PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTMillie Tran and Sheryl MajorIndustrial Hygiene ProgramsEnvironmental Health and Safety Dept.(619) 594-2865 or (619) 594-6965

Personal Protective EquipmentIntroductionEye & Face ProtectionHead ProtectionHand ProtectionFoot ProtectionBody ProtectionCourse Test

IntroductionOccupational Health & Safety Administration established 29 CFR 1910.132-138 the Personal Protective Equipment StandardCalOSHA Title 8 3380-3385Briefly stated, this standard requires that employers must provide at no cost to their employees PPE when such equipment is necessary to protect employees from job related injuries, illnesses and fatalities

Payment for PPEWhen PPE is required to protect employees, it must be provided by the employer at no cost to employees, except for specific items, such as:Safety-toe footwearPrescription safety eyewearEveryday clothing and weather-related gearLogging boots

Protecting Employees from Workplace HazardsEmployers must protect employees from workplace hazards and dangerous work procedures that can cause injury, illness and fatalities.Employers must:Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazardsThen use appropriate PPE if these controls do not eliminate hazardsRemember: PPE is the last control

Employer Responsibilities Assessment Employers are required to conduct an assessment to determine the various physical hazards that may be present in your work area Physical hazards include: Sources of motion Sources of high and low temperatures Sources of light radiation welding brazing heat treating high intensity lights Sources of falling objects Sources of sharp objects Sources of rolling or pinching objects Sources of electric hazards Sources of slip, trips, and falls Sources of harmful dusts

Employer ResponsibilitiesAssessmentAs part of the assessment, employers must also determine the various health hazards that may be present in your work area Health hazards include: Types of chemicals hazards Sources of biological hazards Sources of nuclear radiation

Employer Responsibilities Selection and Provision of PPEOnce your area has been assessed, your employer must select, with your help, appropriate personal protection equipment for you to use while performing your job Once your area has been assessed, your employer must provide, at no cost to you, appropriate personal protection equipment that fits, for you to use while performing your job NOTE: If you have your own personal protective equipment, it must be approved by your employer before you can use it on the job. Check with your supervisor or safety manager before using your own equipment In addition to providing you with PPE, your employer must maintain the PPE used by employees. If a piece of PPE cannot be repaired, it must be discarded and replaced.Your employer must maintain records of the workplace assessment and of your training

Employee ResponsibilitiesYou are responsible for attending all PPE training sessions You are responsible for wearing your assigned PPEFollow ALL Warnings and Precautions Take time to read any and all warnings and precautions that may appear on tools, equipment, chemicals, MSDSs, and personal protective equipment Listen and Follow Directions Listen and follow the directions that you may be given by your supervisor or safety manager. They want you to return home today, and everyday, safe and sound to your family and friends Report Report any and ALL unsafe conditions you may find in your work area to your supervisor or safety manager. REMEMBER: Safety is a team effort!

Is This An Appropriate Hard Hat?

Is This An AppropriateRespirator?

Is This an AppropriateWelders Mask?

Is This an AppropriateScaffolding?

Training Employees required to use PPE must be trained to know at least the followingWhen PPE is necessaryWhat type of PPE is necessaryHow to properly put on, take off, adjust, and wearLimitations of the PPEProper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal

Eye and Face ProtectionWhy Eye and Face Protection is ImportantThousands of people are blinded each year from work related eye injuries. Injuries that could have been prevented, if only people would have used eye or face protection.

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of eye/face hazardsImpactHeatChemicalsDustLight and/or Radiation

Eye and Face ProtectionPotential Incidences of Eye/Face HazardsObject Striking EyesDusts, Powders, Fumes, and Mists Small particles of matter can enter your eyes and damage them. Operations such as grinding, chiseling, sanding, hammering, and spraying can create small airborne particles Contact with ChemicalsToxic Gases, Vapors, and Liquids Toxic chemicals in the form of gases, vapors, and liquids can damage your eyes. Always read the appropriate MSDS before working with any hazardous material. Always check with your supervisor or safety manager to learn the type of eye or face protection you will need to use in order to work safely

Eye and Face ProtectionPotential Incidences of Eye/Face Hazards Swinging ObjectsLarge objects such as: 1. swinging chains, cables and ropes; 2. tools that are thrown or fall; Thermal and Radiation Hazards Operations such as welding, metal cutting, and working around furnaces can expose your eyes to heat, glare, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation

Eye and Face ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsMachine Guards Many types of machines such as lathes, grinders, and sanders are equipped with guards, shields and screens Work Area Barriers Operations such as sanding, grinding, welding, and lathe operations produce dust, vapors, and flying particles. To protect other workers, work area barriers such as movable screens and barriers should be set up to separate workers and bystanders from hazardous operations

Eye and Face ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsVentilation Ventilation, along with damping systems, can significantly reduce the amount of airborne particles that could be hazardous to your eyesLighting Good lighting reduces eye strain and glare

Eye and Face ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsSigns and Warnings Obstructions and protruding objects should be identified and marked Eyewash Stations Eyewash stations should be located within 100 feet of your work area. If you accidentally get something in your eyes, go directly to the eyewash station and flush your eyes with water for 15 minutes. Be sure to hold your eyes open with your fingers and "look" directly into the water streams.

Eye and Face ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsSafe Work Practices Read and follow all warnings and precautions that may be found on equipment and hazardous materials Do not throw tools or participate in horseplay Keep sharp or pointed objects away from youreyes Follow your supervisor's or safety manager'ssuggestions and recommendations for workingsafely

Eye and Face ProtectionProper Fit and Use of PPEMust be right PPE for right jobEx. Safety glasses are not sufficient eye protection for working with chemicalsMust stay on face during all work activitiesEx. Should not slide off face or pinch side of head and create a headache

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of Eye and Face Personal Protective Equipment

Safety Glasses much stronger and more resistant to impact and heat than regular glasses equipped with side shields that give you protection from hazards that may not be directly in front of you Safety glasses should be Z-87 approved to meet OSHA regulations Should fit comfortable on face through all job tasks. Ensure that glasses are not too big or too tightLimitationDoes not seal around eyes, could allow small droplets to come in contact with eyes

Eye and Face ProtectionRegular glasses or sunglasses are not appropriate SAFETY GLASSES

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of Eye and Face Personal Protective Equipment

Goggles surround the eye area, they give you more protection in situations where you might encounter splashing liquids, fumes, vapors, powders, dusts, and mists must indicate that they are chemical splash goggles to be worn for that purpose LimitationUncomfortable to wear with other head gear like helmet, ear muffs or respirator

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of Eye and Face Personal Protective EquipmentFace Shields full face protection used around operations which expose you to molten metal, chemical splashes, or flying particles Can be used simultaneously as a hard hatLimitationsAre not considered eye protection, will need to wear goggles or glasses underneathCan fog up if working in poorly ventilated area

Eye and Face ProtectionFace shield used by an employee working with molten metalThe molten metal bubbled and burst onto the face shield of the employeeThe employee did not receive any injuries from the incident

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of Eye and Face Personal Protective Equipment

Welding Helmets provide both face and eye protection use special absorptive lenses that filter the intense light and radiant energy that is produced during welding operations LimitationsHeavy and hot, fog upMust wear safety glasses or goggles underneath helmet

Eye and Face ProtectionTypes of Eye and Face Personal Protective EquipmentAbsorptive Lenses additional protection if you must work where there is bright light or glare LimitationsMust be used in conjunction with safety glasses or goggles

Eye and Face ProtectionSafety Tip

Contact LensesWear your contacts with caution if you workin areas where you might be exposed tofumes, dusts, powders, vapors, chemicalsplashes, molten metals, or intense heat,light or glare Some chemicals can react with contacts and cause permanent injury

Eye and Face ProtectionCare of Eye Protection Equipment Clean your eye protection equipment. You can usually use mild soap and water Never useabrasive soaps, rough paper, or cloth towels Keep PPE in good working conditionIf damaged, replace as soon as possibleStore your eye protection equipment in asanitary, cool, dry area away from moisture Read the manufacturer's directions and warnings before using any eye protection equipment If you have any questions concerning your eyeprotection equipment, talk with your supervisoror safety manager

Head ProtectionWhy is Head Protection Important?In and around your head are: Your eyes, with which you see Your ears, with which you hear Your nose, with which you smell Your mouth, with which you eat and speak Your brain, with which you think Injuries to the head are very serious. For this reason, head protection and safety are very important .

Head ProtectionTypes of Head hazardsImpact Electric shockDrips

Head ProtectionPotential Incidences of Head HazardsImpactFalling or flying objectsfalling or walking into hard objectsinjuries include neck sprains, concussions, and skull fracturesElectric ShockLive exposed electric wiresInjuries include electrical shocks and burns DripsToxic liquids such as acids, caustics, and molten metals can irritate and burn the head/scalp.

Head ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsSafe Work PracticesGrounded equipment/shock resistant toolsSigns posted warning of hazards

Head ProtectionTypes of Head PPEHard hatsA rigid shell that resists and deflects blows tothe head A suspension system inside the hat that acts asa shock absorber Some hats serve as an insulator againstelectrical shocks Shields your scalp, face, neck, and shouldersagainst splashes, spills, and drips Some hard hats can be modified so you can add face shields, goggles, hoods, or hearing protection to them

Head ProtectionTypes of Head PPEClass A Hard Hats Protect you from falling objects Protect you from electrical shocks up to 2,200 volts Class B Hard Hats Protect you from falling objects Protect you from electrical shocks up to 20,000volts Class C Hard Hats Protect you from falling objects Bump Caps Bump caps are made from lightweight plastic and are designed to protect you from bumping your head on protruding objects

Head ProtectionModification of Hard HatDrilled holes for venting reliefInserted pencil holder on hat for easy retrievalHard hat from employee holding ladderEmployee on ladder dropped screw driverScrew driver landed on hard hat and stuck in

Head ProtectionHard hat test performed by AirforceThe Airforce hard hats are different in shape but are rated the same for impact

Head ProtectionProper use and care of hard hatAlways wear your hard hat while you areworking in areas where there are potential headhazards Adjust the suspension inside your hard hat sothat the hat sits comfortably, but securely onyour head Inspect the shell of your hard hat for cracks,gouges, and dents. Inspect the suspension system for frayed or broken straps. If your hardhat needs to be repaired, have it repaired immediately or ask your employer for a new onePlace plastic (non-metal) reflective tape on hat if working at night Never paint, scratch or drill "air holes" in your hard hat Never carry personal belongings such ascigarettes, lighters, or pens in your hard hat

Head ProtectionCare and Maintenance of Hard HatClean your hard hat at least once a month by soaking it in asolution of mild soap and hot water for 5-10minutes Because sunlight and heat can damage thesuspension of your hat, always store your hat ina clean, dry, and cool location

Hand ProtectionWhy is Hand Protection Important?It has been estimated that almost 20% of all disabling accidents on the job involve the hands Without your fingers or hands, your ability to work would be greatly reduced

Hand ProtectionTypes of Hand HazardsTraumatic Injuries Contact Injuries Repetitive Motion Injuries

Hand ProtectionPotential Incidences of Hand HazardsTraumatic InjuriesTools and machines with a sharp edges cancut your hands. Staples, screwdrivers, nails, chisels, and stiffwire can puncture your hands. Getting your hands caught in machinery cansprain, crush, or remove your hands andfingers

Hand ProtectionPotential Incidences of Hand HazardsContact InjuriesComing into contact with caustic or toxic chemicals, biological substances, electrical sources, or extremely cold or hot objects can irritate or burn your hands WARNING: Toxic substances are poisonous substances that can be absorbed through your skin and enter your body.Repetitive Motion Injuries Whenever you repeat the same hand movement over a long period of time, you run the risk of repetitive motion problems Repetitive motion problems often appear as a numbness or tingling sensation accompanied by pain and the loss of gripping power in your hands

Hand ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsEngineering Controls Machine guardsProceduresLock out/Tag outHousekeeping and Hygiene Poorly maintained machinery, tools, sloppy work areas, and cluttered aisles all contribute to hand injuries

Hand ProtectionProper Fit and Use of PPESelect and use the right kind of glove for the job you are going to be performing Check fit, always use correct sizeMake sure chemical resistant to chemical being usedInspect your gloves before you use them Remove any rings, watches, or bracelets thatmight cut or tear your gloves Lookfor holes and cracks that might leak Replace gloves that are worn or torn

Hand ProtectionNever wear gloves around powered rotatingequipment - drills, lathes, etc

Hand ProtectionTypes of Hand PPEGloves Metal mesh gloves resist sharp edges and prevent cuts Leather gloves shield your hands from rough surfaces Vinyl and neoprene gloves protect your hands against toxic chemicals Rubber gloves protect you when working around electricity

Hand ProtectionTypes of Hand PPEGlovesPadded cloth gloves protect your hands from sharp edges, slivers, dirt, and vibration Heat resistant gloves protect your hands from heat and flames Latex disposable gloves used to protect your hands from germs and bacteriaLead-lined gloves used to protect your hands from radiation sources

Hand ProtectionTypes of Hand PPEForearm Cuffs used to protect yourforearm Thumb Guards and Finger Cots protect only your thumb or fingers Mittens protect your hands while workingaround very cold or hot materials Hand Pads Hand pads protect your handswhile working around very hot materials

Foot ProtectionWhy is Foot Protection Important?The human foot is rigid enough to support the weight of your entire body, and yet flexible enough to allow you to run, dance, play sports, and to take you anywhere you want to go. Without your feet and toes, your ability to work at your job would be greatly reduced.

Foot ProtectionTypes of Foot HazardsImpact Injuries Injuries from Spills and Splashes Compression Injuries Electrical Shocks Extremes in Cold, Heat, and Moisture Slipping

Foot ProtectionPotential Incidences of Foot HazardsImpact Injuries At work, heavy objects can fall on your feet. If you work around sharp objects, you can step on something sharp and puncture your foot Injuries from Spills and Splashes Liquids such as acids, caustics, and molten metals can spill into your shoes and boots. These hazardous materials can cause chemical and heat burns

Foot ProtectionPotential Incidences of Foot HazardsCompression Injuries Heavy machinery, equipment, and other objects can roll over your feet. The result of these types of accidents is often broken or crushed bones Electrical Shocks Accidents involving electricity can cause severe shocks and burns

Foot ProtectionPotential Incidences of Foot HazardsExtremes in Cold, Heat, and MoistureIf not protected, your feet can suffer from frostbite if you must work in an extremely cold environment. Extreme heat, on the other hand, can blister and burn your feet. Finally, extreme moisture in your shoes or boots can lead to fungal infectionsSlipping Oil, water, soaps, wax, and other chemicals can cause you to slip and fall

Foot ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsHousekeeping Poorly maintained machinery, tools, sloppy work areas, and cluttered aisles all contribute to foot injuries SignsIdentify temporary slip/trip areas

Foot ProtectionProper Fit and Use of PPESelect and use the right kind of footwear for the job you are going to be performing. Footwear should meet or exceed the standards set by ANSI (ANSI Z41-1991) Proper fitCorrect protection for job taskInspect your footwear before you use them Look for holes and cracks that might leak Replace footwear that are worn or torn When working with chemicalshose your footwear with water to rinse away any chemicals or dirt before removing your footwear Store footwear in a clean, cool, dry, ventilated area

Foot ProtectionTypes of Foot PPESafety Shoes and Boots Steel toe footwear protects your toes from falling objects and from being crushed Metatarsal footwear special guards that run from your ankle to your toes and protect your entire foot Reinforced sole footwear metal reinforcement that protects your foot from punctures Latex/Rubber footwear resists chemicals and provides extra traction on slippery surfaces

Foot ProtectionType of Foot PPESafety Shoes and Boots PVC footwear protects your feet against moisture and improves traction Butyl footwear protects against most ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, acids, salts, and alkalies Vinyl footwear resists solvents, acids, alkalies, salts, water, grease, and blood Nitrile footwear resists animal fats, oils, and chemicals

Foot ProtectionTypes of Foot PPESafety Shoes and BootsElectrostatic dissipating footwear conducts static electricity to floors that are grounded Electrical hazard footwear insulated with tough rubber to prevent shocks and burns from electricity Disposable footwear includes shower slippers, clear polyethylene and non-woven booties used in dust free work areas

Foot ProtectionEmployee ran over foot with lawn mowerNotice the damage to the shoeThe steel toe insert is lying in the grass next to perfectly fine toesThis employee received no injuries during this incident

Body ProtectionWhy is Body Protection Important?The skin acts as a natural barrier to the elementsChemicals can break down the skin barrier and allow secondary infections to manifest

Body ProtectionTypes of Body HazardsTemperature stressChemical ContactRadiation

Body ProtectionPotential Incidences of Body HazardsTemperature stressExposure to heat (hot metals) or cold (dry ice) which results in burnsChemical ContactChemical splashContact with potentially infectious materialsRadiation

Body ProtectionElimination or Control of HazardsSignageCommunication of hot/cold or radiationPhysical BarriersMetal shielding or cement barrierSplash guards on chemical hoodsClosed chemical systems

Body ProtectionProper Fit and Use of PPESelect and use the right kind of body protection for the job you are going to be performingMake sure chemical resistant to what working withInspect your aprons/body shields before you use themStore body protection in a clean, cool, dry, ventilated area

Body ProtectionTypes of Body PPEInsulated Coats and PantsFire resistantHeat resistantCold resistantSleeves and ApronsWork well when pouring or manipulating chemical to reduce splashMake sure the sleeves and aprons are appropriate for the chemical

Body ProtectionTypes of Body ProtectionCoverallsTyvek use for particulate filtering such as asbestosChemical rated Full body suitHazardous materials handlingCarbon filtering for emergency response

Body Protection

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