By,

Fardeen Faisal

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

Motion involves a change in the position of an object over time.

Motion can be described using mathematical relationships.

Many technologies that apply concepts related to kinematics have societal and environmental implications

MotionsMotions When an object changes its position with elapse of time in respect to a stationary object, such as a building, electric pole, etc., the object is said to be in motion.

MotionMotion

Rectilinear Motion: Motion along a straight line is known as RECTILINEAR motion or motion along a straight line. For example: Motion of a car along a straight line.

Curvilinear Motion: Motion along a curve line is known as curvilinear For example: Motion of car or any moving object along a curve line.

Circular Motion: Motion along a circle is known as circular motion. For example: Motion of cyclist along a circular park.

Slow and Fast Motion: If an object ‘A’ covers a distance in less time and another object covers the same distance in more time, the object A is called a faster moving object and object B is called a slower moving object. In other words, object A has faster motion and object B has slower motion.

Time

Time Period: Time taken to complete one oscillation by the pendulum is called time period.

Unit of Time: Time is measured in second. Unit of time is second. Second is

denoted by ‘s’.

60 second = 1 minute60 minute = 1 hour

24 hour = 1 day7 day = 1 week

365 days = 1 year

Periodic Motion or Oscillatory Motion: When an object repeats its motion after every fixed interval of time, the motion of the object is called periodic motion or oscillatory motion.

In many wall clocks pendulum is used even today. A device having a string suspended with a fixed point with a bob at bottom is called pendulum.

The motion of pendulum starting from one extreme end to another extreme end and back to the first extreme end is called one oscillation. Similarly, the motion of a simple pendulum from its mean position to extreme left and extreme right and back to the mean position is called one oscillation.

Review Question:

A pendulum takes 20 second to complete 10 oscillations, calculate its time period.

Solution:Solution:Number of oscillations = 10Time taken = 20 second

We know that,

SpeedSpeed

Speed: Distance covered by an object in unit time is called speed.

Uniform Speed: If an object covers a fixed distance in each unit of time the motion is known as uniform motion or uniform speed.

Non-uniform Speed: If an object does notcover a fixed distance in each unit of time themotion is known as non-uniform motion ornon-uniform speed.

Unit of speed: Units of speed are• Meter / second• Meter / minute• Kilometer / hour

Speedometer: A device used to measure the speed of a vehicle is called speedometer.

Odometer: A device used to measure the distance covered by a vehicle .

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