mobility aircraft interoperability in a multi-domain …€¦ · mobility aircraft interoperability...
TRANSCRIPT
(A/TA SEMINAR BRIEF)
Daniel Malloy
LM Aero SoSITE Program ManagerLM Aero ADP
MOBILITY AIRCRAFT INTEROPERABILITY IN A MULTI-DOMAIN ENVIRONMENT
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REALIZING MULTI-DOMAIN DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE
• Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) require increased warfighter speed in DATA TO DECISION
- Platforms need to be interoperable in a dynamic Command & Control (C2) architecture
- Operations based on heterogenous distributed platforms, sensors, weapons, and applications
- Decision making is distributed across the battlespace
• Datalink communications, machine-to-machine information exchange, and automated/autonomous decision aids are key enablers for realizing this MDO architecture
• USAF is developing and maturing foundational technology through flight test demonstrations to realize MDO sooner than thought possible
• Two key MDO enabling technologies:
- FLEXIBLE AUTONOMY FRAMEWORK to enable enhanced Situational Awareness (SA) and mission management (C2) with minimum impact on Pilot/Operator workload
- “STITCHES” technology developed under DARPA's SoSITE Program to enable interoperability
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MULTI-DOMAIN OPERATIONS (MDO) VISION
To Produce High-velocity, operationally agile ops that present multiple dilemmas for an adversary at an operational tempo they cannot match
• Interoperability across various mission systems
• Fast-track ability to develop, deploy and field capabilities
• Accelerate sharing of information and decision making
Resilient - Distributed - Multi Domain -Open Architecture - Platform Agnostic - Affordable
Every Node Connects – Shares – Learns
Involves Multi-Domain Planning…and Execution
Multi-Domain Operations:Warfare that operates using the integrated capabilities of:• Space• Air• Land• Surface• Cyber
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OODA LOOP: DECISION SUPERIORITY
Need to shrink our decision loop and keep it inside the adversary’s decision loop
Observe, Orient, Decide, Act (OODA) Loop – Developed by Col. John Boyd USAF
OODA Loop
• What is the threat• Where is the threat• How am I oriented to the threat• Where are other mission assets• Who can respond• What capability do they have
• What needs to be done about threat• What are ways to mitigate threat• Select mitigation• Enable mitigation
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VISION: RETHINKING PLATFORMS AS PART OF A MULTI-DOMAIN SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS
Platform
Mission Systems• Platforms• Pilot/Operators• Communications
System of Systems(SoS)
Mission Systems• Weapons• Battle Manager• Communications
Mission Systems• Electronic Warfare• Communications
System-of-Systems Architecture (SoS) = Platforms + mission systems + distribution of mission systems information and C2 across platforms
Rethinking Current & Future Military
Systems
Enablers• Open System Architectures• Autonomous Applications• System Interoperability
Mission Systems• Pilot/Operator• Mission SA / C2• Communications
Mission Systems• Sensor• Communications
Mission Systems• Weapons• Battle Manager• Communications
Combat Cloud
AOC Node
Mission Systems• Sensor• Communications
Mission Systems• Mission SA / C2• Communications
Mission Systems• Mission SA / C2• Communications
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CROSS-DOMAIN APPLICATIONS
Naval Integrated Fire Control – Counter-air (NIFC-CA)
• Elevated, Forward Sensors Data-Linked to Shooters
• Shortens Kill Chain…Moves Engagement Earlier
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FLIGHT DEMONSTRATIONS
• Demo'ing building blocks for future MDO
• 5th to 5th and 5th to 4th Comms
• Multi-Level Security, Open Sys Arch.
• High Assurance computing (where needed)
• Common Mission C2, EW, Weapons Integration
• Multi-Domain: Air-Space Integration
• SoS Engineering
Enterprise-OSA Mission Computer
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HUMAN AUGMENTATION, MACHINE AUTONOMY
Decision aids and Flexible autonomy to deal with complexity
“The complexity of integrating
forces has eclipsed the
human’s ability to make timely
decisions, synchronize fires,
and optimize allocation of
resources.”
- Navy Fleet Forces Command N8/N9
Acquisition and Trust Timeline
Data Analytics Decision Aids Full Autonomy
ManualControl
FullAutonomy
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SOS INTEGRATION
Allows forces to rapidly reconfigure and prevail over any threat
• System of Systems Integration Technology Experimentation (SoSITE)
- Goal: Seamless and rapid integration across air, space, land, sea and cyber in contested environments
- STITCHES: Novel integration technology
- EMC2 Box: Open computing environment and security protections between systems
• Demonstrating rapid and affordable integration of mission systems into existing and new architectures
Tactical / Strategic System of Systems
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FLEXIBLE AUTONOMY
SCALABLE & FLEXIBLE AUTONOMY FRAMEWORK
Building Trust In Autonomy, With The Warfighter “On The Loop” vs. “In The Loop” For Faster Data To Decision
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DEVSECOPS SOFTWARE BASELINE APPROACH TO ENABLE AFFORDABLE AND RAPID SOLUTIONS
• USG-Owned H/W & S/W Standards (OMS/UCI)
• Plugin-based, Operator Verified HMI
• Proven Modular architecture to support centralized or distributed solutions
• Algorithm agnostic, supports third party business logic
OPEN ARCHITECTURE COMPLIANT
INTUITIVE HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE
DEPLOYABLE ON
COTS H/W
DEVSECOPS: integrating security practices within the DevOps process. DevSecOps involves creating a 'Security as Code' culture with ongoing, flexible collaboration between release engineers and security teams
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FLEXIBLE AUTONOMY PROVEN AND ESSENTIAL FOR MDO
Flexible, Autonomous Framework Ready to Transition Across All Multi-Domain Operations
• MDO Applicability
- Provides domain agnostic automation tools
• Feasibility
- Proven, High-Technology Readiness Level
- Open System Architecture systems already in USAF operations
• Scalability
- Intuitive automation easily able to scale from tactical to ops & to all services /agencies
• Warfighter Impact
- Provides decreases in warfighter cognitive workload and reduces operational manning requirements by building trust in autonomous system operations
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DARPA SoSITE PROGRAM & STITCHESSystem of Systems Integration Technology Experimentation (SoSITE)
&
System-of-systems Technology Integration Tool Chain For Heterogenous Electronic Systems (STITCHES)
THE CHALLENGE OF INTEGRATING A SYSTEM OF SYSTEMS
Standards enable swift integration, but maintaining backwards-compatibility and “future-proofing” slows progress
Source: https://xkcd.com/927/
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Accomplishments
• Multiple SoS architectures were created during
“Gauntlets”: rapid integration events lasting 1-2 weeks
• Gauntlet workup 3-4 months, average < $500K, small teams of
< 5 personnel per subsystem
• SoS integration occurs < hours
• The STITCHES tool chain was used by industry and
government teams to integrate existing DoD systems
during these SoSITE Gauntlets
• Gauntlet-3: rapid SoS creation: 45 minutes to create
automated cooperative jamming via datalink
• Gauntlet-4: real-time ATO kill chain: reduced task time of a
new mission to <10 minutes
• Gauntlet-5: automated & distributed EW protection
• Gauntlet-6: integrated key threat & no-fly data between
several Command & Control (C2) systems
• Gauntlet-7: integrated naval EW systems to enable
shared detections
System of Systems Integration Technology and Experimentation (SoSITE)
Hypothesis: System of Systems Approach Provides Increased Mission Utility, Cost Leverage, and Adaptability
ATO: Air Tasking OrderEW: Electronic Warfare
SoS: System of SystemsSTITCHES: SoS Technology Integration Tool Chain for Heterogeneous Electronic Systems
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Objective: Integrate new & existing systems faster than
the measure-countermeasure cycle (nominally 90 days)
Approach: Use automated toolchain to integrate
multiple stand-alone subsystems into a new SoS
• SoS defined by needed capability, not limited by standards
• Global interoperability without global standards; use database
to automatically translate messages between subsystems
• Use rapid integration events to reduce risk of adopting new
architectures
SoSITE integrates via a new toolchain called STITCHES
STITCHES Example:
Integrate a Radar and Targeting Pod
SubsystemsExisting physical
connections or
datalinks
Subsystem
Core2. SS interfaces are written
to separate STITCHES from
the SS core software &
handle message (M) traffic
4. SoS message (M) translation
software is automatically
generated by searching the
FTG for existing message pairs
Note: Translations are
optimized and at least as fast
and precise as those created
by hand
17Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
1. Both subsystems (SS) are
modeled in the FTG
The STITCHES toolchain:• automatically creates
translations between any two
well-formed specifications
• is independent of existing
subsystem standards
• combines a graph-based
database with a custom
computer language designed
for integration
• uses modern compiler theory
to optimize the translations
FTG: Field and Transform Graph. A set of XML files used to
model subsystems and their connections.
Message (M): data passed between subsystems; logically
represented as “Fields” in FTG files. Visually depicted as
“nodes” in a graph
Transform: a conversion between two or more Messages (M)
or “Fields”. Visually depicted as “edges” in a graph
SS: Subsystem, the individual components of a SoS
SoS: System of Systems
STITCHES: SoS Technology Integration Tool Chain for
Heterogeneous Electronic Systems
3. Transforms are written to
connect each new SS into
the existing FTG
FTG Repository
EXAMPLE: CONSENSUS NETWORK• Organization A uses Geodetic coordinates in its systems to report Location
• Organization B uses Earth-Centered-Inertial (ECI) to report Position
• Organization C uses the Military Grid Reference System to report Place
• A and B agree on precise rules to translate to and from Geodetic and ECI
• B and C develop precise rules to translate to and from ECI and MGRS
• Use the pair-wise agreements (A-B & B-C) to achieve interoperability between
A & C
• A Consensus Network!
• Organization D, a British company, uses British National Grid for Spot
• D simply agrees on translations with one of the three, e.g. Organization A, to
attain interoperability with all of the three:
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SOSITE RAPID INTEGRATION EXPERIMENT SUCCESS STORIES
[Jan 2018] FE-2: MUMT Flight Experiment
[Dec 2018] Gauntlet-6: Integrated Airborne and Distributed C2 Lab Test
[June 2018] Gauntlet-4: Real-Time ATO & Automated Kill Chain Flight Test
[Sept 2018] Gauntlet-5: Distributed EW Command & Control
[Feb 2019] Gauntlet-7: Navy Integrated Fires Lab Test Flight
Lab
SOSITE HAS PERFORMED 9 FLIGHT AND LAB EXPERIMENTS INTEGRATING 73 UNIQUE SYSTEMSDistribution Statement “A” (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited)Distribution Statement “A” (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited)
SUMMARY
MDO capability is closer than some think…
Close collaboration with DOD is critical
• Fielding of distributed system-of-systems capability possible in near term
• MDO-related flight demos prove platforms can be modernized / connected together efficiently - Exploring CONOPs to allow rapid decision making
- Advancing enabling technologies to make MDO a reality
• To be most effective, close industry-military relationships are essential- Tie materiel designs and operating concepts
(CONOPS, user feedback, testing / certification issues, etc)
Distribution Statement “A” (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited)
Distribution Statement “A” (Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited)