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National workshop on “Peer Learning for Swachh Bharat”

30th December 2016

Hotel Radisson Blu, Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab

Under the Urban Water and Sanitation for Health (Urban WASH Alliance)

Prepared by

Urban Management Centre, Ahmedabad, India

National Workshop on Peer to Peer Learning

Urban Management Centre; www.umcasia.org 2

Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab (ASAL) The Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab (ASAL) is a three year action research (2014-2017) for implementing innovative solutions to school sanitation and sanitation problems in slums and slum-like settlements of Ahmedabad, in coordination with the government, NGOs and corporate partners. ASAL is led by the Urban Management Centre (UMC) in partnership with Government of Gujarat (GoG) and the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC). The program is supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). ASAL's resource partners include Sintex Industries Ltd. (Sintex) and its associate partners include Mahila Housing Trust (MHT), MICA and Theatre Media Centre (TMC). The program will provide technical assistance to the AMC for strengthening community engagement, improving operational and management processes for provision of water-sanitation services, and designing a targeted behavior change communication campaign.

Urban Management Centre The Urban Management Centre (UMC) is a women promoted not-for-profit organization, that works towards professionalizing urban management in India and worldwide. UMC provides technical assistance and support to city governments and facilitates change through peer-to-peer learning processes. It enhances the capacity of city governments by providing expertise and ready access to innovations on good governance implemented in India and abroad. It facilitates city governments to design, implement and evaluate municipal development and management projects. UMC extensively works in the areas of urban water and sanitation, heritage management, urban planning, urban health, municipal finance, urban management, urban transportation and institutional restructuring.

More details on www.umcasia.org



National workshop on “Peer Learning for Swachh Bharat” 30th December 2016

Hotel Radisson Blu, Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab Under the Urban Water and Sanitation for Health (Urban WASH Alliance)

Contact Details: Manvita Baradi, Director, UMC A-202 GCP Business Centre Opp. Navrangpura Fire Station, Near Vijay Cross Roads Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 Email: [email protected] T:+91 79 27546403/1599 www.umcasia.org/asal

mailto:[email protected]



Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 7

Inaugural Session.......................................................................................................................... 8

Welcome address & Experience sharing ......................................................................................... 8

Key note address .......................................................................................................................... 9

Overview of Swachh Bharat Mission, Govt. of India activities: ....................................................... 10

Deliverables by Experts/Speakers ................................................................................................ 11

1. Sanitation Improvements and formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection

system-Mr. Suresh Jagtap, Joint. Commissioner, Pune Municipal Corporation, Maharashtra... 11

2. Formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection system-Dr. (Ms.) Ketaki Ghatge,

Assistant MOH, Pune Municipal Corporation, Maharashtra .................................................. 12

3. Formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection system-Ms. Mangal Pagare, Chief

Executive Officer, SWaCH, Pune, Maharashtra ..................................................................... 13

4. Setting up of a Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant, Mr. Amresh Sinha, CDD Bangalore ................... 13

Processing of waste by bulk generators, .............................................................................. 14

5. Mr. Mainak Chakrabarty, Executive Director & Co-CEO, GPS Renewables, Bangalore.............. 14

6. Processing of waste by bulk generators, Mr. Amrut Rathod, Marketing executive, Excel

Industries Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat .............................................................................. 16

Dumpsite Remediation: ...................................................................................................... 16

7. Ms. Raagini Jain, President, Geetanjali Environment Improvement Society, Mumbai,

Maharashtra ...................................................................................................................... 16

Reuse of Plastics in Road Construction, ................................................................................ 17

8. Mr. Ahmed Khan and Mr. Kiran Kumar – KK Plastics, Bangalore, Karnataka ............................ 17

Convincing households to segregate waste at source,........................................................... 17

9. Ms. Pooja Pahade and colleagues, CRT, Aurangabad, Maharashtra........................................ 17

Convincing households to segregate waste at source,........................................................... 18

10. Ms. Malini Parmar, 2 bin one bag, Bangalore, Karnataka....................................................... 18

11. Levying Fines, Dr. I.K,Khatri ,MOH, Surat Municipal Corporation ........................................... 20

Queries from participants regarding Swachh Survekshan-2017...................................................... 21

Group discussion ........................................................................................................................ 23

Visit to Kankaria Carnival............................................................................................................. 25

Annexures .................................................................................................................................. 26

Annexure I- National Workshop agenda...................................................................................... 26

Annexure II-Letter to cities from SBM-U Gujarat PMU cell, Govt. of Gujarat.................................. 28

Annexure III- Letter to speakers/expert from SBM-U Gujarat PMU cell, Govt. of Gujarat ............... 29



Annexure IV- Short CV of speakers/experts ................................................................................. 30

Annexure V - List of participants ................................................................................................. 32



Introduction The Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab (ASAL) is a three year (2014-2017) action research project for implementing innovative solutions to school sanitation and sanitation problems in slums and slum-like settlements of Ahmedabad, in coordination with the Government, NGOs and corporate partners. ASAL is led by the Urban Management Centre (UMC) in partnership with Government of Gujarat (GoG) and the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC).The program is supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Under the ASAL project, a national workshop has been envisaged that provides

technical assistance and support to city governments and

facilitates change through peer-to-peer learning processes as well as

to enhance the capacity of city governments by providing expertise and ready access to innovations on good governance implemented in India.

In this context, a one day workshop for 8 Municipal Corporations and 23 Class A Municipalities of Gujarat (31 cities in all) was organized at Ahmedabad, Gujarat on December 30th, 2016. These 31 cities are cities under the Swachh Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission) as well as the AMRUT Mission. The workshop was organised in association with the Swachh Bharat Mission, MoUD, GOI, New Delhi; Swachh Bharat Mission, UDHD Dept., Govt. of Gujarat and with support from USAID and City Managers’ Association of Gujarat (CMAG) as the Gujarat WASH Alliance partner. The main objective of the workshop was to facilitate co-learning and discussion on “nuts and bolts” of best practices from various cities of India with Gujarat cities. Eminent speakers and experts from different cities of India took part in this workshop. A brief report of the workshop is produced below. (The detailed agenda of the workshop and the speakers and experts who participated is also annexed herewith as Annexure 1). The City Managers Association of Gujarat, (CMAG) also participated and formally launched the Gujarat WASH Alliance on this occasion. This workshop was also aligned with city to city exchanges that were envisaged under the ASAL program. There were officials invited from cities of Pune, Bhubaneshwar, Mysore, other cities from MP and Rajasthan as well. However, due to upcoming Swachh Survekshan preparations, city managers from Bhubaneswar and Mysore could not attend.



Inaugural Session Workshop Overview by Ms. Manvita Baradi, Director UMC

(Manvita has over 25 years of technical

experience in developing and

administering programs to local

governments in the areas of service

delivery, local governance, urban

planning, heritage management, citizen

participation, capacity building of local

government associations, development of

urban indicators and performance

measurement and international

development).

Manvita stated that MoUD has given all cities and their managers a huge responsibility in the Swacch

Bharat Mission. Now in the upcoming Swachta Survekshan Survey 2017 where more than 500 cities

are participating, as against only 75 cities earlier, the challenge to excel is much larger. The questions

and issues of this survey are well known and every city has been given adequate time to prepare for

this.

She stated that although the concept of cleanliness is not new and every city has strived to keep

their city clean, this is the time of testing the achievements of each city and this stage is therefore

crucial. She noted with happiness that at the workshop we have we have participants from city

governments as well as private sectors.

She expressed her gratefulness to all who accepted the invitation to participate in this national

workshop and have come in such a large number. She urged the partcipants to maintain a

continuous dialogue amongst themselves and the experts and learn from each other how we

succeeded, what we missed and how we can perform better.

In conclusion, she stated, “This is a peer leaning session. We need to exchange ideas and knowledge

and excel. This mission is aimed at the benefit of all citizens.”

Welcome address & Experience sharing

Mr. C R Kharsan IAS, Dy. Municipal Commissioner, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation,

Gujarat

Mr. Kharshan welcomed all the participants in

the workshop. He explained the purpose

organising the workshop to all- “discussion,

sharing and learning from the best practices that

have been implemented by different cities

within and outside of Gujarat, as per the SBM

guidelines and ways to adopt them”



Further he talked about the successful implementation of solid waste management especially

segregation of waste and PPP model. He also urged participants to visit the plant and also to

processing unit for conversion of C&D waste to manhole covers and paver blocks.

He also raised his concern about the problem of waste processing in Ahmedabad and mentioned a

few waste to energy projects that the city of Ahmedabad has initiated. He concluded his address

with very important aspects of solid waste management, i.e., segregation of waste at source to

reduce the dumping of waste at dump sites and which would also make convenient for recycling of

waste as well.

Mr. Manoj Kothari IAS, Municipal Commissioner, Bhavnagar (BMC), Gujarat

Mr. Kothari talked about the cleanliness drive

taken up by the Bhavnagar Municipal

Corporation two years back. He pointed out that

the BMC has several tough challenges such as

providing equitable services to the growing slum

population. He mentioned that the old

Bhavnagar city has better drainage system as

compared to new Bhavnagar city. The BMC is

planning to equip new Bhavnagar city with

better facilities and services. He also shared the efforts of BMC for cleaning the river Kansara that

flows through the city by setting up a sewage treatment plant and using the treated water to be

released in the river.

Secondly, for waste to energy, BMC has recently entered into a MOU with a private company which

will treat a minimum of 300 metric tons of municipal solid waste per day. However, he mentioned

that segregation at source is still a challenge for the city.

He also suggested that collective efforts will certainly improve the living condition of city. He said,

“We have several questions plaguing our mind and I am hoping to find answers to them all, today.”

He welcomed the guest and speakers and expected good learning out of the workshop.

Key note address

Mr. Praveen K. Solanki IAS, Mission Director, Swacch Bharat Mission (SBM), Gujarat

Mr. Solanki started his address with praising

Hon’ble Prime Minister of India for initiating

Swachh Bharat Mission- Urban. He said that

Gujarat is considered to be pioneer State for this

initiative at state level prior to its becoming an

All-India Mission. Hence it becomes very crucial

for all 31 cities of Gujarat contesting for top

ranking in Swachh Survekshan 2017 (SS-2017).

He suggested all participants of the cities to



work harder to score high in the Swachh Survekshan ranking. He thanked UMC for having the

workshop at such a crucial juncture when cities need guidance and motivation to improve their

performance. He urged for active participation in the workshop and requested every participant to

keep every session interactive and seek answers to all the queries.

He concluded his address by thanking UMC and all experts and said, “This workshop is very different

from the rest because today we are going to learn about a lot of cutting edge aspects, best practices

of other cities so as on to keep our scoring on points and highlight our hard work.”

Overview of Swachh Bharat Mission, Govt. of India activities:

Ms. Faustina Gomez, Project Management Unit, SBM, MoUD, Govt. of India

Ms. Faustina Gomez, representing MoUD,

Govt. of India, extended thanks to the

Government of Gujarat and UMC for the

invitation. She made a detailed

presentation on the Swachh Survekshan

2017 and she discussed all the aspects to

be examined under the same. She

requested all the participants to discuss any

query pertaining to SS-2017.

She also discussed the administrative support required from cities at the time of the Survekshan. For

instance, notification by the ULB for door to door collection covering both residential and

commercial areas along with a declaration from the Commissioner/Chairperson of the ULB

appointment of a nodal officer for facilitation etc. The comprehensive ‘clean city’ campaigns will be

beneficial to score high. A special campaign on citizen “six questions” would reflect in the citizen

feedbacks. She pointed out that there is a “minus marking” system. So avoid provide misleading or

unauthentic data to the observers.”

She attended several queries of participants and also took down queries which required consultation

with the MoUD, Govt. of India.



Deliverables by Experts/Speakers

1. Sanitation Improvements and formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection

system-Mr. Suresh Jagtap, Joint. Commissioner, Pune Municipal Corporation,

Maharashtra

Mr. Jagtap has spent more than 30

years in Pune City Administration. He

had been one of the founder

members of PMC-Swachh model

which integrated informal sector in

municipal waste management. He

has worked as chief coordinating

officer in preparation of City

Sanitation of Pune City in the year

2011-12.

Mr. Jagtap, an enthusiastic participant of the workshop from Pune Municipal Corporation spoke

about the vision he and his team hold for Pune.

He began his presentation talking about the strategy adopted by Swachh Maharashtra Mission

(Urban)-envisaging ODF Communities moving towards ODF+ and ODF++ Communities” by

addressing entire service chain of sanitation and not focusing only on number of toilets constructed

in the cities.

He elaborated the PMC model of multifaceted approach for improving city Sanitation by meeting the

demand of toilet and abridged the gap in a small span of time. The individual Household toilet target

(32500) to be constructed through PPP model, community toilet seats (5000) through NGOs like

SHWASS and SMAGRA and Demolition and Reconstruction Project, Public toilet seat (669) through

whereas school toilets seats (985) constructed in partnership with Corporates. The PMC has

constructed more than 33000 individual household toilets.

For a close monitoring and faster communication on update of the progress in toilet construction, an

official “whatsapp” group is created. PMC has also implemented the “Swachhta Mitras”- volunteers’

citizen may provide information and feedback to PMC. He further explained about the Shelter

Sanitation Model, Sanitation mapping to identify gaps etc.

He said that dry and wet garbage is being segregated at ward levels; processing plants have been set

up and new ones are also coming up. He also highlighted the significance of involving the public in

ensuring long term replication of the practice. Mr. Jagtap was very keen on the involvement of

women in this cleanliness drive and spoke about PMC’s initiatives at involving the female force in

this movement.

“Pune is the 8th largest city in India and the 2nd largest in the state of Maharashtra. The story of

SWaCH, India’s first wholly-owned cooperative of self-employed waste pickers and other urban

poor, is remarkable as it shows how a poor, marginalised, historically oppressed but determined

group (largely women) scripted their own exit from the rubbish heaps and created better futures for



themselves and their families. It establishes without doubt not just the role, significance and

contribution of the informal sector, but also how little it takes to 'formalise' it and significantly

upgrade work to make it 'decent‘.

So far 2800 members are engaged in door step collection of waste in Pune covering 5.5 Lakh

Households. Our plan is to integrate up to 6000 members. We have made 33,000 toilets so far. We

have created a “whatsapp” group to keep an hourly check on the process of toilet construction

happening within our city. We have implemented the ‘Swacchta Mitras’ – volunteer citizens who

provide information and feedback to PMC.

70% women work in this Kothi model. We cover 400-500 households in each Kothi.Each waste picker

earns Rs.7k to 12k per month. We are indirectly picking cost from citizen’s pocket which results in

reduction of our overall administration costs.Citizens should provide segregated waste. Waste-

pickers should refuse mixed waste from citizens.

We follow the four “R” (REDUCE - REUSE – RECYCLE – RECOVER) model. We have given small buckets

to slums and society areas were given big 100 ml buckets. Separate buckets were given for wet and

dry waste. Only 15-20% is good waste and goes for recycling.Remaining is transported to RDF.”

2. Formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection system-Dr. (Ms.) Ketaki

Ghatge, Assistant MOH, Pune Municipal Corporation, Maharashtra

She has devoted her time to work on

development and planning issues,

including solid waste management,

natural resource management,

energy conservation and sanitation.

During the past year she has

dedicated herself to the design and

implementation of the Zero Garbage

Ward in Pune City, SHWAAS and has

undertaken various initiatives in

Swachh Bharat Mission.

Dr. Ghatge talked about the SWaCH model and how it provides front end waste management

services to citizens of Pune. She spoke about the scope of SWaCH which includes collection of

resource recovery, trade and waste processing and provides livelihood to recycling industry. She

highlighted the fact that this community-led toilet sanitation project involves public participation for

its effective management. The citizens are given monthly passes for use and incentives are given to

promote its use while a local is appointed to maintain the toilet.



3. Formalising waste pickers in the city’s waste collection system-Ms. Mangal Pagare,

Chief Executive Officer, SWaCH, Pune, Maharashtra

Mangal Pagare is one of the senior

most staff members within the

organization and has been working

with SWaCH for the past eight

years now. She has worked with

women’s issues for the past many

years. She has been actively

involved in the development

forums and has extensive

experience in organizing

workshops and programs on social

issues in rural and urban areas in Maharashtra.

Ms. Pagare talked about the nature of SWACH initiative and that it is a self-sustaining model and

relies on public involvement. She also referred to the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan launched by the

Prime Minister of India, which also aims to focus on cleanliness with public participation, and how it

would benefit from contribution by the SWACH model in Pune.

“Our way forward is seeking more citizens’ support for and participation in, for example, waste

segregation in order to make the work ‘cleaner’ for the waste collector. Also in seeking ways of

achieving more financial sustainability to reduce burden on PMC. Real Time monitoring mechanism

to improve service delivery, developing innovative models to improve slum coverage – e.g. sliding

scale model, mixed pockets and allied services.”

4. Setting up of a Fecal Sludge Treatment Plant, Mr. Amresh Sinha, CDD Bangalore

The Consortium for

DEWATS Dissemination (CDD)

Society is a non-governmental

organization, started in 2002 and

registered formally as not for

profit society in 2005. The

consortium was formed with an

agenda to find solutions to the

existing sanitation challenges in

India. This fulfills the aim of

reducing the environmental

burden due to pollution as a result of poor sanitation.

The consortium advocated the use of natural, biological treatment using a set of anaerobic and

aerobic treatment technologies. The unique feature of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems

(DEWATS™) was that it mimicked nature without the intervention of chemicals and mechanical

elements.



Inadequate understanding on sustainable technological options for waste water treatment and the

existing ground reality to cater such problems was addressed by Mr. Sinha. He advocated that

mechanized systems cannot entirely solve the problem of untreated sewage but the use of natural,

biological treatment using a set of anaerobic and aerobic treatment technologies can treat waste

water.

He then made a detailed presentation on Case study of faecal sludge treatment plant set up at

Devanahalli, a small town on the fringes of Bengaluru. The Devanahalli Town is located 39 km to the

North-East of Bangalore with a population of 35000.

Followings are the objective of the case study:

Establish an independent faecal sludge treatment plant as pilot,

Ensure good O&M of sanitation infrastructure which leads to reduction in risks to public

health and environment,

Treat the septage to prescribed reuse standards, and

To produce hygienic and safe by-products for reuse.

The project was implemented with financial support of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The

FSM system includes creation of a robust database of on-site sanitation systems, ensuring safe and

mechanised emptying services and setting up a system which could also be sustained.

The FST plant is currently operated by an operator who has finished schools only till the tenth grade,

which emphasizes the non-technical and simple procedure for maintaining the plant. The entire

plant is housed in a small piece of land of only 550 sq. Meters. Also most of the treatment

components of the plant are below the ground, and hence the ground space can be used as a

parking space as well. He also emphasised that just building infrastructure is not enough and there

should be mechanisms to ensure sustainability of such initiatives.

5. Processing of waste by bulk generators, Mr. Mainak Chakrabarty, Executive Director

& Co-CEO, GPS Renewables, Bangalore

Mr. Chakrabarty pointed out that biogas in India has been traditionally based on dairy manure as

feedstock and these “gobar” gas plants have been in operation for a long period of time, especially

in rural India. In the last 2-3 decades, research organisations with a focus on rural energy security

have enhanced the design of the systems resulting in newer efficient low cost designs such as the

“Deenbandhu” model.

He said that LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is a key source of cooking fuel in urban India and its price

has been increasing along with the global fuel prices and this has become a financial burden

renewing the focus on biogas as a cooking fuel alternative in urban establishments. He point out that

this has led to the development of prefabricated digesters for modular deployments as compared to

Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) and cement structures which take a longer duration to construct.

He was very positive on the enhanced stature of biogas in India as a potential alternative to LPG as

primary cooking fuel.



“GPS” is an AD (anaerobic

digestion) technology firm

based out of Bangalore, India. It

was founded in 2012. What we

use here is made-in-India

technology, built using support

from DST (Technovate

programme) and BIRAC

(Biotech Ignition Grant, Dept. of

Biotechnology).

These plants have digestive issues like the human body. So it needs to be taken care of at the right

time before it becomes something serious. He mentioned that there is a need to set up such small

scale units in every campus of bulk generators.

He explained in detail about their DIStributed PREDigestion (DISPRED) model. He mentioned that

this plant could be set up in a small area in the basement of the building as well. DISPRED is GPS’

proprietary model for treating large volumes of organic feedstock. Its key principles are:

• 100% decentralized model – raw input handling at source • Avoids aggregation of mixed input – this ensures post segregation efforts are

minimized • Application focus: Piped gas for thermal needs – maximum Return on Investment

(RoI)

The pre digester is a compact equipment that processes 10-100 TPD and converts it into a stable

(proprietary) digestate, that doesn’t release any biogas. The GGU (Gas Generation Unit) is a second

stage AD (based on Bio Urja design) that can process the PD digestate and generate biogas. The PD

digestate can then be easily transported in tankers, without creating a mess. So, the GGU can be

housed anywhere, where there is need for large volumes of LPG/PNG.

He then elaborated how the model could work for Gujarat cities. The proposed bioenergy model for

Gujarat will be based on GPS’ proprietary DISPRED model anaerobic digestion. The DISPRED model

will encompass all available sources of organic feedstock, viz., urban organic waste, cow manure,

poultry manure, and agricultural residues. This model will be a 100% decentralized model, and based

on a BOO (Build Own Operate) framework.

Biogas has huge potential but it hasn’t delivered up to it till now. It is only through SBM that the

issue of waste segregation is being addressed. The more waste at source is mixed up; the tougher it

is to manage and process. The plant is extremely compact and can be housed in less than 6 square

meters.



6. Processing of waste by bulk generators, Mr. Amrut Rathod, Marketing executive, Excel

Industries Limited, Ahmedabad, Gujarat

Mr. Rathod talked about

“the sustainable approach

towards ZERO-Waste for

municipalities”. He

suggested that the de-

centralized SWM plan is the

practical solution to

sustainable waste

management.He shared a

short documentary film

describing technology

available for SWM. He

further cited several cities that are moving in the right direction like:

1. Bangalore – Mandatory Segregation by the ULB and State Pollution Control Board’s consent to dispose compost in farms.

2. Pune – Its target to achieve at least10% of the total MSW using de-centralized MSW Management.

3. Panjim – Its initiative towards Zero Landfilling and Pollution Control Board’s date for at-source treatment to hotels.

4. Trissur – Set up Multiple de-centralized waste treatment plants. 5. Thiruvananthapuram – City Corporation installed 20 de-centralized MSW plants across the

city. 6. Gandhinagar – Installed and is successfully operating a 400 kg per day Organic Waste

treatment plant. Further he talked about use of Organic Waste Convertor (OWC) as decentralized solution for wet

waste treatment. This is a viable solution for a small society where the organic waste generation is

100 kg (approx.). The OWC converts the organic waste to raw in 15 minutes and after 10 days curing

of raw compost, it is ready to use in fields.

7. Dumpsite Remediation: Ms. Raagini Jain, President, Geetanjali Environment

Improvement Society, Mumbai, Maharashtra

She is a well-recognized waste

expert and has been in this field

since 2000.She has also helped

in clearing Nagpur’s waste site.

Ms. Jain spoke about the

enormous benefits of using the

‘windrow system’ for waste

management. She explained

how windrow composting is the

production of compost by piling

organic matter or



biodegradable waste, such as animal manure and crop residues, in long rows (windrows). She

mentioned how by simply converting the waste dumps into windrows facilitated faster

decomposition and conversion to organic matter.

“With our active participation, so far we have managed to stabilize over 12-13 lakh tons waste in a

span of 2 months. In the city of Durg, waste was being dumped since 2000. They called me in to help

them out from this crisis of waste management and disposal. In a matter of 5 days, I implemented

the “windrows system” and gave their entire area a major facelift. This same system should be

implemented by municipalities across the country.”

8. Reuse of Plastics in Road Construction, Mr. Ahmed Khan and Mr. Kiran Kumar – KK

Plastics, Bangalore, Karnataka

Mr. Khan spoke at length about

the reuse of plastic waste in

asphalting of roads. He stressed on

the fact that every day India

produces 1,23,000 tonnes of

waste, out of which about 2000

tonnes is plastic. If all that plastic is

used properly, the plastic waste

problem can be solved. He

mentioned that they have been

able to reuse plastics in 6000 km

lanes the State of Karnataka.

Plastic holds on to the bitumen which is very crucial during monsoon and this is the ‘system’ they

use in building plastic roads.

He emphasises that urban local bodies need to have complicated systems and mechanisms in order

to reuse plastic in roads. There is no difference in the contract - same materials, are used, only

shredded plastic up to a maximum of 8% of bitumen will be added. He walked the participants

through the several advantages of setting up such systems.

9. Convincing households to segregate waste at source, Ms. Pooja Pahade and

colleagues, CRT, Aurangabad, Maharashtra

The Civic Response Team (CRT)

talked about implementation of

appropriate solutions to civic and

environmental challenges. The CRT

members also stressed upon the

phenomenal public movement

they have kick started for

sustainable, equitable and efficient

SWM practices in Aurangabad city.



Team also discussed about the extensive citizen awareness program conducted by CRT in city. The

target is to regularize the collection and hence reduce the waste coming to dumping site so that the

dirty point could be reclaimed by the society through different innovative interventions.

“I would like to thank UMC and SBM for creating this mission and for giving us this platform. CRT is a

social firm that partners with Government as well as private organisations and provides solutions to

SWM challenges. We currently work as Knowledge partners with Aurangabad Municipal

Corporation.

We carry out extensive programs for citizen awareness. Door to door awareness including corner

meetings, roadshows, plays, songs, dance – Charlie, meetings for apartment areas, committee

meetings for commercial areas, removing dumping spots and reclamation of the area by wall

painting, rangoli, events, awareness in schools, rallies, thematic drives, events and we even make

use of media.

Once collection is regularized and the waste stops coming at a dumping point AMC along with CRT

and local residents reclaim the once-dirty point through innovative means like tree plantation,

rangoli drawing, wall painting, creating water stations for birds and animals.

The CRT team emphasized that the first step is to ensure that segregated waste collection and

transportation happens across the value chain and then the last step is to urge citizens to segregate

waste. The team also emphasized the need for detailed micro planning exercise at the city level and

work closely with the city’s sanitation teams.

10. Convincing households to segregate waste at source, Ms. Malini Parmar, 2 bin

one bag, Bangalore, Karnataka

She has Global IT work experience

in more than 25 countries. She

has been volunteering for

responsible waste management

since 2011.

She is part of SWMRT, 2bin1bag

campaign (segregation at source)

and Bangalore Eco Team - citizen

plastic ban campaign across the

city, Swachagraha - to get 10

lakh Bangaloreans to start a

green spot and most importantly for this group, a Cupspert - a team that promotes sustainable

menstruation.

Ms. Parmar emphasised upon segregation of waste at source categorised as - Biodegradable wet

waste, Dry waste and Hazardous waste. She spoke about the scenario of Bangaluru city, imposed

ban on the use of plastic bags. Each household, she said has two bins - one red and one green, in

addition to a bag, made of some recyclable material, for the dry waste. This makes it easier for

garbage collectors to keep the waste separate and transport it to the final destination.



She emphasized that citizen’s awareness program is inevitable for waste segregation. She decribed

the system adopted for people who were not segregating waste at source. She also advocated

imposing fines for poor waste disposal.

She talked about her journey of waste segregation at source starting from her own place. She added

an additional bag for dry waste collection and initiated door to door citizen awareness campaign for

appropriate disposal of waste and avoiding of use of plastic lining for waste collection.

At the end she said that the survey suggest that 70% citizens is ready to segregate waste at source

however, only lacking is of adequate knowledge and awareness amongst them.”

“Almitra Patel’s landmark 1996 PIL in the Supreme Court against open dumping of municipal solid

waste was instrumental in the drafting of the Municipal Solid Waste Management Rules. Instead of

demanding that it not be dumped in her backyard, Almitra set out to find a solution for hygienic

municipal solid waste management, and found that most of the 80 Indian cities she visited in 1994-

1995, had nowhere to dump their waste except in the outskirts of the city or approach roads.

I believe that though there has been a huge leap in the awareness levels of both officials and

citizens, when good cost effective ideas exist, civic bodies must go ahead and start implementing

them. This particular movement has emerged as a citizen movement. It is a very low cost effort.

Residents need to see the advantages of keeping their garbage unmixed. When a large housing

colony sees that the compost they generate is going for their gardens, they will be motivated. Very

minimal time is needed – just spend 5 minutes and Rs. 100 to maintain your surroundings. Twobin.in

is a website we have created to spread awareness to all because you need to understand the

problem first – how are you getting the garbage and then learn how to dispose or process it

effectively.

I started in 2012, from my building because you must begin at home. We chose separate disposal

bags/bins for waste- dry, liquid and hazardous waste. We have especially chosen large bags for some

kind of dry waste – because for example pizza boxes cannot fit in to the traditional dustbins and

hence such bags are very helpful. There is a dire need to train citizens and to make them aware

about the need for appropriate disposal of waste. Hence we conducted door to door awareness

campaigns along with a kit. This kit is compulsory. This kit is for Rs.100 only. We wanted uniformity

so that the municipality worker cannot identify the bags otherwise. No plastic lining is allowed in the

bins because once the plastic bag is tied up, the segregation level drops from 80% to 30%.

Citizens need to be made aware of how and where the waste needs to be segregated. We even

implemented a fine system for people who were not segregating waste at source. Just like road fines

are imposed, similarly, fines for poor waste disposal are a must. Feedback loops are a crucial

element too.We even ensured some pamphlets were printed for awareness of citizens. A while ago,

some advisors had come from Germany; they told me that close to 40% waste in their residential

and commercial areas gets segregated. I am proud to say that in Bangalore, we have 85 – 90% waste

segregation at source.



11. Levying Fines, Dr. I.K,Khatri ,MOH, Surat Municipal Corporation

Dr. I.K.Khatri made a presentation

about the crucial role of fines in

discouraging people from littering. He

was of the opinion that people are

not going to follow the rules simply

with the awareness programmes and

that they need to be penalised for

their uncivilized behaviour. He

discussed how health officers in Surat

have been punishing the offender

caught defecating or littering on

roads by levying appropriate fines for

defecating in the open. He went on to say that the new penalty structure proposed by the health

department is expected to bring more awareness about civic sense among the people.

“Today I am going to talk about the concept of - levying of administrative charges for improved solid

waste management and efficient management of municipal solid waste.

After the plague in 1994 and the clean-up operation that followed in 1995, the diamond city earned

the distinction of being one of the cleanest cities in India. A resolution was passed in 1996 for

collecting fine from those littering or peeing in the public. The fine was fixed at Rs 100 to Rs 1,000

for each offence.

I am proud to say that Surat Municipal Corporation has been declared “Open Defecation Free City on

15th July 2016 by Honorable Chief Minister of Gujarat Ms. Anandi ben Patel. This makes Surat

Municipal Corporation first Corporation in Gujarat as well as western region to achieve Open

Defecation Free status.

SMC has prepared public health bye‐laws under Section‐458 which cover solid waste management,

liquid waste management, air and noise pollution and other sanitation and public health aspects like

food sanitation, community and public toilets, open defecation, manual scavenging, water and

vector borne diseases etc. Approval of Government of Gujarat is awaited . Surat will implement

them after suggested changes if any.

We decided to levy fees on our residents because this works as a negative reinforcement on them to

not spread litter and make our beautiful city dirty. We are in the process of forming some positive

acknowledgements for those who fare well in their duty towards upkeep of our city too!”



Queries from participants regarding Swachh Survekshan-2017

Query Response

Bulk generators on site treatment and segregation

should be done. But they are collecting the bulk

waste separately and treatment of waste from bulk

generators is not happening on site. Will it be

considered the same in the scoring?

If the objective is met then it will be

considered

If ULB has more than one plant and some of them are

not operational, one or two are under construction

and there is also tenders called for new treatment

plant. In such condition how the marks will be given

ULB

If any one plant is operational in the city, the city may fetch marks.

Veraval: Segregation at source because people are

not habituated for it?

Undertake intensive IEC drive in the city to

aware people for segregation at source and

encourage citizen to opt for segregation at

source.

Dr. Bhavin Solanki, MOH, AMC

Commercial area or commercial establishments,

keeping a tab on waste?

Team will be oriented and will follows the instructions as given by MoUD, New Delhi

Mr. Jigar Patel, Chief Officer, Deesa Municipality

What is the meaning of monitoring at head office

level?

The monitoring of ICT based attendance at

Head Office (Meaning- chief officer level of

Municipality and Department Head at

central level of Municipal Corporation

Dr. Bhavin Solanki, MOH, AMC Do you include sweepers also in the “management staff”? ON site also needs to include OFF site composting?

It was made clear that cleaning staff are

also considered as part of management

Veraval – does not have capacity to produce 100 kg

waste per day, then what? Same case with Dwarka.

Also, what documents do we produce to show this?

If you have documents to prove that there are no such facilities or none of the existing banquet halls or hotels are producing that much waste and same is confirmed by the visiting team on site for SS-2017, then you will get full marks.



Group discussion At the end of the workshop participants were grouped to discuss on different parameters of Swachh

survekshan-2017. Every group has to discuss one of the following topic followed by presentation by

one of the group members. The topics were as follows:

1. Segregation of household waste

2. Inclusion of waste pickers

3. Use of plastic in roads

4. Levying fines

Group 1: Segregation of householdwaste

One ward: Bhuj, Junagadh, Botad; Presenter: Mr. Mukesh Bhai, SBM-Nodal officer, Jamnagar

How to segregate waste? We will take it to a

ward level- will implement a pilot project,

which will focus on 5000 households.

Will purchase economical waste disposal items

– bags and bins



Will keep “white” bins for recyclable waste, “black” for hazardous waste

IEC activities for citizens to build awareness on the subject

Organic waste composter

Duration: Two months

Group 2: Inclusion of Waste pickers,

Presenter: Mr. Paresh Kshirsagar, Chief Officer, Nadiad

We have identified 95 waste pickers. In commercial areas, you can deploy waste pickers. NUM

Guidelines can be followed and ID cards

can be allotted to them and then they can

be taught about the waste segregation

process. They can segregate and collect

and rest we will take care of.

This can also be implemented in

residential areas.

Supreme Court guidelines can also be

followed.

Group 3: Use of Plastic in roads

Presenter: Mr. SJ Chanda Rana, Bhavnagar Municipal Corporation

Roads get damaged due to numerous

reasons. So, we wonder how to resolve

this problem? Building a road is a

costly affair. Use of plastic in roads is

the best answer for durability of roads.

IRC SP 98 – two processes (wet and

dry) have been explained. Both

processes are very simple and straight

forward. All type of LDP, types of

plastic, can be used. Plastic which is

not being used anywhere can be used

to build roads.

We did some math and realized that 40 mm thick, 3.5 meters wide plastic used, on 1 km road –

results in about Rs.2.5 lakhs profit. KK Plastics is ready to support and make 1k road for any

municipality willing to opt to try them on a pilot project basis.

Duration: Two months



Group 4: Dumpsite remediation:

Gandhidham, Junagadh, Godhra, Presenter: Chief Officer, Godhara

This issue is interlinked with

waste segregation. If

segregation is not done

properly, then processing

cannot be done properly.

The windrows technology which

was discussed today is very

simple and effective for waste

processing.

This bio-culture is now available

in the market, in the form of

sprays.

We need to make rows that allow JCB to pass through. 35mm 8mm or 4mm net can be used.

Appropriate training is required for the personnel so that the rows and the entire procedure can be

followed properly.

In conclusion, windrow processing has been approved by GPCB and thus is open for replication by

municipalities across the country.

Visit to Kankaria Carnival The session concluded with a visit to Kankaria Carnival to witness a street play on open

defecation free settlements – “Jeevli Jeevi Gayi” performed by Theater Media Centre,

Ahmedabad



Annexures

Annexure I- National Workshop agenda

‘Peer Learning for Swachh Bharat’ (Under the Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab (ASAL) Project)

A one Day workshop on co-learning among cities for Swachh Survekshan

AGENDA

Expert City Talks from cities: Pune, Bengaluru, Aurangabad, Ahmedabad, Surat

Participants: City officials of 31 cities of Gujarat

Day & Date: Friday, 30th Dec, 2016

Followed by visit to AMC Kankaria Carnival, Ahmedabad

Workshop Venue: Hotel Radison Blu, Near Panchvati Cross Roads, Off C.G. Road,

Ambawadi, Ahmedabad

Urban Management Center (Workshop organizers)Contact No: Arvind Singh-+91 9723205984,

079-26400306/7

Date/ Time Agenda Venue

30th Dec.2016:

Friday

Peer-Learning Workshop Hotel Radisson

Blu, Ahmedabad

9:30-10:00 am Registration of participants

10:00 -10:30 am Inaugural Session Facilitated by Urban Management Centre

Workshop Overview: Manvita Baradi, Director, Urban

Management Centre

Welcome address: Mr. C.R. Kharsan, IAS, Dy. Municipal

Commissioner, AMC

Overview of Swachh Bharat Mission, Govt. of India

activities:Ms. Faustina Gomez, PMU, SBM, MOUD, New Delhi

Key Note Address:Mr. P.K. Solanki, IAS, Mission Director, SBM,



Govt. of Gujarat

10:30-10:45 am Tea Break

10:45-1:30 pm

30 minutes each

(15 minute

presentation

followed by 15

minute Question

&Answer sessions)

(Tea & cookies to

be served within

the conference at

3.30 pm)

Technical Session – 1- facilitated by: UMC

Involving waste pickers in waste management:

the nuts and bolts of the process, by SWACHH waste pickers

federation in Pune- Suresh Jagtap, Joint Municipal

Commissioner, PMC and Mangal Pagare, SWACHH, Pune

Setting up fecal sludge treatment plant in Devanahalli,

Consortium for Dewats Dissemination Society (CDD Society),

Amresh Sinha, CDD Bangalore

Society level composting and bio-methanation plants,

Bio-Urja Plant by GPS renewables: Mainak Chakraborty,

Bangalore

Organic waste converters,Amrut Rathod; Excel Industries,

1:30-2:30 pm Networking Lunch

2:30-4:30 (15

minute

presentation

followed by 15

minute Question

&Answer )

(Tea & Cookies

will be served in

at the tables at

3:30 pm

Technical Session – 2 Facilitated by : UMC

How to remediate waste dumps in our cities, Ragini Jain,

Geetanjali Envirotech, Mumbai

Using plastic in roads, KK Plastic Waste Management, Ahmed

Khan, Bangalore

Convincing households to segregate at source

Case of Aurangabad, majhi city taka tak by Pooja K

Pahade, Aurangabad

2 bin 1 bag movement in Bengaluru, by. Malini Parmar

Levying fines in a systemic manner,Surat Municipal Corporation

4:30-5:30 All participants break in following groups for further one to one

discussion

1. Segregation of household waste – Malini Parmar, CRT

2. Inclusion of waste pickers – Suresh Jagtap, Mangal Pagare

3. Use of plastic in roads- Ahmed Khan

4. Dumpsite remediation – Raagini Jain

Each group will

be facilitated by a

senior expert

from UMC and

sector expert

from city

A one minute preview of street play teaser -Jeevli Jeevi Gayi on ODF

5:30 pm-7:30 pm Visit to Kankaria Carnival

Street Play on open defecation free settlements by UMC

Facilitated by Dr.

Bhavin Solanki of

AMC



Annexure II-Letter to cities from SBM-U Gujarat PMU cell, Govt. of Gujarat



Annexure III- Letter to speakers/expert from SBM-U Gujarat PMU cell, Govt. of Gujarat



Annexure IV- Short CV of speakers/experts

‘Peer Learning for Swachh Bharat’ (Under the Ahmedabad Sanitation Action Lab (ASAL) Project) Speakers/Experts for one Day National workshop on co-learning among cities for Swachh Survekshan, 30-12-

2016

NAME OF EXPERT SHORT INTRODUCTION

1. Mr. C R Kharsan IAS Dy. Municipal Commissioner, AMC

2. Mr. Manoj Kothari IAS Municipal Commissioner, Bhavnagar

3. Ms. Faustina Gomez, SBM-National PMU, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi

4. Mr. P. K. Solanki IAS Director, SBM, UDDH, Govt. of Gujarat

5. Ms. Manvita Baradi

Director, Urban Management Centre, Ahmedabad. She has over 25 years of technical experience in developing and administering programs to local governments in the areas of service delivery, local governance, urban planning, heritage management, citizen participation, capacity building of local government associations, development of urban indicators and performance measurement and international development).

6. Mr. Suresh Jagtap

Joint Municipal Commissioner, PMC-(TBC)

Has spent More Than 30 Years In Pune City Administration Had

been one of the founder member of PMC-Swachh model which

integrated informal sector in municipal waste management

Worked as chief coordinating officer in preparation of City

Sanitation of Pune City in the year 2011-12

7. Ms. Mangal Pagare,

SWACHH, Pune

Chief Executive Officer, SWACHH, Pune

Mangal Pagare is one of the senior most staff members within

the organization and has been working with SWaCH for the past

eight years now.

She has worked with women’s issues for the past many years.

She has been actively involved in the development forums and

has extensive experience in organizing workshops and programs

on social issues in rural and urban areas in Maharashtra.

8. Mr. Amresh Sinha

CDD Bangalore

The Consortium for DEWATS Dissemination (CDD) Society is a

non-governmental organization, started in 2002 and registered

formally as not for profit society in 2005. The consortium was

formed with an agenda to find solutions to the existing

sanitation challenges in India. This fulfils the aim of reducing the

environmental burden due to pollution as a result of poor



sanitation.

The consortium advocated the use of natural, biological

treatment using a set of anaerobic and aerobic treatment

technologies. The unique feature of Decentralized Wastewater

Treatment Systems (DEWATS™) was that it mimicked nature

without the intervention of chemicals and mechanical elements.

9. Ms. Pooja K Pahade

Civic Response Team

Qualification: BTech in Chemical Technology from UDCT

Aurangabad. PG diploma in international trade

10. Ms. Malini Parmar , 2

bin 1 bag movement in

Bengaluru

She has Global IT work experience in more than 25 countries.

She has been volunteering for responsible waste management

since 2011.

She is part of SWMRT, 2bin1bag campaign (segregation at

source) and Bangalore Eco Team - citizen plastic ban campaign

across the city, Swachagraha - to get 10 lakh Bangaloreans to

start a green spot and most importantly for this group, a

Cupspert - a team that promotes sustainable menstruation.

11. Ms. Ragini Jain

President, Geetanjali Environment Improvement Society

She is a well-recognized waste expert and has been in this field

since 2000.She has also helped in clearing Nagpur’s waste site

12. Mr. Ahmed Khan, KK

Plastic Waste

Management, Bangalore

A scientist and businessman, and the founder of KK Plastic

Waste Management Pvt. Ltd.

13. Mr. Mainak Chakraborty Executive Director & Co-CEO, GPS Renewables, Bangalore

14. Mr. Amrut Rathod Marketing executive, Excel Industries Limited, Ahmedabad

15. Dr. Ashish Naik Chief Medical Officer of Health , Surat Municipal Corporation

16. Dr.(Ms.) Ketaki Ghatge,

Asst. Medical Officer of Health, Pune Muni. Corporation

She has devoted her time to work on development and planning

issues, including solid waste management, natural resource

management, energy conservation and sanitation.During the

past year she has dedicated herself to the design and

implementation of the Zero Garbage Ward in Pune City,

SHWAAS and has undertaken various initiatives in Swachh

Bharat Mission.



Annexure V - List of participants

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