module 3 personal protective equipment_introl_5-9
TRANSCRIPT
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Personal Protective Equipment
May, 2007
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Learning Objectives
Demonstrate knowledge of the
principles of infection control
Recognize gaps in infection control
infrastructure
Demonstrate proper selection and useof personal protective equipment
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Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) When used properly
can protect you
from exposure toinfectious agents
Know what type of
PPE is necessaryfor the duties youperform and use itcorrectly
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Types of PPE
Gloves
Gowns
Masks (surgical and particulate respirator)
Eye protection (goggles and face shields)
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Precaution Levels
**All levels require hand hygiene**
Standard
Transmission based precautions:
Contact Droplet
Airborne
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Standard Precautions
Prevent the transmission of
common infectious agents
Hand washing key
Assume infectious agent could
be present in the patients
Blood Body fluids, secretions, excretions
Non-intact skin
Mucous membranes
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PPE for Standard Precautions
Wear: Gloves
Gowns
EyeProtectionand / or Mask
If: Touching
Respiratory secretions
Contaminated items or surfaces Blood & body fluids
Soiling clothes with patient bodyfluids, secretions, or excretions
Procedures are likely to generatesplashes / sprays of blood, bodyfluids, secretions, excretions
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Droplet Precautions
Prevent infection by
large droplets from
Sneezing
Coughing
Talking
Examples
Neisseria meningitidis
Pertussis
Influenza
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Transmission of Influenza Viruses
SeasonalInfluenza in
Humans
Current AvianInfluenza in Humans
Droplet most likely
route
possible
Airborne possible atclose distances
possible at close
distances
Contact possible Most likely
(bird to human), and
possible (human to
human)
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Droplet Precautions
Taken in addition to Standard Precautions
Place patients in single rooms or cohort 3 feet apart
Wear surgical mask within 3 feet or 1 meter of patient
Wear face shield or goggles within 3 feet or 1 meter ofpatient
Limit patient movement within facility
Patient wears mask when outside of room
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Airborne Precautions
Taken in addition to Standard Precautions
Prevent spread of infection through inhalable
particles
Examples
Tuberculosis Measles
Varicella
Variola
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Airborne Precautions
Use for confirmed orsuspected avian
influenza cases
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Airborne Precautions for Avian
Influenza N95 respirator (or equivalent) for personnel
Check seal with each use
Patient in isolation
Airborne isolation room, if available Air exhaust to outside or re-circulated with HEPA
filtration
Patient to wear a surgical mask if outside ofthe isolation room
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Sequence for Donning PPE
1. Wash hands
2. Gown
3. N95 Particulate respirator
Perform seal check
4. Hair cover5. Goggles or face shield
6. Gloves
ARS1
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Slide 14
ARS1 I added and boots here because they take them off on the next slide.Amanda Shields, 1/8/2007
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Sequence for Removing PPE
Remove in anteroom when possible
1. Gloves
2. Hand hygiene
3. Gown (and apron, if worn)
4. Goggles
5. Mask
6. Hand hygiene
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Choosing the Appropriate
PPE
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Avian Influenza
Currently not easily transmitted human
to human
Routes of transmission to humans notknown, cannot rule-out any routes
Current transmission from poultry to
human or human to human for H5N1
requires very close contact
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Interviewing - Asymptomatic
Exposed Persons and Contacts Low-risk activity
Routine use of PPE not recommended
Maintain >3 feet distance betweeninterviewer and interviewee
Use proper hand hygiene May use hand sanitizer (at least 60% alcohol) if
hands not visibly soiled
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Interviewing - Symptomatic
Exposed Persons Higher risk activity
PPE recommended in community and
healthcare facility Contact precautions Droplet precautions
N95 respirator
In healthcare facility, person should beplaced in airborne isolation room
Maintain a distance > 3 feet if possible
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Specimen Collection Exposed
Persons and Birds
High-risk aerosol-generating procedure
PPE recommended Gloves
Gown
Goggles or face-shield N95 or better respirator
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Activities
Participate in group discussions using
the Trainee Guide