mmh 2016

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MANUAL

MATERIALHANDLING

PSKE 2016

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Manual Handling

Manual handling refers to any activity requiring a person touse any part of their muscular or skeletal system in

their interactions with their work environment.

It includes the following activities:

Carrying

Lifting

Pushing

Pulling

Holding

hrowing!triking

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Manual Handling

It also describes tasks

involving:

"#posureto

$i%ration

&epetitive actions !ustained postures

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Why do you need to knowmore about Manual

Handling

To !re"ent and to redu#e the $e"erity o% in&urie$

re$ulting %rom manual handling ta$k$ in thework!la#e'

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Symptoms

'ack or neck pain

Pain in wrists shoulder or

arms

!ta%%ing pains in armsor legs

Painful (oints

Pain) tingling or

num%ness in hands orfeet

Clumsiness 'urning sensations

!tiffness

!welling

If you start to experience any of these symptoms,

Don’t ignore them

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!hree Steps to "educe ManualHandling In#uries

( • Identifying manual handling ha*ards

)• $ssessing the risk of those manual handling

ha*ards identified causing in(ury

*• %liminating the risk) or if not practica%le

reduce the risk to the lowest practica%le level

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Ri$k Identi+#ation

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Ri$k A$$e$$mentShould Occur:

BEFORE

• Undertaking a manual handling ta$k

AFTER

• In&ury

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$ssessing the "isks

&ody posture

'orce

"epetition of

movements

Speed of

movements

(ibration

• Duration

)orkplace or

*orkstation layout +ther *ork

conditions

haracteristics of the

item -ocation of ob#ects

and distances moved

)ork organisation

and systems of *ork

!he next step is to assess *hich factors are

contributing to the risk of in#ury. "isk factors to beconsidered:

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Ri$k A$$e$$mentRi$k A$$e$$ment o% ri$k in#lude$ a

&udgement o%,• The likelihood o% an in&ury o##urring-and• The #on$e.uen#e and $e"erity o% any

in&ury

And #on$ider the$e %a#tor$,• a#tion$ / mo"ement$• work!la#e and work$tation layout• working !o$ture and !o$ition

• duration and %re.uen#y o% manual handling• lo#ation o% load$ and di$tan#e$ mo"ed• #hara#teri$ti#$ o% load$ and e.ui!ment• $kill$- training and e0!erien#e

• !er$onal #hara#teri$ti#$ and $!e#ial need$ o% em!loyee$

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Ri$k A$$e$$mentConsequences

1 – InsignificantDealt with by in-house first aid,

etc

2 – Minor Medical help

needed.Treatment by

medicalprofessional/hospital outpatient,

etc

3 – ModerateSignificant

non-permanentinjury.

!ernighthospitalisation

"inpatient#

4 – Major $%tensi!epermanent

injury"eg loss offinger/s#

$%tended

hospitalisation

5 – CatastrophicDeath.

&ermanent disablinginjury

"eg blindness, lossof hand/s

Lik

elihood

A 'lmost certainto occur in mostcircumstances

(igh "(# (igh "(# $%treme ")# $%treme ")# $%treme ")#

*i+ely to occurfreuently

Medium "M# (igh "(# (igh "(# $%treme ")# $%treme ")#

C

&ossible andli+ely to occur atsome time

*ow "*# Medium "M# (igh "(# $%treme ")# $%treme ")#

!

nli+ely to occurbut couldhappen

*ow "*# *ow "*# Medium "M# (igh "(# $%treme ")#

"

May occur butonly in rare and

e%ceptionalcircumstances

*ow "*# *ow "*# Medium "M# (igh "(# (igh "(#

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%liminating /or ontrolling0the "isk

Hierarchy of ontrols

"LIMI#A$I%#

&'&$I$'$I%#

"#(I#"")I#(

A!MI#

**"

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1ontrol o% Manual HandlingRi$k/$Must you handle the object or

underta+e the tas+$liminate the Tas+

(Don’t do it!)

es

0o

0o

&top++ Look++ $hink++

Do you really ('1$ to perform

the tas+ in a way which may

e%pose you to injury

*ist your other Safer

ptions

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3ontinued on ne%t slide4..

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Substitute

5s elimination/reduction of

ris+ by redesign practicable

$ngineer

5s reduction of ris+ by

mechanical aids possible

Training

6educe the ris+ by training

and education

0o 0o

ptions

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ptions

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Manual handling training

7ac+ care and stretching

&ersonal 8itness training

Specific physiotherapy training

ccupational therapy training

'greed staff responses

&rotecti!e beha!iour training

6is+ 3ontrol &lan

"To be written in consultation with (ealth and Safety 6epresentati!e and $mployees#

Short Term "5ndicate time frame#94444444444444444444444444444444444444

444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444..

*ong Term "5ndicate time frame#94444444444444444444444444444444444444

444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444..

es es es

)ele,ant parties consulted- . / # Controls i0ple0ented- . / #

&olutions e,aluated to ensure the are effecti,e- . / #

Site Manager/*ine manager "signature#444444..4444 Date4444444444.

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(2

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(3

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(4

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(5

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(6

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)7

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)(

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))

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NI89H :National In$titute o% 8##u!ational 9a%ety and Health;

• NI89H mengembangkan $uatu !er$amaan untukmembantu ahli ergonomi dan !rakti$i<!rakti$ike$elamatan dan ke$ehatan ker&a

• Tahun (65( =9imetri>

• Tahun (66( =A$imetri>• Tu&uan , untuk membantu men#egah atau

mengurangi ke&adian $akit !unggung dan #ederake#il yang terkait dengan mengangkat

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• NI89H- menyediakan $uatu metoda untukmenentukan dua bata$an berat/beban yangdihubungkan dengan dua tingkatan re$ikokerugian yang balik'

NI89H (65(,(' ?ata$ tindakan =AL, A#tion Limit>

)' ?ata$ mak$imum teri@inkan =ML,Ma0imumermi$$ible Limit>

.

NI89H (66(RWL =Re#ommended Weight Limit >

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Recommended WeightLimit (RWL)• Recommended Weight Limit meru!akan

rekomenda$i bata$ beban yang da!at diangkat

oleh manu$ia tan!a menimbulkan #idera

me$ki!un !eker&aan ter$ebut dilakukan $e#ara

repetitive dan dalam &angka waktu yang #uku!

lama'

• RWL ini diteta!kan oleh NI89H !ada tahun (66(

di Amerika 9erikat

ecommen e

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ecommen eWeight Limit(RWL)

RWL = LC x HM x VM x DM x AM x FM x CM

Multipliers

Load Constant

Recommended Weight Limit

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)4

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Recommended WeightLimit (RWL)L1 , kon$tanta !embebanan B )* kg

HM , %aktor !engali hori@ontal B )2 / H

DM , %aktor !engali !er!indahan B 7-5) C -2 / D

M ,Faktor !engali "ertikal B( 7'77*)3 0 I <36 IAM, %aktor !engali a$imetrik B ( 7-77*) A

FM , %aktor !engali %rekuen$i =Fre.uen#y

Multi!lier> lihat tabel (1M , %aktor !engali ko!ling =handle> lihat tabel )

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NI89H Li%tingE.uationRWL• rin#i!le o% Li%ting

2

2

!

3

3

4

Ankles

od1 Midline

2

2

!

3

3

4

Ankles

od1 Midline

START

FINISH

FINISH

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• H B Jarak hori@ontal antara!o$i$i beban $ebelum dan$e$udah diangkat =!o$i$itangan yang memegang

beban dengan titik tengahantara mata kaki $ebelumbeban diangkat>

• BJarak "ertikal antara !o$i$ibeban $ebelum dan $e$udah

diangkat• D BJarak "ertikal ke$eluruhan

!engangkatan

• A B9udut $imetri !utaran yang

dibentuk antara tangan dankaki

2

2

!

3

3

4

Ankles

od1 Midline

2

2

!

3

3

4

Ankles

od1 Midline

START

FINISH

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Jika LI≤

(- maka akti"ita$ ter$ebut tidakmengandung re$iko #idera tulang belakang Jika LI K (- maka akti"ita$ ter$ebut mengandungre$iko #idera tulang belakang

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1ontoh RWL

• 9eorang !eker&a mengambil kotak dengan berat 2 kg di ata$

kon"eyor (2 #m dan mengangkat ke $ebuah me&a dengan

ketinggian ()2 #m dari lantai' Jarak beban terhada! titik

!u$at tubuh di awal !engangkatan adalah *2 #m dandi!indahkan !ada &arak 27 #m' 9udut $imetri !utaran yang

dibentuk tubuh 2o' Jika $elama 57 menit !eker&a ter$ebut

melakukan !engangkatan $ebanyak )) kali- ?era!a bata$

beban yang direkomenda$ikan A!akah !eker&aan ter$ebut

dikategorikan aman atau tidak =diketahui Handle 1ou!ling

dalam kategori Fair>

•

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enyele$aian

• L= 5 kg

• LC = 23 kg

• $tart B (2 #m

• end B ()2 #m

• Handle Fair B 7-62

• D B ((7 #m

• H $tart B *2 #m

• H end B 27 #m

• A B 2o

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• L1 B )*

• HM$tart B )2/H B )2/*2 B 7-4(

• HMend B )2/H B )2/27 B 7-2

• M $tart B (< 7-77*)3 I (2<36I B 7-5)

• M end B (< 7-77*)3 I ()2<36I B 7-5(4

• DMB 7-5) C -2/D B 7-5) C -2/((7 B 7-53(

• AM $tart B ( 7-77*) A B (

• AM end B (< 7-77*) =27> B 7-523

• FM B )) li%t/57 mnt B )-5 B * (round up) 7-46=Tabel>

• 1M B 7-62

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9ehingga ,

RWL B L1 HM M DM AM FM 1M

RWL $tart B =)*> =7'4(> =7'5)> =7'53(> =(> =7'46>=7'62>

B 5-4RWL end B =)*> =7'2> =7'5(4 =7'53(> =7'523> =7'46>

=7'62>

B 2-*)

kemudian men#ari Li%ting Inde0LI start = L/RWL= 5/8,74 = 0,57

LI en = 5/5,1!7 = 0,!6

LI (- maka akti"ita$ ter$ebut tidak mengandungre$iko #idera tulang belakang'

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NI89H, The Fa#tor$

Symbol Name Source

RWL Recommended Weight Limit [kg or N]

LC Load Constant 23 kg or 226 N

HM Horizontal Mlti!lier 2"#H $H [cm] at start end o% li%t&

'M 'ertical Mlti!lier ( ) *+,++326-'.6/-0

$' [cm] at start end o% li%t&

1M 1istance Mlti!lier +,2 *4,"#10 $1 [cm] is total 5erticaldistance li%ted&

M re7enc8 Mlti!lier 9ra!hs: li%ts#min ; <ork dration

M s8mmetric Mlti!lier ( ) +,++32 $angle [deg] at start

end o% li%t <ith res!ect to sagittal >od8midline&

CM Co!ling Mlti!lier 9ra!hs: 7alit8 o% ?gras!ing@ or?gri!!ing@ the o>Aect to >e mo5ed

#ote : ; all m ltiplier al es ; < 5f calc lated al e =< : then se < :

mmh 2016

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