molde university college inf 245 fall 2007 obø 1 inf 245 mobile applications mobile devices ola bø...

Molde University College INF 245 Fall 2007 OBø

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INF 245 Mobile applications

Mobile Devices

Ola Bø Fall 2007


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Introduction

Knowledge about mobile devices is relevant when choosing a device for an application

Input-mechanism

Radios Size and Weight

Memory

Screen-size

Number sold

Rugged-ized?

Operating-system

Battery-operating time

Keyboard

Screen Quality

Camera

Software

Who are the users?

Processor Accesories Browser? GPS?In some cases the device is not for us to choose. But we still need to have target devices to develop for. How do we choose the target?


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Input-mechanisms I

Keypad The standard for mobile phones is a

12-digit keypad We can enter all letters using

multipress or we can use T9 (ca twice as quick

as multitap). T9 is also called dictionary supported predictive input

T9


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Input-mekanisms II

Pen based input Soft Keyboard (simple,

but slow) Letter Recognition–

PocketPC (faster but more typing errors)

Hand-writing recognition


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Input-mechanisms III Keyboard

Standard for portable PC Accessory for smart phones and

mobile phones may be wireless

Some smart phones have usable inbuilt keyboards Thumb-keyboards

Voice Voice recognition More advanced voice recognition

may need a server – Voice gateway. Voice XML

Problems Socially acceptable? Noisy environments?


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A solution for a full QWERTY-keyboard directly on the mobile phone

Virtual keyboard Developed by vkb http://www.virtual-laser-ke

yboard.com/

Figure shows the a prototype build into a Siemens SX1

Tests report works well for low to medium

typing speed. takes time to adjust settings works only in subdued light

Can be bought as accessory to PC, PDA or smart phone

http://www.virtual-laser-keyboard.com/




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Input mechanisms IVDigital Camera Augmenting proportion of phones have a

camera Augmenting number of pixels and camera

featurs (auto focus, zoom, blitz) Applications

Used as a camera to make pictures Transfer to desktop, printer or lab Transfer to other persons or firms Blogging

Used as a scanner to read bar codes Places or things

Wikipedia the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Code93.png

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Datamatrix.svg


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Input mechanisms V

GPS (Global Positioning System) Is beginning to be embedded in high end devices

2006/2007 Barcode scanner and/or RFID (Radio

Frequency Identification) reader Has been available on specialized devices for a

number of years


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Output mechanisms

Screen varies widely from 96x68 black/white Nokia 1110i to 240x320 262144 colors Nokia N73 or 800x352+240x320 Nokia E90

Sound Improved sound generations Voice synthesis

Projector?

http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/tech/200604/kt2006041317401711780.htm


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Wireless communications

Three solutions: Two cooperating devices e.g. a mobile computer and

a mobile phone. Can be connected using a cable, IR (infrared) or BlueTooth

Accessory (e.g. wlan-card) Integrated solution (radio integrated in the device) Several radios integrated in the device

We are movingin this direction.Why?


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Classification of mobile devices

Is this illustration too simple?

From Mallick (2003)


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Web-phones

Mobile phones Voice SMS

Wireless internet applications But display and keyboard are limited

only suitable for applications with limited sets of data

Contains a wireless modem Long battery service time

Nokia 1110i


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Low end smart phones

Similar to web-phones in size and screen Smart phones can run local applications

Applications can be downloaded via radio This is called OTA (Over The Air)-provisioning

Common applications: Games J2ME is the standard programming platform for this

kind of devices. (300 000 000 devices sold until autumn 2004)

Primary use: SMS and Telephony Simple to use


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Top-model smart phone Between the mobile phone and the

PDA in size Many models can be ”opened” to

access larger screen and keyboard Good integration with business

software Approaches PDA

Modell screen memory radios weight opsys

Nokia E90 communicator

800x352240x320

384 MB + 1GB

HSDPA,WCDMA,EGPRS,GPRS,HSCSD, CSD,

WLAN+BT

210 g Symbian series 60

Sony Ericsson

P1

240x320 Farge

160 MB user memory

GSM UMTS WLAN, BT

124 g Symbian


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Top-end smart phones


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Handheld PCs

Designed as Laptops, but smaller

From 1980 Psion Windows CE -> Handheld

PC Often ½ VGA i.e. 480x320 Instant on/off weight ca 0,5 kg Squeezed between PDA and

mini-portable


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Tablet PC Smaller than laptop

weight can be a problem Touch-screen and pen-input

Not as precise as a mouse. Consequences?

Same storage and computing power as a laptop

Advantage over laptop Can easily be used with one

hand without a desk. Advantage over mobile phone

Screen size and computing power


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Notebook/laptop

Advantages: Same operating system and functionality as a desktop

But the computer power is often reduced – why? Can use the same applications Connectivity: an augmenting number of radios are

integrated

WLAN, BlueTooth: Standard in new devices EDGE, UMTS: Can be added using a card

Drawbacks: Weight, Fragility, Battery capacity, Size


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Trends – convergence and improvement

More and more technologies are melting together Mobile phone + PDA + GPS + digital camera +

mp3 and video-player EDGE + UMTS + BlueTooth + WLAN + GPS

in the same device roaming between networks

Cheap devices steadily gets more functionality All devices gets faster processor and more memory All devices gets a colour screen with augmenting

number of pixels and colour depth


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Convergence II

The makers of mobile devices

Wireless equipment

Consumer Electronics

PC IndustryNokia, Ericsson

Sony, Samsung,

Microsoft, Apple, Intel, HP,


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Accessories

Mobile printers Weight ~ 2 kg

Canon PIXMA iP90v


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Conclusion

There is a substansial heterogeneity in mobile devices, but we also see some convergence Consequence: If you develop an application that

must be available for many different diveces it is often more expensive to adapt the application to all the units than it costs to develop it for the first device (Schlickum 2005) Testing demands a great number of units and is

expensive.


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Exercise

Petrine’s Pizza wishes to make it possible to order Pizza from mobile equipment. The custormers should get an answer confirming that the order is received.

What kind of mobile devices should this application be made for?


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Exercise

The maintenance workers of a manufacturing company are servicing machines in production facilities in a number of sites within a large area.For each service job there is an there is an operating procedure and possibly drawings of the equipment to be serviced. The part inventory database and the log for service jobs should also be available and updatable. The service jobs are done regularly on a weekly to yearly schedule. The maintenance is done partly in places that are difficult to access demanding climbing ladders or passing through narrow openings. It is an advantage if the mobile equipment is available when the work is being carried out. The workers also need to communicate with each others and with the maintenance managers. Some of the work places ar without GSM or WLAN coverage.

Suggest mobile devices suitable for supporting the maintenance work and explain why the selected devices are suitable.


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Exercise

You are working with an application to support ornithologists. The main goal of the application is to enable registration of birds in an area. The date being registered are species, number of adults, number of eggs/offspring, date, time and comment. The registered information shall be transferred to a central data base. In rare cases, the ornithologist is in doubt as to which species he is observing. Therefore images and sounds for all species should be available on the mobile device. Some of the areas being observed are outside the coverage area of mobile networks.

Choose a suitable mobile device and explain why this device is appropriate.


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Oppgave

After testing opinion using a questionnaire there is a substantial amount of supplementary work punching the questionnaires into the database of results.

The cost and number of errors committed can be reduced by registering the answer directly into the database while the respondent is answering.

Suggest mobile devices that are practical for the employees of the opinion testing agency when the testing is being done by walking from door to door in an area or by stopping people in the street.

What is the difference between this work situation and that of the mobile maintenance workers?

Can the kind of questions asked in the questionnaire have any influence on what may be regarded as suitable equipment.


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References

Mallick, Martin (2003) Mobile and Wireless Design Essentials

molde university college inf 245 fall 2007 obø 1 inf 245 mobile applications mobile devices ola bø...

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