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Change of climate and environment
Environmentally friendly agriculture
All year round production is possible
Over 80% energy saving
No need to use of chemical fertilizer
reduces use of pesticide and insect control
HORTI LINE LED LIGHT PROCESS TECHNOLOGY
Today, the world is facing a growing food crisis caused by climate change and
industrialization, that will result in decrease of crop harvests. This crisis will get worse
over time. The use of over-dosed chemical fertilizer or pesticides for plants for cultivation
is an outdated technique, so the demands for growth have to be harmless considering
environment and humans.
NECESSITY OF LED LIGHT FOR AGRO GROWING LIGHT
SOLAR RADIATION RANGE.
100
50
0
Ultraviolet Visible rays Infrared rays
LIGHT THAT PLANTS NEED
Solar radiation has various diffusions and absorption is only possible with
wave lengths from 300nm to 3.000nm.
Human eyes perceive 380-780nm wavelengths, and distinguish between
light and color. The light of the green color (555nm) is detected more
sensibly than the other colors.
Spectrum of plants absorption
Radiation effects to plants is physically effect radiation (300-800nm)and photosynthesis effect
radiation (PAR : 400~700nm). Those radiation absorb mid-blue colors and red colors, reflect
green colors (so plants reflect green color seen green)
HOW DO PLANTS GROW WITH LED
RANGE OF EFFECTS A WAVELENGTH HAS ON A PLANT
Wavelength absorption of plant : chlorophyll operation(440nm, 655nm),
Photosynthesis operation (430nm, 670nm)
Detection wavelength of insects : 280nm ~ 580nm
Detection wavelength of fish : 480nm ~ 510nm
OPERATION EFFECTS A WAVELENGTH HAS TO A PLANT:
WAVELENGTH (NM)
ACTIVITY EFFECT
Infrared rays
IR-A
1400~1000
No activity detected on plants at this wavelength. Only heat effect.
780 Stimulate the growth of the plant.
Visable rays
Red
Red-Yellow green -yellow blue
700 Blocks germination (730nm). Photosynthesis operation at 670nm maximum.
660 Chlorophyll operation at 655nm maximum. Germination operation and flower bud formation and leaf distribution (660nm).
610 No benefit on photosynthesis but prevention of harmful insects (580-650nm).
510 Little absorption by yellow pigments (485nm).
430~440 Photosynthesis operation at 430nm maximum. Chlorophyll operation at 440nm maximum. Prevention of harmful insects.
Ultravioled rays
UV-A 400 ~ 315
Leaves of plants can be thickened. Ager promotion operation of pigment. Prevention of harmful insects.
UV-B 280 Operation highly affecting plants processes, like the immunity formation, etc. May be harmful on plants if this wavelength is too intense.
UV-C 100 Operation rapidly drying plants.
BRIGHTNESS OF SUITABLE FOR PLANTS
The unit commonly used is based on human visual senses since most of the lights have been
developed for people. However, photosynthesis is not perceptible for the human sight. For
example, the reception of the blue wavelength (450nm) is 3,8%. If the green wavelength has
the same energy as the blue wavelength, the human sight perceives a wavelength of about 4%.
In order to create efficient light intensity in growing plants, we must agree on a unit based on
the photosynthesis characteristics. PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density)
LIGHT SATURATION POINT AND LIGHT COMPENSATION POINT OF ALL KINDS OF PLANTS:
growing plants light saturation point lx (PPFD) Light compensation point lx (PPFD)
tomato, watermelon 70,000 lx (847) 3,000 lx (36)
cucumber 55,000 lx (665) 2,000 lx (24)
pea 40,000 lx (484) 2,000 lx (24)
lettuce, pepper 25,000 lx (302) 1,500 lx (18)
grape 40,000 lx (484) 400 lx (5)
orange 40,000 lx (484) 200 lx (2.5)
pear 40,000 lx (484) 300 lx (3.6)
peach 40,000 lx (484) 400 lx (5)
fig 40,000 lx (484) 1,000 lx (12)
saintpaulia 5,000 lx (60) 500 lx (6)
archid 10,000 lx (121) 300 lx (3.6)
cyclamen 15,000 lx (181) 300 lx (3.6)
ginseng 12,000 lx (145) 500 lx (6)
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CLASSIC LIGHT AND LED LIGHT TO INFLUENCE PLANTS
ACTIVITIES AND PROCESSES
Even if the artificial Light is as bright as for the human perception (real life simulation), there is
a significant difference observed for plants depending on the lights used. As bright as 10.000 lx
and in the same conditions, the extent of what plants perceive of LED Light for growing is
several times more effective than with a simple light bulb or a fluorescent lamp. Concerning
photosynthesis application, LED Light makes it possible to achieve maximum efficiency by just
using a narrow wavelength. LED Light on plants is therefore a successful and valuable
necessity.
GROW LIGHT PPFD, PRFD:
CATEGORIES OF GROWING PLANTS AND THEIR APPLICATION FORM:
HORTI LINE LED
SECTION OBJECT KIND OF PLANTS PPFD (UMOL M2S1)
Plants factory
Perfect closed form
Stability product lettuce, ginseng etc. 310
Light of the sun + artificial illumination
Stability product lettuce, industrial crop etc.
145
Seeds factory perfect closed form (shelf method)
Mass stability product
Tomato etc. 150
Facilities Horticulture - Greenhouses
Light growing Blooming control
chrysanthemum 0.5~1
strawberries 0.2~0.8
carnation 0.5
Supplemental Light growing
Stability product greens 70
Pansy nursery plant 20
Flower abscission control
Floricultural crop 12
pea 150
coloring cherry, peach, grape 30~250
recuperation grape 2
rose 5
prevention Cucumber nursery plant 25
into ingredient control
spinach 200
Disease prevention Strawberries etc. 150
Inside ornamental plant
Supplemental Light growing
Closed environment Ornamental foliage plant 7~15
artificial lightening Floricultural crop etc. 70
artificial lightening spinach , Floricultural crop Etc.
70
FLOWERING PLANTS: chrysanthemum, rose, carnation, gypsophila, gerbera, lily, orchid, etc
VEGETABLES: tomato, paprika, red pepper, cucumber, spinach, lettuce, leaf of
green, paprika, eggplant green pepper etc
FRUIT VEGETABLE: strawberry, watermelon, melon, pumpkin, fig etc. Fruit : grape,
tangerine etc
SPECIAL CROPS: mushroom, ginseng, moss, codonopsis lancelate etc.
APPLICATION AREA OF LED PLANT GROWTH LIGHT:
LED
PROBLEMS OF CURRENT AGRICULTURE
Environmental problems and shortage of food by global warming?
High energy expense? Energy reduction?
Productivity rise and differentiation? Efficiency maximization?
Product and income decrease annually by climatic change?
SOLUTION BY LED GROW LIGHT
Available product by 247 and unrelated with climatic change
High efficiency low expense (decrease 70% expense, increase 20% income)
Increase agricultural compatibility
LED light system is future agriculture development field for counter plan of climatic change
Agrichemical-free : ability of composing blue ocean by green-marketing
EXAMPLE OF GREEN LEEF PLANT
PRIOR TO HYDROPONIC LETTUCE
GROWING SYSTEM
HYDROPONIC LETTUCE GROWING SYSTEM
HYDROPONIC LETTUCE GROWING SYSTEM FULL GROWN
HYDROPONIC LED GROWING SYSTEM MULTI LAYER WAREHOUSE-
HYDROPONIC LED GROWING SYSTEM MULTI LAYER WAREHOUSE-
HYDOPONIC LED GROW CABINET:
LARGE MULTILAYER LED GROW FACTORY:
40 FT HIGH CUBE LED GROW CONTAINER WITH HYDRO PONIC SYSTEMS:
INTERIOR DESIGN HYDROPONIC SYSTEM WITHIN A 40FT CONTAINER:
LED LIGHTING SYSTEM TESTING AND EVALUATION
goals:
Testing of existing and prototype LED lighting systems
Spectral output
PAR output
Electrical consumption
Overall system efficiency
Development of measurement protocols and guidelines, eventually resulting in
industry standards for LED applications in horticulture
Conducting plant growth experiments
Photoperiod lighting
Photosynthesis lighting
LEDs for Photomorphogenic Lighting
End‐of‐day (EOD) light quality treatment for controlling morphology of ornamental
seedlings
To quantify the minimum EOD R and FR dose (intensity and duration) that influence
internode elongation of ornamental seedlings.
To determine if EOD and/or LED lighting are feasible non‐chemical means to control plant
height of seedlings and/or cuttings?
Using LEDs to Determine Effective Ratios of Red
and Far-Red Light for Photoperiodic Lighting
Primary Objective and Research
Objective
To use LEDs to quantify how the ratio of red (R)
and far-red (FR) light influences flowering and
plant architecture of a wide range of specialty
crops.
RESEARCH IN PROGRESS
Specialty crops are currently being grown in controlled-environment research greenhouses
with 4-h night-interruption lighting emitting seven different R:FR ratios from LEDs, as well
as from incandescent lamps (control).
SPECTRAL ATTRIBUTES OF LED 0.00 TREATMENTS AND INCANDESCENT LAMPS, WITH
PREDICTED PHYTOCHROME PHOTOEQUILIBRIUM (PPE)
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