MSHA Haulage Safety

Types of Mobile Equipment

Pre-Shift InspectionPer 56.14100

Pre-shift Inspection • Inspected by equipment operator before

being placed in operation on that shift• Defects that affect safety corrected in

timely manner• Equipment with defects taken out of service

and parked in designated area• Defects not immediately corrected, shall be

reported and recorded, until defects are fixed

Haulage Requirements

Requirements for Seat Belts• Seat Belt on Haul Truck -

56.14131 (SAE J386) Operator Restraint Systems for Off Road Work Machines, 1985

• Maintained in functional condition and replaced when necessary to assure proper performance

Haulage Requirements

Requirements for Seat Belts• Seat Belt on Loader -

56.14130(a) (SAE J386 or SAE J1194 ROPS for Wheeled Agricultural Tractors 1983)

• Maintained in functional condition and replaced when necessary to assure proper performance

Haulage Requirements

Requirements for ROPS• ROPS on Loader - 56.14130 (a) (SAE

J1040) Performance Criteria for ROPS Structures for Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry and Mining Machines 1986 or

• ROPS on Loader - 56.14130(a) (SAE J1194 ROPS for Wheeled Agricultural Tractors 1983)

ROPS

Rollover Protective Structure• Permanent label affixed to structure with• Manufacturer’s Name & Address• Make and Model Number of Equipment• Installed per Manufacturer’s Recommendations• Re-certified by Manufacturer or Registered

Professional Engineer with knowledge and experience in ROPS design after rollover of abnormal structural load, alterations or repair

FOPS

Falling Object Protection 56.14106 for forklifts, front end loader and bulldozers • when used in area when

hazard could be created• Capable of withstanding

loads to which it would be subjected

Brakes

Service Brakes - 56.14101(a)(1)• Service brake system capable of stopping

and holding the equipment with its typical load on the maximum grade it travels

Parking Brakes - 56.14101(b)(2)• Parking brakes capable of stopping and

holding the equipment with its typical load on the maximum grade it travels

Brake Test Requirements

Brake Test - 56.14101(b)(3) • Conducted under the direction of the mine operator

in cooperation with the instructions provided by the MSHA Inspector only when:

• Equipment capable of travelling between 10 & 20 mph

• Where there is an appropriate test site• Front-end loaders have bucket empty• Mobile Equipment is not carrying explosives

Brake Test Procedures

Brake Test - 56.14101(b)(3)• Equipment must reach and maintain a

constant speed between 10 & 20 mph prior to enter 100 ft test site

• Roadway must be wide enough for equipment and must be level, dry and packed

• Braking with those systems used under normal operating conditions (no parking brakes)

• In proper gear for the appropriate speed

Brake Test Evaluation

Brake Test - 56.14101(b)(4)• Stopping distances measures from point

where operator receives signal to stop to actual stopping distance

• Must be within chart in Table 1• If not, operator may request up to 4 more

test runs ( 2 in each direction) of which on 3 must meet the appropriate stopping distances for speed and vehicle weight

Back-up Alarms

Back-up Alarms 56.14132(a) -When operator has obstructed view to the rear:

• Automatic reverse activated signal alarm• Wheel mounted bell alarm• Discriminating backup alarm covers area of view• Observer (spotter) 56.9305(c) truck must stop

when unable to clearly recognize spotter’s signals All alarms above surrounding noise levels Automatic reverse activated at night

Windows

Windows 56.14103(a) - If Windows are provided:• Made of safety glass or equivalent• Maintained to provide safe operation• Replaced or removed if damaged and

obscures visibility

Fire Extinguishers

Fire Extinguishers on Mobile Equipment • 56.4230(a) - Whenever a fire or its effects can

impede escape from mobile equipment or• 56.4230(b) can impede the escape of others in the

area, extinguisher must be on vehicle or within a 100 feet of equipment

• Located to permit use• Fire Suppression system can be substituted if it can

be activated manually

Warning Signals

Warnings 56.14200 - Mobile Equipment Before moving any equipment:• Sound a warning that is audible

above surrounding area or• Use other effective means to warn

persons

Securing Movable Parts

Warnings 56.14206 - Mobile Equipment • When moving any equipment:

• Parts of equipment must be in travel mode

• Mechanically secured Getting Off Equipment - 56.9318

• Persons cannot get off moving mobile equipment

Clearances 56.9306 - Warning devices • Devices installed and restricted area marked

Unattended or Not in Use

Securing Parts 56.14206(b) - Equipment When equipment is unattended or not in use:• Parts of equipment must be lowered to

ground• Mechanically secured

Parking Procedures 56.14207 Equipment not left unattended unless:• Placed in park and parking brake set,

wheels chocked

Warning Devices

Warning Devices 56.14208• When parked and creates a hazard• When carrying load that project more than 4

feet beyond sides or rear• Must have visible warning device (Red Flag)

attached to end of load or person walking beside or behind load with flag or light

• Must use light in limited visibility condition

Movement of Buckets

Movement of Buckets, Dippers, Booms 56.14210• Not be swung over Operator’s station on

Mobile Equipment until operator is out of station and in a safe location

• Does not apply to equipment specially designed to protect operator from falling objects (FOPS)

Transporting People

Transporting People 56.9200(a) Persons Not Transported in or on:• dippers, forks, clamshells, buckets• in beds of mobile equipment• on the top of loads, with materials/equipment• outside cabs, equipment stations• between cars on trains, on leading ends• to and from work areas on crowded equipment• on conveyors

Transporting People

Transporting People 56.9200(b) • Persons Transported in beds of mobile

equipment when provisions are made for secure travel and means are taken to prevent accidental unloading if equipment is provided with unloading device

• when necessary for maintenance, testing or training and above provisions taken

• On conveyors when designed for such travel

Working in Raised Position

Blocking of Equipment 56.14211• Persons cannot work on top, under or from Mobile

Equipment in a raised position until the equipment has been blocked or mechanically secured from movement

• provided with a functional load locking device or equivalent

Repairs During Maintenance 56.14105• Blocked against motion/power off (lockout)

Berms

Berms or Guardrails 56.9300(a) must be provided and maintained:• On banks of roadways where a drop off of

sufficient grade and depth may cause a vehicle to overturn or endanger equipment operators

• Must be at least mid-axle height of largest vehicle

• Have openings for drainage

Berms Not Required

Berms or Guardrails 56.9300(d) may not be required provided that and elevated roadways are infrequently traveled and used by service or maintenance vehicles

• And locked gates are installed at entrance points• Warning signs posted “Roadway NOT bermed”• Delineators installed at intervals (3) to indicate

edge• Maximum speed limit is posted (slope,width,type)• Road surface traction not impaired by weather

Tire Repairs

Tire Repairs 56.14104 • Before a tire can be removed, the valve

cord must be partially removed for gradual deflation of the tire and persons must stand outside the potential trajectory of the locking rim of a multi-piece rim

• During inflation a wheel cage or other restraining device or stand off inflation device must be used

Traffic Control

Traffic Control 56.9100 Safe Movement

Rules governing:• Speed, Right of Way, Movement of

Direction, and Use of Headlights to assure visibility must be established at each mine and followed

• Signs or signals, warning of hazards shall be placed at appropriate locations

Operating Speed

Traffic Control 56.9101 Maintain control of vehicle Operating speeds consistent with:

• conditions of roadways• tracks, grades, clearance• visibility, traffic• type of equipment used

Loading

Loading/ Hauling in Safe Manner -56.9201

Prevent Spillage - 56.9202 Mobile Equipment loaded in a manner to minimize spillage

Activity Between Equipment & Machinery-56.3430 - Persons cannot work, travel only for dismounting purposes

Carrying Explosives

Carrying Explosives - 56.6202(a)• Maintained in good condition and equipped:

• With sides and enclosures higher than explosive materials or explosives secured to non-conductive pallet

• With separate cargo space• Two fire extinguishers or one and fire suppression• Posted with appropriate warning signs• Occupied by personnel necessary for handling

explosives

Carrying Explosives

Carrying Explosives - 56.6202(a)• Maintained in good condition and equipped:

• Attended or cargo compartment locked, except when parked at blast site and loading in progress

• Secured while parked by:• having brakes set• Wheels chocked if movement can occur• Engine shut off unless powering device is being

used• Have no sparking materials exposed in cargo area• Have non-sparking materials properly secured

Fueling

Fueling Internal Combustion Engines 56.4103 Engines shall be shut off during

fueling when tanks are integral part of equipment, does not apply to diesel powered engines

Safe Operating Procedures

Powered Haulage has had more miner fatalities than any other accident classification:• Providing safe access on and off mobile

equipment helps prevents slips, trips, & falls• Conducting a pre-shift inspection of the

equipment and of the surrounding ground helps prevent accidents due to equipment failures and collapse of ground

MSHA Inspection

Haulage equipment continues to receive the highest priority during an inspection by MSHA

Seat belt violations are of special interest to every inspector

Any equipment brought into a mine can be subject to a MSHA Inspection