national capital region.docx

7/24/2019 National Capital Region.docx

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National Capital

Region

(NCR; Metro Manila)

Manila Caloocan City

Las Pias City

Makati City

Malabon City

Mandaluyong City

Manila

Marikina City

Muntinlupa City

Navotas City

Paraaque City

Pasay City

Pasig City

Pateros

Queon City

!an "uan City

#aguig City
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Caloocan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Las_Pi%C3%B1as_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Makati_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Malabon_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mandaluyong_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Marikina_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Muntinlupa_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Navotas_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Para%C3%B1aque_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pasay_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pasig_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pateroshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Juan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Taguig_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Caloocan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Las_Pi%C3%B1as_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Makati_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Malabon_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mandaluyong_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Marikina_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Muntinlupa_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Navotas_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Para%C3%B1aque_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pasay_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pasig_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pateroshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quezon_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Juan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Taguig_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Metro_Manila


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$alenuela City

Cordillera

Administrative

Region

(C%R)

&aguio City

%bra

%payao

&enguet

'ugao

alinga

Mountain

Province

Ilocos Region

(Region ')

!an *ernando City

'locos Norte

'locos !ur

La +nion

Pangasinan

Cagayan Valley

(Region '')

#uguegarao City

&atanes

Cagayan

'sabela

Nueva $icaya
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Valenzuela_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Baguio_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Abra_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Apayaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Benguethttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ifugaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Kalingahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mountain_Provincehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mountain_Provincehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Fernando_City,_La_Unionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/La_Unionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pangasinanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_Valleyhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tuguegarao_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bataneshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Isabelahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Nueva_Vizcayahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Valenzuela_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cordillera_Administrative_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Baguio_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Abra_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Apayaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Benguethttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ifugaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Kalingahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mountain_Provincehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mountain_Provincehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Fernando_City,_La_Unionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Ilocos_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/La_Unionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pangasinanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_Valleyhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tuguegarao_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bataneshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Isabelahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Nueva_Vizcaya


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Quirino

Central Luzon

(Region ''')

!an *ernando City

%urora

&ataan

&ulacan

Nueva ,ci-a

Pa.panga

#arlac

/a.bales

CALABARZON

(Region '$0%)

Cala.ba City

&atangas

Cavite

Laguna

Queon

Rial
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quirinohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Central_Luzonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Fernando_City,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Aurora_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bataanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bulacanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Nueva_Ecijahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pampangahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tarlachttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zambaleshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/CALABARZONhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Calamba_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Batangashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cavitehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Laguna_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quezonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Rizalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quirinohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Central_Luzonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/San_Fernando_City,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Aurora_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bataanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bulacanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Nueva_Ecijahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pampangahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tarlachttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zambaleshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/CALABARZONhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Calamba_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Batangashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cavitehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Laguna_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Quezonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Rizal


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MIMARO

(Region '$0&)

Calapan City

Marinduque

1ccidental

Mindoro

1riental

Mindoro

Ro.blon

Bicol Region

(Region $)

Legapi City

%lbay

Ca.arines

Norte

Ca.arines !ur

Catanduanes

Masbate

!orsogonVisayas

MapRegion

(sort name!Regional center "rovinces
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=MIMARO&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Calapan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Marinduquehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Occidental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Occidental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Oriental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Oriental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Romblonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bicol_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Legazpi_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Albayhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Catanduaneshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Masbatehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Sorsogonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=MIMARO&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Calapan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Marinduquehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Occidental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Occidental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Oriental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Oriental_Mindorohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Romblonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bicol_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Legazpi_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Albayhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camarines_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Catanduaneshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Masbatehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Sorsogonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Visayas


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#estern Visayas

(Region VI!

'loilo City

%klan

%ntique

Capi

2ui.aras

'loilo

Negros

1ccidental

Central Visayas

(Region $'')

Cebu City

&o3ol

Cebu

Negros 1riental

!iqui-or

$astern Visayas

(Region $''')

#acloban City

&iliran

,astern !a.ar

Leyte

Nort3ern !a.ar

!a.ar
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Western_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Iloilo_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Aklanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Antique_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Capizhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Guimarashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Iloilohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cebu_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Boholhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cebuhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Orientalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Siquijorhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Eastern_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tacloban_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Biliranhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Eastern_Samarhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Leytehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Northern_Samarhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Samarhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Western_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Iloilo_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Aklanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Antique_(province)http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Capizhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Guimarashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Iloilohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Central_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cebu_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Boholhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cebuhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Negros_Orientalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Siquijorhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Eastern_Visayashttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tacloban_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Biliranhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Eastern_Samarhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Leytehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Northern_Samarhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Samar


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!out3ern Leyte

Mindanao

MapRegion

(sort name!

Regional

center

"rovinces

Zam%oanga "eninsula

(Region '4)

Pagadian City /a.boanga del Norte

/a.boanga del !ur

/a.boanga !ibugay

Nortern Mindanao

(Region 4)

Cagayan de

1ro &ukidnon

Ca.iguin

Lanao del Norte

Misa.is 1ccidental

Misa.is 1riental
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Southern_Leytehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pagadian_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_Sibugayhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Northern_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_de_Orohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_de_Orohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bukidnonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camiguinhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Lanao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Misamis_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Misamis_Orientalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Southern_Leytehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Pagadian_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Zamboanga_Sibugayhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Northern_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_de_Orohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cagayan_de_Orohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Bukidnonhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Camiguinhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Lanao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Misamis_Occidentalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Misamis_Oriental


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&avao Region

(Region 4')

5avao City

Co.postela $alley

5avao del Norte

5avao del !ur

5avao 1riental

'OCC''AR)$N

(Region 4'')

oronadal

City Cotabato

!arangani

!out3 Cotabato

!ultan udarat

2eneral !antos City

Caraga

(Region 4''')

&utuan City

%gusan del Norte

%gusan del !ur

5inagat 'slands

!urigao del Norte

!urigao del !ur
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Compostela_Valleyhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Orientalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/SOCCSKSARGENhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Koronadal_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Koronadal_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cotabatohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Saranganihttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/South_Cotabatohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Sultan_Kudarathttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/General_Santos_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Caragahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Butuan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Agusan_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Agusan_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Dinagat_Islandshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Surigao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Surigao_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Regionhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Compostela_Valleyhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Davao_Orientalhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/SOCCSKSARGENhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Koronadal_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Koronadal_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cotabatohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Saranganihttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/South_Cotabatohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Sultan_Kudarathttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/General_Santos_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Caragahttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Butuan_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Agusan_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Agusan_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Dinagat_Islandshttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Surigao_del_Nortehttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Surigao_del_Sur


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Autonomous Region in

Muslim Mindanao

(%RMM)

Cotabato City

&asilan

Lanao del !ur

Maguindanao

!3ari abunsuan

!ulu

#a6i0#a6i
http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cotabato_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Basilanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Lanao_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Maguindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Shariff_Kabunsuanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Suluhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tawi-Tawihttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Cotabato_Cityhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Basilanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Lanao_del_Surhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Maguindanaohttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Shariff_Kabunsuanhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Suluhttp://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php/Tawi-Tawi


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Spratly Islands dispute*ro. 7ikipedia8 t3e ree encyclopedia

This article is missing information about American oil-related interests and intervention in the area and Sino-led ongoing large scalereclamation on the reefs of Spratly Islands. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on thetalk page.(June2015)

Part of a series on the

Spratly Islands

Spratly Islands military occupations map

Related articles

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Dangerous Ground (South China Sea

Great !all of sand

"istory of the Spratly Islands

#ist of maritime features in the Spratly Islands

Philippines and the Spratly Islands

$epu%lic of &orac'Songhrati'&eads

Territorial disputes in the South China Sea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Spratly_Islands_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Spratly_Islands_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Spratly_Islands_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_Ground_(South_China_Sea)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_wall_of_sandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_maritime_features_in_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_and_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Morac-Songhrati-Meadshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Spratly_Islands_disputehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangerous_Ground_(South_China_Sea)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_wall_of_sandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_maritime_features_in_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_and_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Morac-Songhrati-Meadshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea


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Confrontations

South!est Cay incident ()*+

,ohnson South $eef skirmish ()--

Military occupations

Occupied byChinasho!/

Occupied byMalaysiasho!/

Occupied by thePhilippinessho!/

Occupied byTaiansho!/

Occupied by!ietnamsho!/

#3e 'pratly Islands disputeis an ongoing territorial dispute

bet6een &runei8 C3ina (People9s Republic o C3ina)8 Malaysia8 t3e P3ilippines8 #ai6an (Republic o C3ina)8

and $ietna.8 concerning o6ners3ip o t3e !pratly 'slands8 a group o islands and associated :.ariti.e eatures:

(rees8 banks8 cays8 etc) located in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea #3e dispute is c3aracterised by diplo.atic stale.ate and t3e e.ploy.ent o lo60level .ilitarypressure tec3niques (suc3 as .ilitary occupation o disputed territory) in t3e advance.ent o national territorial clai.s %ll e


11/37

o @>Co..ercial is3ing

o @ECo..ercial s3ipping

>Conrontations

E'nternational la6

o E@,??H

o E>P3ilippine protests to '#L1!8 >?@@

o EEP3ilippines sub.ission to PC%8 >?@E

A5iplo.atic .oves

o A@@HH> %!,%N 5eclaration on t3e !out3 C3ina !ea

o A>@HHD %gree.ent

o AE5eclaration on t3e Conduct o Parties in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea8 >??>

o AACode o Conduct in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea

o ADC3inese dredging activities

o AF>?@D construction o an airield at *iery Cross Ree

DGistory o t3e !pratly 'slands

FClai.s and t3eir basis

o F@&runei

F@@&asis o &runei9s clai.

o F>Malaysia

F>@&asis o Malaysia9s clai.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Commercial_fishinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Commercial_shippinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Confrontationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#International_lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Extended_continental_shelf_claims.2C_2009https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Philippine_protests_to_ITLOS.2C_2011https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Philippines_submission_to_PCA.2C_2013https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Diplomatic_moveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#1992_ASEAN_Declaration_on_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#1995_Agreementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Declaration_on_the_Conduct_of_Parties_in_the_South_China_Sea.2C_2002https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Code_of_Conduct_in_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Chinese_dredging_activitieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#2015_construction_of_an_airfield_at_Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Claims_and_their_basishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Bruneihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Basis_of_Brunei.27s_claimhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Basis_of_Malaysia.27s_claimhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Commercial_fishinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Commercial_shippinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Confrontationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#International_lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Extended_continental_shelf_claims.2C_2009https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Philippine_protests_to_ITLOS.2C_2011https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Philippines_submission_to_PCA.2C_2013https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Diplomatic_moveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#1992_ASEAN_Declaration_on_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#1995_Agreementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Declaration_on_the_Conduct_of_Parties_in_the_South_China_Sea.2C_2002https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Code_of_Conduct_in_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Chinese_dredging_activitieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#2015_construction_of_an_airfield_at_Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Claims_and_their_basishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Bruneihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Basis_of_Brunei.27s_claimhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#Basis_of_Malaysia.27s_claim


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13/37

section o t3e sout36estern !out3 C3ina !ea t3at includes !pratly 'sland areas B@APart o t3e Crestone9s contract covered $ietna.9s blocks @EE and @EA863ere Petro$ietna.8 Petro!tar ,nergy(+!%) and ConocoP3illips $ietna. , #3is led to a conrontation bet6een C3ina and $ietna.8 6it3 eac3 de.anding t3at t3e ot3er cancel its contract

Commercial +isingBedit

#3e region is one o t3e 6orld9s .ost productive areas or co..ercial is3ing 'n @HJJ8 or e?@?B@D#3e PRC 3as predicted t3at t3e !out3 C3ina !ea 3olds co.bined is3ing and oil and gas resources6ort3 one trillion dollars Bcitation needed#3ere 3ave already been nu.erous clas3es bet6een t3e PRC and t3e P3ilippines8 PRC and $ietna.8 and bet6een ot3er

nations over :oreign: is3ing vessels in ,I? s3ips passed t3roug3 t3e !pratly 'slands region eac3 day Moret3an 3al o t3e 6orld9s supertanker traic8 by tonnage8 passes t3roug3 t3e region9s 6aters every year #anker traic t3roug3 t3e !out3 C3ina !ea is overt3ree ti.es greater t3an t3roug3 t3e!ue Canaland ive ti.es .ore t3an t3roug3 t3e Pana.a Canal;>D o t3e 6orld9s crude oil passes t3roug3 t3e!out3 C3ina !eaBcitation needed

Confrontations

#3ere 3ave been a nu.ber o notable clas3es in t3e !pratly 'slands8 so.e o 63ic3 are discussed in t3e ollo6ing articles=

#erritorial disputes in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea

!out36est Cay 'nvasion!out36est Cay invasion(@HID)

"o3nson !out3 Ree !kir.is3(@A Marc3 @HJJ)

!carboroug3 !3oal stando(co..enced J %pril >?@>)

International law$,tended continental sel+ claims- .//0

$ia +NCL1!8

#3e +nited Nations provided or countries 6it3 coastlines to sub.it clai.s to t3e

+N9s Co..ission on t3e Li.its o t3e Continental !3el (CLC!)8B@I(or t3eircontinental s3elto be e?? nautical .iles o t3eir s3ores)8 by@E May >??H

% total o AJ nations .ade ull clai.s8 and doens .ore .ade preli.inary sub.issionsB@J

#6o o t3e sub.issions .ade to t3e CLC! addressed clai.s in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea (!C!) O one by $ietna. or a clai. over t3e nort3ern portion o t3e!C! (63ic3 included t3e Paracel 'slands)8

and anot3er -ointly by $ietna. and Malaysia or a -oint clai. over a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ConocoPhillipshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_wordshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_wordshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_wordshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisa_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Libo-on-16https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Cay_Invasionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_and_the_Spratly_Islands#Southwest_Cay_invasionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_South_Reef_Skirmishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal_standoffhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal_standoffhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-CLCS-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters#Continental_shelfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters#Continental_shelfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-BBC2009-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracel_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ConocoPhillipshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusive_Economic_Zonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_wordshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisa_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Libo-on-16https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Cay_Invasionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines_and_the_Spratly_Islands#Southwest_Cay_invasionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_South_Reef_Skirmishhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoal_standoffhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-CLCS-17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters#Continental_shelfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-BBC2009-18https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracel_Islands


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:deined area: in t3e .iddle o t3e !C! bet6een t3e t6o countries8

63ic3 included part o t3e !pratly 'slands &runei .ade a preli.inary sub.ission notiying o its intention to clai. a continental s3el beyond >?? nautical.iles ro. its s3ores B@H

C3ina (PRC) i..ediately issued protests over t3e t6o sub.issions and called on t3e +nited Nations not to consider t3e. 't also issued a stern 6arning tocountries not to clai. t3e islands 63ic3 it said 6ere its sovereign territory

"ilippine protests to I1LO'- ./22

1n >E May >?@@8 P3ilippine President&enigno %quino '''6arned t3e visiting C3inese 5eense Minister Liang 2uanglieo a possible ar.s racein t3eregion i tensions 6orsened over disputes in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea 'n Marc38 t3e P3ilippines co.plained t3at C3inese patrol boats 3ad 3arassed aP3ilippine oil e@

"ilippines su%mission to "CA- ./23Bedit

1n >> "anuary >?@E8 t3e P3ilippines instituted arbitral proceedings against t3e People9s Republic o C3ina in t3e

Per.anent Court o %rbitration(PC%)

1n @H *ebruary >?@E8 C3ina re-ected and returned t3e P3ilippines9 Notiication

#3e Per.anent Court o %rbitration acts as Registry in t3is arbitration B>E

P3ilippine "ustice %ntonio # Carpio states t3at t3e case is solely a .ariti.e dispute8 and not territorial in nature

#3e P3ilippines seeks clariication ro. t3e tribunal as to 63et3er C3ina9s H0das3ed linecan negate

t3e P3ilippines9 ,??0nautical0.ile (EI? k.; >E? .i) ,,/8 or only a @>0nautical0.ile (>> k.; @A .i) territorial sea Clariication o63et3er C3ina can appropriate lo60tide elevations8 suc3 as t3eMisc3ie Reeand t3e !ubi Ree6it3in t3e P3ilippines9 ,,/8

3ave also been included in t3e case

:#3e P3ilippines is not asking t3e tribunal to deli.it by nautical .easure.ents overlapping ,,/s bet6een C3ina and t3e P3ilippines #3e P3ilippines isalso not asking t3e tribunal 63at country 3as sovereignty over an island8 or rock above 6ater at 3ig3 tide8 in t3e 7est P3ilippine !ea: B>A

Diplomatic moves [edit200. A'$AN &eclaration on te 'out Cina 'eaBedit

This section re0uiresexpansion.

(July 2014)

2004 Agreement Bedit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-19https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_IIIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_IIIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang_Guangliehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang_Guangliehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arms_racehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Tribunal_for_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Tribunal_for_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-21https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=9https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitrationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-PCA-23https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-dashed_linehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mischief_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mischief_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subi_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-24https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=10https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=11https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=12https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-19https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_IIIhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang_Guangliehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arms_racehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Tribunal_for_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Tribunal_for_the_Law_of_the_Seahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-21https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitrationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-PCA-23https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-dashed_linehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mischief_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subi_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-24https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=10https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=11https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=12


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*ollo6ing a @HHD dispute bet6een t3e PRC and t3e P3ilippines8 an%!,%N0brokered agree.ent 6as reac3ed bet6een

t3e PRC and %!,%N .e.ber nations 63ereby one country 6ould inor. t3e ot3er o any .ilitary .ove.ent 6it3in t3e disputed territory8 and t3at t3ere6ould be no urt3er constructionBcitation needed

#3e agree.ent 6as pro.ptly violated by PRC and Malaysia= clai.ing stor. da.age8

seven PL% Navyvessels entered t3e area to repair :is3ing s3elters: in Panganiban Ree(Misc3ie Ree); Malaysia erected a structure on'nvestigator!3oaland landed at Rial Ree (Co..odore Ree) 'n response8 t3e P3ilippines lodged or.al protests8 de.anded t3e re.oval o t3e structures8increased naval patrols in alayaan8 and issued invitations to %.erican politicians to inspect t3e PRC bases by plane Bcitation needed

&eclaration on te Conduct o+ "arties in te 'out Cina 'ea- .//.Bedit

1n A Nove.ber >??> in P3no. Pen38 t3e 5eclaration on t3e Conduct o Parties in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea B>D6as signed by t3e @? oreign .inisterso%!,%Ncountries and C3ina (PRC) #3e parties eD#3e partiesalso undertook to e?@A "anes reported t3at during >?@EO>?@A C3ina 3ad begun a substantial progra. o dredging and land recla.ation at t3ree sites in t3e !pratlys"anes concluded t3at 9#3e strategic eect o C3ina9s dredging and land recla.ation .akes it t3e .ost signiicant c3ange to t3e !out3 C3ina !ea disputesince t3e @HJJ &attle o "o3nson !out3 Ree ' co.pleted as envisioned in t3e C2' designs8 C3ina 6ill 3ave its irst airstrip in t3e !pratly islands O and abase ro. 63ic3 to i.pose its interpretation o t3e surrounding eatures9 sovereignty9 B@

"anes also noted t3at in contrast to t3e previous construction pro-ections o ot3er countries in t3e !pratlys8 9#3e .ain dierence bet6een t3ese activitiesand C3ina9s is t3at t3ey .odiied eD0.etre run6ayB>J
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLA_Navyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panganiban_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigator_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigator_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalayaan,_Palawanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-asean20021104-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-asean20021104-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-asean20021104-25https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-26https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-27https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-janes.com-1https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=16https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-stuff1-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-28https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLA_Navyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panganiban_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigator_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigator_Shoalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalayaan,_Palawanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=13https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-asean20021104-25https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-asean20021104-25https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=14https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-26https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senatehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-27https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=15https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-janes.com-1https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=16https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiery_Cross_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-stuff1-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-28


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History of the Spratly IslandsBeditMain article:History of the Spratly Islands

Malaysia 3as .ilitarily occupied t3ree islands t3at it considers to be 6it3in its continental s3el !6allo6 Ree(Layang Layang !er"#$" Layang %"la"Layang Layang) 6as under control on @HJE and 3as been turned into an island t3roug3 aland recla.ation63ic3 no6 also 3osts a dive resort B>H#3eMalaysian .ilitary also occupies%rdasier Ree(!er"#$" &$i)8 and Mariveles Ree(!er"#$" Mantanani)BE?

!ince @HH>8 Malaysia and $ietna. 3ave agreed to -ointly develop areas around t3ese disputed islands BE@Malaysia 3as .ade it kno6n t3at its policy is to

.aintain peace and resolve disputes using diplo.acy 't trusts t3at C3ina is not an aggressive country and believes C3ina only 6ants its presence to bekno6n Malaysia 3as said t3at it is al6ays .onitoring all o t3e actions .ade by countries involved in t3e dispute BE>

#3e Republic o C3ina (R1C)8 63ic3 ruled .ainland C3inabeore @HAH8 3as been conined to #ai6an since @HAH #3e People9s Liberation %r.yandt3eRepublic o C3ina %r.ed *orcesare bot3 stationed in several islands8 including t3e largest8 #aiping 'slandO occupied by R1C

'n @HAI8 t3e R1C govern.ent rena.ed @DH islands in t3e area and publis3ed t3e Map of the So"th hina Sea Islands #3e R1C 6as t3e irst govern.entto establis3 a p3ysical presence in t3e !pratly 'slands 't 3as occupied #aiping 'sland8 t3e largest island in t3e !pratlys8 constantly since @HDF BEE

'n @HDJ8 Nort3 $ietna.ese Pri.e Minister P3. $n Sngsent a or.al note to/3ou ,nlai

'n @HDJ8 t3e People9s Republic o C3ina8 3aving taken over .ainland C3ina and 3aving let t3e Republic o C3ina 6it3 control over#ai6an8Peng3u8in.en8Matsu8 and so.e outlying islands8 issued a declaration o a @> nautical .ile li.it territorial 6aters t3at enco.passed t3e !pratly'slands Nort3 $ietna.9s pri.e .inister8P3. $n Sng8 sent a or.al note to PRC9s Pre.ier /3ou ,nlaito recognise t3ese clai.s; and stated t3at t3e2overn.ent o t3e 5e.ocratic Republic o $ietna. (Nort3 $ietna.) respects t3e decision on t3e @> nautical .ile li.it territorial 6aters8 alt3oug3 !out3$ietna. continued to clai. sovereignty over t3e islands

'n t3e @Ht3 century8 ,uropeans ound t3at C3inese is3er.en ro. Gainan annually so-ourned on t3e !pratly islands or part o t3e year8 63ile in @JII it6as t3e &ritis3 63o launc3ed t3e irst .odern legal clai.s to t3e !pratlys BEABED
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallow_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_reclamationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_reclamationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Ooi2004-29https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Ooi2004-29https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardasier_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardasier_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariveles_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariveles_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-GlobalSecurity-30https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-31https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-32https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Liberation_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-33https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penghuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penghuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsu_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Taylor_.26_Francis-35https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=17https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallow_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_reclamationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Ooi2004-29https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardasier_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariveles_Reefhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-GlobalSecurity-30https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-31https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-32https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Liberation_Armyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_Islandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-33https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penghuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinmenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matsu_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_V%C4%83n_%C4%90%E1%BB%93nghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlaihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Taylor_.26_Francis-35


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73en t3e !pratlys and Paracels 6ere being surveyed by 2er.any in @JJE8 C3ina issued protests against t3e. BEFC3ina sent naval orces on inspectiontours in @H?> and @H?I and placed lags and .arkers on t3e islands #3e Qing dynasty9s successor state8 t3e Republic o C3ina8 clai.ed t3e !pratly andParacel islands under t3e -urisdiction o Gainan BEI

#3e !pratlys and t3e Paracels 6ere conquered by "apan in @HEH "apan ad.inistered t3e !pratlys via #ai6an9s -urisdiction and t3e Paracels via Gainan9s-urisdictionBEA#3e Paracels and !pratlys 6ere 3anded over to Republic o C3ina control ro. "apan ater t3e @HAD surrender o "apan8 BEJsince t3e %lliedpo6ers assigned t3e Republic o C3ina to receive "apanese surrenders in t3at area BEI

#3e Republic o C3ina t3en garrisoned 'tu %ba (#aiping) island in @HAF and posted C3inese lags and .arkers on it along 6it3 7oody island in t3e

Paracels8 *rance tried8 but ailed to .ake t3e. leave 7oody islandBEA

#3e ai. o t3e Republic o C3ina 6as to block t3e *renc3 clai.sBEIBEH

#3e Republico C3ina dre6 up t3e .ap s3o6ing t3e + s3aped clai. on t3e entire !out3 C3ina !ea8 s3o6ing t3e !pratly and Paracels in C3inese territory8 in @HAI BEI

%ter pulling out its garrison in @HD? 63en t3e Republic o C3ina evacuated to #ai6an8 63en t3e *ilipino #o.as Clo.a uprooted an R1C lag on 'tu %balaid clai. to t3e !pratlys and8 t3e Republic o C3ina (no6 #ai6an) again regarrisoned 'tu %ba on @HDF BA?'n @HAF8 t3e %.ericans re.inded t3e P3ilippinesat its independence t3at t3e !pratlys 6as not P3ilippine territory8 bot3 to not angerC3iang ai0s3ekin C3ina and because t3e !pratlys 6ere not part o t3eP3ilippines per t3e @JHJ treaty !pain signed 6it3 %.ericaBEA#3e P3ilippines t3en clai.ed t3e !pratlys in @HI@ under President Marcos8 ater #ai6anesetroops attacked and s3ot at a P3ilippine is3ing boat on 'tu %ba BA@

#ai6an9s garrison ro. @HAFO@HD? and @HDF0no6 on 'tu %ba represents an :eective occupation: o t3e !pratlys BA@BA>C3ina establis3ed a coastal deencesyste. against "apanese pirates or s.ugglersBAE

Nort3 $ietna. recognised C3ina9s clai.s on t3e Paracels and !pratlys during t3e $ietna. 7ar as it 6as being supported by C3ina 1nly ater 6inning t3e

6ar and conquering !out3 $ietna. did Nort3 $ietna. retract its recognition and ad.itted it recognised t3e. as part o C3ina to receive aid ro. C3ina inig3ting t3e %.ericansBAA

+nder President Lee #eng03ui8#ai6an stated t3at :legally8 3istorically8 geograp3ically8 or in reality:8 all o t3e !out3 C3ina !ea and !pratly islands 6ere#ai6an9s territory and under #ai6anese sovereignty8 and denounced actions undertaken t3ere by Malaysia and t3e P3ilippines8 in a state.ent on @E "uly@HHH released by t3e oreign .inistry o #ai6anBAD#ai6an and C3ina9s clai.s :.irror: eac3 ot3er; during international talks involving t3e !pratly islands8C3ina and #ai6an 3ave cooperated 6it3 eac3 ot3er since bot3 3ave t3e sa.e clai.s BA@BAF

#ai6an and C3ina are largely strategically aligned on t3e !pratly islands issue8 since t3ey bot3 clai. e?@?8 it 6as reported t3at t3e or.er Malaysian Pri.e Minister Ma3at3ir Mo3a.adbelieved Malaysia could proit ro. C3ina9s econo.ic gro6t3 t3roug3co0operation 6it3 C3ina8BD>and said t3at C3ina :6as not a t3reat to anyone and 6as not 6orried about aggression ro. C3ina:8 as 6ell accusing t3e +nited
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-ed._Morley.2C_Nishihara_1997-38https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-The_Editors_of_Encyclop.C3.A6dia_Britannica-39https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-The_Editors_of_Encyclop.C3.A6dia_Britannica-39https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Lin2008-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Lin2008-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000p81-43https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-44https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Teng-huihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Teng-huihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-46https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-KastnerAug2012-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-KastnerAug2012-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-KastnerAug2012-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-49https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-49https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Lin2008-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-50https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-51https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-52https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-52https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-ed._Morley.2C_Nishihara_1997-38https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-The_Editors_of_Encyclop.C3.A6dia_Britannica-39https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-40https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Lin2008-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000p81-43https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-44https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Teng-huihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-45https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Pak2000-41https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-46https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-KastnerAug2012-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-48https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-KastnerAug2012-47https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-49https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Lin2008-42https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-50https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-51https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-52


18/37

!tates o provoking C3ina and trying to turn C3ina9s neig3bours against C3ina BDEMalaysia displayed no concern over C3ina conducting a .ilitary e


19/37

% striking large black and 63ite &ritis3 c3art o t3e sea in nort3ern &orneo8 irst issued in @JJ@ and corrected to @HED

BruneiBedit

&runei clai.s t3e part o t3e !out3 C3ina !easnearest to it as part o itscontinental s3eland,


20/37

Map of the So"th hina Sea Islands8 by Ministry o t3e 'nterior8 R1C8 @HAI

#3e People9s Republic o C3ina (PRC) clai.s all o t3e !pratly 'slands as part o C3ina and 3as long 3ad a naval presence in t3e territories

#3e Republic o C3ina (R1C)8 63ic3 ruled .ainland C3inabeore @HAH and 3as been conined to #ai6an since @HAH8 also clai.s all o t3e !pratly 'slands

Basis +or "RC6s and ROC6s claimsBedit

C3ina clai.s to 3ave discovered t3e islands in t3e Gan dynastyin > &C #3e islands 6ere clai.ed to 3ave been .arked on .aps co.piled during t3e ti.eo ,astern Gan dynastyand,astern 7u(one o t3e #3ree ingdo.s) !ince t3e Tuan dynastyin t3e @>t3 century8 several islands t3at .ay be t3e !pratlys3ave been labelled as C3inese territory8BFFollo6ed by t3eMing dynastyBFIand t3e Qing dynastyro. t3e @Et3 to @Ht3 CenturyBFJ'n @IDD8BFJBFHarc3aeologicalsurveys t3e re.ains oC3inesepottery and coins 3ave been ound in t3e islands and are cited as proo or t3e PRC clai.8 but t3ey are .ore likely to 3aveco.e ro. s3ip6recks o passing C3inese-unksBI?

C3inese is3er.en 3ave is3ed around t3e islands since >?? &C BEF

'n t3e @Ht3 century8 ,uropeans ound t3at C3inese is3er.en ro. Gainan annually so-ourned on t3e !pratly islands or part o t3e year8 63ile in @JII it6as t3e &ritis3 63o launc3ed t3e irst .odern legal clai.s to t3e !pratlys BEABED

73en t3e !pratlys and Paracels 6ere being surveyed by 2er.any in @JJE8 C3ina issued protests against t3e. #3e @JJI C3inese0$ietna.ese &oundaryconvention signed bet6een *rance and C3ina ater t3e !ino0*renc3 7ar said t3at C3ina 6as t3e o6ner o t3e !pratly and Paracel islands BEFC3ina sentnaval orces on inspection tours in @H?> and @H?I and placed lags and .arkers on t3e islands #3e Qing dynasty9s successor state8 t3e Republic oC3ina8 clai.ed t3e !pratly and Paracel islands under t3e -urisdiction o Gainan BEI

#3e !pratlys and t3e Paracels 6ere conquered by "apan in @HEH "apan ad.inistered t3e !pratlys via #ai6an9s -urisdiction and t3e Paracels via Gainan9s-urisdictionBEA#3e Paracels and !pratlys 6ere 3anded over to Republic o C3ina control ro. "apan ater t3e @HAD surrender o "apan8 BEJsince t3e %lliedpo6ers assigned t3e Republic o C3ina to receive "apanese surrenders in t3at area BEI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=24https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Wuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Wuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kingdomshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated1-66https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated1-66https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated4-67https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated2-69https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_arthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_arthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-bbc1999-04-19-70https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Taylor_.26_Francis-35https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-ed._Morley.2C_Nishihara_1997-38https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=24https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Han_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Wuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kingdomshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated1-66https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated4-67https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated3-68https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-autogenerated2-69https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_arthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junkshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-bbc1999-04-19-70https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Taylor_.26_Francis-35https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Wortzel-36https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-ed._Morley.2C_Nishihara_1997-38https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Severino2011-37


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%ter 77> ended8 t3e Republic o C3ina 6as t3e :.ost active clai.aint: #3e Republic o C3ina t3en garrisoned 'tu %ba (#aiping) island in @HAF andposted C3inese lags and .arkers on it along 6it3 7oody island in t3e Paracels8 *rance tried8 but ailed to .ake t3e. leave 7oody island BEA#3e ai. ot3e Republic o C3ina 6as to block t3e *renc3 clai.sBEIBEH#3e Republic o C3ina dre6 up t3e .ap s3o6ing t3e + s3aped clai. on t3e entire !out3 C3ina!ea8 s3o6ing t3e !pratly and Paracels in C3inese territory8 in @HAI BEI

#ai6an9s garrison ro. @HAFO@HD? and @HDF0no6 on 'tu %ba represents an :eective occupation: o t3e !pratly islands BA@BA>

"apanese sc3olar #aoka !3un-i criticised "apanese Pri.e Minister!3ino %beor trying to alsely portray C3ina as a t3reat to "apan and t3at it 6asinvading its neig3bours like t3e P3ilippines8 and pointed out t3at t3e !pratly islands 6ere not part o t3e P3ilippines 63en t3e +! acquired t3e P3ilippines

ro. !pain in t3e #reaty o Paris in @JHJ8 and t3e "apanese ruled #ai6an itsel 3ad anne


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@HJ> +nited Nations Convention on t3e La6 o t3e !ea#3is argu.ent assu.es t3at t3e islands 6ere res n"lli"sBIA#3e P3ilippines also contend8under .ariti.e la6t3at t3e People9s Republic o C3ina can not e


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$ietna.ese clai.s t3at it 3as occupied t3e !pratly and t3e Paracel islands at least since t3e @It3 century8 63en t3ey 6ere not under t3e sovereignty oany state8 and t3at t3ey e?@> t3e national asse.bly o $ietna. passed a la6 de.arcating $ietna.ese sea borders to include t3e !pratly and Paracel 'slands BJ>BJE

C3a.pa3istorically 3ad a large presence in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea #3e $ietna.ese broke C3a.pa9s po6er in an invasion o C3a.pa in @AI@8 and t3eninally conquered t3e last re.nants o t3e C3a. peoplein a 6ar in @JE>BJA#3e $ietna.ese govern.ent ears t3at using t3e evidence o C3a.pa9s3istorical connection to t3e disputed islands in !out3 C3ina !ea 6ould e??@and >??A uprisings8 and lead to t3e issue o C3a. autono.y being broug3t to attentionBJD

Tabular listing of features showing country possessionsBeditMain article:List of #ariti#e feat"res in the Spratly Islands

TimelineBedit

This article needs additional citations for verification.Please helpimpro1e this article%y adding citations to relia%le sources.2nsourced materialmay %e challenged and remo1ed. (November 2013)

)th

century3

4uropeans found that Chinese fishermen from "ainan annually so5ourned on the Spratly islands for part of the year. 67/6+/
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-79https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Franciscohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-81https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Vietnam_Navyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanh_Hoa_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commune-level_town_(Vietnam)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_commune_(Vietnam)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-83https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cham%E2%80%93Vietnamese_War_(1471)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cham_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Cham%E2%80%93Vietnamese_warshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-84https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Highlands_(Vietnam)#2001_Mass_Protestants_and_Uprisinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Highlands_(Vietnam)#2004_Mass_Protestants_and_Uprisinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-85https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=27https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_maritime_features_in_the_Spratly_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edit&section=28https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spratly_Islands_dispute&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Kivimaki2002-34https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_note-Taylor_.26_Francis-35


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-*839ritish na1al captain ,ames George &eads esta%lished the micronation The$epu%lic of &orac'Songhrati'&eads.--63:hen the Spratlys and Paracels !ere %eing sur1eyed %y Germany in --6; China issued protests against them.6


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=ietnam pu%lished a !hite paperoutlining its claims to the islands and disputing those of the other claimants.

)-?=ietnam pu%lished another !hite paper; occupied se1eral of the islands and constructed military installations.

The Philippines occupied se1eral more islands and constructed an air strip.where?/

)-6&alaysia occupied S!allo! $eef (#ayang #ayang; in the south of the Spratly Islands. na1al %ase and di1ing resort !as later %uilt at this location onreclaimed land.

)-79runei esta%lished an exclusi1e fishing None encompassing the #ouisa $eefand neigh%ouring areas in the southeastern Spratly Islands.

)-


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See alsoBedit

C3inese reuniication

2reat 6all o sand

2reater P3ilippines

!ans3a

!enkaku 'slands dispute

ReferencesBedit

@ "u.p up to=abC3ina goes all out 6it3 .a-or island building pro-ect in !pratlys O 'G! "ane9s EF? "anesco. (>? "une >?@A)Retrieved @> May >?@D

> 7ump up 8Page8 "ere.y (@F %pril >?@D) C3ina &uilding %irstrip in !pratly 'slands8 !atellite '.ages !3o6 !he Wall Street 5o"rnalRetrieved @> May >?@D

E "u.p up to=ab'sland building in t3e !out3 C3ina !ea !tucon Retrieved @> May >?@D

A 7ump up 83ttp=666abcnetaune6s>?@D0?H0>>sout30c3ina0sea0islands0beore0and0aterFIHA?IF

D 7ump up 8Bowring6 %hilip 78 May 199;< =hina Is >etting Help in a >ra$ at the Sea=< !he /ew or@ !i#es< (etrieAed29cto$er 2C1DoAernance6&niAersity of the %hilippines 7Fili#an6 O"eNon ity;"o6 (ongPing< !erritorial Fisp"tes and (eso"rce Manage#ent< p< 229 7ump up 8!F 7!rade and nAiron#ent Fata$ase;6 Mandala %ro)ect 7Fece#$er 199;< =Spratly Islands Fisp"te=< I ase St"dieseography of hange


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FD 7ump up 8G"rtado6 UaAier 7Fece#$er 1999;< =International Law and the Fisp"te oAer the Spratly Islands: Whither&/LS?=< onte#porary So"theast Esia 21: DQ8JCH %pril @HHH

I@ 7ump up 8!ao@a6 Sh"n)i 721 Septe#$er 2C1K;< !ranslated $y ("#i Sa@a#oto 7ump up 8C3ina gets toug3 as $ietna. clai.s disputed islands8!ydney Morning Gerald8 >E "une >?@> (arc3ived ro. t3eoriginalon >> "une >?@>)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-65http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/pg_3/?tag=content;col1http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/pg_3/?tag=content;col1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated1_66-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yuanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yuanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated4_67-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commandery_(China)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianxiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated2_69-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianxiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianxiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-bbc1999-04-19_70-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/331763.stmhttp://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/331763.stmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-71http://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttp://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttp://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttp://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-72https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#CITEREFWomack2006https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#CITEREFWomack2006http://books.google.com/books?id=kzBWq44_VSUC&pg=PA218http://books.google.com/books?id=kzBWq44_VSUC&pg=PA218https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-73http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno1596.htmlhttp://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno1596.htmlhttp://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno1596.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-74http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-75http://paracels.info/luuvanloi_1996_sinovietnamesedifference.pdfhttp://paracels.info/luuvanloi_1996_sinovietnamesedifference.pdfhttp://paracels.info/luuvanloi_1996_sinovietnamesedifference.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-76https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-77https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-78https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Dzurekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Dzurekhttp://books.google.com/books?id=o5P4U4UlucMC&pg=PA8http://books.google.com/books?id=o5P4U4UlucMC&pg=PA8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-3http://vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/*/http:/vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/*/http:/vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/*/http:/vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-80http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/shiryo/01/002_46shoshi.htmlhttp://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/shiryo/01/002_46shoshi.htmlhttp://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/shiryo/01/002_46shoshi.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-81http://www.taiwandocuments.org/sanfrancisco01.htmhttp://www.taiwandocuments.org/sanfrancisco01.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-82http://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-65http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/pg_3/?tag=content;col1http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/pg_3/?tag=content;col1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated1_66-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Yuanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated4_67-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commandery_(China)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated3_68-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianxiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-autogenerated2_69-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianxiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-bbc1999-04-19_70-0http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/331763.stmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-71http://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttp://www.japanfocus.org/-Taoka-Shunji/4380/article.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-72https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#CITEREFWomack2006http://books.google.com/books?id=kzBWq44_VSUC&pg=PA218https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-73http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno1596.htmlhttp://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno1596.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-74http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6479/is_3_21/ai_n28748621/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-75http://paracels.info/luuvanloi_1996_sinovietnamesedifference.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-76https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-77https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-78https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Dzurekhttp://books.google.com/books?id=o5P4U4UlucMC&pg=PA8https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-897643-23-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-afi_79-3http://vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttp://web.archive.org/web/*/http:/vietnam.vn/the-vietnamese-states-long-standing-and-uninterrupted-sovereignty-over-the-hoang-sa-and-truong-sa-archipelagoes-c1070n20120102114104437.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-80http://www.ndl.go.jp/constitution/e/shiryo/01/002_46shoshi.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-81http://www.taiwandocuments.org/sanfrancisco01.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute#cite_ref-82http://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.htmlhttp://www.smh.com.au/world/china-gets-tough-as-vietnam-claims-disputed-islands-20120622-20th6.html


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JE 7ump up 8%erleN6 5ane 721 5"ne 2C12;< =hina riticiNes ietna# in Fisp"te Aer Islands J %itts$"rgh %ost->aNette=?@@)C3ina Mobile e May >?@D

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HH 7ump up 8=&S May &se Military to onfront hina in Spratly Island Fisp"te=ro"p?@E0?F0@F)

List o atolls 6it3 areas

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#3ird Party !u..ary o t3e 5ispute

5i >"oPing 7cto$er 199K;< =Mariti#e 5"risdiction in the !hree hina Seas: ptions Gor R"ita$le Settle#ent=7%FG;< Instit"teon >lo$al onflict and ooperation

national capital region.docx

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