NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS

WRITING COVALENT COMPOUNDS

Same as ionic compounds

Identify the less electronegative element 1st (trend = less EN is the one farthest left & farthest down on Periodic Table)

The 1st nonmetal is just given the name as found on the Periodic Table (just like ionic)

The 2nd nonmetal ending is changed to –ide

Difference = numerical prefixes are used to express how many of each nonmetal are present

WRITING COVALENT COMPOUNDS (CONT.) The only time you do not use a prefix is

when there is only one of the first nonmetal.

Number Prefix

1 Mono

2 Di

3 Tri

4 Tetra

5 Penta

6 Hexa

7 Hepta

8 Octa

9 Nona

10 Deca

COVALENT COMPOUND PRACTICE

SO2

Cl2O7

NO2

CCl4

SF6

N(BrO3)5

COVALENT COMPOUND PRACTICE

Phosphorus Trioxide

Tellurium Noniodide

Carbon Monoxide

Selenium Heptaflouride

Arsenic Hexabromide

HYDRATES

Water is added to the compound H2O

Use same pre-fix method for number of hydrates

Dinitrogen Pentacarbide tetrahydrate

P4O10 8H2O

HYDROCARBONS

Alkanes are hydrocarbons with single covalent bonds formula CxH2x+2 suffix “ane.”

Alkenes are hydrocarbons with double covalent bonds CxH2x suffix “ene.”

Alkynes are hydrocarbons with triple covalent bonds formula CxH2x-2 suffix “yne.”

Prefixes for Hydrocarbons

What is the chemical formula for the following:

Butane

Butene

Butyne

An alkyne with 8 carbons

Hexene