Mutations

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DNA

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RNA

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Pictures

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Misc

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Category 1 questions follow

Quest

ion

Identify the types of chromosome changes.

a. Topcat otpcat

b. Bluehat bluenight

c. fatcat- atcat

10Category 1

Answ

er

Identify the types of chromosome changes.

a. Topcat otpcat

Inversion - backwards

b. Bluehat bluenight

translocation- from different chromosome

c. fatcat- atcat

deletion -missing a letter

10Category 1

Quest

ion

If a nucleotide is added or removed from a DNA molecule and mRNA is created, the codons after the mutation will not be read correctly. This is called a ___________ mutation.

a. Frame shift mutation

b. Lethal

c. Point

d. More than one of these is correct

20Category 1

Answ

er

If a nucleotide is added or removed from a DNA molecule and mRNA is created, the codons after the mutation will not be read correctly. This is called a ___________ mutation.

a. Frame shift mutation

b. Lethal

c. Point

d. More than one of these is correct

20Category 1

Quest

ion

A change in a single base pair of the DNA molecule that affects the synthesis of an entire protein is called a(n) ____________________mutation

a. Chromosomal

b. Point

c. Somatic

30Category 1

Answ

erA change in a single base pair of the DNA molecule that affects the synthesis of an entire protein is called a(n) ____________________mutation

a. Chromosomal

b. Point

c. Somatic

30Category 1

Point mutations are single base changes, that do not affect the reading frame; that is, the

mutation only makes a single change in a single codon, and everything else is undisturbed.

Frameshift mutations alter the reading frame of the DNA. They come in two flavors:

• Insertion: This mutation inserts a base pair (or more) into the DNA, shifting everything to the right or left

• Deletion: This mutation deletes a base pair (or more), shifting everything the opposite direction of the insertion.

An altered reading frame will generate stop codons

Quest

ion

When parts of chromosomes are broken off and lost during mitosis or meiosis, the result is a(n) ____________________.

40Category 1

Answ

er

When parts of chromosomes are broken off and lost during mitosis or meiosis, the result is a(n) ____________________.

chromosomal mutation

40Category 1

Quest

ion

These are examples of a

A. Frame shift mutation

B. Point mutation

50Category 1

Answ

er

These are examples of a

A. Frame shift mutation

B. Point mutation

50Category 1

When talking about point mutations, it is important to remember which bases are purines (A/G) and which are pyrimidines (C/T). When a point mutation causes a purine to convert to another purine (for example, C to T), this is known as a transition. When a point mutation changes a purine to a pyrimidine, or vice versa, (i.e., A to T), this is known as a transversion.

Category 2 questions follow

Quest

ion

The backbone of DNA is composed of

a. Nitrogen base pairs

b. Hydrogen bonds

c. Deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups

d. All of these compose the backbone of DNA

10Category 2

Answ

er

The backbone of DNA is composed of

a. Nitrogen base pairs

b. Hydrogen bonds

c. Deoxyribose sugars and phosphate groups

d. All of these compose the backbone of DNA

10Category 2

Quest

ion

Watson & Crick with the information gained from

Rosalind Franklin’s research, determined that ______

a. DNA carries our genetic code

b. The shape of DNA is a double helix

c. Mendel’s punnet square can still be used today

d. All of these are correct

20

Answ

er

Watson & Crick with the information gained from

Rosalind Franklin’s research, determined that ______

a. DNA carries our genetic code

b. The shape of DNA is a double helix

c. Mendel’s punnet square can still be used today

d. All of these are correct

20Category 2

Quest

ion

DNA can be damaged by agents

called mutagens.

Examples include:

a. xrays,

b. Uv light

c. Radiation

d. All of these

30Category 2

Answ

er

DNA can be damaged by

agents called mutagens.

Examples include:

a. xrays,

b. Uv light

c. Radiation

d. All of these

30Category 2

Quest

ion

A mutation to DNA in a germ cell is different than a

somatic cell because

a. Skin mutations cause cancer

b. Germ cell mutations can be carried by offspring

c. Both are correct

40Category 2

Answ

er

A mutation to DNA in a germ cell is different

than a somatic cell because

a. Skin mutations cause cancer

b. Germ cell (gametes) mutations can be carried

by offspring

c. Both are correct

40Category 2

Quest

ion

Which is not correct?

a. Nucleotides match up in a specific sequence to carry our genetic

code

b. Nitrogen bases match with complimentary bases to copy DNA

c. The chromosome abnormality that occurs when part of one

chromosome breaks off and is added to a different chromosome is

translocation.

d. All are correct

50Category 2

Answ

er

Which is not correct?

a. Nucleotides match up in a specific sequence to carry our

genetic code

b. Nitrogen bases match with complimentary bases to copy

DNA

c. The chromosome abnormality that occurs when part of one

chromosome breaks off and is added to a different

chromosome is translocation.

d. All are correct

50Category 2

Category 3 questions follow

Quest

ion

Which is not correctly matched?

a. Translation ; mRNA proteins

b. Duplication; DNA DNA

c. Transcription; DNA mRNA

10Category 3

Answ

er

Which is not correctly matched?

a. Translation ; mRNA proteins

b. Duplication Replication; DNA DNA

c. Transcription; DNA mRNA

10Category 3

Quest

ion

An RNA molecule is a polymer composed of

subunits known as _____.

a. Nucleotides

b. Hydrogen bonds

c. Deoxyribose - phosphate bonds

20Category 3

Answ

er

An RNA molecule is a polymer composed of subunits

known as _____.

a. Nucleotides

b. Hydrogen bonds

c. Deoxyribose - phosphate bonds

20Category 3

Quest

ion

What does the string of beads

produced after the tRNA and

mRNA match up produce?

a. Amino acids

b. Proteins

c. The amino acid string forms

proteins

30Category 3

Answ

er

What does the string of beads

produced after the tRNA and

mRNA match up produce?

a. Amino acids

b. Proteins

c. The amino acid string forms

proteins

30Category 3

Quest

ion

What structures are

composed of RNA?

40Category 3

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What structures are

composed of RNA?

rRNA- Ribosome

mRNA

rRNA

40Category 3

Quest

ion

What is the overall goal

of the processes

indicated?

50Category 3

Answ

er

What is the overall goal of

the processes indicated?

Produce a protein

50Category 3

Category 4 questions follow

Quest

ion

Label the nitrogen bases

10Category 4

Answ

er

Label the nitrogen bases

A-T

G-C

10Category 4

Quest

ion

Identify a codon

20Category 4

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Circle/label a codon

a. Any 3 nitrogen bases,

connected and on one side

20Category 4

Quest

ion

Label the sugars and phosphates

30Category 4

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Sugars are 5 sided

The phosphates are circles

30Category 4

Quest

ion

Identify a nucleotide

(hint: 3 parts)

40Category 4

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Identify a nucleotide

• A phosphate

• a deoxyribose sugar,

• And 1 nitrogen base

40Category 4

Quest

ion

Where does this occur?

What process is indicated?

50Category 4

Answ

er

Where does this occur? Ribosomes

What process is indicated? Translation

50Category 4

Category 5 questions follow

Quest

ion

Which of the following can NOT be found in DNA?

a. adenine-guanine

b. Cytosine-thymine

c. Adenine-uracil

d. None of these matches occur

10Category 5

Answ

er

Which of the following nitrogen base matches can be

found in DNA?

a. adenine-guanine

b. Cytosine-thymine

c. Adenine-uracil

d. None of these matches occur

10Category 5

Quest

ion

What process is indicated?

a. Transcription

b. Translation

c. Replication

20Category 5

Answ

er

What process is indicated?

a. Transcription

b. Translation

c. Replication

20Category 5

Quest

ion

Which occurs first?

a. Translation

b. transcription

30Category 5

Answ

er

Which occurs first?

a. Translation

b. transcription

30Category 5

Quest

ion

Where can the rRNA and

tRNA be found?

a. Nucleus

b. Cytoplasm

40Category 5

Answ

er

Where can the rRNA and

tRNA be found?

a. Nucleus

b. Cytoplasm

40Category 5

Quest

ion

Which is a purine?

a. Cytosine

b. Thymine

c. adenine

50Category 5

Answ

er

Which is a purine?

a. Cytosine

b. Thymine

c. adenine

50Category 5