neurons
DESCRIPTION
Neurons. The human brain. Thought experiment. Scientist have discovered that the brain has about 83 billion neurons. How do they know?. General Morphology of a Neuron. Axon Hillock. Nodes of Ranvier. Biology of a Neuron. Neurons are Diverse. Neurons Can be Classified by Morphology. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Neurons
The human brain
Thought experiment• Scientist have discovered that the brain has
about 83 billion neurons.
• How do they know?
General Morphology of a Neuron
Axon Hillock Nodes of
Ranvier
Biology of a Neuron
Neurons are Diverse
Neurons Can be Classified by Morphology
The Axon is a Long Process• Moving a protein from one
end of a (6ft) long sensory neuron to the other would take weeks.
• For faster communication the neuron uses the electronic potential of the cell membrane.
• This electronic transfer allows information to travel 6 feet in about 2/100ths of a second.
Cell membrane
Ion Channels
Voltage gated Ligand gated Leak
Action Potential
Na+
K+
Resting
Threshold
Thought experiment• How can a neuron encode information?
• How can one neuron communicate to an entire brain?
Myelin Sheath
Myelin Sheath Increases the Speed of Action Potential Propagation
Unmyelinated
Myelinated
Synapse
Presynaptic terminal
Synaptic vesicle
Mitochondria
Synaptic Cleft
Postsynaptic boutonNeurotransmitter receptor
Post synaptic potentials
Neurons form neural networks
Neuroglia
Fun fact: Glia outnumber neurons in the brain 3 to 1.