nano technology of novel drug delivery system
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8/6/2019 Nano Technology of Novel Drug Delivery System
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Nanotechnology is the study, design,creation, synthesis, manipulation, and
application of materials, devices, and
systems at the nanometer scale. The term"nanotechnology" is now commonly used to
refer to the creation of new
objects with nanoscale dimensions between1.0 and 100.0 nm
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`Nanospheres and nanocapsules,that canbe either amorphous or crystalline are the
most widely used nanoparticles. They are
specially designed to adsorb or encapsulate a drug, thereby protecting it
against chemical and enzymatic
degradation.` The drug is confined in a cavity lined by a
polymer membrane in nanocapsules
while, there is a matrix system wherein 3Visit www.bpharmstuf.com
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Swami Ramananda Tirtha Inst.of Pharm.Sci4Visit www.bpharmstuf.com
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` Drug delivery focuses on maximizing bioavailability at specificplaces in the body and for prolonged period of time.The abilityto alter the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the drug inthe body determines the strength of the drug.
` The advantage of nanoparticles over other conventional drugdelivery systems lies in the size, when larger particles would
have been cleared from the body; cells take up thesenanoparticles because of their incredibly small size.` For example, biodegradable nanoparticle drug delivery
systems can be used for targeting drugs to the lungs, whichhas advantages such as avoidance of macrophage clearanceand long resistance times.
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Nanoparticles are promising tools for the advancement of drug delivery, medical imaging, and as diagnosticsensors.research in excretory systems of mice,
shows the ability of gold composites toselectively target certain organs based on
their size and charge. These compositesare encapsulated by a dendrimer andassigned a specific charge and size.Positively-charged gold nanoparticles
were found to enter the kidneys whilenegatively-charged gold nanoparticles
remained in the liver .
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` More than 100 Nanopharmaceutical patents were
granted by US patent office during 2001-05.
United States Patent 6933331 entitled
³N
anotechnology for drug delivery, contrast agentsand biomedical implants´ has been granted for
nanoscale powders as composite and device
components.
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NANOTECHNOLOGYBASED
THER AP AEUTIC APP¶S
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` Polyethylcyanoacrylate nanospheres asbiodegradable polymeric carriers have been foundgood for oral insulin delivery in streptozotocin-induced.
` Smartell technology may help diabetics to maintaintheir glucose levels without needing blood sampleglucose monitoring and injecting insulin. The rise inblood glucose will result in breakage of protein
matrix of SmartCell and subsequent release of insulin proportionate to blood glucose.
DIABETES MELLITUS
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Ophthalmic Disorders
Dendrimers have a potential
for treatment of ocular disorders
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Ophthalmic Disorders
Dendrimers have a potential
for treatment of ocular disorders
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VIV A GEL IS AN ANTI HIV DRUG,
WHICH IS ALSO BASED ON DENDRIMER
TECHNOLOGY.
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The incredibly small size of nanoparticles are
very useful in onchology.
The small size of nano¶s enables them to
accumulate at tumour sites,
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` microscopic nano particles are attached to cancer cells and µcooks' the tumors inside the body with the help of radio frequency waves
that heats only the nanoparticle attached tumor cells, thereby
causing no harm to the adjacent normal tissues.
` Sensor Test chips embedded with thousands of Nanowires,designed to detect proteins and other biomarkers left behind by
cancer cells, could enable the detection and diagnosis of cancer in
the initial stages from a few drops of a patient's blood
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` NANOEMULSIONS made up of tiny soyabean oil
droplets suspended in water &studded with bits of
pathogenic organisms.
` New technology has the potential which change
process of smallpox vaccination using a live virus.
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` In the future nanorobots could programed to repair
diseased cells,as antibodies in healing processes.
1)Elimination of bacterial infections.
2) Ability to perform surgery at cellular level.
3)Significant lengthening of human life span.
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` Nanoparticles :the size of molecules that
can deliver drugs directly to diseased
cells in your body.
When it's perfected,
this method should greatly reduce the
damage treatment such as chemotherapy
does to a patient's healthy cells.
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1. While most applications of nanotechnology in
medicine arestill under development nanocrystalline silver is
already being used as a antimicrobial agent in the
treatment of wounds.
2. Qdots that identify the locationof cancer cells in the body.
3. Nanoparticles that deliver chemotherapy drugs
directly to cancer cells to minimize damage to
healthy cells.
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` superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging
` nanopowders to increase
bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs
`
wound dressings and medicaldevices using antimicrobial nanosilver
` magnetic and optically active
materials for cancer treatment
` nanohydroxyapatite for implantcoatings and bone substitution
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` 1. Charman W.N., Chan H.-K., Finnin B.C. and Charman S. A., ³Drug
Delivery: A Key Factor in Realising the Full Therapeutic Potential of Drugs´,Drug Development Research, 46, 316-27, 1999.
` 2. Santini Jr, J.T., Richards A.C., Scheidt R., Cima M.J. and Langer R.,
³Microchips as Controlled Drug-Delivery Devices´, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,
39, 2396-407, 2000.
`
3. Kopecek J., ³Smart and genetically engineered biomaterials anddrug delivery systems´, European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20,
1-16, 2003.
` 4. Torchilin V.P., ³Structure and design of polymeric surfactant-based
drug delivery systems´, Journal of Controlled Release, 73, 137-72, 2001.
` 5. Muller-Goymann C.C., ³Physicochemical characterization of
colloidal drug delivery systems such as reverse micelles, vesicles, liquid
crystals and nanoparticles for topical administration´, European Journal of
Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 58, 343-56, 2004.
` 6. Haag R., ³Supramolecular Drug-Delivery Systems based on
Polymeric Core-Shell Architectures´, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 43, 278-82,
2004. 24Visit www.bpharmstuf.com
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