mla endnotes and footnotes

7/23/2019 MLA Endnotes and Footnotes

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MLA Endnotes and Footnotes

Summary: MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to writepapers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource updated to

re!lect the MLA "andboo# !or $riters o! %esearch &apers ('th th ed.) and the MLAStyle Manual and *uide to Scholarly &ublishing o!!ers e+amples !or the general !ormato! MLA research papers in,te+t citations endnotes-!ootnotes and the $or#s itedpage.

ontributors:Tony %ussell Allen /ri0ee Eli0abeth Angeli %ussell 1ec# 2oshua M. &ai0&urdue 3$L Sta!!Last Edited: 4564,54,57 54:48:96

/ecause long e+planatory notes can be distracting to readers most academic styleguidelines (including MLA and A&A) recommend limited use o! endnotes-!ootnotes

howe;er certain publishers encourage or re !or acontrasting ;iew see &yle 9= 2ohnson "ull Snyder 46,=> 1rieg '8,76.

=. Se;eral other studies point to this same conclusion. See 2ohnson and "ull 9>,'71ather 4=,=6 1rieg >5,>'.

3r you can also use endnotes-!ootnotes !or occasional explanatory notes(also #nownas content notes) which re!ers to brie! additional in!ormation that might be toodigressi;e !or the main te+t:

9. ?n a 6778 inter;iew she reiterated this point e;en more strongly: @? am an artistnot a politician@ ($eller 649).

Bumbering Endnotes and Footnotes in the Cocument /ody

Endnotes and !ootnotes in MLA !ormat are indicated in,te+t by superscript Arabicnumbers a!ter the punctuation o! the phrase or clause to which the note re!ers:

Some ha;e argued that such an in;estigation would be !ruitless.

Scholars ha;e argued !or years that this claim has no basis 'so we would do well toignore it.

Bote that when a long dash appears in the te+t the !ootnote-endnote number appearsbeforethe dash:

For years scholars ha;e !ailed to address this point 8Da !act that suggests theircowardice more than their carelessness.

Do not use asterisks (*), angle brackets (>), or other symbols for note references . Thelist o! endnotes and !ootnotes (either o! which !or papers submitted !or publicationshould be listed on a separate page as indicated below) should correspond to the notere!erences in the te+t.


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Formatting Endnotes and Footnotes

Endnotes &age

MLA recommends that all notes be listed on a separate page entitled Botes (centeredno !ormatting). (se Bote i! there is only one note.) The Botes page should appearbe!ore the $or#s ited page. This is especially important !or papers being submitted !orpublication.

The notes themsel;es should be listed by consecuti;e arabic numbers that correspondto the notation in the te+t. Botes are double,spaced. Each endnote is indented !i;espaces subse


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Jones 1

Tracy Jones

Mr. K. Smith

ENG-4GN-01

18 April 200

The Many Facets of Taboo

The !orl" #oo$ Encyclope"ia "e%ines Ta&oo as 'an action( o&)ect( person( or place

%or&i""en

&y la* or c+lt+re.'1

An encyclope"ia o% the occ+lt points o+t that ta&oo is %o+n" amon, many other c+lt+res

incl+"in, the ancient E,yptians( Je*s an" others.2

Mary o+,las has analye" the many %acets an" interpretations o% ta&oos across

/ario+s c+lt+res. She points o+t that the *or" 'ta&oo' ori,inates %rom the olynesian

lan,+a,es meanin, a reli,io+s restriction.

She %in"s that 'ta&oos %lo* %rom social

&o+n"aries an" s+pport the social str+ct+re.'4

n re%erence to 3rea$ Sho*s at circ+ses( othen&er, ma$es the o&ser/ation that

people *ho possess +ncommon %eat+res an" *ho *illin,ly ,o o+t in p+&lic to "isplay

s+ch o""ities to onloo$ers are actin, as 'mo"ern-"ay ta&oo &rea$ers' &y crossin,

the '%inal &o+n"ary &et*een societal acceptance an" ostracism.'5

In traditional British East Africa, between the time of puberty and marriage, a young

Aamba girl must maintain an a!oidance relationship with her own father"#

$ooing at taboo in a modern society, Mar!in %arris gi!es an interesting e&ample of

the

application of cultural materialism to the %indu taboo against eating beef" '

()elly *othenberg, +Tattooed eople as Taboo Figures in Modern -ociety,+ 1..#,

BME/syber 0ity, 1 Jan" 233( 4http5//bme"free6"com/tatoo/tattab"html7"

#-igmund Freud, Totem and Taboo 89ew :or5 *andom, 1.1; 1'"

'Mar!in %arris, +The 0ultural Ecology of India


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?! your instructor considers your Endnotes to be aderath, -tacy" +Ecological Anthropology"+ Anthropological Theories5 A >uide

repared by -tudents for -tudents" 1. ?ct" 2331" @" of Alabama" 1 Jan" 233(

4http5//www"as"ua"edu/ant/Faculty/Murphy/ecologic"htm7"

*othenberg, )elly" +Tattooed eople as Taboo Figures in Modern -ociety"+

1..#" BME/syber 0ity" 1 Jan" 233( 4http5//bme"free6"com/tatoo/

tattab"html7"

+Taboo"+ ?ccultopedia5 Encyclopedia of ?ccult -ciences and )nowledge" -ite created

and designed by Marcus " >ay" 1 Jan" 233( 4http5//www"occultopedia"com/t/

taboo"htm7"

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