Need Theories

HRMOB 570

Day 3

Needs

Category of things that we want or desire

A deficit causes arousal Arousal is unpleasant Pursue outcomes to reduce discomfort

Rank the following characteristics in order of importance to you (1=most)

Interesting work: _____ Appreciation of work: _____ Being included in decision making: _____ Job Security: _____ Good Wages: _____ Promotion & Growth: _____ Good work conditions: _____ Loyalty to employees: _____ Tactful discipline: _____ Sympathetic help: _____

The Motivational Process (Need Perspective)

UnsatisfiedNeed

Tension

Drives

SearchBehavior

SuccessfulEffort

SatisfiedNeed

Tension Reduction

EnvironmentalChange

Maslow’s Need Hierarchy

Alderfer’s ERG Theory

Existence Relatedness Growth

Maslow & Alderfer Compared

Lower Level Needs Higher Level Needs

Maslow Physiological Safety Social Esteem Actualization

Alderfer Existence Relatedness Growth

McClelland’s Achievement Motivation

Major Motives (Drives)» achievement» affiliation» power

Ideal Manager? Measurement Issues

Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory

One Factor Theory Two Factor Theory

» Hygiene Factors: Pain avoidance» Satisfiers: Growth needs

Examples:» Hygiene factors:

» Motivators:

Implications of Need Theories

Different Strokes for Different Folks Be flexible Offer choice Cafeteria Style Benefits