-w No, 10-300

I IiISI,iIS tEIRlNiIiNjrot:I’IIIi IN’IIItICItNATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES*INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM

I--.rr

F:’.’.

FOR NPS USE ONLY

RECEIVED ‘ ,:.,‘

DATE ENTERED

___________ ___________

- SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMSTYPE ALL ENTRIES--COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS

NAME -

HISTORIC- ho renzo Crandall I-louse

AND/OR COMMON -

LOCATIONSTREET& NUMBER 221. High Street’

Nor FOR PUBLICATIONCITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT

Pawtucket- VIONITYOF 1--Hon. Fe rnand J. St. Genan in

STATE T . CODE COUNtY CODE‘node island 44 Prpyj dence 007

CLASSIFICATION . -

LATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE...DISTRICT ._PUBLIC IOCCUPIED .

IBUILDINGISI XPRIVATE PARK

IN PROGRESS .LPRIVATE RESIDENCEPUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE . ENTERTAINMENT .RELIGIOUS

OBJECT PR’OCESS RESTRICTED

CONSIDERED UNRESTRICTED .INDUSfRIAL ,TRANSPORTATION

LOTHER- --- .1

OWNER OF PROPERTY . .

NAME Pawtucket Redevelopment Agency -

STREET & NUMBER -

200 Main StreetCITY. TOWN - STATE

Pawtucket- VICINITYOF flcde 15 1. and

LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTIONCOURTHOUSE.REGISTRY OF DEEDSETC, Pawtucket City !‘!aifl

STREET& NUMBERRoosevelt Avenue

CITY. TOWN , . STATEPawtucket Rhode island

flREPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYSTITLE

Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Statewide Preservation Report P-P -

DATE1 9 76 - 1 C 7 7 X_STATE

DEPOSITORY FORSURVEYRECORDS Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission -

CITY. TOWN - . STATEProvi clence‘ Rhode Is land

%‘.-at :: ,-:- --.-.

DESCRIPTION . --‘- .--, - ‘ - -

CONDITION CIJECK ONE ‘ CHECK ONE‘

_EXCELLENT , _DETERIORATED - UNALTERED ,XORIGINAL SITE

LG000 ‘ _RUINS 7LALTERED _MOVED DATE________

_FAIR UNEXPOSED r .

DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL IF KNOWN PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

_____

The Lorenzo Crandall House, 221. High Street, Pawtucket, is a two-and-one-half-story, mode’stlydetai’led’, Greek Revival style, Frame.

____

house. Built in 1848-1849, for, and probably by, Lorenzo Crandall, aPawtucket carpenter, the house is set facing west with its gable endto the street. Viewed’ from High Street, the house appears to be onlyone and one-half stories in height; however, its hillside location,on land whiCh slopes sharply down immediately east off the street,actually provides an’additional full’’story below street level.Clapboards cover all wails including those below street level. Cornerpilasters, a wide banded cornice frieze with inset’ windows immediately

‘

under the roof, bold return mouldi ngs, relatively flat moulded windowcaps, and the simple, well-proportioned Greek Revival frame of the main’entrance are the major exterior stylistic errhellishme.nts. ‘

A one-story hip-reofed porch on the south flank of the housewhich may be a later addition, echoes the simple detailing of thehouse in its posts and frieze. The porch gives’street-level accessto a side, rear entrance, forms a shelter over the side’ entrance off thebasement level. A single, large brick chimney is located almost inthe center of the house and serves two fireplaces on each of the twoprimary floors.

Except for th,e rather cramped front stairhall - - with its stair-case spiralling tightly around a flat-sectioned half-column faced onthe front with a panelled pilaster treatment - - the interior plan and LLdetailing on the two primary levels are essentially identical.. Each ‘

____

level has a small, formal front parlor with kitchen immediately behind,both rooms sharing the brick chimney stack. Each parlor features’ afireplace, with a heavy, crossetted, wooden mantel, and a separate,

____

shallow, full-height cupboard built into the wall’ beside it. Eachkitchen has a cooking fireplace with bake oven at the right front.Cast iron cranes and even doors are still in place. Parlors andkitchens also retain their original under-window panels.

.

An assortment of small rooms open off the original primary Jivingspaces: There-appear to have been some partition change’s in them toaccommodate such necessities as modern kitchens and bathrooms. A stair-case at the very back of the house, set in a narrow stairhall, servesall three levels. . -

-

Lorenzo Crandall’ s house was apparently built as a two- familyresidence originally., and. was probably shared first by Loren’zo whopresumably occupied the street level and gable space, above and his

____

son William 0. Crandall who lived in the house at least as late as ‘‘‘

:71869. Later the house was apparently shared by Lorenzo and his son

See continuation sheet 1

- - . , - -

- - -‘.

Form No. Ti.3OOaIHev, iO-4

U NFl’IiL STAVES II’,PAR’I’MLN’I Cli 1ll’H N’ftR 101 - FOR NPS USE ONLY -

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

RECEIVED

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ‘ ‘ -

INVENTORY-- NOMINATION FORM DATE ENTERED

CONTINUATION SHEET I’ ‘ - ITEM NUMBER 7 PAGE 2

Henry W. Crandall; In 1892 Lorenzo sold the house, which he referred to- as his ‘homestead," to Henry, reserving a life tenancy for himself and

for his wife. ‘ ‘ ‘

Currently used as three apartments, and relatively unaltered overthe years, the Lorénzo Crandall [louse remains essentially as firstbuilt, an unusually-sited, modestly-detailed example.of a small housetype once very prevalent in Pawtucket. . ‘ ‘

-.

fl SIGNIFICANCE‘ --.,-. ‘

‘

PERIOD - AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE - CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW

._PREHISTORIC _ARCHEOLUGY-PREHISTORIC _COMMUNITY PLANNING LANOSCAPE ARCHITECTURE _RELIGION’

_1400-1499 ._ARCHEOLOGY.HISTORIC _CONSEHVATION _LAW ‘ _SCIENCE .

‘_1 500-1599 AGRICULTURE’ ‘ _ECONOMICS _LITERATURE _SCULPTURE -

_1600-1699 ,XARCHITECTURE _EDUCATION ‘ ,_MIIITARY ‘ LSOCIAL/HUMANITARIAN

_1100-1799 ART _ENGINEERING _MUSIC , _THEATER.11800-1599 tCOMMEACE _,EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT ,PHIL0S0PHY ...TRANSPORTATION ‘

_1900- _COMMUNICATIQNS _INOUSTHY ‘ POLITICS/GOVERNMENT _OTHER SPECIFY rt.,.INVENTI0N

,

SPECIFIC DATES 18481849 BUILDER/ARCHITECT Lorenzo Crandall, carpenter

STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE - . ‘ .

The Lorenzo ‘Crandall House is significant for two reasons.. First, ‘ -

although it is, a ‘modest vernacular building, of minimal architecturalpretension or st’li.stic elaboration, it is an excellent’ example of ahouse type once wide,spread in mid-nineteenth-century .Pawtucket and now Falmost totally eradicated from the ‘city’s physical fabric. ‘Second, as Vthe house of a local -carpenter, it is in surprisingly unaltered conditionand represents the quality, scale, and type of homes of one of nineteenth

____

century Pawtucket’s major social - classes., the artisans. .

‘Solidity of’ construction and handsomeness ofproportion rather thanfine or unusual detailing characterize the house that Lorenzo Crandallcarpenter, almost certainly built for himself in 1848-1849. ‘ He chosea form -- the gable-roofed, one-and-one-half- or two-and-one-half-story L -frame house set gable end to the street - which at that tine was a’prevalent and practical reflection of Greek Revival stylistic influences’ -. -and of the growing demand for affordable, modest housing for a burgeoningmiddle class.

, ‘A--cPawtucket, following the nat’ionwide depression and crash of 1829.

recovered slowly in the 1833’s, but by the’ 1840’s was expanding rapidlyas a major industrial center in the still-young country of the UnitedStates. Lowell, Massachusetts, had surpassed Pawtucket by this time a’sthe premier American cotton manufacturing center, but Pawtucket’ s textile Lc’industries remained, vital and other industries, such as the various

-metal working industries and specialized branches of textile manufacture, .

continued to expand and prosper. By the 1830rs three quite distinctsocial classes had developed in the community: the relatively smaLlgroup of wealthy mill owners and industrialist’s; a substantial numberof artisans, whose skills and i.nventiyenes5 supported Pawtucket’sindustriai productiveness directly in the industries themselves andindirectly in providing mill buildings and machinery ‘for industry, -housing and services for new workers and residents, and metal parts and ‘

engines needed in local manufacturing or marketed elsewhere and an‘

overwhelming number oF 1 aho ers ind un Ici lied nil I woi ke s , I requently

______

of European extraction. ‘‘ ,

‘

See continuati on sheet 2‘

I

FornNo tO-3UOa11ev, 10- 74

I.JNI1’FI StAINS DIYAR’I’NINN’I’ ON ‘11W I.N’I’IiRIOR, FOR NPS USE’ONLY

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE -

RECEIVED -

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACESINVENTORY--NOMINATIONFJRM DATEENTERED

CONTINUATION’SHEET 2 ITEM’NUMBER 8 PAGE 2

The middle decades of the 19th century in Pawtucket saw extensiveresidential development, both For mill workers and for artisans.High Street developed as just, such’ an artisan neighborhood, andLorenzo Crandall’s,house is set in a dense concentration of modestframe houses, most of which were built for, iF not also partly by,local artisans, between 1840 and 1890. Unlike many others on thestreet, the, Crandall house, has not suffered such alterations as theaddition of new siding or modern windows. It remains the best preserved

-of the artisan homes among those on the east side of the stteet.

Lorenzo Crandall October 25, 1813 - June 2, 1892 was a carpenterof whom relatively little’ is known today, other than thd baregenealogical’ hones. This lack of speci fic information probably indicatesthat Lorenzo Crandall was solidly typical of, rather than unique to,his time, place, and station in life. Born in Fall River,’ Massachusetts,he moved with his parents first to Voluntown, Connecticut, then toPawtucket, Rhode Island. According to genealogical notes compiled byhis daughter Claribel Crandall in 1905, Lorenzo travelled for businessreasons "west and south, spending some time in ‘Cuba. He returned toPawtucket, married and gave his time to contracting and building."Claribel Crandall also indicated that her father "was a man of firm willand steadfast purpose, and hei,d many offices of trust in the town."This remark must he interpreted as a standard nineteenth centuryencomium, for a cursory survey of city directories ‘from the 1850’s -

through the early 1890’s yielded no record of Crandall ‘office-holding.

Perusal off the directories as well as of annual lists of "Improvementsto Real Estate in Rhode Island,’’ published in the mid-1860 ‘s in theProvidence Dail,y Journal, also yielded no mention of Lorenzo Crandall.It seems probable that’’G’randal1 worked for one of the dozen or socarpenter-building firms that are mentioned in the newspaper accountsand entered, in the- directories. At any rate, if one ‘n’iay judge fromthe execution and finish of his own house, Crandall was a competent‘and traditional, if not inspired, craftsman. lIis influence, thoughundocumented and at this point essentially anonymous, must have beenfelt in many Pawtucket buildings, especially residences, built fromthe 1840’s through. the 1870’s or ‘80’s.

‘One interesting minor point of interest is an extraordinarily c-losestyl istic parallel between the treatment of the front staircase inCrandall’s own house and that of the 184Q’ s remodelling of the Daggett

See continuation sheet 3

--w ‘< w -

.Y -‘‘

Formo -30Oa. , ‘ ‘ ‘ *‘ -

,lnv 10-74 - ‘

UNI’FIJ STAINS III’ARTMILN’I’ UI" TFII, iN’I’i’.RIOI ‘ FOR NPS USE ONLY ‘ ‘ -‘

NATIONAL PARK SERvIcE

RECEIVED ‘ ‘ -

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES-- INVENTORY--NOMINATIONFORM DATEENTERED ‘ ‘

‘

CONrI NUATION SHEET .3 ‘ , ITM NUMBER 8 PAGE’ 3

House, one of the earliest extant building’s in Pawtucket entered onthe National Register -as part of Slater Rark llistori c District Bothhouses featbre spiral stairs which wind around heavy flat- faceted, -

wooden columns set against a curvingback plaster wall. In the DaggettHouse the stairhall was enlarged by the addition on the front .of the

,

house of a small roofed porch; as a result there is space to use a

____

full column. In the Crandall house no extra space was provided forthe. stairhali within the regular, rectangular mass of the houe ; there rH -

there was space only for a half column, fronted with a flat panelledpilaster treatment. This visual evidence of connection is furthertenuously supported by the fact ‘that some relation between the Crandalland the Daggett Families did exist; Lorenzo Crandall ‘s father marriedLucy Winslow, a daughter of Joanna Daggett. Additional genealogicalresearch would he necessary t substantiate the closeness of and anyinfluence of the family relationship;’ hut it does seem probable ‘that

_____

the same carpenter -: probably Lorenzo Crandall - - worked on bothstaircases. -

The City of Pawtucket’s, plans for urban renewal .have alieady alteredthe southern part of the High Street neighborhood. Renewal has ‘

substituted the tall Nogarty Duilding*and open space for what once wasa densely-built, small-scale, frame environment. The PawtucketRedevelopment Authority’s current plans call for additional clearance

‘north of Fogarty along the east side’o’F High Street, which would - -

necessitate demolition or ‘removal of the Lorenzo Crandall House. ‘‘

*Housing for the’ Elderly ‘ ‘

ç.

MT - -.- - -- --.,-,-‘--".--.--‘.,--- .- ----- ‘ " Z-’ -,

MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

Davis, E.G. , ed. , "Crandall Genealogical Papers. ‘ Manuscript Notebook,c. 1905, in collections of Rhode Island Historical Society library. -

ROper, Stephen J. , Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Statewide Historic PreservatioReport. Rhode Island HistoriTFTserVãTion Commission, Providence,1977.

DGEOGRAPHICAL DATA‘ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY less than one

UTM REFERENCES

A1l19 I 1310 21117101 14,613t91’l, 5,01 . al , I I I I IZONE EASTING - NORTHING ZONE EASTING NORTHING

C! I III III LII II ii DIIII1III liii’! Jill I’VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION

Plat 43’ , lot 96

LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES

‘STATE CODE ‘ COUNTY CODE

-STATE CODE . COUNTY ‘CODE

FORM PREPARED BY - -

‘ NAME / TITLE,

Ancelin V. Lynch, Nat.i olial Register CoordinatorOnGANIZATION ‘ ‘ ‘ " DATE April 1978

Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission May 16 1977STREET& NUMBEH TELEPHONE

130 Benefit Street 401-277-2678CITY OR TOWN STATE

Providence ,‘ - Rhode Island

ESTATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION.THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: -

NATIONAL.. - STATE__. LOCAL_ ‘

As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 Public Law 89-665. I

hereby nominate this properly for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evalUated according to the

criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Sef>

STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATUnE --

TITLE State, Historic Preservation Officer DATE June 21, 1978

FORNPSUSEONLY - - -

I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PROPERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER - - - - -

- -‘ ‘DATE’ -

¼

DIRECTOR. OFFICE OF ARCHEOLOGY AND HISTORIC PRESERVATIONATTEST: - DATE - - -

KEEPER OFTHE NATIONAL REGISTER - - - - -

GPO 892 452

NfrS Form 10900 . ‘PJomI.c_-A 2etlL0 Mc, 1024-0010

3-82 ‘ Exp- 10-31-54

United States Department of the InteriorNational Park Service - --‘ - ‘ ‘ - For NPS use only

Ilational Register of Historic Places received

Onventory-lomination Form dateentered

See instructions in Howto Complete National Register FormsType all entries-complete applicable sections

1. Name

historic Lorerizo Crandall Housei

and/or common

2. Locationstreet & number 221 High Street for publication

congressional districtcitytown Pawtucket N.A.V.iflhtyOf #1 - Hon. Fernand J. St Germain

state Rhode Island code 44 ‘ county Providence code 007

3. ClassificationCategory Ownership Status , Present Use

district - public X_ occupied agriculture museumbuildings private unoccupied commercial park

- structure - both , - work in progress . educational X private residence- site Public Acquisition Accessible entertainment - religious

object 1’L.k.in process - yes: restricted ,,.... government scientific- being considered - - yes: unrestricted industrial transportation

X no , ‘ - military other:

4. Owner of Propertyname Patricia S. W. Bruce Tillinghast

street&number 22]. High Street

city,town ‘ Pawtucket ‘ - state Rhode Island

5. Location of Legal Descriptioncourthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Pawtucket City’ Hall

street&number Rooseyelt Avenue

clty,town Pawtucket state Rhode Island

6. Representation in Existing SurveysPawtucket,, Rhode Island, Statewide

title Preservation Report, P-PA2 has this property been determined eligible? - ..kno

date .1976-1977 .,.,Xstate

depositoryforsurveyrecords Rhode ‘Island Historical Preservation Commission

city,town Providence - state Rhode Jslahd

7. ‘Description

Condition Check one Check one .

excellent- good- fair

- deteriorated- ruins. unexposed

. unalteredaltered

, original site..& moved date December 1979 -

Describe the present and original if known physical appearance

The Lorenzo Crandall House is a two-and-one-half-story, modestlydetailed Greek Revival style, frame house.

Built in 1848-49, for,’and probably by’, Lorenzo Crandall,. a Pawtucketcarpenter, the house is set facing west with its gable end to the street.Viewed from High Street, the hous,e appears -to be only one-and-one-half-stories in height; however, its hillside location’, on land which slopessharply down immediately east .of th,e street, actually provides an additionalfull story below’ street level. Clapboards cover all walls including thosebelow street level. Corner pilasters, a wide banded cornice frieze withinset windows immediately. under the roof, bold return mouldings, relativelyflat moulded window caps, and the simple, well-proportioned Greek Revivalframe of the main entrance are the major exterior stylistic embellishments.

A one-story hip-roofed porch-on the south’flank of’the house, restoredafter a 1979 fire, echoes the simple detailing of the house in its postsand frieze. The porch gives street-level access to a side rear entrance,forms a shelter over the side entrance of the basement level. A single,large brick chimney, rebuilt above the roof line ‘after a fire, is locatedalmost in the center of the house and serves two-fireplaces on each of thetwo primary floors.

Except for the rather cramped front stairhall--with its staircasespiralling tightly around a flat-sectioned half-column faced on the frontwith a panelled’pilaster treatment--the interior plan and detailing onthe two primary levels are essentially identical. Each level has a small,formal front parlor with kitchen immediately behind, both rooms sharingthe brick chimney stack. Each parlor features a fireplace, with a heavy,crossetted, wooden’.mantel, and a separate, shallow, full-height cupboardbuilt into the wall beside it. Each kitchen has a cooking fireplace withbake oven at the right front. Cast iron cranes and oven- doors are stillin place. Parlors and kitchens also retain their original under-windowpanels.

An assortment of small rooms open off the original primary livingspaces. There appear to have beensome partition changes in them toaccOmmodatesuch necessities as modern kitchens and bathrooms. A staircaseat the very back of the house, set in a narrow stairhall, serves all threelevels.

Lorenzo Crandall’s house was apparently built as a two-family residence originally, and was probably shared first by Lorenzo who presumably occupied the street level and gable space above and his sonWilliam 0. Crandall who lived in the house-at least as late as 1869Later the house was -apparently shared by Lorenzo and his son Henry IV.Crandall; in 1892 Lorenzo sold the house, wh’ich he referred to as his"homestead," .to Henry, reserving a life tenancy’ for himself and for hiswife. " -

See Continuation Sheet #1

NPS Form I0-900.a - 0MB N0 1024-0018. Exp. 10-31-64

United States Department of the Inierior - - -

National Park Service ‘ For NI’S use only

National Register of Historic PEaces received

inventory-Nomnatüon Form dateentored

Continuation sheet Item number 7 Page 2

Relatively unaltered over the years, the Lorenzo Crandall House remains essentially as first built, a modestly-detailed example of a smallhouse type once very prevalent in Pawtucket.

8. Sügnificance

‘Period Areas of Significance-Check and justify below- prehistoric-- 1400-1499

- archeology-prehistoricarcheology-historic

planning I - landscape architecture_ religion- con&eration - law - science

- 1500-1599 agriculture - economics - literature - sculpture- 1600-1699 architecture - education - military - social/- 1700-1799 - art engineering - - music humanitarian

1800-1899 -_commerce - - exploration/settlement - philosophy - theater

‘

- communications - industry - politics/government ._, transportation- - invention ‘ - other specify

Specific dates 1848-1849 Builder/Architect Lorenzo Crandall, carpenter

Statement of Significance in one paragraph

The LorenzOCrandall House-is significant principally for its architectural character; although it is a modest vernacular building, of littlearchitectural pretension or stylistic elaboration, it is an ‘excellent example of a house type once widespread in mid-nineteenth-century Pawtucketand now almost totally eradicated from the city’s physical fabric. Second,as the house of a local carpenter, it is "in surprisingly-unaltered conditionand represents the quality, scale, and type of homes of one of nineteenthcentury Pawtucket’s’major social classes,’ ..the artisans.

Solidity of construction and- handsomenessof proportion rather thanfine or unusual detailing characterize the house that ,Lorenzo Crandall,carpenter, almost certainly built for himself in 1848-1849. He chose aform--the gable-roofed, one-and-one-half-’ or two-and-one-half-story framehouse set gable end to the street-which at that time was a prevalent andpractical reflection of Greek Revival,stylistic influences and of thegrowing demand for affordable,’ modest.housing for a burgeoning middle class.

Pawtucket, following the nationwide depression and crash of 1829,recovered slowly in the l830s, but by.the 1840s was expanding rapidlyas a major industrial center ‘in the still-young country of the UnitedStates. Lowell, Massachusetts, had. surpassed Pawtucket by this time asthe premier American cotton manufacturing center, but,Pawtucket’s textileindustriesremained vital and other industries,,such as the various metalworking industries’and specialized branches oftextile manufacture, continued to expand and prosper. By the 1830s three quite distinct socialclasses had developed in the community: the relatively small group ofwealthy mill owners and industrialists; a substantial number of artisans,whose skills and inventiveness supported Pawtucket’sindustrial productiveness directly’ Gin the industries themselves and indirectly in providingmill buildings and machinery for industry, housing and services for newworkers and residents, and metal parts and engines needed in local manufacturing or marketed elsewhere; and an overwhelming number of laborersand unskilled mill workers, frequently of European extraction.

The middle decades of the 19th century in Pawtucket’ saw extensiveresidential development, both for mill workers and for artisans. HighStreet developed as just such an artisan neighborhood, and LorenzoCrandallJs house is set in a dense concentration of modest frame houses,most of which were built for, if not also partly by, local artisans, between 1840’ and-1890. Unlike many others on the street, the Crandall

See Continuation Sheet #2

NPS Fon 10900-a ‘ . - - ‘ ..‘ 0MB No, 1024-0018

3’ I . ‘ - ‘, Eap. 10-31-84

United States Department o.the’lnierior ‘ -

National Park Service For NI’S use only

National Register of Historic Places reedA

Inventory-Nomination FormContinuation sheet 2 ‘ Item number 8

‘ Page 2

the Crandall house,has not suffered such alterations as the ‘addition ofnew siding or modern windows. It remains the best preserved of theartisan homes amongthose on the east side of the street.

Lorenzo Crandall October 2S, 1813 - June 2, 1893 was a carpenter ofwhom relatively little is known-today, other than the baregenealogicalbones. This lack, of specific. information probably indicates that LorenzoCrandall was solidly typical of, rather than unique to,’ his time, place,and station in life. Born in Fall River, Massachusetts, he moved with hisparents first to Voluntown, Connecticut, then to Pawtucket, Rhode Island.According to genealogical notes comfiled by his daughter Claribell Crandallin 1905, Lorenzo travelled for business’ reasons "west and south, spendingsome time in Cuba. He returned to Pawtucket, married and gave his timeto contracting and building." Claribel Crandall also ‘indicated that herfather "was a man of firm will and steadfast purpose, and held many officesof trust in the town." This remark must be interpreted as a standard nine-teenth century encomium,- for a cursory- survey of city directories from thel850s through the early 1890s yielded no record’of Crandall office-holding.

Perusal of the directories as well as of annual lists of "Improvements to Real Estate in Rhode Island," published in the mid-1860s in theProvidence Daily’ Journal, also yielded no mention of Lorenzo Crandall.It seems probable that Crandall worke4 for one of the dozen or so carpenter-building firms that are mentioned in the newspaper accounts and entered inthe directories. At any rate, if one may judge from the execution andfinish’of his own house, Crandallwas a competent and traditional, if notinspired, craftsman. His influence, though’undocumented’and at this pointessentially’ anonymous, must have beenfelt in many Pawtucket buildings,

, especially residences,. built from -the 1840s through the 1870s or 1880s.

One interesting minor point of interest is an extraordinarily closestylistic parallel between the treatment of the front staircase inCrandall’s own house and that of the 1840s remodelling of ‘the ]JaggettHouse, one of the earliest extant buildings in Pawtucket entered on theNational Register as part of Slater Park Historic District. Both housesfeature spiral stairs which wind around heavy flat-faceted, wooden columnsset against -a curvingback plaster wall. In the Daggett House the stairhallwas enlarged by the addition on the front of the house of a small roofedporch; as a result there is space to use a full column. In the Crandallhouse no extra space was provided for the stairhall within the regular,rectangular mass of the house; there was space only for a half column,fronted with a flat panelled pilaster treatment. This visual evidenceof connection is further--tenuously supported by the fact that some relationbetween the Crandall and the Daggett families did exist; Lorenzo Crandall’sfather married Lucy Winslow, a daughter’of Joanna Daggett. ‘Additional

CSee Continuation Sheet #3

NPS Fo,rn 10900-a 0MB No, 1024-0018-‘

. 382 Eap. 10-31-84

tJnited States Department of the InteriorNatIonal Park ServIce For NI’S use only

National Register of Historic Places recvod

Inventory-Nomination FormContinuation sheet 3 Item numbeL 8 Page 3

genealogical research would be necessary to substantiate the closeness ofand any influence of the family relationship’; -but it does seem probablethat the same.carpenter--probablyLorenzo Crandall--worked on both staircases.

In December, 1979, the Lorenzo Crandall House wasmoved from itsoriginal site to’ its -present location. The original, location’ also 221High Street was 300’feet north along High Street from the present site.The move was necessitated by the- City of Pawtucket’s plans for urban renewal.’ The construction of,the nearby high-rise Fogarty Housing for theElderly and the creation of an open-space area would have required thedemolition of the Crandall House on its original site. Moving, the housewas judged’to -be the only feasible preservation alternative.

The new location for the Crandall House is in many ways similar toits original location. On the same side of the same street, with exactlythe same setback, the new site repeats the unusual relationship of thehouse to its deeply-sloped original site and allows for the basement levelto be located below street level but above grade as it was on the original -

site.

While moved buildings are not generally eligible for Register listing,the Crandall House’s new location admirably repeats the siting of itsoriginal location. In addition, the’Crandall House is significant primarily for its architectural value, that is, its ability to document the’quality, scale, and type of houses of Pawtucket’s nineteenth century artisans.

9 Major Bibiliographicafi Refererces -

- Davis, E.G., ed, "Crandall Geneal6ical Papers." Manuscript Notebook,c. 1905, in collections of Rhode Island Historical Society library.

Roper, Stephen J., Pawtucket,’ Rhode Island,’Sfatewide’ Historic ‘PreservationReport. Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission, Providence, lu

It Geographica DataAcreage of nominated property less than one

Quadrangle name Pawtucket Quadrangle scale 1: 24,000

UT M References

A119113I0j2I1t6i01 141613l910l8101

Zone Easting Northing

B

____

II , I I IIZone Easting Northing

cii 11111 itIl ilillil Dill IlilIlillIllIllEiI’IllIljl_III’lIIiI FlilIlilijillIlItilci_d1111_liltI1tlL1 -- Hut IlIllilIllilill

Verbal boundary description and justificationThe boundaries of the Lbrenzo Crandall House’ are the lines of -

Pawtucket Assessor’s lot 605, plat 43B. This small city-lot C9200 squarefeet contains only the Crandall, House and its immediate surroundings.List all states and counties for properties overlapping state or county boundaries -

state code county ‘ code

state ‘ code county code

11. Form Prepared By

name/title Ancelin V. Lynch, National Register. Coordinator

organization RI. Historical Preservation Commispn Nay, 1977, April, 1978,July. 1984.

street&number 150 Benefit Street telephone 401-277-2578

city or town Providence state Rhode Island

12. State Historic Preservation Officer CertificationThe evaluat ed significance of th is property within the state is:

‘ - natibnal state 4 local

As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 Public Law 89-665, I hereby nominate this property for Inclusion in the National Register and certity that it has been evaluatedaccording to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Servlco.

State Historic Preservation Officer signature

title

,t’*y r3:

included in the National Re

date

Keeper of th NatlohalRegister r??? d. c. ‘. ,,- C 3 ‘an ‘-.‘‘. " j -W_7 ,

4

Chief of Registratuon’’A’ r "0.

:,‘;-t :-

Lorenzo Crandall House

Pawtucket, Rhode island

Ancelin V. Lynch ‘ April, 1977Rhode island Historical Preservation Commission

Facade of the house from the west northwest

#1

Lorenzo Crandall HousePawtucket, Rhode Island

Ancelin V. Lynch April, 1977Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission

Close-up of doorway, from the west.

#2

Lorenzo Crandall HousePawtucket, Rhode Island

Ancelin V. Lynch April, 1977Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission

Front parlor mantel , from the west southwest,also showing doorframe moulding at right andedge of built-in cupboard at left.

113

I

Lorenzo Crandal 1 HousePawtucket, Rhode Island

Ancelin V.’ Lynch April, 1977Rhode Island Historical Preservation Commission

Kitchen fireplace, street level story, from theeast-;’

LORENZO CRANDALL HOUSE

221 High Street, Pawtucket, Rhode Island

Photographer: Ancelin LynchDate: December, 1979Negative filed at: Rhode Island Historical Preserva

tion Commission150 Benefit Street, Providence, RI

View north showing house ready to be moved;new site and foundation in the foreground.

Photo #1

- .

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C.

LORENZO CRANDALL HOUSE221 High Street, Pawtucket, Rhode Island

Photographer: Ancelin LynchDate: December, 1979

‘ ‘INegative filed at: Rhode Island Historical

Preservation Commission150 Benefit Street, Providence

View north from new site and foundation tohouse raised on original site.

Photo #2

-

LORENZO CRANDALL HOUSE221 High Street, Pawtucket, Rhode island

Photographer: Bruce TillinghastDate: June, 1982Negative filed at: Bruce Tillinghast

221 High StreetPawtucket, Rhode Island

View of house looking northeast showingit in it new location with porches rebuilt. ‘

Photo #3

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