Moving Toward Modern: Neoclassicism & Romanticism

Chapter 20, Day 1 of 3

Rebekah Scoggins

Art Appreciation

March 5, 2013

Factors that lead to Neoclassicismo Industrial Revolution, began 1760 o American Revolution of 1776o French Revolution of 1789

o Enlightenment – also known as the Age of Reason, was the name that characterized the laste 18th century, characterized by:

o The idea that people should be ruled by reasono Shift to more rational and scientific approach to religious, political, social, and economic issueso Belief in the importance of liberty, self determination, and processo Renewed interest in democracy and secular concerns

Characteristics of Neoclassicism

• The emulation of classical Greek and Roman art• Much of the subject matter in Neoclassical art was Roman because Rome was a republican government not ruled. • Focuses on reason as most important aspect, Enlightenment values• Ordered; Calm• Harmonious; Balanced• Instructive, containing morals• Socially conscious

Jacques-Louis David. Oath of the Horatii. 1784. Neoclassicism.

Jacques-Louis David. Death of Marat. 1793. Neoclassicism.

Angelica Kauffmann. Cornelia, Pointing to Her Children as Her Treasures. c. 1785. Neoclassicism.

Thomas Jefferson. Monticello. Charlottesville, Virginia. 1793–1806. Neoclassicism.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. La Grande Odalisque. 1814. Neoclassicism.

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. La Grande Odalisque (Detail). 1814. Neoclassicism.

Raphael. Cowper Madonna (Detail). 1505. Italian Renaissance.

Characteristics of Romanticism• Believed the path to individual freedom was through imagination, not reason.• Had a desire for freedom, not only political, but also of thought, feeling, action, worship, speech, and taste. • Believe that imagination and emotion are more valuable

than reason• Nature is less corrupt than civilization• Human beings are essentially good• Celebrated nature, rural life, common people, and exotic

subjects in art • Believed in subjective experience & sought to escape

from fixation on classical form. • Had painterly brushstrokes; you can see them in the

composition, unlike in the Neoclassical era, which had invisible brushstrokes.

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Francisco Goya. The Third of May, 1808. 1814. Romanticism.

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Eugène Delacroix. The Death of Sardanapalus. 1827. Romanticism.

Eugène Delacroix. Liberty Leading the People. 1830. Romanticism.

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Joseph Mallord William Turner. The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons. 1834. Romanticism.

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Thomas Cole. The Oxbow. 1836. Romanticism.

Thomas Cole. The Oxbow (Detail). 1836. Romanticism.

HomeworkBring in a typed statement informing me which artist you want to write about for your paper. Have at least two artworks listed that you can choose from for your paper. You paper due date is March 26th, so I want to make sure you have at least picked an artist by this point.

Also, on your conference day, I expect you to bring at least a page that you have written of your paper for us to discuss. It doesn’t have to be finished, but I want to make sure that you are going in the right direction.

Note: You may add more artworks later if you find another piece by the same artist you like, but I want you to at least have looked at a few works by the artist to ensure that you can in fact find two substantial works to analyze.