mr. marston dominion christian high school marietta, ga mr. marston dominion christian high school...
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![Page 1: Mr. Marston Dominion Christian High School Marietta, GA Mr. Marston Dominion Christian High School Marietta, GA](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062517/56649f275503460f94c3f578/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mr. Marston
Dominion Christian High School
Marietta, GA
Mr. Marston
Dominion Christian High School
Marietta, GA
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Hittite Empire: 2000 B.C.
Hittite Empire: 2000 B.C.
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Hittites
• Not ruled by priest-kings• Hittite king was commander of the
army• Feared military power• Used iron weapons and chariots• Made war against Egypt:
weakened both sides
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Hattusas: Capital of the Hittites
Hattusas: Capital of the Hittites
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HattusasHattusas
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Hattusas – Lion’s Gate
Hattusas – Lion’s Gate
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Hittite Chariots & Warriors
Hittite Chariots & Warriors
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A Balance of Power: 1200 B. C. E.
A Balance of Power: 1200 B. C. E.
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Hittite WritingHittite Writing
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The Battle of Kadesh: Hittites vs. Egyptians
The Battle of Kadesh: Hittites vs. Egyptians
Treaty of Kadesh
Treaty of Kadesh
Ramses II at Kadesh
Largest chariot battle in history: 5,000 to
6,000 chariots
Ramses II at Kadesh
Largest chariot battle in history: 5,000 to
6,000 chariots
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Phoenician Sea Routes
Phoenician Sea Routes
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Phoenicia• Group of city states along the eastern
coast of the Mediterranean• Major cities: Sidon and Tyre• Great sea-faring and trading people
(spices, linen, wheat, cattle, horses, ivory, gold, tin)
• 2 most important trading items• a. mollusk: purple dye (sign of royalty)• b. lumber: cedar and fir trees
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A Phoenician Bireme Ship
A Phoenician Bireme Ship
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The “Royal Purple” Dye
The “Royal Purple” Dye
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Phoenician City of Byblos:“Home of the Alphabet”
Uniform symbols to stand for distinct sounds
Letters represented sounds
Writing became simple for many people to understand
Phoenician City of Byblos:“Home of the Alphabet”
Uniform symbols to stand for distinct sounds
Letters represented sounds
Writing became simple for many people to understand
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Phoenician AlphabetPhoenician Alphabet
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Carthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest ColonyCarthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest Colony
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The Arameans (Syrians)• “Crossroads of civilization” and link between Asia
and Africa• 1000 B.C. established small independent states• Land empire that rivaled the sea empire of
Phoenicians• Damascus: capital of international trade• Aramaic language was used as a “negotiating”
language among the peoples of the Fertile Crescent
-became common spoken language of regionDamascus was destroyed by the Assyrians in 732 B.C.
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Abraham’s GeneaologyAbraham’s Geneaology
ABRAHAMABRAHAM SARAHSARAHHAGARHAGAR
IsaacIsaac
EsauEsauJacobJacob
12 Tribes of Israel
12 Tribes of Israel
Ishmael
Ishmael
12 Arabian Tribes
12 Arabian Tribes
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Abrahamic Covenant
• 1. people• 2. land of Canaan• 3. Bless all on earth
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Abraham’s Journey from UrAbraham’s Journey from Ur
Canaan The “Promised Land”Canaan The “Promised Land”
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Abraham’s JourneysAbraham’s Journeys
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Jacob’s people go to Egypt to escape famine
• Joseph saves his father’s family• House of Judah most important:
Israel’s kings
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Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People
Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People
The TorahThe Torah
The first 5 books of the Hebrew Torah.
The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.
The first 5 books of the Hebrew Torah.
The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.
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Ancient PalestineAncient Palestine
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Land of Goshen, EgyptLand of Goshen, Egypt
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MosesMoses
“Prince of Egypt”
“Prince of Egypt”
“Shepherd of His People”
“Shepherd of His People”
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The ExodusThe Exodus
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Route of the ExodusRoute of the Exodus
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Mount SinaiMount Sinai
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Moses and the 10 Commandmets
Moses and the 10 Commandmets
A new “covenant”
with Yahweh
A new “covenant”
with Yahweh
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Israelites wandering in the desert
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King Saul: united the tribes of Israel
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King David’s EmpireKing David’s Empire
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Solomon’s
Kingdom
Solomon’s
Kingdom
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King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan
King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan
The First TempleThe First Temple
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The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today
The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today
Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall
Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall
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Kingdoms of
Judah
&
Israel
Kingdoms of
Judah
&
Israel
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Israelites: Babylonian Captivity
Israelites: Babylonian Captivity
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Jewish Captives: 8c BCE
Jewish Captives: 8c BCE
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Near Eastern Empires
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The Assyrian Empire: created largest empire in the near East up to 650
B.C.
The Assyrian Empire: created largest empire in the near East up to 650
B.C.
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Assyrians
• Capital was Nineveh• Adopted Sumerian and Amorite
culture (gods, language, art, architecture, science, and literature)
Assyrian military was unmatched in Near East
Society was based on the military
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Assyrian Military Power: iron weapons, siege towers, battering rams, war
chariots
Assyrian Military Power: iron weapons, siege towers, battering rams, war
chariots
Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s
gods.
Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s
gods.
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Assyrian Military
• Assyrian military start at 45 seconds
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Sargon II: Assyrian King: destroyer of Samaria
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Chaldean and Median armies destroy Nineveh in
612 B.C.
• Capital of Assyrian Empire destroyed
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Babylon under the Chaldeans
Babylon under the Chaldeans
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Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon
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Ishtar Gate
Ishtar Gate
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Hanging Gardensof Babylon?
Hanging Gardensof Babylon?
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Israelites in Captivity” Jewish Diaspora:
Scattering
Israelites in Captivity” Jewish Diaspora:
Scattering
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Chaldean accomplishments
• AstronomyAstronomy
a.a.Chartered positions of planets and Chartered positions of planets and starsstars
b.b. named constellationsnamed constellations
c.c.Predicted eclipsesPredicted eclipses
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End of Chaldean Empire in 539 BC
Succeeded by Persian Empire
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Persian Empire
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Cyrus the Great
Conquered the Lydians and King Croesus of Asia Minor in 546 B.C.
Lydians developed coinage for exchange instead of barter system
Allowed conquered foes some self-rule, tolerated their religious beliefs, and returned prisoners to their homeland
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Cyrus the Great: Persian King: allowed the Jews to return to Israel and rebuild the temple
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Persian accomplishments
• Masters of administrative control• Divided empire into provinces (satrapies)
overseen by a governor (satrap) appointed by the king
• System of roads• Postal system• Adopted coinage, writing, navy, and
calendar from conquered peoples
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Persian Religion: Zoroaster
• Monotheistic worship of Ahura Mazda• Avesta: ancient writings of
Zoroastrianism• good vs. evil: world was battleground• Afterlife: good works were more than
evil.
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Persians ruled ancient world until Alexander the
Great 4BC