o n s t ruction work startedin November 2005 but was halt-ed temporarily after persistentheavy rains on the 77-km stretchbetween Cuamba and Entra-Lagos within Mozambique.

Plans to repair the stre t c hhave been on the drawing boardsince 2000 when the three gov-ernments began sourcing forfunds from investors and devel-opment agencies to bring therailway line back to life.

The rehabilitation work isbeing funded through a US$29.6million loan secured by the threecountries from the Overseas Pri-vate Investment Corporation, aUnited States-based develop-ment agency.

Wi l f red Ali, the Nacala Devel-opment Corridor coord i n a t o rin Malawi's Ministry ofTransport and Public Wo r k s ,

said rehabilitation workwas initially slow due top roblems in movingequipment after heavy

rains washed away culverts onthe Mozambican side.

He said Zambia re c e n t l ysigned a Memorandum of Under-standing with Edlow Resourc e sfor the development of the Mch-inji-Chipata rail link in easternZambia, which will be connectedto the Nacala railway line.

The primary transport linkalong the corridor is that rail-way line linking eastern Zam-bia, central and southernMalawi, and northern Mozam-bique to the Port of Nacala onthe Indian Ocean.

H i s t o r i c a l l y, the ports ofNacala and Beira were the near-est ports for Malawi and Zam-bia. This railway line was devel-oped as a concession during the

Area by 2008 and the CustomsUnion in 2010.

Some pro g ress has been madein the transition towards the Fre eTrade A rea, with most MemberStates having effected significantt a r i ff reduction in line with theSADC Protocol on Trade.

Paul Malin, head of the Eu-ropean Union delegation inBotswana, said the CustomsModernisation Programme wasa demonstration of the jointSADC-EU efforts to link tradeand development. �

1970s from Nacala Port to Nam-pula. It was later extended intoNiassa province in Mozambiqueto serve the rich agriculturalareas, as well as to Malawi.

Malawi was supplied prima-rily along the Sena line fro mBeira. In view of the shorter ro u t eto the sea presented by the Nacalarailway line, Malawian traff i cbegan to shift from the Sena rail-way line to the Nacala line.

The Nacala route was closedin 1984 after the railway linewas blown up during the inter-nal conflict in Mozambique. Theconflict changed the fundamen-tals of the transport situations i g n i f i c a n t l y. Both Zambia andMalawi made a shift away fro mrail to road transport.

Rehabilitation work starts on Nacala railway line


Distances were substantiallyi n c reased as Zambian goodsw e re moved through Dar esSalaam and South A f r i c a .Malawi also shifted transportmode to road, moving its sup-plies along the Tete road toZimbabwe and the ports ofSouth Africa.

The road routes from Malawito Lusaka and via Mbeya to Dares Salaam then became strategi-cally important for Malawi, butresulted in road transport costs

that were exceedingly high.In terms of the Memoran-

dum of Understanding betweenMalawi, Mozambique and Zam-bia, the strategic objectives of theNacala Development Corridorare to develop adequate, reliable,cost effective, efficient and seam-less transport, telecommunica-tions and energy systems, and tofoster economic growth throughthe promotion and coordinationof economically viable businessin transport, agriculture, fish-eries, commerce, industry, min-ing and tourism.

The corridor aims to fosteri n c reased economic activitythrough the promotion of trade,which in turn would facilitateg reater regional integrationamong the three countries. �

View of the port and part of the railway in Nacala Development Corridor.


tor intermediaries, such as in-vestment promotion agencies,chambers of commerce, employ-ers' federations or financial in-stitutions. With its own team ofconsultants, ESIPP provides thiskind of assistance on a demand-driven, cost-sharing basis.

In addition, the joint pro-gramme organises sectoral part-nership meetings to bring togeth-er investors from SADC and EUas well as other “third countries”.These take the form of business-to-business events such asTourism 2006 and Mines 2006.

During the fora, one-on-onemeetings are facilitated. Oncethe partnerships are formed,ESIPP uses the same methodolo-gy for follow up support, that is,on a demand-driven, cost-shar-ing basis.

The joint programme has al-ready organised similar sectorpartnership meetings focusing onthe light engineering industryand the construction and build-ing materials sector in Mauritiusand South Africa, re s p e c t i v e l y.

Light Engineering 2006 washeld in Grand Baie, Mauritius,on 14-17 February. It was a four-day opportunity for round tablediscussions, workshops and net-working involving selected

A JOINT initiative by SADCand the European Union is in-tensifying efforts at boostingeconomic growth and develop-ment in southern A f r i c athrough a programme that isdesigned to attract investmentinto the region.

The EU-SADC InvestmentP romotion Programme (ESIPP)has been designed to facilitateand simplify investment pro c e-d u res within the SADC re g i o n .Ta rgeted sectors include tourism,mining, agro-industry, light en-gineering, and construction andbuilding materials sector.

In the tourism sector, a majorforum called Tourism 2006 willtake place from 3-6 October inWindhoek, Namibia. The meet-ing, which will focus on thetourism, hospitality and relatedsectors in the 14 SADC MemberStates, aims to encourage inter-national financial, technical andcommercial partnerships.

Forum organisers say this is“where promoters and entrepre-neurs from the southern Africanregion will present a carefullyselected range of new and high-quality business developmentprojects in the tourism, hospital-ity and related sectors to inter-ested European and other inter-national and southern Africanbusinesses.”

With regard to the miningsector, a meeting of investorsand promoters is planned forNovember in Lusaka, Zambia.As many as 100 mining projectsare expected to be presented atMines 2006 in Lusaka.

E S I P P a d d resses the challengeof mobilising both intra-SADCand foreign direct investmentinto southern Africa through at w o - p ronged approach.

The programme helps inbuilding capacity of private sec-

companies from SADC, EU and“third countries”.

Light engineering incorpo-rates a diverse array of businessand products sectors. It includescutlery, hand tools and generalh a rd w a re; various metal andplastic fabricated products; in-dustrial machinery, electricaland electronic components; re-frigeration and service industrymachinery; motor vehicles andspares; medical instruments andmany others.

Mat Construct 2005, ESIPP'sbuilding materials and con-s t ruction sector partnershipmeeting, was held in Johannes-burg from 30 November to 3 De-cember 2005. With the principalobjective of promoting partner-ships between companies fromthe two regions, the forum facil-itated more than 1,500 one-on-one meetings. A total of 258 par-ticipants attended the foru m ,re p resenting 102 EU and 78SADC companies, as well as in-termediary organisations fro mthe region.

ESIPP says about 400 poten-tial partnerships gained fro mthe one-on-one meetings at MatC o n s t ruct 2005 are being fol-lowed through between EU andSADC companies.

One of the key themes dis-cussed was on the constructionopportunities presented by the2010 World Cup that will behosted by South Africa.

An investment forum tobuild partnerships in the agroindustry is due to be held inZimbabwe at a date yet to beconfirmed.

The current six-year financ-ing agreement of the EU-SADCjoint programme was signed in2000 with an �18-million budg-et. The previous agreement hadbeen signed in 1994, facilitatinga mining investment forum thatwas held in Lusaka in the sameyear.

In line with the Regional In-dicative Strategic DevelopmentPlan (RISDP), SADC's efforts atattracting investment are in-creasingly placing emphasis onan integrated promotional ap-proach. Thus Member States arekeen on economic reforms thatmake their countries more in-vestor friendly, allowing the pri-vate sector to be more competi-tive on the global markets.

ESIPP is seen as the vehiclefor advancing this vision, espe-cially insofar as it incre a s e sintra-regional and foreign directinvestment in SADC. �

by Munetsi Madakufamba

Building investment bridges

SADC-EU programme links private-public sector partners

The construction sector in the region is set to gain from the ESIPP initiative.

more than 20 percent of thecountry's 2.5 million barrels-a-day production. Some 500,000barrels per day of crude oil pro-duction, most of it operated byRoyal Dutch Shell, are lost be-cause of the violence.

M o re than 300,000 barre l sper day have also been lost dueto the shut down of refineries inthe Gulf of Mexico since Hurri-cane Katrina battered the Unit-ed States' offshore platforms inAugust 2005.

Despite assurances fro mIran that it will not cut its oilp roduction and exports inretaliation to the stand-offwith the West over its nuclearp rogramme, some re c i p i e n t sa re worried that oil exportscould be used as a politicalw e a p o n .

Iran is the second larg e s tproducer in the Organisation ofPetroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC) at more than four mil-lion barrels a day.

Shocks on the world oil mar-ket are being felt in southernAfrica where at least thre ecountries have hiked fuel pricessince April.

Botswana, Namibia andSouth Africa have raised theprice of petrol and diesel to

RISING INTERNAT I O N A Lcrude oil prices are exerting up-ward pressure on fuel prices inSADC, with a number of coun-tries in the region already pass-ing on the higher costs to con-sumers.

The region remains vulnera-ble to sharp increases in theprice of crude oil on worldmarkets. The price of a barre lof crude oil has risen fro ma round US$50 in May 2005 toUS$60 in December anda round US$72 in May.

Pressure on oil prices to riseis being fuelled by concernsranging from the West's diplo-matic confrontation with Iran, athin supply cushion and dis-ruptions of production in Nige-ria by armed militants.

Militant violence targeted atoil facilities in Nigeria has cut

cushion suppliers from risingworld prices.

Fuel price increases in SouthAfrica have a domino effect onprices of goods and services in

other SADC countries that im-port the bulk of their require-ments from that country. Theprice of fuel went up by 6.8 per-cent in May. �

ANGOLA'S OIL production isset to rise to two million barrelsper day by the end of 2007, ac-cording to the government.

Amadeu Azevedo, Angola'sNational Director of Petroleum,said the country will producetwo million barrels per day bythe end of 2007, much earlierthan their previous forecasts.

The new projections arebased on promising prospectsfor oil coming from explorationsin the lucrative offshore Girassolfield.

Angola is sub-Saharan A f r i c a ' ssecond largest oil producer afterNigeria, and an important suppli-er to the United States and China.The country has dislodged SaudiArabia as China's main supplier

of crude oil.Current output stands

at 1.4-million barre l sper day, 100 000 dailybarrels more than ini-tially anticipated. �

ZAMBIA AND the United Re-public of Tanzania are set tobenefit from an electricity tradep roject that also involvesKenya.

The three countries are work-ing together on the interc o n n e c-tion project expected to assist theUnited Republic of Ta n z a n i aand Kenya access electricityf rom SADC, reduce electricitycosts and eradicate shortages.

The tripartite electricitytrade project, known asthe Zambia-Ta n z a n i a - K e n y aPower Interconnection Project,

is to be developed in two phas-es at a projected cost of US$660million.

The first phase, to costUS$358 million, is scheduled tostart in late 2007 and to be com-pleted in 2009, and will build atransfer capacity of 200megawatts (MW) of electricity.

Phase two is to cost US$302million for another transfer ca-pacity of 400 MW upon com-pletion in 2014.

Apart from transmission ofpower, the towers carrying thehigh voltage transmission con-

ductors will also carry low volt-age conductors for rural electri-fication along the transmissioncorridor.

The three governmentshave secured grants worthUS$800,000 for preparatory ac-tivities on the project from theN E PAD Infrastru c t u re Pro j e c tPreparatory Fund.

A consortium of consultantshas been hired as transactionadvisers to provide financial,technical and legal advisoryservices for the initial stage ofthe project. �

Power trade project for Tanzania, Zambia and Kenya

Southern Africa vulnerable to rising world oil prices


Rising world oil prices are affecting prices of goods and services in SADC.

Angola poised toboost oil output


Africa Peoples Org a n i s a t i o n( S WAPO), his commitment tothe independence of Namibia,and his contribution as an edu-cator, notably as Assistant Direc-tor of the UN Institute forNamibia (UNIN) in Lusaka,while in exile.

Mose Penaani Tjitendero wasborn in Okahandja in 1943, andleft the country in 1964 throughwhat is now Botswana andZambia around the time of itsimpending independence, v i aKazungula, making his way tothe United Republic of Tanzaniaand the SWAPO office there.

He was involved in the radiobroadcasts from Dar es Salaamto Namibia that were presentedin several languages, and hewas active in youth politics, ris-ing to a leadership role on theyouth executive.

He enrolled at the KurisiniInternational School in Dar esSalaam to get his high schoolcertificate, and was awarded ascholarship for underg r a d u a t estudies at Lincoln University inthe United States, where he readhistory and political science.

He followed this with aMasters in History from theUniversity of Massachusetts atAm-herst, and a doctorate ineducation from the same uni-v e r s i t y.

The young and well-educat-ed Tjitendero then returned toLusaka in 1976 to share hisknowledge, as a Senior Lecturerat UNIN, and later as Head ofTeacher Training and AssistantDirector of the institute.

Just prior to Namibia's inde-pendence, he moved to Luandaas Director of the UN Vocationaland Technical Training Centre in1988-89.

A former UNESCO col-league who worked with himin that period says he was “a vi-sionary with a deep commit-

ment to the cause ofindependent Namib-ia.”

Other colleaguesmentioned again andagain, his “honestyand his principles”…

He was dedicatedto his own family andhis wife, Sandy, his lifepartner for more than30 years, but theyw e re often calledupon to share his timeand attention for hiswider family ofNamibians and south-ern Africans, to whomhe was also commit-ted.

A key objective ofhis vision and his con-tribution to the region was inthe broader role of the proposeddevelopment community forsouthern Africa.

He said the signing of theSADC Treaty in Windhoek inAugust 1992 was “not simply amatter of transforming SADCfrom a loose regional groupinginto a legal entity, but ushered inthe spirit of the treaty establish-ing the African Economic Com-munity adopted by the OAUHeads of State... in June 1991.”

When SADC followed upwith adoption of a community-building programme to widenits community beyond govern-ment, Mr Speaker was re a d ywith his vision for a regionalParliamentary Forum to “famil-iarise the peoples of SADCcountries with the aims and ob-jectives of SADC.”

“ We need to bring SADCcloser to the people. Our people,all our people, need to know,understand and popularise theaims and objectives of SADC.

“For example, what is thisconcept of development, and ofa development community? We

need to start from the beginningand systematically inculcate thevalues of SADC in the heartsand minds of our constituents.”

Among the other objectivesthat Tjitendero enunciated for aregional forum of parliamentar-ians in support of the SADCideal were the promotion of theprinciples of human rights anddemocracy, provision of a forumfor matters of common concern,to facilitate networking andpopularise the concepts of de-velopment and cooperation, aswell as inclusive participationby other members of the com-munity.

But, as he repeated manytimes in many fora over manyyears, the primary objective of aSADC PF should be to encour-age effective implementation ofSADC policies, and to provideservices to SADC as required.

The late Dr Tjitendero sel-dom worked alone, always witha team and in partnership, andhe would expect therefore thatothers are ready to continue thework that he initiated, and inthe same spirit. �

IT IS rare to find a visionary en-dowed also with the practicalskills of management, integrityand implementation.

One such rare person was theHon Dr Mose Penaani Tjiten-dero, who died in Windhoek,aged 63, after a life dedicated tohis country, his region and hisfamily.

Honoured as a hero in hisown country, Namibia, wherehe was given a state funeral andburial at Heroes Acre, he alsoprovided inspiration beyond hisborders.

Dr Tjitendero was widely re-spected throughout the SADCregion, and played a key role incommunity building.

He was the vision, inspira-tion and driving force for the es-tablishment of the SADC Parlia-mentary Forum, persisting untilhe won the support of all SADCparliaments, for an initiative sonew and yet so obvious that it isnow taken for granted as an es-tablished player in the region.

Most writers about Dr Tjiten-dero have concentrated on hisconsiderable post-independenceachievements. He contributed todrafting the Constitution for theRepublic of Namibia as a mem-ber of the Constituent Assembly,and emerged as the first Speakerof the National Assembly, a posthe held for 15 years.

As Speaker, he built and re-formed the parliamentary sys-tem, committee by committee,to make it a transparent and ef-fective forum for legislationand debate on national and re-gional issues. He was an elect-ed member of parliament sincethe pre-independence electionsin 1989 leading to Namibia's in-dependence in 1990.

Little has been written, how-ever, about his formation duringthe liberation struggle as amember of the South We s t

“We need to bring SADC closer to the people”

Tjitendero a visionary with deepcommitment to his region and people

He would expect others to continue his work inthe same spirit.

New Partnership sets tone for widerTHE WINDHOEK Declarationon a New SADC-ICP Partner-ship adopted by the SADC Con-sultative Conference in A p r i lopens new avenues for the im-plementation of SADC's pro-grammes and projects, and un-derlines the region's intentionsto widen participation in region-al development efforts.

The partnership is a land-mark framework that will en-s u re more effective develop-ment cooperation, based onprinciples of ownership, align-ment, harmonisation andstreamlining of operational pro-cedures, rules and other prac-tices pertaining to the deliveryof development assistance.

Most important, the confer-ence endorsed the Regional In-dicative Strategic DevelopmentPlan (RISDP) and the StrategicIndicative Plan for the Organ onPolitics, Defence and SecurityCooperation (SIPO) as theroadmaps for deepening region-al integration.

The conference re a ff i r m e dSADC's commitment to work-ing with other non-state playersfrom the region such as the pri-vate sector and civil society or-ganisations.

In this edition we highlightsome of the issues identifiedwithin the framework ofSADC's priority areas.

Infrastructure Support forRegional IntegrationI n f r a s t ru c t u re plays a pivotal ro l ein the overall regional develop-ment agenda as it unlocks oppor-tunities such as trade facilitation,p rovision of agricultural infra-s t ru c t u re, and access to facilitiesby both business and rural com-munities at aff o rdable cost.

Opportunities exist for theprivate sector and other playersin the region to participate in newi n f r a s t ructural projects in the

tourism, energ y, transport,water and communications

sectors that could bemade possible by theNew Partnership.

Member States andthe ICPs agreed on the


(Top), NamiHifikepunyewith headsat the SADCConference(left), SADCdisplay stanNamibian cgroup enterdelegates, (Conferencebooklets.

importance of prioritised invest-ment in infrastructural pro j e c t s .

SADC is setting up a Pro j e c tP reparation and DevelopmentFund to develop Member Statecapacity to appraise projects.

Support is, however, re q u i re df rom the ICPs for the strategict h rust of SADC in respect of spa-tial development initiatives anddevelopment corridors.

The various pillars under thei n f r a s t ru c t u re cluster will alsobenefit from the establishment ofseparate thematic groups cover-ing the priority sectors of energ y,transport, tourism and water. Sofar only one thematic group (theWater Strategy Reference Gro u p )has been established. Otherg roups will be set up in coopera-tion with interested ICPs.

Another re c o m m e n d a t i o nwas that all infrastructural devel-opments should be sensitive toissues of environmental compli-ance and social acceptability. Thiswill ensure that future pro j e c t swill have to satisfy enviro n m e n-tal standards and cultural normsprior to implementation.

Trade, Economic Liberalisationand DevelopmentThis is one of the areas in whichSADC has set some crucial targ e t swhose achievement re q u i res theparticipation of all stakeholders.

The overall objective of thisintervention area is to facilitatetrade and financial liberalisation,competitive and diversified in-dustrial development, and in-c reased investment for deeper re-gional integration through the es-tablishment of a SADC CommonMarket by 2015.

The regional developmentblueprint targets to have a SADCF ree Trade A rea by 2008 and aCustoms Union by 2010.

Potential areas of coopera-tion include strengthening theinstitutional capacity of theSADC Secretariat and MemberStates; speeding up the regionalintegration process; addressingcomplications on the re g i o n a ltrade arc h i t e c t u re emanatingfrom overlapping membership;and harmonisation of data on

trade, investment and businessdevelopment.

The sentiment was that eco-nomic integration pro c e s s e swithin SADC needed to be expe-dited and the Secretariat shouldcome up with a roadmap onwhat needs to be done.

Overlapping membership toregional organisations presents aserious barrier to deeper re g i o n a lintegration and the region's min-isters of trade must urgently meetto discuss options and implica-tions for the region.

T h e re is still more work to bedone in terms of attaining macro -economic convergence. While thestability targets have been agre e dupon, the extent of converg e n c eand timetables needs to be re c o n-s i d e red.

Sustainable Food SecurityA c o h e rent policy and strategicframework is re q u i red to en-hance SADC's ability to attainsustainable food self-sustenance.The policy should promote prior-ity areas such as irrigation andinput provision; address the ro l eof women in agriculture; re c o g-nise the importance of disasterp re p a redness; and guaranteeland tenure and security.

Support is required to im-prove existing SADC capacity tomonitor and coordinate pro-grammes to boost food security.

Training was also identifiedas having a special role in en-hancing regional food security.The training will involve bothfarmers and agricultural ex-perts.


participation in community building

n Presidentohamba,delegationonsultativeWindhoek,cretariatright),ural danceningtom),b-theme

With re g a rd to funding ofagriculture, an urgent need wasidentified for increased financ-ing by Member States and theICPs, as well as the develop-ment of absorption capacitywithin SADC to ensure avail-able funds are fully utilised.

Marketing and agro-process-ing are also priorities in thequest to attain food security inSADC while Member States un-dertook to implement commit-ments made in the Dar esSalaam Declaration on Agricul-ture and Food Security.

Social and Human DevelopmentThe cluster on Social andHuman Development aims tocontribute to poverty reductionand improvement of the avail-

ability of educated, well-in-formed, skilled, healthy and cul-turally responsive people.

The priority sectors of inter-vention are health, education,labour and employment, andculture, information and sports.

Member States, business andcivil society organisations havemajor roles to play in the imple-mentation of the SADC HealthP rotocol, particularly sectionsdealing with control of commu-nicable and non-communicablediseases, strengthening ofhealth systems, promotion ofjoint procurement and local pro-duction of essential medicines,and retention and training ofhuman resources.

Patients will benefit fro mthe strengthening of re g i o n a l

quality control capabilities toavoid the dumping of substan-d a rd medicines by suppliersf rom outside the region. Imple-mentation of the SADC Pro t o-col on Education and Tr a i n i n gis another area that will openopportunities for the region, inparticular the CSOs and the ed-ucation sector.

Areas of possible cooperationin labour and employment is-sues are the development of a re-gional framework to facilitatefree movement of labour, imple-mentation of tripartism and so-cial dialogue, and strengtheningof regional capacity to improveoccupational safety and healthstandards.

Priorities and possible are a sof collaboration under the cul-t u re, information and sportssector include strategies to pro-mote and facilitate intra-re-gional cultural exchange; re-view of existing mechanismsfor collection and dissemina-tion of information; pro t e c t i o nand development of indige-nous knowledge and culturalindustries; and establishmentof the SADC Culture Tru s tFund to mobilise re s o u rces andfacilitate regional cultural pro-g r a m m e s .

HIV and AIDSThe major milestones for the re-gion in the fight against HIV andAIDS include the adoption ofthe Maseru Declaration on HIVand AIDS, and the developmentof a regional HIV and A I D Sbusiness plan.

These offer opportunities fora stronger partnership betweenMember States, ICPs, civil socie-ty and business, and re f l e c tgrowing political will to fightthe pandemic.

T h rough the Maseru Decla-ration on HIV and AIDS, SADChas identified the five areas foru rgent actions as pre v e n t i o nand social mobilisation; care ,t reatment and support; devel-opment and mitigation of theimpact; re s o u rce mobilisation;and monitoring and evalua-t i o n .

The SADC Secretariat wasasked to adapt and develop itsrole in facilitating MemberStates in implementing agreedpolicies, framework and actionplans, including coord i n a t i o nwith the African UnionHIV/AIDS Initiative and otherglobal initiatives.

Member States and ICPs un-dertook to improve preventionm e a s u res as one of the mainstrategies in the fight against thedisease. The prevention strategymust take into account issues ofpoverty, human rights, genderimbalance, sexuality and sexualviolence.

Strategic Indicative Plan of theOrgan on Politics, Defence andSecurity CooperationPolitical stability, peace and secu-rity are necessary conditions forsustainable development andeconomic growth. SADC hascommitted itself to building acommunity based on a CommonF u t u re and recognises that peace,s e c u r i t y, democracy and good po-litical governance are key integra-tion and development enablers.

The New Partnership identi-fied the need for SADC and theICPs to engage in open andfrank discussions on issues ofpeace and security. This willhelp in establishing an environ-ment of mutual respect and con-tribute to the existing peacefulatmosphere in the region.

The SADC region is experi-encing an unprecedented periodof peace and the creation of aframework for the engagementwith ICPs will enhance regionalstability.

Re-integration of ex-combat-ants into society, funding of de-mining and mine awareness pro-grammes, and assistance withmanagement and protection ofrefugees are some of the areaswhere SADC will benefit fromthe New Partnership.

The partnership could alsoopen doors for the strengtheningof the capacity of the Directorateon Politics, Defence and SecurityAffairs and the SADC StandbyForce. �


WIND ENERGY could providepart of the answer to SADC'selectricity problems if a pilotproject being implemented bySouth Africa is successful.

Cape Town's mayoral com-mittee has approved a pro-posed power purchase agree-ment with Darling Wind Farm,a R70m (approx. US$12m) na-tional pilot project fundedjointly by the Danish Interna-tional Development A g e n c y,the Department of Mineralsand Energy, and the Darling In-dependent Power Pro d u c i n gCompany.

The project will open up op-portunities for further wind en-

e rgy projects and other"green energy projects" in

the Western Cape andfurther afield.

It will also be an im-portant step in assist-

ing the city to boost its electric-ity supply and to reach its tar-get of sourcing 10 percent of itsoverall energy re q u i re m e n t sf rom sustainable sources by2020.

Approval of the committee'srecommendation will pave theway for Cape Town residents topurchase energy from the Dar-ling Wind Farm. This will bemarketed to "willing buyers" atan initial premium of R0.25 perkwh.

It is expected that the de-mand for green energy will out-strip the 13,200 gigawatt hoursof energy that can be suppliedannually by the farm.

Darling Wind Farm is ex-pected to commence genera-tion in 2007 and the energ ywill be sold through the city'selectricity service pro v i d e r.( S a p a ) �

I N VADER BUSH p resents aunique opportunity for farmersand other rural people to be-come electricity suppliers to theNamibian market, according tothe Namibia Agricultural Union(NAU).

The bush, which has infested26,000 hectares of land in thecountry, threatens the sustain-ability of the beef industry byreducing the carrying capacityof the land.

H o w e v e r, the challenge ofNamibia's bush re s o u rces canbe turned into an opportunityfor generating biomass energ ysuch as cooking fuel, larg e -scale electricity generation,c h a rcoal production andethanol pro d u c t i o n .

This would strengthenNamibia's generation capacityand help to address its capacityshortages. NAU, through its BushUtilisation and Debushing Com-mittee, has compiled a pro j e c t

p roposal that will be submitted todonors for possible funding.

Consulting Services A f r i c a(CSA), which is working withNAU on the project, said the op-portunities could yield signifi-cant economic benefits for theentire nation.

Invader bush can be madeinto charcoal briquettes whichcould substitute firewood, in-crease charcoal exports to SouthAfrica and Europe, or be used topower a charcoal power station.

The bush can also be used toproduce wood gas, to be used inmodified diesel generators forelectricity production.

An in-depth study was carriedout in 1999 to determine the feasi-bility of using invader bush topower the Van Eck power stationand a proposed new power sta-tion in Grootfontein, but at thattime this option was more expen-sive than the price of electricityf rom Eskom of South Africa.

Namibia imports about halfof its electricity re q u i re m e n t sfrom South Africa and has beenseverely affected by the poweroutage caused by damage to theWestern Cape's Koeberg nuclearstation, which triggered powerblackouts in the Western Capeand Namibia.

Demand for electricity inSouth Africa is outstripping

supply due to high economicgrowth, coupled with lack of in-vestment in new generation ca-pacity and damage at the Koe-berg station.

The contagion effects of theSouth African power crisis haveaffected Namibia's business sec-tor and the public through elec-tricity blackouts and water ra-tioning. �

Invader bush for energy generation

Water kiosks for peri-urban dwellers inZambia

South Africa in pilot wind energy project

ZAMBIA'S NAT I O N A L Wa-ter Supply and SanitationCouncil (NWASCO) re q u i re s�20 million to set up waterkiosk systems in peri-urbanand low-cost residential are a sto ensure the availability ofclean water.

N WASCO estimates thatapproximately 1.9 million ofthe 4.5 million people in peri-urban and low-cost areas donot have access to clean wa-ter. The council wants to in-troduce a water kiosk systemto be run by water utilitycompanies in targeted areas.

Under the system, con-sumers will be re q u i red topay K20 (less than US$0.01)for a 20-litre container of wa-t e r. The system will pro v i d eservices to peri-urban andlow-cost dwellers who walklong distances to fetch water.

Water kiosk systems havebeen set up as a pilot pro j e c tin Ndola under the manage-ment of Kafubu Water andSewerage Company, and inWestern province under theWestern Water and Sewer-age Company. ( Times of Zam -b i a ) �

Water kiosks, a pilot project to ensure the availability of clean water inperi-urban Zambia.


THE FUTURE of SADC lies inMember States' ability to rise tothe challenges of aligning na-tional objectives to the regionalcommon interest as well as set-ting realistic priorities for pro-grammes, says former SADCExecutive Secre t a r y, SimbaMakoni.

In a SADC lecture at theUniversity of Namibia ahead ofthe SADC Consultative Confer-ence in Windhoek, Makoni saidone of the challenges faced bySADC is the question of com-mon membership of re g i o n a lgroupings.

Overlaps exist in the mem-bership of SADC, CommonMarket for Eastern and South-ern Africa (COMESA), SouthAfrican Customs Union (SACU)and East African Community(EAC), with some countries be-longing to two or three org a n i-sations.

Three of these regional or-ganisations – SADC, COMESAand EAC – have identical sec-toral programmes and are allaiming to establish Free TradeAreas and Monetary Unions.

“We have to rationalise theseoverlaps in order to chart abright future for our re g i o n .This will avoid duplication,competition and conflict of in-terests,” he said.

Another challenge for Mem-ber States, he said, is a review oftheir motives for joining theseorganisations.

“Is it for political solidarityor for the economic and otherbenefits that derive out of mem-bership of such bodies? What isit that we want out of beingmembers of SADC, COMESA,SACU or EAC?,” Makoni chal-lenged the region.

The former executive secre-tary noted that the success ofSADC initiatives lies in ensuringthat national programmes and

Imperatives for deeper integration and development

projects are in line with regionalobjectives. Regional pro-grammes and projects arebound to fail unless national in-t e rests are subservient to thecommon good, he warned.

He challenged SADC tos t reamline the number of pro-grammes and projects it is im-plementing, with a view tohaving a leaner portfolio. Hesaid the region currently has500 programmes or pro j e c t svalued at more than US$10 bil-l i o n .

“It seems to me that notmuch effort goes into pro j e c tidentification and selection. Ibelieve Member States go forall projects on offer in order toenhance their chances of re-ceiving assistance, the so-called shopping basket andfishing net approaches,” hesaid.

Focus will be essential asSADC moves towards establish-ing a Customs Union and Com-mon Market by 2010 and 2015,respectively. The region needs tounderstand its partners well inorder to strike the right balanceor trade off.

The region needs to take con-trol of its destiny by becomingfinancially independent.

He said the region must aimfor ownership of its pro-grammes and projects and thisshould involve greater sacri-fices by Member States withre g a rd to funding of the org a n-isation.

“Our challenge is to rendermaterial support to regional ini-tiatives rather than wait forsomeone in Brussels or someother Western capital to comewith their money and its atten-dant conditionalities,” he said.

Linked to that is the ques-tion of how much of the re-s o u rces for projects actually got o w a rds implementation of thep rogrammes. How much ofthese are taken up by pure l yadministrative things likesalaries and office expenses,and how much goes toward sactual implementation?

“More resources must be de-voted to the actual work on theground so that people see thebenefits of being members ofSADC. The perception out thereis that SADC only caters for theleaders,” Makoni said.

In terms of the human re-sources capacity of the SADCSecretariat, he said competenceand professionalism must be ac-corded top priority in the re-cruitment process.

Under the present re c ru i t-ment system, Member Statesa re allocated quotas on thenumber of their nationals thatcan be employed at the Secre-tariat at any given time. Once acountry's quota is surpassed, itsnationals will no longer be eli-gible for employment at theS e c re t a r i a t .

The momentum must bemaintained to ensure the re-gion's aspirations are entrustedin the hands of individuals com-petent and professional enoughto advance regional develop-ment and integration.

“This is linked to the need totake a critical look at the issueof country quotas with regardto recruitment. Do we need tomaintain the quota system orthe region will be served betterwith an alternative recruitmentsystem?,” the former executivesecretary said.

Makoni sees a greater ro l ein the regional agenda fornon-state actors such as busi-ness, academia, civil societyo rganisations and members ofthe public. Non-state actorshave important roles to play inensuring that SADC pro j e c t sand programmes are imple-mented and have the supportof people on the gro u n d .

The importance of establish-ing a partnership with businessand civil society was also high-lighted during the ConsultativeConference by various speak-ers, most notably the SADC Ex-ecutive Secre t a r y, Tomaz A u-gusto Salomão.

The region's developmentblueprints already make pro v i-sions for the active participationof non-state actors in the ro l l - o u tof projects and pro g r a m m e s .

The challenge is to go be-yond nationalism and aim forthe common good.

“This can only be achievedwhen we can all see beyondour national flags and view allthe other countries in the re-gion as part of the same fami-l y,” Makoni said.

In the lecture, titled SADC:Imperatives for Deeper Integrationand Development, Makoni alsospoke about the early days ofSADC and the motives behindthe current re s t ru c t u r i n gprocess.

The lecture was jointly or-ganised by the Secretariat andUNAM as part of efforts tob roaden understanding ofSADC and its objectives. �

Simba Makoni is a former SADCE x e c u t ive Secretary and ZimbabweCabinet minister.

B O T S WA N A AND N a m i b i aplan to take part in an ambitiousundersea regional cable net-work project to improve the cur-rent capacity and reliability oftelecommunication systems inSADC.

President Festus Mogae saidBotswana has expanded connec-tivity by participating in severalinitiatives, including the We s tAfrican Festoon Systems, whichconnects countries along thewest coast of Africa from Nige-ria to Namibia.

Considering that Botswana isa landlocked country, Mogae in-vited Namibia to become part ofthe project to make use ofNamibian waters.

Participation of both Namibiaand Angola is critical as thisproject qualifies a country fortwo landing points and Mogaesaid Botswana is also negotiat-ing with Angola to participate in

the project.The project will enable

both countries to have areliable network ofhigh capacity, high-speed links, which can

connect to similar networks inneighbouring SADC countriesand internationally, thus im-proving the region's global con-nectivity. �

TOP AFRICAN political andbusiness leaders have met at anannual economic summit toidentify priorities to sustain re-cent growth on the continent,engage business as an agent forchange, draw lessons from best-performing states, address risks,and assess new opportunities.

The summit, organised bythe World Economic Foru m ,took place in Cape Town from31 May to 2 June.

Held under the theme“Going for Growth”, the objec-tive was to launch a public-pri-vate sector partnership to ad-dress poverty, to assess new op-portunities for growth, and toencourage a change of per-ception about the continent.

High on the agenda was adiscussion of how a legacy ofnegative perception has hin-

d e red growth in Africa, andhow to use the continent's com-parative advantages to push for-ward its development agenda.

T h e re was also a focus on theopportunities provided byAfrica's relationship with Chinaand India, and the challenges ofboosting physical and social in-f r a s t ru c t u re .

More than 700 participantswere expected to address theunderlying risks to Africa's de-velopment such as whether theaverage 5.3 percent growth isadequate to create the jobs andgrowth needed to turn the tide,and how the different scenarios

for developments on the globalstage affect the continent.

Also on the agenda was therole of the media in shapinggovernment policies and im-pacting on social behavioura round HIV and AIDS; andways of enhancing the role ofthe private sector, particularlyagri-business, in food security.

Among the high-profile par-ticipants invited to the summitw e re presidents A r m a n d oEmilio Guebuza of Mozam-bique, Jakaya Kikwete of theUnited Republic of Ta n z a n i aand Thabo Mbeki of SouthAfrica. �


from 1 July. In the months priorto this, all goods are supposedto display prices in both old andnew meticais.

From July to 31 December,both "families" of the meticalwill be legal tender, but the oldcoins and notes will graduallybe withdrawn from circulation.

The country's main opposi-tion party, the Mozambique Na-tional Resistance (Renamo), hasopposed the currency re f o r m ,claiming that this is unconstitu-tional, because the law approv-ing the currency reform waspassed last November by a sim-ple majority, rather than a two-thirds majority. (AIM) �

MOZAMBIQUE IS m o v i n gahead with the reform of its cur-rency, which will result in the in-troduction of new banking notesand coins from 1 July.

The reform seeks to make theMozambican curre n c y, the meti-cal, more manageable by knock-ing off the last three digits. This isa simple matter of dividing by athousand so that the curre n t1,000 meticais coin will be worthone of what the government callsthe "new family" of the metical.

The largest of the current ban-knotes, for 500,000 meticais, willbe worth 500 of the new meticais.

The new banknotes andcoins should enter circulation as

Economic summit considers growth strategies for Africa

Undersea cable network beckons forBotswana, Namibia

Mozambique presses on with currency reform

From 1 July to 31 December 2006, the new “family” of Meticais notes will bein circulation with the old Meticais notes above.

Single-digit inflation for Zambia

CURRENCY CHECKLISTCountry Currency (US $1)Angola Kwanza (100 lwei) 80.58 Botswana Pula (100 thebe) 5.51 DRC Congo Franc 435.00Lesotho Maloti (100 lisente) 6.10 Madagascar Ariary 9,150.00 Malawi Kwacha (100 tambala) 137.50Mauritius Rupee (100 cents) 30.70 Mozambique Metical (100 centravos) 26,650.00 Namibia Dollar (100 cents) 6.43South Africa Rand (100 cents) 6.31 Swaziland Lilangeni (100 cents) 6.30 Tanzania Shilling (100 cents) 1,239.00Zambia Kwacha (100 ngwee) 3,045.00 Zimbabwe Dollar (100 Cents) 101,195.54

May 2006

ZAMBIA APPEARS on courseto meeting the SADC target ofachieving single-digit inflationby 2008.

The country's year- o n - y e a rrate of inflation dropped to 9.4percent in April from 10.7 per-cent in March. The decline in in-flation came on the back oflower food prices and an appre-ciating exchange rate.

The Kwacha has gained ins t rength against the major con-vertible currencies over the pastfew years. It is pegged at aro u n dK2,900 to the US dollar compare dto K7,000 per US$1 in 2001.

Attainment of single-digitinflation is one of the targ e t sset by SADC in its quest toachieve macroeconomic con-v e rgence. It is envisaged thatthe rate of inflation in all the 14SADC Member States willhave declined to five perc e n tby 2012 and three percent by2 0 1 8 .

A stable inflationary envi-ronment will be essential in thequest by the region to create aF ree Trade A rea by 2008,a Customs Union by 2010and a Common Market by2015. �


A N G O L A H AVE the enviabletask of carrying the hopes andaspirations of southern A f r i c aat the FIFA World Cup in Juneand of being the only countryf rom the region to be short-list-ed to host the 2010 continentalfootball showcase.

The oil-rich southern Africancountry is the remaining SADCcandidate for the hosting of the2010 African Cup of Nations fol-lowing a draw conducted inEgypt on 14 May.

Angola was short-listed tohost the African soccershowcase in four years time to-gether with Libya, Nigeria anda joint Gabon-EquitorialGuinea bid.

Bids from other SADC coun-tries, Mozambique, Namibiaand Zimbabwe were rejected.

The "Palancas Negras" areSADC's sole representatives atthe World Cup set to start on 9June and end on 9 July.

Angola, which is in Group Dtogether with Mexico, Iran andPortugal, have already an-nounced a 23-member squad forthe tournament. The squad willbe led by Fabrice “Akwá” Maiecoand includes other star playerssuch as Nsimba “Zé Kalanga”Baptista, and Flávio A m a d o .

The team pre p a red thoro u g h-ly for its maiden World Cup ap-pearance having played a num-ber of friendly matches againstsome of the world's best teamsduring the past two months.

The friendly matches includ-ed a 0-1 loss to South Korea inApril. Other warm-up matchesw e re scheduled against former

world champions, A rgentina, inItaly on 30 May, Turkey on 2 June,a nd the United States on 5 June.

The preparations have alsoincluded participation in the an-

nual regional Cosafa tourna-ment where the team is throughto the semi-finals after easily ac-counting for Mauritius andLesotho. �

atre groups, dance groups andfine artists from Zimbabwe,South Africa, Malawi, Democra-tic Republic of Congo (DRC),Namibia, Zambia, Ghana, Nige-ria, Britain and Cote d'Ivoire.

The highlight of the festivalwas a musical act by Benin's An-gelique Kidjo who put upa good performance. Kidjocharmed a huge main-stage au-dience with her dancing, drivenby her desire to have a personalinteraction with her fans.

"I interact with the audiencebecause I want it to share my vi-sion of a united Africa," saidKidjo.

A United Nations Childre n ' sFund (UNICEF) goodwill am-b a s s a d o r, Kidjo also spokeabout the children of A f r i c aand shared her views aboutchild physical and emotionala b u s e .

Namibian group, Gazza,was another attraction at HI-FA. Its blend of dance hall, rag-ga, hip-hop and kwaito wonthe group many hearts duringthe festival.

Other established and up-coming artists who tookpart included poet ChirikureC h i r i k u re, mbira artist Chion-

iso Maraire, both of Zimbabwe;Democratic Republic of Congomusician Lokua Kanza; Niger-ian singer Asha; Cote d'Ivoire ' sreggae artist Tiken Jah Fakoly;and South Africa's jazz artistSteve Dyer and poet A n j i eK ro g .

Kanza conducted workshopsduring the festival, which wereattended by musicians fro mKenya, Malawi, Swaziland,South Africa, Zambia andMadagascar.

The festival aims to promotecultural exchange programmest h roughout the continent andbeyond.

This year's theme was“hAND in hAND”, symbolis-ing the solidarity among artistsf rom Africa and the rest of theworld. Organisers noted thatthe high standard of interna-tional and local artists whoparticipated at HIFA 2 0 0 6demonstrated the theory of ul-timate collaboration and ex-change. �

World Cup debutants Angola short-listed to host 2010 AFCON

TOP REGIONAL and interna-tional artists converged onHarare in April for the HarareInternational Festival of the Arts(HIFA) that transformed Zim-babwe into southern Africa's en-tertainment capital.

For six days from 25-30 April,Harare played host to some ofAfrica's best performing and vi-sual artists.

HIFA is an annual interna-tional arts festival that encom-passes five main disciplines:music, theatre, fine arts, danceand spoken word. The festivalbegan in 1999 and since then ithas taken the Zimbabwean andsouthern African arts scene bystorm.

It showcases the best ofZimbabwean performancesand fine arts while at the sametime staging and exhibiting themost exciting and creative in-ternational and regional per-f o r m a n c e s .

This year's festival broughttogether musicians, poets, the-

International flavour at Harare arts festival

Angola, SADC’s sole representative to the 2006 World Cup

Fighting child abuse through music

The New Partnership for Africa'sDevelopment Progress Report -Towards DevelopmentBy Prof. Firmino G. MucaveleSouth Africa, Midrand, NEPAD, 200621pp.Progress report for NEPAD covering theperiod 2002 to 2006. It highlights some of theNEPAD's major achievements that includecreation of a conducive environment forsustained development.Among other issues, NEPAD witnessed thesuccessful resolution of conflict in Coted'Ivoire, ongoing efforts in Sudan and theDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC), andsuccessful elections in the United Republic ofTanzania, Liberia and Burundi.Available from the NEPAD Secretariat, P.O Box1234, Midrand, Halfway House 1685, SouthAfrica.E-mail [email protected] www.nepad.org

Namibia Trade Directory 2006:A Review of Namibian Trade andIndustryEdited by Sandra van RooyenNamibia, Windhoek, Namibia Trade Directory(Pty) Ltd, 2006235pp.The directory presents the ideal opportunityfor the Namibian private and public sectorplayers to disseminate specific information ontheir products and services to the rest of theworld. It is valuable reference andcomprehensive information tool as it providesfacts on company profiles, vital contacts andclassified listings.Available from Ministry of Trade and Industry,P. Bag 13340, Windhoek, NamibiaE-mail [email protected] www.namibiatradedirectory.com

is on the prevention of HIV and AIDS,care and support, and the mitigation ofthe impact in order to ensure sustainablehuman development in the SADCregion. This 33-page booklet is availablefrom the SADC Secretariat, P. Bag 0095,Gaborone, Botswana.E-mail [email protected] www.sadc.int �

THE SADC HIV and AIDS StrategicFramework and Programme of Action2003-2007 provides a multi-dimensionalresponse to the pandemic in southernAfrica. It is aimed at intensifying meas-ures and actions to address the devastat-ing and pervasive impacts of HIV andAIDS in a comprehensive and comple-mentary way. The focus of the response

PUBLICATIONSRegional Strategic Action Planon Integrated Water ResourcesDevelopment and ManagementAnnotated Strategic Plan 2005 - 2010Programme Implementation Manual 2005-2010

Managing the HIV and AIDS Pandemic in theSouthern African Development Community

SADC and Donors - Ideals andPractices: From Gaborone to Paris andBackby Elling N. TjnnelandBotswana, Gaborone, 200636pp.This report sets out to take stock of the currentrelations between SADC and its internationalcooperating partners, that is, the externaldonor agencies providing support andassistance. It identifies obstacles andopportunities for making progress anddiscusses the current efforts, inspired by theParis Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, toprovide modalities and mechanism for a newpartnership between SADC and donors.Available from The FOPRISA Coordinator c/oBIDPA, P. Bag BR29, Gaborone, Botswana.E-mail [email protected] www.foprisa.net

Rules of Origin under EPAs:Key Issues and New Directionsby Eckart NaumannSouth Africa, Trade Law Centre for SouthernAfrica, 200530ppRules of origin form a critical component of anytrade agreement or pre f e rential tradea rea, and thus an important role in theimplementation of trade policy. They are usedas a tool for determining the “economicnationality” of a product, rather than mere l ydeeming the last geographic location fro mwhich a product is shipped as itsn a t i o n a l i t y. As a result, the terms and conditionscontained in Rules Of Origin (ROO) are some ofthe most important determinants of marketaccess as highlighted in this working paper.Available in electronic format from Trade LawC e n t re for Southern Africa, P.O. Box 224,Stellenbosch 7599, South African.E-mail tru d i h a r t z e n b e rg @ t r a l a c . o rgWebsite www. t r a l a c . o rg

“THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN region is largely awater deficit area. This underlines the importanceof planning, development and managing the re-source wisely...”

So begins the Foreword to SADC's second re-gional strategic action plan on the management ofwater resources.

The plan contains a review of the history andcontext of the application of Integrated Water Re-sources Management in the SADC region, as wellas progress and goals of implementation; and im-pact on the development agenda, in terms ofpoverty alleviation, hydropower and regional in-tegration.

The plan's mission is “to provide a sustainableenabling environment, leadership and coord i n a t i o nin water re s o u rces strategic planning, use and infra-s t ru c t u re development through application of inte-grated water re s o u rces management at memberstate, regional, river basin and community level.”

The publication is well designed and pro d u c e d ,and user friendly. The plan is presented in two shortvolumes: the Annotated Strategic Plan, and the Pro-gramme Implementation Manuel. Both cover theperiod of 2005-2010.

A review of the first phase implementation ofthe SADC Regional Strategic Action Plan for Inte-grated Water Resources Management (1999-2004)has also been published, containing lessons andbest practices.

It is intended to inform, to record and to high-light the efforts of the many individuals who

work towards the sustainable developmentof water resources.

Both publications are available fromthe SADC secretariat.E-mail [email protected] www.sadc.int �



THE SO U T H E R N AF R I C A NDE V E L O P M E N T CO M M U N I T Y TO D AY

SADC Today, Vol 9 No 2 June 2006

SADC TODAY is produced as a reference source of activities and opportunities inthe Southern African Development Community, and a guide for decision-makers atall levels of national and regional development. Articles may be reproduced freelyin the media and elsewhere, with attribution.

EDITORMunetsi Madakufamba

EDITORIAL COMMITTEEJoseph Ngwawi, Patson Phiri, Bayano Valy, Eunice Kadiki,

Mukundi Mutasa, Chenai Mufanawejingo,Chipo Muvezwa, Alfred Gumbwa, Maidei Musimwa,

Clever Mafuta, Pamela Mhlanga, Phyllis Johnson

EDITORIAL ADVISORSHead of Corporate Communications Unit, SADC

Leefa Penehupifo Martin

SADC TO DAY is published six times a year by the Southern African Research andDocumentation Centre (SARDC) for the SADC Secretariat in Gaborone, Botswana, as areliable, knowledge source on the Southern African Development Community. Th econtents consider the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the NewPartnership forA f r i c a ’s Development (NEPAD) as integral to the region’s deve l o p m e n t .

© SADC, SARDC, 2006

SADC TO DAY welcomes contributions from individuals and organisations within theSADC region in the form of articles, photographs, news items and comments, and alsor e l e vant articles from outside the region. A standard fee is paid for articles, photos andi l l u s t rations used in the publication. The publishers reserve the right to select or rejectitems, and to edit to fit the space available. The contents do not necessarily reflect theofficial positions or opinions of SADC or SARDC.

Subscribe today

SADC TO DAY is available through an annual subscription fee. For six issues a ye a r, thefee is US$75 for outside Africa, US$55 for the rest of Africa and US$45 for SADC. Yo u rsubscription will enable you to receive the newsletter by airmail or email. For moredetails on subscriptions, please contact the Editor.

SADC TODAY is published in English and Portuguese and is available electronicallyin English, Portuguese and French at www.sadc.int www.sardc.net.

DESIGN & LAYOUTTonely Ngwenya

Arnoldina Chironda

PHOTOS & ILLUSTRATIONSp1, 8-9, SARDC; 4, CDFF;

5, Lanz von Hörsten. Copyright South African Tourism;6, Bienjamien Karlie/africapictures.net;

7, New Era; 10, Han Seur; 11, The Financial Gazette;13 (top), Matthew Mitchell - HIFA – MWEB;

13 (bottom), Adrian de Kock; 16, Sam Nzima, The World

ORIGINATION & PRINTDS Print Media, Johannesburg

Correspondence should be addressed to:The Editor, SADC TODAY

SARDC, 15 Downie Avenue, Belgravia, Harare, ZimbabweTel 263 4 791141 Fax 263 4 791271

[email protected]

SADC HOJESARDC, Rua D. Afonso Henriques, 141, Maputo, Moçambique

Tel 258 1 490831 Fax 258 1 [email protected]

Information 21 Websiteswww.sadc.int www.sardc.net www.ips.org www.saba.co.za

SADC TO DAY is supported by the Belgian government under the SADC Information21 project, whose aim is to strengthen regional integration through information and

k n owledge-sharing, based on the longstanding historical, social and cultural affinitiesand links among the peoples of the region, and to advance SADC’s agenda into the

21st century.

EVENTS DIARY 2006

June31 May – 2 JuneSouth Africa Africa Economic Forum

Organised by the World Economic Forum, the summit bringstogether the private sector, civil society and political leadersto discuss trade and investment opportunities in Africa.

21-23 South Africa SADC Integrated Committee of MinistersThe ICM is comprised of at least two ministers from eachSADC Member State. Its role is to ensure proper policyguidance and coordination of cross-sectoral activities ofSADC. The meeting will review the activities of SADCdirectorates to ensure rapid implementation of programmesthat would otherwise wait for the Council of Ministers.

21-23 South Africa Regional Adjudication on the SADC Media AwardsA SADC sub-committee is to adjudicate on the entries forthe 2006 media awards. This year the media awards willfocus on HIV and AIDS to encourage dissemination ofinformation on the pandemic.

29 – 8 JulySouth Africa Grahamstown National Arts Festival

The festival is one of the most important events on the SouthAfrican cultural calendar, and the biggest annual celebrationof the arts on the African continent. Running for betweeneight and 10 days, the festival captures the rich diversity ofSouth Africa’s arts industry.

July1-2 Gambia African Union Summit

The Assembly of Heads of State and Government from theAfrican Union’s 53 member countries will meet in Banjul forits seventh ordinary session. The meeting will be precededby the Ordinary Session of the Permanent Representativesand the Ordinary Session of the Council of Ministers.

1-6 Tanzania 30th Tanzania International Trade FairThe international exhibition that takes place in Dar- e s -Salaam will host trade delegations from throughout A f r i c a .The fair offers opportunities to do business with Ta n z a n i aand neighbouring countries. It will showcase genera lconsumer to specialised industrial products andm a ch i n e r y.

10-11 Tanzania 4th International Workshop on Technology for Education inDeveloping CountriesThe goal of TEDC 2006 is to bring together researchers, andeducators to discuss various issues involved in developingnew techniques and on novel uses of technology foreducation in developing countries.

August13-18 Canada International AIDS Conference 2006

Organised by International AIDS Society, the theme of the16th International AIDS Conference will be “Time toDeliver”. Participants will share the latest evidence, ideasand lessons learned in HIV and AIDS research, policies andprogrammes. The conference will focus on the sharedprevention, treatment and care obligations of those engagedto respond to the pandemic.

10-19 Lesotho SADC SummitThe Summit of Heads of State and Government is theultimate policy-making institution of SADC. The MaseruSummit will witness the official handover of the rotatingSADC Chair from President Festus Mogae of Botswana toPrime Minister Pakalitha Mosisili of Lesotho. SADC Councilof Ministers meet in advance of Summit to prepare policyrecommendations for adoption.

THE PICTURE of MbuyisaMakhubo carrying the body ofhis 13-year-old friend, HectorPetersen, has become an iconicimage symbolising the struggleof the youth of South Africa –and the beginning of the end ofapartheid.

The photograph, taken bySam Nzima of The World news-paper, appeared in newspapersand on television channels allover the world, sparking out-rage and a new aware n e s swhich hardened oppositionwithin and outside SouthAfrica to the brutality of theapartheid authorities.

On that day, 16 June 1976,m o re than 20,000 Sowetoschoolchildren staged a peaceful protest again the imposition of Afrikaansas the language of instruction for black pupils and against the discrimina-tion they suffered under the inferior “Bantu education” curriculum.

The Bantu education system, which had been enforced for black SouthAfricans since 1953, was characterised by separate schools and universi-ties, poor facilities, overcrowded classrooms and inadequately trainedteachers.

Some 700 hundred people, many of them youths, were killed and prop-erty destroyed in the violence that ensued during the next few weeks, afterpolice fired on the student demonstration.

The courage of the Soweto students in June 1976 is today commemo-rated by a national holiday in South Africa, Youth Day, which honours allthe young people who lost their lives in the struggle against apartheid andBantu education.

Thirty years on, South Africa recognises the courage of the youth whohelped to bring an end to apartheid.

The 16 June student uprising epitomises the role played by young peo-ple in the struggle to unshackle southern Africa from colonial rule. Theyouth were at the forefront in the struggle for independence in all coun-tries in southern Africa.

SOUTH AFRICA has embarked on a project to documentthe pre-colonial history of Mpumalanga province to edu-cate young people about the region’s past and pro m o t eu n i t y.

The Mpumalanga Heritage Research Project is an in-depth re s e a rch by a team of prominent historians, arc h a e-ologists, geologists, and rock art experts, led by Pro f e s s o r

Peter Delius from Wits University.It covers human history stretching back

40,000 years, with mining, ruined stone-walledcities of African empires, anti-colonial warriors,liberation struggle heroes and Stone Age Sanrock art.

Mpumalanga Prime Minister, ThabangMakwetla, said the project report will bepublished in a version easily accessible tothe public, and will be used for books, web-sites, promotional material for tourists andbranding of Mpumalanga.

"The most important benefit for thep rovince and the country of this type of re-s e a rch work is for us to promote unity in ourd i v e r s i t y," he said.

Mpumalanga also has the oldest goldmines in South Africa, and this wealth stim-ulated contacts with the outside world longb e f o reEuropean colonialism.

The study also confirms that Mpumalan-ga's historical gold-mining town of Pilgrim's Rest installedelectric street lights before major global metropolises suchas London, and that the other mining town of Barbertonhad the first stock exchange in Africa. ( B u a N e w s )

Public holidays in SADC

June – August 2006

1 June International Children’s Day Angola5 June Whit Monday Madagascar14 June Freedom Day Malawi16 June Youth Day South Africa25 June Independence Day Mozambique26 June Independence Day Madagascar30 June Independence Day DRC

1 July Sir Seretse Khama Day Botswana3 July Public Holiday Botswana3 July Heroes’ Day Zambia4 July Unity Day Zambia6 July Independence Day Malawi7 July International Trade Fair Tanzania17 July President’s Day Botswana17 July King’s Birthday Lesotho18 July Public Holiday Botswana22 July Public Holiday SwazilandTBA July Umhlanga ReedDance Swaziland

1 August Parents’ Day DRC7 August Farmers’ Day Zambia8 August Peasants’ Day Tanzania9 August National Women’s Day South Africa14 August Heroes’ Day Zimbabwe15 August Assumption Day Madagascar15 August Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Mauritius15 August Defence Forces Day Zimbabwe26 August Heroes’ Day Namibia29 August Ganesh Chathurthi Mauritius

A shared future within a regional community

South Africa documents Mpumalanga history

Soweto uprising 30 years on

new partnership for regional developmenti m p roving re s o u rce mobilisation and stre n g t...

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