nato stratcom coe - catalysing c2 · nato stratcom coe aim and mission ... “aim is to provide a...
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NATO STRATCOM COE
LTC Bernd Soelter
Branch Head Doctrine, Concepts & Experimentation
The role of StratCom in Hybrid Threat Scenarios
NATO StratCom COE aim and mission
WEAKNESS
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“Aim is to provide a tangible contribution to the improvement of the NATO StratCom capabilities”
Mission:• Assist in concept evolution through research and analysis • Enhance education and training• Improve interoperability and capabilities through multi-
disciplinary engagements• Validate concepts through testing
3NATO UNCLASSIFIED releasable to FIN and SWE
To improve NATO StratCom
Cooperating withUniversities & Think Tanks
ContractingExperts
Conducting SME WS & Seminars and conferences
& Own Expertise
NATO definition
The coordinated and appropriate use of NATO communications activities and capabilities – Public Diplomacy, Public Affairs (PA), Military Public Affairs, Information Operations (Info Ops) and Psychological Operations (PSYOPS), as appropriate – in support of the Alliance policies, operations and activities in order to advance NATO's aims.
NAC StratCom policy 29 Sept 2009
Information Environment
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is comprised of the information itself, the individuals, organizations and systems that
receive, process and convey the information, and the cognitive, virtual and physical space
in which this occurs.
You can't not communicate
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Everything you do
communicates!
NATO StratCom
• StratCom, in the context of the NATO military, is the integration of communication capabilities and information staff function [ ] with other military activities, in order to understand and shape the Information Environment (IE), in support of NATO aims and objectives.
MC 0628 NATO MILITARY POLICY ON STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS
Draft 4 (Interim)
May 2017
Using all instruments of national power to
defeat, overcome or coerce an adversary
without
resorting to war.
Hybrid Warfare
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DCDC 2016
• Action or series of actions which is intended to be deliberatly unclear ineither its source, motivation, intent or threat posed, but which aims to destabilise, discredit or otherwise weaken an opponent.
• Includes information warefare, cyber activity, counter intelligence, espionage, economic warefare exploitation of key-dependencies and thesponsorship of proxy-forces.
Element of secracy, deniability and uncertainty
Manipulation of society (and hence the subversion of the state) without the society being conscious of the manipulation.
Characteristics of Hybrid Warfare
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DCDC 2016
“Gerasimov Doctrine”
“In principle, operations of information warfare forcesare equivalent to
operations of gunfire means and forces. They may even prevail at a certain stage.
All these issues were practiced during Caucasus 2016 exercises.”
Gerasimov 14 Sep 2016
Published in VPK-news.ru 05th MAR 2013
Russian National Centre for Defence
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Strategic level Cmd HQHousing Reps from 49 governmental organizations:
- Diplomatic- Economic- Military- Nuclear- Industrial- Legal- Media- Security- Intell- Cyber
Old (?) KGB Long Term View
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Soviet long term view on influence activities, four phases:
Source: Yuri Bezmenov(AKA Tomas Schuman)
Russophobe or legitimately concerned
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We, the Heads of State and Government of the North Atlantic Alliance, stand united in our resolve to
maintain and further develop our individual and collective capacity to resist any form of armed attack. In this context, we are today making a commitment to
continue to enhance our resilience against the full spectrum of threats, including hybrid threats, from
any direction.
WARSAW SUMMIT
• Understand!!
What can StratCom do?
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Understand the Narrative
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Top Ten Techniques
• Moral superiority
• Experts (useful idiots)
• Use of authority
• Important placement/length of report/repitition
• Selective reporting (leaves out pieces)
• Testimony / the ‘’common’’ man
• Simplification & Falsification
• Statistics
• Humor
• Trolling
Trolling
• Savushkina 55, St Peterburg
1. Conspiracy troll, blame USA
2. Aggressive troll
3. Wikipedia troll
4. Attachment troll
5. Bikini troll
6. Robotic troll
Main conclusions: -Russian trolling is identifiable - around 3% trolled web comments;-Focus on political news (Ukraine, EU, USA)
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TV
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Fake News
«In reality German chancellor simply
acknowledged that the issue of Crimea was not
part of the Minsk Agreement
NATO UNCLASSIFIED
Fake News
«Testimonies» & «Experts»
Use of actresses
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Russian TV actress Halina Pyshniakpreviously played the witness of the «crucified boy» and the victim of another Volnovahashooting. In Donetsk she was acting as a saleswoman from the local store.
«Nazi-Narrative»
«Nazi-Narrative»
«Humour»
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Reflexive control
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Ambiguity of Messaging
Words and Deeds
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Energy Security
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Passportisation
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“Polite people” campaign
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Russia's first monument honouring the "polite people" behind 2014 armed annexation of Crimea has been erected in the far eastern city of Belogorsk 06 May 2015
Humanitarian Aid
"The Kremlin's Trojan horses"
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Russia's policy of undermining Europe and the whole West via challenging liberal democracy and promoting nationalist, populist and extremist political movements in the EU as a whole and in its key nations in particular - France, Germany and The UK.
Published NAC NOV 16
BY ALINA POLYAKOVA, MARLENE LARUELLE, STEFAN MEISTER, AND NEIL BARNETT
What can StratCom do?
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Act!
Effective strategic communications to dispel false information, propaganda, lies and myths is also an essential part of coping with hybrid attacks that seek to confuse public opinion, aggravate social tensions and undermine trust in governments.
NATO Review / Resilience: a core element of collective defence
Enhanced Forward Presence
Exploiting opportunities
Fakenews
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German soldiers accused to have raped an underage girl in Jonava, Lithuania mid-February. The story was planted through an e-mail to the Speaker of the Lithuanian Parliament.
Later, a public blog post was created.
The blog suggested that the “news” about the rape had been deliberately suppressed as a “conspiracy against the people,” and printed screenshots from media that had published the fake story.
The blog “auraspress.wordpress.com” seems to have been created just for this post. As of March 31, there were no other posts on the blog.
SoMe-Mobbing / Trolling
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NATO in Lithuania – new jobs for inhabitants
NATO will help Lithuania
NATO BG in the BalticsFollowing the traces of Wehrmacht
Lithuania be happy
Nazi NATO is coming to save you from Russia
Memes
How to communicate?
• Consistent and Coherent
• Accurate and Timely
• Credible
• Narrative Led
• Leadership Driven
• Fully Integrated
• Empowering
• Engagement
The NAC and Secretary General are in charge of the overall direction of communications and public diplomacy programmes for both the civilian and military sides of the Alliance.
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Narrative led operations
Mil Actions, Engagements, Information activities
Communication & Information activities
Communication & Diplomatic activities
Coherent communication through:
Engagements, Communication &Information activities
NATO StratCom
• Public Diplomacy: NATO civilian communications and outreach efforts, responsible for promoting awareness of and building understanding and support for NATO's policies, operations and activities, in complement to the national efforts of Allies.
• Public Affairs: NATO civilian engagement through the media to inform the public of NATO policies, operations and activities in a timely, accurate, responsive, and proactive manner.
Communication & Diplomatic activities
• Assistant Secretary General for Public Diplomacy: responsible for guiding the Alliance’s public diplomacy strategies, and overseeing their implementation in member nations and partner countries.
• NATO Spokesperson: providing strategic advice to the NATO Secretary General, the North Atlantic Council, commands and NATO offices on press, media and social media.
StratCom, InfoOps & Communication capabilities deliniation
IACB
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Diplomaticactivities
Economic activities
Mediaactivities
Social, cultureactivities
Covert &SOF
Conventional forces
NATO StratCom capabilities
Situational awareness – estimate of effects on perceptions
Shape the environment-Inform & influence
Coordinate Info Activities with agencies/partners
Integrate communication capabilities with other military
activities
diplomatic activities military activities
EU, OSCE, GO, NGOPD, PA Press & Media, PA, PSYOPS
Information ActivitiesInfo Ops
‘Words and Deeds’
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Government
President
Parlament
STATE SECURITY AGENCIES
INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES
Recognize, Show and explain
Do you agree that Russian Federation conducting intentionally informational activities in order to influence the
mind of Lithuanian population?
Increased awareness in Population
Taip – YES
Ne – NO
NN – No opinion
Challenges
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Selective Perception
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Reciprocity of Perspectives
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Plato, The Allegory of the Cave
Finding the Balance
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Freedom of
Speech
Censor-ship
Infor-mation
Indoctri-nation
Outreach
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