nanostructured photovoltaic cells fabricated with pao...
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Nanostructured Photovoltaic Cells Fabricated with PAO (Porous Aluminum Oxide) Templates
Lin Li(Mechanical Engineering)
Santa Barbara City CollegeLab Mentor: Martin SchierhornFaculty Advisors: Galen D. Stucky
Martin Moskovits
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, UCSBFunding: The Institute for Collaborative
Biotechnologies (ICB)
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Application of Nanostructured Photovoltaic Cells Fabricated with PAO Templates
1. Energy Source: solar power (free and renewable)
2. Development of Materials: flexible, cost-effective, easily processable (such as polymers)
(Interface of two different materials)
•The diagram of the nanostructured photovoltaic cells
Photons
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Procedure of Making CdSe Cells
1
5
2 3
64
VV
PAO
Metal layer
CdSe Nanorods
Copper Strip
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Goals
Find optimal thickness of TiO2
Try out different metal layers instead of gold(Ti or Ni)
Play around with different dimensions of nanorodes
Increase the absorption of photons
decreased recombination kinetics
limit the Schottky barrierissues
1
5
2 3
64
VV
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Preparation of PAO Templates
• First Anodization
1. Condition:--- 0.3 M oxalic acid --- 15 degree C --- 40 Volts for 3 hours
2. Removed with H3PO4 / H2CrO4 at 65 degree C for 2 hours (in the oven)
• Second Anodization
1. Same conditions for 12 hours --- results: pores of ~80
micrometers long by ~40 nm in diameter
Template after 2nd Anodization
1 2
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CdSe Nanorods under the SEM
CdSe nanorods
TiO2 layer
Metal layer(ITO layer)
1
5
2 3
64
VV
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Electrochemical Photovoltaic Characteristics of CdSe
CdSe samples
Efficiency = ( Voc * Isc * FF )( 100mW/cm2 )
• Voc – open circuit voltage• Isc – short circuit current• FF – fill factor
KeithleySMU
Equipment for testing
-0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0-15.0µ
-10.0µ
-5.0µ
0.0
5.0µ
10.0µ
15.0µ
Cur
rent
(A)
Potential (V) vs. Pt
with TiO2 + Au Au with TiO2 + ITO
IV characteristics
Voc
Isc
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Summary
• Conclusions
1. IV Curve shows that TiO2 layer leads to better efficiency than the one without it
2. TiO2 layer decreases recombination kinetics
• Future Plans
1. Combine P3HT polymer with CdSe half solar cells
2. Substitute with new polymers• Picture comes from:www.bee.qut.edu.au/.../projects/photovoltaics
P3HTpolymer
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Acknowledgements
• Mentor: Martin Schierhorn
• Adviser: Galen D. StuckyMartin Moskovits
• Professors: Nick Arnold & Dr. Young
• Funding Source: The Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (ICB)
• Summer research program: INSET
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THANK YOU !
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Diagrams of Anodization
Equipment for Anodization
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
Cur
rent
(A)
Tem
pera
ture
(C)
time (h)
Temp
2nd Anodization 5_16
current
Time vs. Temperature & Time vs. Current
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PAO Templates
(With gold layer)(With ITO layer)
• PAO Templates