mukti jadav report
TRANSCRIPT
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A
Summ er Training ReportOn
A STUDY OF ABSENTEESIM OF EMPLOYEESUNDERTAKEN AT
BARODA DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE
MILK PRODUCERS UNION LIMITED
Submitted to
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DECLARATION
I, Mukti Jadav hereby declare that all the information given in this project
report is true and correct to the best of my knowledge.
I am also declaring that all the work in this project is done by me and not copied from
anywhere.
Date: MUKTI JADAV
Place:
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PREFACE
There is a famous saying The theory without practical is lame and
practical without theory is blind.
Absenteeism is a serious workplace problem and an expensive
occurrence for both employers and employees seems unpredictable in nature.
Human resource is an important part of any business and managing them
is an important task.
Summer training is an integral part of the PGDM and student ofManagement have to undergo training session in a business organization for 6
weeks to gain practical knowledge in their specialization and to gain some
working experience.
Our institution has come forward with the opportunity to bridge the gap by
imparting modern scientific management principle underlying the concept of the
future prospective managers.
To the emphasis on practical aspect of management education the faculty
of SIGMA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES has with a modern system
of practical training of repute and following management technique to the
student as integral part of PGDM. In accordance with the above obligation
under going project in BARODA DAIRY. The title of my project is
Absenteeism of Employee
Certainly this analysis explores my abilities and strength to its fullest
extent for the achievement of organization as well as my personal
MUKTI JADAV
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgement is an art, one can write glib stanzas without meaning a word, on the
other hand one can make a simple expression of gratitude
Industrial training is an integral part of any PGDM program and for that purposes
I had joined a private pharmaceutical company name BARODA DAIRY
I take the opportunity to express my gratitude to all of them who in some
or other way helped me to accomplish this challenging project in BARODA
DAIRY. No amount of written expression is sufficient to show my deepest senseof gratitude to them.
I am extremely thankful and pay my gratitude to Prof. Rahul Desai for
his valuable guidance and support on completion of this project in its presently.
I am greatly obliged to Mr.Alok desai, training officerBARODA DAIRY
who accommodated me for training in this esteemed organization.
A special appreciative Thank you in accorded to all staff of BARODA
DAIRY, for their positive support.
I also acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my gratitude towards
my parents and member of my family, who has always supported me morally as
well as economically.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The report consists of the details on Baroda District Co-operative Milk Producers
Union Ltd. It is a co-operative society. The main aim of it is the welfare of the society by
providing quality milk to its consumers at an affordable price.
It has various functional departments such as the Production, Human Resource,
Finance, Marketing, Purchase and Stores, Quality Assurance, Dispatch and Logistics. A
detail study of all these departments have been made so as to get a clear view of the
working of each of them.
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CONTENT
SR NO. PERTICULARS PAGE NO.
1. General information 7
2. About company 9
Company profile
Research & Development
Other information
3. Introduction 17
Reason to Choose this Project
Absenteeism
Measurement of Absenteeism
Peculiar Features of Absenteeism
Cause of Absenteeism
Effect of Absenteeism on Industrial Progress
Analysis of Causes
Absenteeism Types & Their Control
Guidelines & Measures for Control of Absenteeism
The BRADFORD FACTOR & Absenteeism
4. Research Methodology 52
Objectives
Limitations of the Study
5. Analysis & Interpretation 54
6. Conclusion & Suggestion 66
7. Questionnaire 67
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General Information
Introduction:
The dairy sector in the India has shown remarkable development in the past
decade and India has now become one of the largest producers of milk and value-
added milk products in the world. The dairy sector has developed through co-operatives
in many parts of the State. During 1997-98, the State had 60 milk processing plants with
an aggregate processing capacity of 5.8 million liters per day. In addition to these
processing plants, 123 Government and 33 co-operatives milk chilling centers operate
in the State.
Indian dairy industry:
Dairy is a place where handling of milk and milk products is done and technology
refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. Dairy technology
has been defined as that branch of dairy science, which deals with the processing of
milk and the manufacture of milk products on an industrial scale.
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NATIONAL DAIRY DEVELOPMENT BOARD
National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was founded to replace...
Exploitation with empowerment,
Tradition with modernity,
Stagnation with growth,
An instrument for the development of Indias rural transforming dairying into an
instrument for the development of Indias rural people.
Prior to NDDB, the milk market was vastly governed by local private dairy and
these dairies were neither producing milk nor they were animal breeders and hence law
of demand and supply was unheard by those whose intentions were purely to make
more money from both the sides that is from producers of milk (farmers) and
consumers at large. Establishment of NDDB broke that spell and traders were side lined
in due course.
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About the Company
The Baroda District Cooperative Milk Producers' Union Ltd.
Baroda Dairy is a prestigious popular co-operative organization of farmers of
Vadodara District, providing good quality milk to the people of Sayaji Nagari since Last
52 Years. Baroda Dairy is a one of the leading dairies in INDIA having turnover of
Rs.4000 Million(2008-09) and has a 1300 member milk cooperative societies(2008-09),
800 Milk centers for distribution and sales of Milk, 500 Retailers for sales of milk
products and 1300 dedicated employees. The mission is to help farmers of the district to
grow & improve life style of rural people.
Introduction:
Baroda District lies in the centre of Gujarat, a state of Western India, well-known
for co-operative dairying. Baroda District co-operative Milk Producers union Ltd. Is the
full name of Baroda dairy. As the name suggests that it is a co-operative union. The
company is engaged in the production of milk, flavored milk, butter and ghee, butter
milk. The company also produces a wide variety of ice-cream, shrikhand, and many
sweets through Sugam unit, a subsidiary of Baroda dairy.
The plant is situated in Makarpura area, in the center of the city. The plants of
Baroda dairy are fully equipped with latest technology and modern facilities. Baroda
dairy always work for welfare of society.
Objective:
The Milk Union was established on 24th December 1957 with a view to relieve the
milk producers by the private milk venders and to give proper remuneration to them and
to supply good milk to the citizens of Baroda City.
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Foundation of Dairy
With the view to relieve the milk producer from the exploitation by the private
vendors, and to give a remunerative price for their milk and to supply good quality of
milk to the citizen of Baroda city, the milk union was established on 24th December,
1957.
The milk union got guidance and help in all respect from the Neighboring milk
union of "Amul" especially from the Founder Chairman of "Amul", Shri T.K. Patel and
then the general manager, Dr.V.Kurien who supported and guided the Baroda Milk
Union. This union has strong leadership of Shri Maganbhai Patel, Founder Chairman
and Shri Jashvantlal Shah, Deputy Minister in the then state of Bombay. Under their
dynamic leadership the foundation stone of this union was laid.
First six milk co-operative societies became founder members of this union from
where the milk was brought for distribution, but, in the absence of adequate facilities for
chilling and pasteurization it was thought best to postpone the rural milk collection. In
turn, pasteurized hygienic milk from Amul Milk Union was brought for distribution to the
consumers of the Baroda city.
The foundation stone of 50,000 LPD Dairy Plant was laid on 24th
August 1962, by
Shri T.K. Patel, the Doyen of the Co-operative Dairy Movement in Gujarat. In the year
1963-64 milk distribution through 21 Distribution centers were started in an organized
way.
In the year 1964-65, the union started its milk procurement from 120 milk co-
operative societies. The dairy plant commissioned on25th April, 1965, was inaugurated
by Shri Morarjibhai Desai, the then Finance Minister, and Government of India. Under
the milk distribution system, pasteurized milk in the bottles was supplied to the city
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consumers. The bottling plant was set by UNICEF in collaboration with CARE to supply
the reconstitutes milk to school children on matching contribution basis.
Vision and Mission:
Baroda Dairy is a Co-operative society and it is not just a profit making unit but to
serve the better worth to society. The main mission of the Baroda dairy is to assure and
safeguard the interest of the both nominal consumer of milk in city area and supplier of
rural areas. And for this the Baroda Dairy deals according to provide BEST QUALITY
product at REASONALBE PRICE to their customers
COMPANY PROFILE:
UNIT NAME: Baroda District Co-operative Milk Producers Union Ltd.
FORM OF ORGANIZATION: Co-operative Sector
YEAR OF ESTABLISHMENT: 24th December, 1957
REGISTERED OFFICE: Baroda dairy,
Makarpura Road,
Opp/ ONGC Regional office,
BARODA
SIZE OF THE UNIT: Large Scale Industry
REGESTERED OFFICE NO.: Rg. No. D 4/57
TOTAL UNITS: Baroda Dairy Baroda
Sugam Unit baroda
Cattle Feed Category Itola
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Milk Chilling Centre Bodeli
Veterinary Sub Unit SavliVeterinary Sub Unit Dabhoi
MAN POWER: Permanent: 1378
Temporary: 475
Current Expansions:
The dairy has started manufacturing bottled mineral water. Water from the river
Narmada will be used for manufacturing mineral water, which will be marketed in bottles
and pouches. A 12-km pipeline has been laid to pump water from the Narmada. The
dairy has already got 90% subsidy from the Centre for the project. The project name is
NARMADA NEER.
Future Expansions:
Baroda Dairy, run by Baroda District Milk Cooperative Union, is all set to ventureinto manufacturing of tomato ketchup. The dairy has decided to take up a green field
project for setting up a tomato ketchup manufacturing facility in central Gujarat. The
dairy also plans to market the product at a later stage.
Baroda dairy is currently giving final touches to the project report. According to
top officials of the dairy, the proposed plant will come up in the Bodeli area. Around Rs
7-8 crore would be required to set up the new unit, for which the dairy has already
acquired land. "Bodeli is an ideal location for such a plant as its surrounding area such a
Chhota Udaipur, Pavijetpur and Sankeda grow tomatoes on a large scale. Tomatoes
will be procured from these areas, according to the dairy officials.
Baroda Dairy is also going to introduce Idli-Dhosa centre after the success of
Pizza. As per the latest news given in the local news paper dated 8th June, 2010 that
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Baroda Dairy has increased its turnover with Rs.62 crores. And also with the
expenditure of Rs.20 crores, the Dairy will launch a new plant with the capacity of 7
LAKH LITRES.
Present Products Mix:
Baroda Dairy is a unique place processing several products from the basic raw-
material i.e. Milk, These products are as under and are immensely popular in and
around city of Baroda.
Milk
Butter Milk(Chhash)
Curd
Flavoured Milk
Butter
Cheese
Paneer
Ghee
Rajwadi Kadhi
Thickshake
Dry Sweets
Ice-cream
Pizza
Shrikhand
Environment Policy:
We are committed to protect and preserve natural Environment for social welfare
and co-existence. Baroda Dairy, A leading co-operative organization is engaged in
manufacturing and marketing of milk and milk products in India and abroad.
FOLLOWING ARE THE PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Control our plant operations to prevent pollution.
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A high level of plant and personnel hygiene and housekeeping is maintained to
avoid any cross contamination. The housekeeping audits are conducted periodically
and employees are motivated to participate in good Housekeeping Competitions.
The dairy develops and maintains lawn and trees on open land within the
premises. Baroda Dairy now, looks forward to implement ISO-14001:1996
Environmental management System with the objective to prevent pollution and protect
environment through proper Management and control of its activities, products and
services.
Achievements:
Achievement of holding ISO 9002 HACCP 9000 certificate.
National Productivity Award for the best Productivity.
Jamnalal Bajaj Award in 1994-1995.
Award forgood housekeeping at state level.
Baroda Dairy was second achieving the award in Horticulture.
Received International recognition ISO 14001 Certificate for the maintenance
of Natural Environment.
Received second Prize forminimum accidents among drugs
pharmaceuticals food and dairy Industry.
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Human Resource
Department
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INTRODUCTION
There is a well versed Quote saying that Employees are the assets of any
organization Which depicts that they are most important tool of organization. Thus to
maintain them for the organization, Personnel department (Human Resource
Department) is kept for the well being of employees.
The function of Human Resource Department can be seen in each and every
department of any organization. Thus it can be easily said that The Human Resource
Department is the heart of any organization. The function of Human Resource
Management is to manage the people working in the organization. It mainly focused on
the intrapersonal relationship and interpersonal relationship of employees.
Human Resource Management in simple words means planning, organizing,
directing and controlling of procurement, recruitment, selection, training and
development, compensation, integration, maintenance, appraisal, allocation and
separation of Human Resources
Thus, Human Resource Management refers to set of programme, functions andactivities designed and carried out in order to MAXIMIZE the employees as well as
organizational efficiency and effectiveness.
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Human Resource Management at Baroda Dairy
Baroda Dairy is one of the leading Dairy It shares collaborative and friendly
relationship with preferred partners, employees, consumers and other workers involved
to it. It maintains a transparency in handling the above relations and stick to its
standards.
The HRM function or Personnel department function in Baroda Dairy is indeed
vast. All major activities since working of a worker from the time of his/her selection into an organization until he/she resigns or get retired or leave job for any reason comes
under the preview of HRM.
The HR planning in Dairy is very smooth and transparent. It made Baroda Dairy
a HUGE BIG Family of approximately 1400 employees. In Baroda Dairy major attention
is given on the welfare and Safety of employees. They are also given different kind of
incentives to increase their production effectiveness.
Dairy also focuses on developing human value and potential through various
bearing and development activities and provide favorable atmosphere. All these
functions are performed by HR in Baroda Dairy.
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ORGANOGRAM OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
GENERAL MANAGER (P&A)
MANAGER
(PERSONNEL)
MANAGER
TIME KEEPING
MANAGER
(ADMIN)
SUPERINTENDENT
(TELEPHONE)
OFFICER OFFICER SR. OFFICEROFFICER
JR. OFFICER JR. OFFICER JR. OFFICER
SR. EXECUTIVE SR. EXECUTIVESR.EXECUTIVE
JR. ASSISTANT JR. ASSISTENT
TIME KEEPER
JR.ASSISTANT
(ADMIN)
MANAGING DIRECTOR
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Human Resource Is Divided Into Different Parts
The HR in Baroda Dairy in mainly divided into four sections:
Personnel Department
Recruitment, selection, training, industrial relations, negotiation with Union
etc.
Administration Department
Its handles canteen, security, welfare facilities, safety, Any theft or loss,
Absenteeism , events, AGM meeting organizing, licensing work, hygiene of
various dept, etc.
Time Keeping Department
It handles salary & wages, records of employees, provides benefit of
statutory, ESS, Form fill up, punching System, provident fund, ESI etc.
Telephone Department & Computer Department
Maintains the connection of each department and provides facility of CUG to
each employee to remain in contact while doing work. So that if any query or
problem occur they can contact each other easily. Computer system handles
the whole MIS in Baroda Dairy.
Trade Union in Dairy
Trade unions are the voluntary collective group of employees or employers
formed to promote and convey their interest through collective actions to the
organization.
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At Baroda dairy, there are two unions. One for the workers & another for officers which
are working for the following:-
1. BARODA DAIRY TRADE UNION:- ( FOR OFFICER)
2. RASTRIYA MAJDOOR UNION:- ( FOR WORKERS)
To get adequate bonus
Strive for better working condition.
To secure better pay scale for employees in keeping with the prevailing
standards of living in the country.
To work for welfare and development of workers educational facilities and group
benefit scheme for them.
Recruitment
Recruitment is a process of searching for prospective employees & stimulating
them to apply for the job in the org. Recruitment of an employee is done on the bases of
Human Resource Planning carried by Baroda dairy Mgt. At Baroda dairy recruitment is
done through both sources i.e. internal as well as external sources.
Internal Recruitment:
Recruiting employees internally like promotion, transfers, etc.
External Recruitment:
Recruiting employees form job portals, employment exchange, campus interview,
advertisements. Dairy uses External source of recruitment mostly.
Selection
Selection procedure includes the selecting Right candidate, at Right time, for
right job. It is as follows:
Application form
Bio-data analysis
Short-listing.
Interviews
References/security screening
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Ability tests
Aptitude, intelligence and personality
Work experience/short term contracts
Medical checkups.
Placement/Appointment.
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REASON TO CHOOSE THE PROJECT
When I joined the training at BARODA DAIRY, I have selected the
project of ABSENTEEISM OF EMPLOYEES. Initially it appeared to me quite a
simple project, but as I started working on it only then I understood its real
significance. Absentism is a very serious term for employees as well as
employers. Employees will get monetarily reward in terms of salary and
employer will get output for production purpose individually.
It is often easier for the organizations to make arrangement to cover
staffs, which are going to be off for long periods. However, employees taking
odd days off here and there are more problematic, can have an immediate
impact.
If remain unchecked, this type of absence can send out the wrong
signals to colleagues who, in some jobs, are likely to have to cover for those
absent. If employers fail to take action, a Baggins turn mentality may emerge.
Frequent absence may have serious repercussions where staff are employed in
customer-facing roles or employed on production lines. The impact of absence
may be most directly felt and the need to arrange cover at short notice may be
paramount.
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ABSENTEEISM
CONCEPT OF ABSENTEEISM
It refers to workers absence from their regular task when he is normally
schedule to work. The according to Websters dictionary
Absenteeism is the practice or habit of being an absentee and an
absentee is one who habitually stays away from work.
According to Labor Bureau of Shimla: - Absenteeism is the total man
shifts lost because of absence as percentage of total number of man shifts
scheduled to work.
In other words, it signifies the absence of an employee from work when
he is scheduled to be at work. Any employee may stay away from work if he
has taken leave to which he is entitled or on ground of sickness or some
accident or without any previous sanction of leave. Thus absence may be
authorized or unauthorized, willful or caused by circumstances beyond ones
control.
Maybe even worse than absenteeism, it is obvious that people such as
malingerers and those unwilling to play their part in the workplace can also
have a decidedly negative impact.
Such team members need individual attention from frontline supervisors
and management.
Indeed, as prevention is better than cure, where such a problem occurs,
it is always important to review recruitment procedures to identify how such
individuals came to be employed in the first place.
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For any business owner or manager, to cure excessive absenteeism, it is
essential to find and then eliminate the causes of discontent among team
members.
If they find their supervisor or job unpleasant - really unpleasant - they
look for legitimate excuses to stay home and find them with things such as
upset stomachs or splitting headaches.
Any effective absentee control program has to locate the causes of
discontent and modify those causes or eliminate them entirely. In other words,
if we deal with the real reasons team members stay home it can become
unnecessary for them to stay away.
Any investigation into absenteeism needs to look at the real reasons for
it. Sometimes team members call in sick when they really do not want to go to
work. They would not call you up and say, Im not coming in today because my
supervisor abuses me.
Or, Im not coming in today because my chair is uncomfortable. Or, Im
not coming in today because the bathrooms are so filthy; it makes me sick towalk into them.
There are a few essential questions to consider at the outset if you want
to make a measurable improvement to your absenteeism figures.
Why is your present absenteeism policy ineffective?
Where and when is excessive absenteeism occurring? In many cases,
under- trained supervisors could be a contributing factor.
What are the real causes for absences?
It is commonly expected that low pay, poor benefits and high workloads
will be the major causes.
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However, in numerous employee surveys absenteeism generally has
been identified as a symptom of low job satisfaction, sub-standard working
conditions and consistent negative and unfair treatment received by first-line
supervisors.
How much formal training have your supervisors received on
absenteeism containment and reduction? If your answer is none or very little,
maybe you have found the solution.
As with every other element within your organization, you cannot ask a
person to do a job he or she has never been trained to do.
Many human resources specialists have found that repetitive, boring jobs
coupled with uncaring supervisors and/or physically unpleasant workplaces are
likely to lead workers to make up excuses for not coming to work.
If your team members perceive that your company is indifferent to their
needs, they are less likely to be motivated, or even to clock on at all.
One way to determine the causes of absenteeism is to question your
supervisors about excessive absenteeism, including what causes it and how to
reduce it.
Of course, if your supervisors have made no efforts to get to know the
team members in their respective departments, they may not be able to provide
reasons.
However, just the act of questioning may get the ball rolling and signal to
your supervisors that their involvement is important.
Once a manager finds the real reasons for absenteeism there is another
important step. Through open communication, you need to change the team
members way of reacting and responding to discontent.
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Other problems will no doubt arise in the future. If the way of responding
has not been reviewed, then the same cycle is likely to start all over again.
So often absenteeism problems can be sheeted back to the supervisor
level and to unsatisfactory working conditions. Without improvement in these
areas, you can expect your high rate of absenteeism to continue.
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PECULIAR FEATURES OF ABSENTEEISM
On the basis of studies undertaken certain observations may be made:
1. The rate of absenteeism is lowest on payday; it increases considerably on
the days following the payment of wages and bonus. The level of
absenteeism is comparatively high immediately after payday. When worker
either feel like having a good time or in some other cases return home to
their villages family and after a holiday, has also been found to be higher
than that on normal days.
2. Absenteeism is generally high workers below 25 years of age and those
above 40. The younger employees are not regular and punctual.
Presumably because of the employment of a large no. of new comers
among the younger age groups, while the older people are not able to
withstand the strenuous nature of the work.
3. The percentage of absenteeism is higher in the night shift than in the day
shift. This is so because workers in the night shift experience great
discomfort and uneasiness in the course of their work than they do during
day time.
4. Absenteeism in India is seasonal in character. It is the highest during
March-April-May, when land has to be prepared for monsoon, sowing andalso in harvest season (Sept-Oct) when the rate goes as high as 40%.
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CAUSES OF ABSENTEEISM
The Royal Commission Labor observed that high absenteeism among
Indian labor is due to rural orientation and their frequent urge for rural exodus.
According to Acharaya In modern industrial establishment the incidence of
industrial fatigue, mal nutrition and bad working conditions aggravate that
feeling for change among industrial worker and some time impel them to visit
their village home frequently for rest and relaxation.
The general cause of absenteeism may be summarized as below:-
MAL ADJUSTMENT WITH FACTORY
In factory the worker finds caught within factory walls, he is bewildered by
heavy traffic, by strangers speaking different and subjected to strict discipline
and is ordered by complete strangers to do things which he cannot understand.
As a result he is under constant strain, which cause him serious distress and
impairs his efficiency. All these factors tend to persuade him to maintain his
contacts with village.
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES
Social and religious ceremonies divert workers from workers to social
activities. In large number of cases incidence of absenteeism due to religious
ceremonies is more than due to any other reason.
HOUSING CONDITION
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Workers also experience housing difficulties. Around 95% of housing
occupied by industrial workers in India is unsatisfactory for healthful
habitations. This leads to loss the interest in work.
INDUSTRIAL FATIGUE
Low wages compel a worker to seek some part time job to earn some
side income. This often result inconstant fatigue, which compels to remain
absent for next day.
UNHEALTY WORKING CONDITION
Irritating and intolerable working conditions exist in a factory. Heat,
moisture, noise, vibration, bad lighting, dust fumes and overcrowding all these
affect the workers health causing him to remain absent from work a long time.
ABSENCE OF ADEQUATE WELFARE ACTIVITIES
High rate absenteeism is also due to lack of adequate welfare facilities
Welfare activities include clean drinking water, canteen, room shelter, rest
rooms, washing and bathing facilities, first aid appliances etc.
ALCOHOLISM
Some of the habitual drunkards spend whole of their salary during first
week of each month for drinking purpose. Therefore 2 or 3 weeks after getting
their salary absent themselves from their work.
INDEBTNESS
All those workers who undergo financial hardships usually borrow money
lenders at interest rate which are very high, which often cumulates to more than
11 12 times their actual salaries. To avoid the moneylenders they usually
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absent themselves from work because they are unable to return the money in
stipulated time.
IMPROPER & UNREALISTIC PERSONNEL POLICIES
Due to favoritism and nepotism which are in the industry the workers
generally become frustrated. This also results in low efficiency, low productivity,
unfavourable relationship between employee and supervisor, which in turn leads
to long period of absenteeism.
INADEQUATE LEAVE FACILITIES
Negligence on part of the employee to provide leave facility compel the worker
to fall back on ESI leave. They are entitled to 50 days leave on half on pay.
Instead of going without pay the worker avail themselves of ESI facility
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EFFECTS OF ABSENTEEISM ON INDUSTRIAL
PROGRESS
It is quite evident from the above figures that absenteeism is a common
feature of industrial labor in India. It hinders industrial growth and its effect in
two fold.
1) LOSS TO WORKER
Firstly due to the habit of being absenting frequently workers income is
reduced to a large extent. It is because there is a general principle of no work
no pay. Thus the time lost in terms of absenteeism is a loss of income to
workers
2) LOSS TO EMPLOYERS
On other hand, the employer has to suffer a greater loss due to absentees.
It disturbs the efficiency and discipline of industries consequently, industrial
production is reduced. In order to meet the emergency and strikes, an additional
labour force is also maintain by the industries. On certain occasions, those
workers are employed who present themselves at factory gates. During strikes
they are adjusted in place of absent workers. Their adjustment brings serious
complications because such workers do not generally prove themselves up to
work. Higher absenteeism is an evil both for workers and the employers and
ultimately it adversely affects the production of industries.
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ANALYSIS OF CAUSES
1) FAMILY ORIENTED & RESPONSIBILITES
It was observed that about 40% case absenteeism is family oriented
and more responsibilities of workers. It increases in harvesting season.
2) SOCIAL CEREMONIES
In 20 % cases it was found that social and religious functions divert
worker from work.
3) HOUSING FACILITY
In about 30% cases, the workers remain absent because there is no
housing facilities and the workers stay alone and great distance from factory.
4) SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT
In 20% case the workers remain absent due to ill health and disease and
in 15% cases workers remain absent due to accident.
5) TRANSPORTATION
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Most of the workers have to travel long distance to reach the work place.
Most of the workers are not satisfied with transport facilities.
6) WELFARE FACILITES
In 13% cases, the workers are not satisfied with welfare facilities.
7) WORKING CONDITIONS
In 21% cases, the workers feel that there is not good working
condition, because they work in standing position which causes to remain
absence for relaxation.
8) MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Near about 34% people are dissatisfied with management system
because they feel that their work is not being recognized and promotions are
biased.
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ABSENTEEISM - TYPES & THEIR CONTROL
There are two types of absenteeism, each of which requires a
different type of approach.
1. INNOCENT ABSENTEEISM
Innocent absenteeism refers to employees who are absent for
reasons beyond their control; like sickness and injury. Innocent absenteeism is
not culpable which means that it is blameless. In a labor relations context this
means that it cannot be remedied or treated by disciplinary measures.
2. CULPABLE ABSENTEEISM
Culpable absenteeism refers to employees who are absent without
authorization for reasons which are within their control. For instance, an
employee who is on sick leave even though he/she is not sick, and it can be
proven that the employee was not sick, is guilty of culpable absenteeism. To be
culpable is to be blameworthy. In a labor relations context this means that
progressive discipline can be applied.
For the large majority of employees, absenteeism is legitimate,
innocent absenteeism which occurs infrequently. Procedures for disciplinary
action apply only to culpable absenteeism. Many organizations take the view
that through the process of individual absentee counseling and treatment, the
majority of employees will overcome their problems and return to an acceptable
level of regular attendance.
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COUNSELLING INNOCENT ABSENTEEISM
Innocent absenteeism is not blameworthy and therefore disciplinary
action is not justified. It is obviously unfair to punish someone for conduct which
is beyond his/her control. Absenteeism, no matter what the cause, imposes
losses on the employer who is also not at fault. The damage suffered by the
employer must be weighed against the employee's right to be sick. There is a
point at which the employer's right to expect the employee to attend regularly
and fulfill the employment contract will outweigh the employee's right to be sick.
At such a point the termination of the employee may be justified, as will be
discussed.
The procedure an employer may take for innocent absenteeism is as follows:
1. Initial counseling(s)
2. Written counseling(s)
3. Reduction(s) of hours and/or job reclassification
4. Discharge
Initial Counseling
Presuming you have communicated attendance expectations generally
and have already identified an employee as a problem, you will have met withhim or her as part of your attendance program and you should now continue to
monitor the effect of these efforts on his or her attendance.
If the absences are intermittent, meet with the employee each time
he/she returns to work. If absence is prolonged, keep in touch with the employee
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regularly and stay updated on the status of his/her condition. (Indicate your
willingness to assist.)
You may require the employee to provide you with regular medical
assessments. This will enable you to judge whether or not there is any likelihood
of the employee providing regular attendance in future. Regular medical
assessments will also give you an idea of what steps the employee is taking to
seek medical or other assistance. Formal meetings in which verbal warnings are
given should be given as appropriate and documented. If no improvement
occurs written warning may be necessary.
Written Counseling
If the absences persist, you should meet with the employee formally
and provide him/her with a letter of concern. If the absenteeism still continues to
persist then the employee should be given a second letter of concern during
another formal meeting. This letter would be stronger worded in that it would
warn the employee that unless attendance improves, termination may benecessary.
Reduction(S) of Hours and or Job Reclassification
In between the first and second letters the employee may be given the
option to reduce his/her hours to better fit his/her personal circumstances. This
option must be voluntarily accepted by the employee and cannot be offered as
an ultimatum, as a reduction in hours is a reduction in pay and therefore can belooked upon as discipline.
If the nature of the illness or injury is such that the employee is unable to fulfill
the requirements of his/her job, but could for example benefit from modified
work, counsel the employee to bid on jobs of such type if they become available.
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(N.B. It is inadvisable to "build" a job around an employee's incapacitates
particularly in a unionized environment. The onus should be on the employee to
apply for an existing position within his/her capabilities.)
Discharge
Only when all the previously noted needs and conditions have been
met and everything has been done to accommodate the employee can
termination be considered. An Arbitrator would consider the following in ruling
on an innocent absenteeism dismissal case.
a) Has the employee done everything possible to regain their health and
return to work?
b) Has the employer provided every assistance possible? (i.e. counseling,
support, time off.)
c) Has the employer informed the employee of the unworkable situation
resulting from their sickness?
d) Has the employer attempted to accommodate the employee by offering amore suitable position (if available) or a reduction of hours?
e) Has enough time elapsed to allow for every possible chance of recovery?
f) Has the employer treated the employee prejudicially in any way?
As is evident, a great deal of time and effort must elapse before dismissal
can take place.
These points would be used to substantiate or disprove the following two foldtest.
1. The absences must be shown to be clearly excessive.
2. It must be proven that the employee will be unable to attend work on a
regular basis in the future.
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CORRECTIVE ACTION FOR CULPABLE
ABSENTEEISM
As already indicated, culpable absenteeism consists of absences
where it can be demonstrated that the employee is not actually ill and is able to
improve his/her attendance.
Presuming you have communicated attendance expectations
generally, have identified the employee as a problem, have met with him/her aspart of your attendance program, made your concerns on his specific
absenteeism known and have offered counseling as appropriate, with no
improvement despite your positive efforts, disciplinary procedures may be
appropriate.
The procedures for corrective/progressive discipline for culpable
absenteeism are generally the same as for other progressive discipline
problems. The discipline should not be prejudicial in any way. The general
procedure is as follows: [Utilizing counseling memorandum]
1. Initial Warning(s)
2. Written Warning(s)
3. Suspension(s)
4. Discharge
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Verbal Warning
Formally meet with the employee and explain that income protection
is to be used only when an employee is legitimately ill. Advice the employee that
his/her attendance record must improve and be maintained at an improved level
or further disciplinary action will result. Offer any counseling or guidance as is
appropriate. Give further verbal warnings as required. Review the employee's
income protection records at regular intervals. Where a marked improvement
has been shown, commend the employee. Where there is no improvement a
written warning should be issued.
Written Warning
Interview the employee again. Show him/her the statistics and point
out that there has been no noticeable (or sufficient) improvement. Listen to the
employee to see if there is a valid reason and offer any assistance you can. If no
satisfactory explanation is given, advise the employee that he/she will be given
a written warning. Be specific in your discussion with him/her and in the
counseling memorandum as to the type of action to be taken and when it will be
taken if the record does not improve. As soon as possible after this meeting
provide the employee personally with the written warning and place a copy of
his/her file. The written warning should identify any noticeable pattern
If the amount and/or pattern continue, the next step in progressive
discipline may be a second, stronger written warning. Your decision to provide a
second written warning as an alternative to proceeding to a higher level of
discipline (i.e. suspension) will depend on a number of factors. Such factors are,
the severity of the problem, the credibility of the employee's explanations, the
employee's general work performance and length of service.
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Suspension (only after consultation with the appropriate superiors)
If the problem of culpable absenteeism persists, following the next
interview period and immediately following an absence, the employee should be
interviewed and advised that he/she is to be suspended. The length of the
suspension will depend again on the severity of the problem, the credibility of
the employee's explanation, the employee's general work performance and
length of service. Subsequent suspensions are optional depending on the above
condition.
Dismissal (only after consultation with the appropriate superiors)
Dismissals should only be considered when all of the above
conditions and procedures have been met. The employee, upon displaying no
satisfactory improvement, would be dismissed on the grounds of his/her
unwillingness to correct his/her absence record.
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GUIDELINES & MEASURES FOR CONTROL OF
ABSNTEEISM
Absenteeism is a disease that appears whenever a company fails to
inoculate itself through the use of sound management practices. To cure
excessive absenteeism, one has to know the exact causes and then examine
the available, workable and proven solutions to apply against those causes.
To embark upon a successful absenteeism reduction program, you
need to make sure you have some basic information and facts about
absenteeism in your company. Consider the following four questions, which
should help you further focus your ideas and put a plan into action.
Q. Why is your present absenteeism policy ineffective?
Absenteeism policies vary in effectiveness. Most ineffective policies I have
reviewed have a common denominator: They allow "excused" absences,
whereas those that do work are "no fault" policies.
Q. Where and when is excessive absenteeism occurring?
Numerous studies have concluded that under trained supervisors is one
of the main causes of absenteeism. Therefore, any company experiencing
absenteeism of greater than 3 percent should consider supervisors as a
potential contributor to the problem.
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Given that this may be the case, you first should check the percentage of
employee absenteeism by supervisor to see if it is concentrated around one or
two supervisors. If it is, you've begun to uncover the obvious--undertrained
supervisors. If, however, your research reveals that the rate of absenteeism isalmost equally distributed throughout your factory, you will need to investigate
other possible causes.
Q. What are the real causes for absences?
People-oriented companies are very sensitive to employee opinions. They
often engage in formal mini-studies to solicit anonymous employee opinions on
topics of mutual interest. These confidential worker surveys commonly ask for
employee opinion regarding higher-than-normal absenteeism.
In other words, employees revealed that repetitive, boring jobs coupled
with uncaring supervisors and/or physically unpleasant workplaces led them to
make up excuses for not coming to work, such as claiming to be sick.
One way to determine the causes of absenteeism is to question your
supervisors about their employees' excessive absenteeism, including what
causes it and how to reduce it.
Q. How much formal training have your supervisors received on
absenteeism containment and reduction?
If you find that your supervisors hesitate to provide meaningful answers to
your questions, then you're on the right track toward a solution. Ask yourself,
"How much formal training have I given my supervisors in the areas of
absenteeism reduction and human resources skills?" If your answer is none or
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very little, your solution can't be far behind. The fact of the matter is, you cannot
ask a person to do a job he or she has never been trained to do.
Following are the measures to control absenteeism:-
1) ADOPTION OF A WELL DEFINED RECRUITMENT PROCEDURE
The selection of employees on the basis of command, linguistic and
family consideration should be avoided. The management should look for
aptitude and ability in the prospective employees and should not easily yield or
pressure of personal likes and dislikes. Application blanks should invariably be
used for a preliminary selection and tools for interviews. The personal officer
should play more effective role as coordinator of information, provided that he
has acquired job knowledge in the function of selection. Employers should also
take into account the fact that selection should be for employees development,
their reliance. They should as far as possible rely on employment exchange. .
2) PROVISION OF HEALTHFUL AND HYGENIC WORKING CONDITION
In India, where the climate is warm and most of the work involves
manual labor, it is essential that the workers should be provided with proper and
healthy working conditions. The facilities of drinking water, canteens, lavatories,
rest rooms, lighting and ventilation, need to be improved. Where any one of
these facilities is not available, it should be provided and all these help in
keeping the employee cheerful and increase productivity and the efficiency of
operations throughout the plant.
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3) PROVISION OF REASONABLE WAGES AND ALLOWANCE AND JOB
SECURITY TO WOTRKERS
The wages of an employee determine his as well as his family standard of
living. This single factor is important for him than other. The management
should, therefore pay reasonable wages and allowances, taking into
account the capacity of the industry to pay.
3) MOTIVATORS WELFARE AND SOCIAL MEASURES
The management should consider the needs of workers and offer them adequate
and cheap housing facilities, free of subsidized food, free medical and transport
facilities, free education facilities for their children and other monetary benefits.
As for social security is concern, the provision of Provident Fund, SBI facilities,
Gratuity and Pension, all those need to be improved.
4) IMPROVED COMMUNICATION AND PROMPT REDRESSAL OF
GRIEVANCES
Since a majority of the workers are illiterate or not highly educated bulletins and
written notices journals and booklets are not easily understood by them.
Meetings and concealing are called for written communication becomes
meaningful only when workers can readied understood them, too many notices
should be avoided only the essential ones should be put on the boards, which
should be placed near the entrance inside the canteen and in areas which are
frequently visited by the workers so that they are aware of the policies of the
company and any sort changes being made.
5) LIBERAL GRANT OF LEAVE
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The managements strict attitude in granting leave and holidays even when the
need for them is genuine, tempts workers to go on E.S.I. leave for under this
scheme, they can have 56 days leaves in years on half pay. An effective way of
dealing with absenteeism is to liberalize leave rules.
6) SAFETY AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Safety at work can be maintained and accidents can be prevented if the
management tries to eliminate such personal factors as negligence,
overconfidence, carelessness, vanity, etc and such material factorizes
unguarded machinery and explosives, defective equipment and hand tools. Safemethods of operation should be taught. In addition consistent and timely safely
instruction, written instructions (manual) in the regional language of the area
should be given to the work force.
7) CORDIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SUPERVISORS AND WORKERS
The supervisor should be recognize that industrial work is a groups task and
cannot be properly done unless discipline is enforced and maintained. Cordial
relations between the supervisors and these workers are therefore essential for
without them, discipline cannot be increased. One of the consequences of
unhealthy relations between supervisors and subordinates is absenteeism.
8) DEVELOPMENT OF WORKERS BY TRAINING
The system of workers education should be so designed as to take into account
their educational needs as individuals for their personal evaluation, as
operatives for their efficiency and advancement, as citizens for happy integrated
life in the community, as members of a trade union for the protection of their
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interests. The educational programs according to their national commission on
Labour should be to make a worker:-
a) A responsible, committed and disciplines operative.
b) Aware of his rights and obligations.
c) Lead a calm, clean and health life, based on a firm ethicalfoundation.
d) A responsible and alter citizen.
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THE BRADFORD FACTOR & ABSENTEEISM
The Bradford Factor is a Human Resources tool used by many organizations
to measure and identify areas of absenteeism. The theory is that short, frequent and
unplanned absences are more disruptive than longer absences.
It is based on the fact that it is normally easier to make arrangements to cover
for staffs who are going to be off for long periods, and which are more likely to be
suffering from a genuine illness.
However, employees taking odd unplanned days off here and there actually
cause more disruption to the business. If this pattern is repeated regularly, the
employee will have a high Bradford Factor score; which may raise questions about how
genuine the illness actually is.
The formula for the Bradford Factor is:
E x E x D = Bradford Factor Score ,
Where E is the number of episodes of absence
and D is the total number of days absent in a rolling 52 week period.
So, for employees with a total of 10 days absence in one year, the Bradford
Factor score can vary enormously, depending on the number of episodes of absenceinvolved. For example:
One absence episode of 10 days is 10 points (i.e. 1 x 1 x 10)
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Five absence episodes of two days each is 250 points (i.e. 5 x 5 x 10)
Ten absence episodes of one day each is 100 points (i.e. 10 x 10 x 1)
How do organizations use the Bradford Factor?
There are no set rules for using the Bradford Factor; it is down to each
organization to determine the ways in which it uses the score.
However, used effectively, the Bradford Factor can reduce absenteeism
dramatically, serving as a deterrent and a method for tackling persistent absenteeism.
Studies have shown that by educating staff about the Bradford Factor, and
then showing them their score on a regular basis, absenteeism can be reduced by over
20%. This is largely down to staff understanding that taking the odd day off here and
there will quickly multiply their Bradford Factor score. The Bradford Factor places a
value on the absence which an employee can clearly see. Where the absence is not
absolutely necessary, this can serve to deter absenteeism.
When this is used in conjunction with a points system the Bradford Factor
can be effectively utilized to deter unnecessary absenteeism.
For example the Bradford Factor can be utilized by creating triggers whereby certain
actions are taken when an employees Bradford score reaches a certain point. For
example, the UK Prison Service has used the following triggers:
51 points verbal warning.
201 points written warning
401 points final warning
601 points dismissal
Setting these triggers is entirely dependent on the organization using the
Bradford Factor. It is usually advisable to use the Bradford Factor as one of a number of
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absence policies. However, setting these triggers and making staff aware of them, in
addition to taking action, resulted in the Prison Service reducing absenteeism by 18%.
By implementing mandatory procedures for tackling absenteeism across an
organization led by the Bradford Factor, an organization can remove the potential for
differences across teams and management and remove the difficulties and reluctance
that line managers often face when having to discipline a close staff member.
The Bradford Factor can provide organizations with a two pronged method
for tackling absence: proactively deterring absence in the first place and utilizing a set
procedure to identify and tackle persistent absenteeism.
Implementing the Bradford Factor
Calculating the Bradford Factor for one member of staff over a given period is
not a difficult proposition. However, calculating the Bradford Factor over a rolling 52
week period, across multiple teams and locations and considering different types of
absence is a very difficult task.
As a result of the exponential nature of the formula {E x E x D}, even the
slightest mistakes in calculation can result in a wide variance of an employees Bradford
Factor score.
For example: For an employee who has had 10 days off in a year in total, on two
separate occasions:
2 X 2 X 10 = 40 {which does not trigger a warning fewer than 50}
However, if their absence is either not recorded correctly, or is calculated wrong by just
one day:
3 X 3 X 10= 90 {which does trigger a warning over 50}
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You can see that their score is more than double, despite the small mistake. Getting the
formula the wrong way round can have even more significant results:
10 X 10 X 2 = 200 {which would trigger disciplinary proceedings over 200}
If an organization wants to tackle absenteeism effectively, using the
Bradford Factor, including using an employees Bradford Factor score in potential
disciplinary proceedings, then the process for calculating the Bradford Factor has to be
full proof, consistent and equal.
To achieve this, an organization will need to ensure:
Absence reporting and monitoring is consistent, equal and accurate both
over time and across the whole organization.
The calculation of an employees Bradford Factor score is based on these
accurate, equal and updated absence records.
Management and staff have access to updated Bradford Factor scores.
Without these processes in place the calculation of the Bradford Factor is
extremely difficult and time consuming. In addition to this; unequal processes for
reporting and calculating the Bradford Factor could be discriminatory; everyones
Bradford Factor score should be subject to the same, indisputable criteria.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
TITLE OF PROJECT :
The topic of my project is ABSENTEEISM OF WORKERS IN BARODA DAIRY.
OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
i. To identify the rate of absenteeism of worker.
i i. To identify the causes of absenteeism.
iii. To suggest any measures to reduce the rate of absenteeism
RESEARCH DESIGN
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
The study follows descriptive research method.
Descriptive research is concerned with describing the characteristics of a particular
individual or a group. Here the researcher attempts to present the existing facts by
collecting data.
SOURCES OF DATA
PRIMARY DATA
Primary data was collected through questionnaire which was mainly
Questionnaire and discussion with workers
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SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data were collected from the companys annual publications,
memorandums of settlements, newspapers, journals, websites, and from library
books
TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS
Percentage analysis is used
SAMPLING METHOD
Sampling technique used in this study is Random sampling.
SAMPLE SIZE
The sample size taken for this study is 60.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
a) The workers were busy with their work therefore they could not give
enough time for the interview.
b) The personal biases of the respondents might have entered into their
response.
c) Some of the respondents give no answer to the questions which may
affect the analysis.
d) Respondents were reluctant to disclose complete and correct information
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Q. For how many yrs you
INTERPRETATION It can
are working for more than 1
yrs.
Q. How often you remain
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0-2 Years 2-5
0%
10%
20%
30%40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
nil on
are working with Baroda dairy?
be seen that 56% of the workers at Ba
0 years whereas 36% are working for
absent in a month?
ears 5-10 Years >10 Years
e twice >twice
no ofmont
55
roda dairy
ore than 5
worker
bsents in a
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INTERPRETATION- It can
absent.
Q. According to you what
INTERPRETATION- Accor
for being absent. 4% think
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
stress
be seen that 96% of the workers do not
are the main reasons for employees
ing to 96% workers, personal problem i
hat stress can also be the reason.
ersonal prob
reason fabsent
56
remain
absent?
s the reason
or being
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Q. Your views regarding
INTERPRETATION- It canabsenteeism policy as goo
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
excellent good
resent Absenteeism Policy of Barod
be seen that 76% workers rate the preswhereas 22% rate it as excellent.
fair poor
views regaabsenteeis
57
dairy?
ent
dingpolicy
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Q. Are you clear about yo
INTERPRETATION- It can
clear regarding their work r
0%
10%20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
wellclear
good
ur work / job responsibilities?
be seen that 94% of the workers at bar
esponsibilities.
fairlyclear
don'tknow
clarity reg
58
da dairy are
rding work
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Q. Are you satisfied with
INTERPRETATION- 82% o
whereas 16% workers think
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
well satisfied
our work?
f the workers are fully satisfied with thei
their work as good.
fair
satisfaction rwork
59
r work
garding
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Q. Views regarding worki
INTERPRETATION- 82% w
dairy is good & 14% feel it
Q. Your relations with yo
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
excellent good
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
excellent goo
g environment of Baroda dairy?
orkers feel that the working environm
as excellent.
r superiors?
fair poor
views regworking
d fair poor
relasup
60
nt at Baroda
ardingnv.
tions witheriors
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Q. Yours views regarding
INTERPRETATION 86%
good whereas 10% conside
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%90%
excellent
facilities provided Baroda Dairy?
orkers consider that facilities provided
r them as excellent.
fair
facilitieCompa
62
to them are
s provided atny
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FINDINGS
Finding and analysis reveals the following conclusion
1) Almost 56% of the workers at Baroda dairy are working for more than 10
years whereas 36% are working for more than 5 yrs.
2) Almost 96% of the workers do not remain absent.
3) According to 96% workers, personal problem is the reason for being
absent. 4% think that stress can also be the reason .
4) Almost 76% workers rate the present absenteeism policy as good whereas
22% rate it as excellent.
5) Almost 94% of the workers at Baroda dairy are clear regarding their work
responsibilities.
6) 82% of the workers are fully satisfied with their work whereas 16%
workers think their work as good.
7) 76 % workers have good relations with the superiors whereas 22% have
excellent relations with the superiors.
8) 42% workers think that their superiors behavior towards their problems is
excellent & 56% workers consider it as good.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Absenteeism is a serious problem for management because it involves heavy
additional expenses. The management should take the following measures to
reduce the rate of absenteeism:-
1) Provide Incentives- An incentive provides an employee with a boost to
their motivation and avoid unnecessary absenteeism. Incentives like two
hours of bonus pay for every month of perfect attendance can improve a
lot.
2) Employee Assistance Program- If you confront an employee about his
or her frequent absenteeism and you find out that it is due to personalproblems refer them to EAP.
3) Sickness Reporting Tell employees that they must phone in as early as
possible to advise why they are unable to make it to work and when they
expect to return.
4) Return to Work Interview- When an employee returns to work then
ensure that they have a return to work interview.
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5) Bradford factor can also be used to identify and cure excessive
absenteeism.
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CONCLUSION
In the end to conclude this report I would like to specify that the project
allotted to me on ABSENTEEISM was of immense help to me in understanding
the working environment of an organization, thereby providing a firstha practical
experience.
In this project while identifying the reasons of absenteeism of the
workers ofBaroda DairyI got an opportunity to interact with workers to observe
their behavior and attitude.
In the end I would once again like to thank the people ofBaroda Dairy who
helped me in accomplishing this project and boosting my morale by appreciating
and recognizing my efforts.
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QUESTIONNAIRE
Personal Information
Name ..
Age. Sex..
Job status.
1. For how many years you are working with Baroda dairy?
(a) 0-1 yr (b) 1-2 yr
(c) 2-5 yr (d) < 5 yr
2. How often you remain absent in a month?
(a) Nil (b) Once
(c)Twice (d) more than Twice
3. According to you what is the main reason for employees absent?
(a) Health problem / domestic reasons (b) Stress
(c)Work dissatisfaction (d) Working environment
4. Your views regarding the present Absenteeism Policy of Baroda dairy ?
(a) Excellent (b) Good
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(c) Fair (d) Dont know
5. Are you clear about your work / job responsibilities?(a) Well clear (b) Good
(c) Fairly clear (d) Dont know
6. Are you satisfied with your work?
(a) Well satisfied (b) Good
(c) Fair (d) Not satisfied
7. Your views regarding the working environment of Baroda dairy & work place?
(a) Excellent (b) Good
(c) Fair (d) Poor
8. How are your relations with your superiors / co-workers?
(a) Excellent (b) Good
(c) Fair (d) Poor
9. Your superiors behavior towards your problems?
(a) Excellent (b) Good
(c) Fair (d) Poor
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10. Your views regarding the facilities provided to you by Baroda dairy?(a) Excellent (b) Good
(c) Fair (d) Poor
Any suggestions / Comments
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Bibliography
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WEBSITES:www.google.com
www.ask.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.barodadairy.org
www.money.com
Annual report of Baroda Dairy
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