Nature & Nurture

By :Fatin

Norhamizah

Nurture

• principles of conditioning, including association, imitation, and reinforcement.

Nature• principles of hereditary.

Nurture

Formal· Teachers· Syllabus

Classroom· Systematic· Learning

Nature

Informal· Parents & Society

· Experiences

Environment· Exposure· Acquisition

NATURE NURTURE

What is it?: In the "nature vs nurture" debate, nature refers to an individual's innate qualities (nativism).

In the "nature vs nurture" debate, nurture refers to personal experiences (i.e. empiricism or behaviorism).

Example: Nature is your genes. The physical and personality traits determined by your genes stay the same irrespective of where you were born and raised.

Nurture refers to your childhood, or how you were brought up. Someone could be born with genes to give them a normal height, but be malnourished in childhood, resulting in stunted growth and a failure to develop as expected.

Factors: Biological and family factors

Social and environmental factors

language is innate to humans

Chomsky says that humans are 'programmed' to talk.

Their brains are incredibly large for an animal, yet they still cannot talk. Scientists experimented with a chimp by raising it as a child and attempting to teach it to talk in the same way we do to children, but the experiment failed, proving not even chimps can speak the way humans do.

B. F. Skinner

• language is acquired through principles of conditioning, including association, imitation, and reinforcement.

• children learn words by associating sounds with objects, actions, and events.

Nature Nurture

Anatomy our bodies being slightly more developed than other animals.

humans just copy what others do in their environment

Brain sections in the brain dedicated to language.

the left side of the brain is for language; the back of the brain for understanding speech; the front of the brain for speaking and word retrieval.

Animal’s brains aren't advanced enough to think, just as their brains aren't advanced enough for speech, like ours are.

They communicate their basic needs through either body language or basic sound.

Genes Gene FoxP2, discovered some years ago, was found to control speech and around the mouth area on the face.

IMPORTANCE OF BOTH NATURE AND NURTURE IN LANGUAGE

• Humans do have an innate capacity for acquiring the rules of language.

• Children develop language skills through interaction with others rather than acquire the knowledge automatically.

REFERENCE

• http://daniellawood.hubpages.com/hub/Is-Human-Language-Nature-or-Nurture

• http://www.sparknotes.com/psychology/psych101/languageandcognition/section2.rhtml