muscles test pwr pt
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May find this helpful to study the Head & Neck Anatomy Muscles!TRANSCRIPT
Muscles Test
Head & Neck Anatomy Dr. Shean
Oct 21, 2011
Muscles of Facial Expression
• Origin of most is on bones• Innervation of all from CN VII Facial– Exits skull via stylomastoid foramen
Sternocleidomastoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Trapezius
Trapezius
Trapezius
Frontalis
Frontalis
Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oculi
Zygomaticus Major
Zygomaticus Major
Insertion of Zygomaticus Major• Origin: Zygomatic bone• Insertion: blends with muscles
at the angle of the mouth• Action: Elevation of corner of
mouth (smile)
Zygomaticus Minor
Origin of Zygomaticus Minor• Origin: Zygomatic Bone• Insertion: Blends with orbicularis oris
muscle• Action: Elevation of upper lip, produce
nasolabial furrow
Levator Anguli Oris
Levator Anguli Oris
Origin of Levator Anguli Oris• Origin: Maxilla• Insertion: Blends with muscles at angle of
mouth.• Action: Elevation of angle of mouth
(smile).
Risorius
Risorius
Levator Labii Superioris
Levator Labii Superioris alaeque nasi
Levator Labii Superioris
Origin Levator Labii Superioris• Origin: Zygomatic bone, Maxilla• Insertion: Blends with muscles of upper lip• Action: Elevates upper lip (sneer)
Levator Labii Superioris alaeque nasi
Levator Labii Superioris alaeque nasi
Origin of Levator Labii Superioris alaeque nasi
• Origin: Maxilla• Insertion: Alar cartilage of nose, blends with
muscles of upper lip• Action: Elevation of upper lip, dilation of nostril
Orbicularis Oris
Orbicularis Oris
Depressor Anguli Oris
Depressor Anguli Oris
Origin of Depressor Anguli Oris• Origin: Mandible (body)• Insertion: Blends with muscles at
angle of the mouth• Action: Depression of angle of the
mouth (grimace)
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Depressor Labii Inferioris
Origin of Depressor Labii Inferioris• Origin: Mandible (body)• Insertion: Blends with muscles of lower
lip• Action: Depression of lower lip (pout)
Mentalis
Origin of Mentalis• Origin: Mandible• Insertion: Skin of chin• Action: Wrinkles skin of chin, raises and
protrudes upper lip
Buccinator
Buccinator
Origin of Buccinator• Origin: Pterygomandicular Raphe,
Maxilla (lateral aspect), Mandible (lateral body)
• Insertion: Blends with muscles at angle of mouth
• Action: Compression of cheek (inflating a balloon, playing a wind musical instrument)
• Innervation: CN VII Facial Nerve
Platysma
Platysma
Insertion of Platysma• Origin: Fascia of Thorax & upper neck• Insertion: Mandible (lower border), skin &
fascia of lower face, blends with muscles of lower lip & angle of mouth.
• Action: Elevates & creases skin of neck (look of “horror”), depression of lower lip & angle of mouth
Muscles of Mastication
• All work on TMJ• Mandibular movements =
elevation/depression, protrusion/retraction, lateral deviation
• All innervated by CN V (3rd branch) : Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal Nerve
Masseter
Origin of Masseter• Origin: Zygomatic Arch• Insertion: Mandible (External surface of
Angle & Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (closing
mouth)
Insertion of Massetter• Origin: Zygomatic Arch• Insertion: Mandible (External
surface of Angle & Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible
(closing mouth)
Temporalis
Origin of Temporalis• Origin: Temporal Fossa• Insertion: Mandible (Coronoid process &
Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (close
mouth)
Insertion of Temporalis• Origin: Temporal Fossa• Insertion: Mandible (Coronoid process &
Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (close mouth)
Medial Pterygoid
Origin of Medial Pterygoid • Origin: Sphenoid bone (lateral Pterygoid
plate)• Insertion: Mandible (medial surface of angle
& Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (closing
mouth)
Origin of Medial Pterygoid • Origin: Sphenoid bone (lateral Pterygoid
plate)• Insertion: Mandible (medial surface of angle
& Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (closing
mouth)
Origin of Medial Pterygoid • Origin: Sphenoid bone (lateral Pterygoid
plate)• Insertion: Mandible (medial surface of angle
& Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (closing
mouth)
Insertion of Medial Pterygoid• Origin: Sphenoid bone (lateral Pterygoid
plate)• Insertion: Mandible (medial surface of
angle & Ramus)• Action: Elevation of Mandible (closing
mouth)
Lateral Pterygoid
Origin of Lateral Pterygoid• Origin: Spehoid bone (Greater wing &
lateral Pterygoid plate)• Insertion: Mandible (neck) & Articular disc
of TMJ• Action: Protrusion of Mandible
Origin of Lateral Pterygoid• Origin: Spehoid bone (Greater wing & lateral
Pterygoid plate)• Insertion: Mandible (neck) & Articular disc of
TMJ• Action: Protrusion of Mandible
Insertion of Lateral Pterygoid• Origin: Spehoid bone (Greater wing & lateral
Pterygoid plate)• Insertion: Mandible (neck) & Articular disc of
TMJ• Action: Protrusion of Mandible
• REMEMBER THAT THE LATERAL PTERYGOID HAS 2 HEADS: SUPERIOR & INFERIOR HEAD (SEE NOTES)
Hyoid Muscles
• Origins & insertions can be derived mostly from the names
Mylohyoid• SUPRAHYOID• Origin: Mandible (inner aspect of
body)• Insertion: Hyoid bone• Action: Elevation of floor of
mouth• Innervation: Mylohyoid nerve
(branch of Mandibular branch of Trigeminal Nerve CN V 3rd branch)
Insertion of Mylohyoid• SUPRAHYOID• Origin: Mandible (inner aspect of
body)• Insertion: Hyoid bone• Action: Elevation of floor of
mouth• Innervation: Mylohyoid nerve
(branch of Mandibular branch of Trigeminal Nerve CN V 3rd branch)
Digastric Muscle• SUPRAHYOID• Innervation Ant. Belly:
Mylohyoid Nerve ( branch of Mandibular Branch of Trigeminal Nerve)
• Innervation Posterior Belly: Facial Nerve CN VII
Stylohyoid• SUPRAHYOID• Innervation: Facial Nerve CN VII
Geniohyoid• SUPRAHYOID• Origin: Genial tubercles inside of
mandible (mental region)
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid• Infrahyoid• Muscle has 2 bellies (superior &
inferior) joined by intermediate tendon attached to clavicle by fascia
• Innervation (EX CREDIT): Ventral Rami of C 1-3 spinal nerves (cervical nerves/plexus)
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid• Infrahyoid• Innervation (EX CRED): ventral
rami C 1-3 (Cervical nerves/plexus)
Thyrohyoid• Infrahyoid• Innervation (EX CRED): Ventral
Ramus of C1 Spinal Nerve (Cervical nerves/plexus)
Thryohyoid
Tongue Muscles
• Origins & Insertions mostly obvious from names
• ALL innervated by CN XII Hypoglossal Nerve• Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Tongue Muscles
Intrinsic Tongue Muscles• Longitudinal• Transverse• Vertical
Styloglossus
Genioglossus
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Stylopharyngeus• Innervation: Gossopharyngeal CN IX
Superior/Middle/Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor
• Innervation: Pharyngeal Plexus– VAGUS NERVE??? CN X ???
• Action: Produce a wave of contraction (peristalsis) during swallowing
• Origin: – Pterygomandibular Raphe (Sup.)– Hyoid bone (Mid.)– Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages of Larynx
(Inf.)
• Insertion: Post. Midline Raphe, Base of skull (sup. Constrictor)
Palatoglossus
• Action: Elevates & Arches tongue, depressing soft palate toward tongue
• If you found a good pic besides one out of the book (don’t have a scanner) then feel free to share!
• OR Label this pic right here, I’m not sure which part it is.
Palatopharyngeus• Action: Moves palate posteroinferiorly
& posterior pharyngeal wall anterosuperiorly
Levator veli palatini• Raies soft palate to contact the psoterior
pharyngeal wall
Tensor veli palatini• Tenses & slightly lowers soft palate