ms. soles social studies: europe and russia lesson 37 ancient greece
TRANSCRIPT
Ms. SolesSocial Studies: Europe and
RussiaLesson 37
Ancient Greece
It’s time to leave for our next exciting adventure!
Google Earth
What is lesson 37 all about?
More History of Ancient Greece, from the very
beginning! Let’s take another trip, far, far back in time!
Let’s see how far back we can go!
Greece’s Beginning
Greece is a hard place to live, because the soil is not as good and there is not always enough water to grow plants for food. So people did not move there until a lot later. Our first evidence of real settlement in Greece comes from about 55,000 BC (57,000 years ago).
Evidence of First Humans in Greece
The Theopetra caves 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Meteora had inhabitants fifty millennia ago. The cave of Theopetra, Kalambaka, radiocarbon evidence for 50,000 years of human presence.
Growth and Change
• By about 6000 BC people in Greece began to farm their food and settle down in villages. Then there began to be more and more people living in Greece.
Invaders to Greece
• Sometime around 2000 BC, Indo-European invaders came to Greece from West Asia, bringing with them the use of bronze, the potter's wheel, and Greek language
Greek Pottery
Early Cultural Blending
These invaders mixed with the local people. They sailed around and picked up ideas from West Asia and Crete, and by about 1400 BC they were building palaces and big tombs for their leaders.
Decline of Greece
This is the time of the Trojan War. But by about 1200 BC West Asia and Egypt fell into an economic depression, and the Greeks fell with them. Many Greeks left Greece and sailed to new homes in Israel (where they are the Philistines) or other places in West Asia.
The Trojan War
The events of the Trojan War are found in many works of Greek literature and depicted in numerous works of Greek art.
Homer’s Writings
The most important literary sources are the two epic poems traditionally credited to Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey, composed sometime between the 9th and 6th centuries BC.[3] Each poem narrates only a part of the war.
Greek Victory
The Trojan Horse, according to legend, a giant hollow horse in which Greeks hid to gain entrance to Troy, who that night, opened Troy's gates allowing their army to enter and destroy the city.
The Trojan Horse
The Trojan Horse
• http://www.history.com/videos/trojan-horse-most-fatal-gift#
Greece On the Rise Again
By about 900 BC, the Dark Ages were ending, and the Greeks began trading with West Asia and Egypt again. From the Phoenicians, the Greeks learned the alphabet: this is the time of Homer
Samples of Greek Alphabet
ΑαAlphaΝνNuΒβBetaΞξXiΓγGammaΟο
OmicronΔδDeltaΠπPiΕεEpsilonΡρRhoΖζZetaΣσςSigmaΗηEtaΤτTauΘθThetaΥυUpsilonΙιIotaΦφPhiΚκKappaΧχChiΛλLambdaΨψPsiΜμMuΩωOmegaOther characters Digamma Stigma Heta San Qoppa SampiGreek diacritics
Growth In Greece
There were more and more people in Greece. People began to form city-states and experiment with different kinds of governments for them: oligarchies and tyrannies.
Government Tried by Ancient Greeks
•Oligarchy: A government in which a small group exercises control. The group may be a political party, a military group, or a religious group.
Government Tried by Ancient Greeks
•Tyranny: Government in which absolute power is in a single ruler that is cruel and oppressive.
New Government
This is the Archaic period; it ends about 500 BC when the Athenians try a new experiment in government: the world's first democracy.
Democracy
•Democracy: A government of the people, begun by the Ancient Greeks. Under this government, citizens have the right to vote on laws and government policies, or methods and plans a government uses to do its work.
Regional Threats
In the Classical period, people around the Mediterranean noticed that the Persians had formed the world's first big empire (and used it to attack the Greeks in the Persian Wars). Everybody wanted to form an empire too - the Romans, the Carthaginians, and the Greeks.
500-400 BC
Classical Greece was a culture that was highly advanced and which heavily influenced the cultures of ancient Rome and still has an enduring effect on Western civilization. Much of modern politics, artistic thought, scientific thought, literature, and philosophy derives from this ancient society.
The Athenian Empire at It’s Height: 450 BC
Athens Against Sparta
Greece Enters new Period
After the Peloponnesian War, Greece was much weaker, and by 336 BC Greece became part of Philip of Macedon's empire. Philip's son Alexander kept Greece and then conquered many other lands.
Macedon after Philip’s Death
More to come about Alexander the Great!
Good-bye, until then! Here we go!
Google.Earth
Resources
www.Google.Earth.orghttp://www.Wikkipedia.comhttp://www.TheArchaeologyChannel-
WelcomeNorth Carolina World Studies: South
America and Europe, by Prentice Hall