mycotoxin booklet autumn 2013

8/14/2019 Mycotoxin Booklet Autumn 2013

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ontents PageAflatoxin in Feed Legislation 3

Ochratoxin in Feed Legislation 3

Deoxynivalenol in Feed Legislation 4

Fumonisin in Feed Legislation BH B2 4

Zearalenone in Feed Legislation 5

Aflatoxin in Food 6

Ochratoxin A in Food 7

Fumonisin in Food 7

Deoxynivalenol in Food 8

Zearalenone in Food 9

H2 2 oxin in Cereal !roduct 10

"ost im!ortant Fungi and associated mycotoxin for feed

13

#uidance on Analytical Priority for mycotoxin in various Feed $ngredientsand Com!lete Feeds

14

Further %otes 15

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Aflatoxin in Feed Legislation & Legal Limit '2((2)*2+ ommodity "aximum Level 'B,+Feed "aterials 2(!!-

Com!lete . Com!lementary feed ,(!!-

/0C/P1

Com!ound feed for mil !roducingco3s4 shee!4 goatsand young !igs !oultry4 calves and lam-s and ids5

6!!-

Com!ound feed for adult cattle shee! goats !igs !oultry 2(!!-

Ochratoxin in Feed Legislation & #uidance Limits Only' O" 2((7)687+ ommodity "aximum LevelCereals and cereal !roducts (526!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs1

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for !igs (5(6!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for !oultry (5,!!m

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Deoxynivalenol in Feed Legislation 9 #uidance Limits Only' O" 2((7)687+ ommodity "aximum LevelCereals and cereal !roducts 3ith the exce!tion of mai:e -y !roducts ;!!m

"ai:e -y&!roducts ,2!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs 3ith the exce!tion of1 6!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for !igs (5

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for calves '=> months4 lam-s and ids+ 2!!m

Fumonisin in Feed Legislation BH B2 & #uidance Limits Only' O"2((7)687+ ommodity "aximum Level"ai:e and "ai:e !roducts 7(!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs1 !igs4 horses'e?uidae+4 ra--its and !et animals 6!!m

Fish ,(!!m

Poultry4 calves '4>months4+ lam-s and ids 2(!!m

Adult ruminant '@>months+ and min 6(!!m

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Zearalenone in Feed Legislation & #uidance Limit Only' O" 2((7)687+

ommodity "aximum LevelCereals and cereal !roducts 3ith the exce!tion of mai:e -y !roducts 2!!m

"ai:e&-y !roducts *!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for !iglets and gilts 'young so3s+ (5,!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding for so3s and fattening !igs (526!!m

Com!lementary and com!lete feeding stuffs for calves4 dairy cattle and shee!

'including lam-+ and goats 'including ids+

(56!!m

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Aflatoxin in Food Legislation ,;;,)2((7 consolidated

ommodity B, "aximum Level otal ",All cereals and all !rocessed !roducts derived from cereals intendedfor direct human consum!tion ' exce!t mai:e4 rice -a-y food and

s!ecialist -a-y food +

2!!- >!!- &

"ai:e . rice to -e su-ected to sorting4 or other !hysical treatment4

-efore human consum!tion or use as an ingredient in foodstuffs

6!!- ,(!!- &

a3 mil4 heat treated mil and mil for the manufacture of mil -ased

!roducts5

(5(6!!-

Processed cereal -ased food for infants and young children (5,!!- & &

$nfant formulae and follo3&on formulae4 including infant mil and follo3&

on mil

(5(26!!-

Dietary foods for s!ecial medial !ur!oses intended s!ecifically for

infants

(5,!!- (5(26!!-

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Ochratoxin A in Food Legislation ,;;,)2((7 consolidated ommodity "aximum Leveln!rocessed cereals5 6!!-

All !roducts derived from un!rocessed cereals including !rocessed cereal !roducts

and cereal grains intended for direct human consum!tion5

*!!-

/0C/P1

Processed cereal -ased foods and -a-y foods for infants and young children (56!!-

Dietary foods for s!ecial medical !ur!oses intended s!ecifically for infants (56!!-

Fumonisin in Food Legislation 9 sum of B, and B2 ,;;,)2((7 consolidated

ommodity "aximum Leveln!rocessed mai:e ' exld un!rocessed mai:e for 3et milling+ >(((!!-

"ai:e . mai:e&-ased foods intended for direct consum!tion

/0C/P1

,(((!!-

"ai:e&-ased -reafast cereals and mai:e -ased snacs ;((!-

Processed mai:e&-ased foods and -a-y foods for infants and young children 2((!!-

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Deoxynivalenol in Food Legislation ,;;,)2((7 consolidated

ommodity "aximum Leveln!rocessed cereals 'ex5durum 3heat . mai:e+ ,26(!!-

n!rocessed durum 3heat and oats ,86(!!-

n!rocessed mai:e 'not un!rocessed mai:e for 3et milling+ ,86(!!-

Cereals for direct human consum!tion

'Cereal flour4 -ran and germ+

/0C/P1

86(!!-

Bread4 !astries4 cereal snacs . -reafast cereal 6((!!-

Processed cereal -ased -a-y . infant food 2((!!-

"illing fractions of mai:e 3ith !article si:e@6((miron 86(!!-

"illing fractions of mai:e 3ith !article si:e=6(( miron ,26(!!-

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Zearalenone in Food Legislation ,;;,)2((7 consolidated ommodity "aximum Leveln!rocessed cereals other than mai:e ,((!!-

n!rocessed mai:e 'ex5 n!rocessed mai:e for 3et milling+ *6(!!-

Cereals intended for direct human consum!tion 'cereal flour4 -ran and germ+ 86!!-

Bread4 !astries4 -iscuits4 cereal snacs and -reafast cereals 'ex5 "ai:e -ased

!roducts+

6(!!-

"ai:e4 mai:e&-ased snacs and mai:e -ased -reafast cereals ,((!!-

Processed cereal&-ased foods 'exlud5 !rocessed mai:e&-ased foods and -a-y foods

for infants and young children+

2(!!-

Processed mai:e&-ased foods for infants and young children 2(!!-

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H2 2 oxin in ereal !roduct indicative levels ' O" 2(,*),76+Cn!rocessed ereals PPBBarley 'including malting -arley+ and mai:e 2((

Oats '3ith hus+ ,(((

heat4 rye and other cereals ,((

ereal grains for direct human consum!tion PPBOats 2((

"ai:e ,((

Other Cereals 6(

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H2 2 oxin in ereal !roduct indicative levels ' O" 2(,*),76+

ereal Products for human consum!tion PPBOat -ran and flaed oats 2((

Cereal -ran 'exce!t oat -ran4 oat milling !roducts othar than

oat -ran and flaed oats4 and mai:e milling !roducts+

,((

Other cereal milling !roducts 6(

Breafast cereals including formed cereal flaes 86

Bread 'including small -aery 3ares+4 !astries4 -iscuits4 cereal

snacs4 !asta

26

Cereal&-ased foods for infants and young children ,6

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H2 2 oxin in ereal !roduct indicative levels ' O" 2(,*),76+ ereal Products for feed and com!und feed PPBOat milling !roducts 'huss+ 2(((

Other cereal !roducts 6((

Com!ound feed4 3ith the exce!tion of feed for cats 26(

%otes1One !art !er million ',!!m + is e?uivalent to one minute in t3o years5

One !art !er -illion ',!!-+ is e?uivalent to one second in *2 years5

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"ost im!ortant Fungi and associated mycotoxin for feed

Fungus "ycotoxin Found Eensitive s!eciesAs!ergillus Aflatoxin B, B2 #, #2

Ochratoxin A

Field and storage

Etorage 'tem!erate areas+

All domestic animals'Dairy Animals %B+

Pigs and Poultry

Fusariums Fumonisin B, B2 B* "ai:e Cro!s Pigs and Horses

Zearalenone Pigs and Dairy

Fusarium 'richothecene + DO%%ivalenoneH2 2 '/uro!e+

FieldFieldField and store

Pigs and Dairy

Pigs and Poultry

Clavice!s /rgot alaloids Field uminant

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#uidance on Analytical Priority for mycotoxin in various Feed $ngredients and om!lete Feeds '3ill vary de!ending on feed materialused source FDA+

ommodity Priority , Priority 2 Priority * Priority >Barley 4Oats heat andye and their -y !roducts

DO% 'vomitoxin+ Zearalenone Ochratoxin A /rgot Alaloids

Corn . corn -y !roducts Aflatoxin ) Fumonisin Zearalenone DO% Ochratoxin A

Cotton seed4 Peanuts4Eorghum and their -y

!roducts

Aflatoxin Zearalenone Ochratoxin A

ice and -y !roducts Zearalenone Fumonisin) Aflatoxin Ochratoxin A

Eoy-ean and Eoy -ean!roducts

Aflatoxin Zearalenone DO% Ochratoxin A

Horse Feed Fumonisin Aflatoxin Zearalenone DO% Ochratoxin

Pig Feed DO% Zearalenone Ochratoxin A AflatoxinFumonisin

Cattle and Poultry Aflatoxin Zearalenone Ochratoxin ADO% ) Fumonosin

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Pasture grasses4 hay4 stra3 stu--le and cereals all su!!ort the gro3th of various fungi5 hey are found in all grains andforages in varying amounts de!ending on the climatic conditions of the season5 he formation of mycotoxin in nature isconsidered to -e a glo-al !ro-lem5 "ycotoxins are !roduced -y these fungi and may have various effects on animals 3heningested5 "ycotoxin at lo3 levels can cause reduced !erformance5 hese toxins can accumulate in animal tissue and can-e transferred to human diet5 oxicity is de!endent on dose4 the animal and the !resence of other toxins5 he com!leteelimination of mycotoxin contaminated commodities is not achieva-le at this time5 $n general codes of !ractice !rovide

effective control -ut must -e ada!ted to cro! region and agronomic factors5

#"P 1 $n Field nderstand 3hat factor contri-ute to the gro3th of mycotoxin in your cro!s

"aintain ade?uate cro! rotations5

Bury trash and stu--le 3here !ossi-le5

Choose resistant varieties5

se fungicide and !esticide controls to reduce grain damage5

"inimise damage to grain during harvest and storage5

#"P1 $n #rain and Feed Businesses1 Dry and condition grain as soon as !ossi-le after harvest5

"onitor grain for infestations of insects and -uild u! of toxins5

Aerate grain regularly and monitor tem!erature and 5H

Bins4 sheds and handling e?ui!ment should -e cleaned regularly5

/m!ty -ins fully and clean do3n augurs and !its5

"aintain forage and feed stores clean ventilated and dry5

O!erate a strict store rotation !olicy for all feeds5

Deal 3ith !rofessional trusted su!!liers5

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Eam!ling1Eam!ling large lots of feed materials can increase the uncertainty factor5Large discre!ancies exist -et3een la-oratories5

Eam!le !re!aration and su- sam!ling can introduce further errors5

%ot all toxins have verifia-le test methods availa-le5

Binders1"any feed manufacturers use -inders to loc u! mycotoxin in rations5 hese 3or -y !reventing the a-sor!tion of the

toxin -y the animal5 hey do not reduce the analytical levels of the mycotoxin in the feed5 he C re!ort on -inders is a

useful reference document and may -e accessed at the follo3ing lin1

htt!1))irmm5rc5ec5euro!a5eu)html)activities)mycotoxins)/G2*

mycotoxin booklet autumn 2013

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