MIXED METHOD RESEARCH DESIGN

Institute of Education and Research

University of Dhaka

PRESENTING BY……..

2

MD. RASEL SARDER(1217

1)

MD. TARIKUL

ISLAM(12111)

WE WILL DISCUSS ABOUT…… Definition of Mixed Method Research Basic Characteristic of Mixed Method

Research When we conduct a Mixed Method

Study Reason for using Mixed Method The types of Mixed Method Research Steps for conducting a Mixed Method

Research Criteria for Evaluating a Mixed Method

Study Some Strength and Weakness of the

M.M.S

QUANTITATIVE AND

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH• Quantitative research is a way of

collecting numerical research or data which then can be converted into useable statistics.

• It uses measureable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH • Qualitative research is used to gain a

deeper understanding of the subject. • It helps to develop ideas or

hypothesises. It is used to uncover trends in thoughts and opinions. Common methods used are focused groups, individual interviews and observations

WHAT IS MIXED METHODS RESEARCH?

Mixed methods research is a procedure for collecting, analyzing and “mixing” both quantitative and qualitative methods in a single study or a series of studies to understand a research problem. -Creswell & Plano Clark(2011)

The purpose of this form of research is that both qualitative and quantitative research, in combination, provide a better understanding of a research problem or issue than either research approach alone.

HOW WOULD YOU COMBINE TWO TYPES OF DATA?

Qualitative Text Data

This is a sample of a text file of words that might be collected on interview transcripts, observation field notes, or optically-scanned documents.

Quantitative Numeric Data

2 3 4 2 5 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 2 3 3 2 1 1 1 5 3 4 1 2 3 1 4 4 5 5 4 1 2 1 4 3 3 5 1 4 2 3 1 5 5 2 2 1 5 3 5 1 3 1 5 3 2 2 5 1 3 2 4 4 3 1 2 4 2 2 4 1 5 5 4 2 1 5

COLLECTING BOTH QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DATA

Quantitative dataQuestionnaire Survey Census Attendance Record Checklists

Qualitative dataInterviewsObservations FGDDocuments Studies Case-StudyAudio-visual materials

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FRAMEWORK FOR VIEWING PERSPECTIVES ON MIXED

METHODS

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Quantitative Data Qualitative Data

Findings

Findings

Findings

Comparison

A MIXED METHODS RESEARCHER…

Collects both quantitative and qualitative data “Mixes” them “Mixes” them at the same time (concurrently) or one

after the other (sequentially) Emphasizes both equally or unequally

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS

Provide the rationale for the design Include collecting qualitative and

quantitative data Consider priority Consider sequence Match the data analysis to a design Diagram the procedures

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WHEN DO YOU CONDUCT A MIXED METHODS STUDY ?

When we have both quantitative and qualitative data

When one type of research is not enough to explain or to answer the question

When we want qualitative research to help explain quantitative findings

When we want to generalize findings to a large population

When we want to provide alternative perspectives in a study

WHAT ARE THE REASON FOR USING MIXED METHODS ?

To explain and interpret. To explore a phenomenon. To develop and to test a new instrument. To complement the strengths of a single

design. To overcome the weaknesses of a single

design. To address a question at different levels. To address a theoretical perspective at

different levels.

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MIXED METHODS DESIGN?

The Convergent Parallel Design The Explanatory Sequential Design The Exploratory Sequential Design The Embedded Sequential Design

The Transformative Design The Multiphase Design

Four Basic Design of M.M.

RComplex

Design of

M.M.R

THE CONVERGENT PARALLEL DESIGN

The purpose of a convergent of Parallel mixed methods design is to simultaneously collect both qualitative and quantitative data, merge the data and use the results to understand a research problem.

CONTINUE….

Characteristic

Data Collection Priority (Equal) Sequence (Concurrently/

Simultaneously) Use of Data (To Compare

Similar/Dissimilar)

THE EXPLANATORY SEQUENTIAL DESIGN

Characterized by: An explanatory sequential mixed methods design consists of first collecting quantitative data and then collecting qualitative data to help explain or elaborate on the quantitative results.

Purpose: To use qualitative results to assist the findings of a quantitative study.

CONTINUE….

Characteristic

Data Collection Priority (Quantitative Data)

Sequence (First Quantitative Data) Use of Data (To Refine, Polish,

Elaborate)

THE EXPLORATORY SEQUENTIAL DESIGN

Characterized by: An exploratory sequential mixed method design involves the procedure of first gathering qualitative data to explore a phenomenon and then collecting quantitative data to explain relationship found in the qualitative data.

Purpose: To explore a phenomenon. This strategy may also be useful when developing and testing a new instrument.

CONTINUE….

Characteristic

Data Collection Priority (Qualitative Data)

Sequence (First Qualitative Data) Use of Data (To Refine, Polish,

Elaborate)

THE EMBEDDED SEQUENTIAL DESIGN

The embedded design is to collect quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously or sequentially but to have one form of data play a supportive role to the other form of data.

CONTINUE….

Characteristic

Data Collection Priority (Often Quant./Often Qual.)

Sequence (Sequentially / Simultaneously)

Use of Data (To Provide additional Source or Argument)

THE TRANSFORMATIVE DESIGN

The Transformative mixed methods design is to use one of the four designs but to encase the design within a transformative framework or lens.

THE MULTIPHASE DESIGN The Multiphase Design is a complex design that

builds on the basic convergent, explanatory, exploratory and embedded design which is occur when researchers or a team of researchers examine a problem or topic through a series of phases or separate studies.

STEPS IN THE PROCESS OF CONDUCTING A MIXED METHOD STUDIES

Determine a mixed method study is feasible Identify a rationale for a mixed method study Identify the data collecting strategy and type

of design Develop quantitative, qualitative and mixed

method research questions Collect quantitative and qualitative data Analyze data separately or concurrently Write a report as one or two phase study

DIAGRAM OF STEPS OF MIXED METHOD DESIGNS

STEP-1: DETERMINE A MIXED METHOD STUDY IS FEASIBLE

• Research problem Content – any topics Fit the problem to mixed methods

(arguments)

• Access to both qualitative and quantitative data

• Background and resources

STEP-2: IDENTIFY A RATIONALE FOR A MIXED METHOD STUDY

Consider why you are collecting both quantitative and qualitative data.

Be explicit in this rationale Include it early in the research plan or

report

STEP-3: IDENTIFY A DATA COLLECTION STRATEGY

The priority give you will give to quantitative and qualitative data

The sequence of your data collection, if you do not plan to collect the data

The specific forms of quantitative data and qualitative data you will collect

STEP-4: DEVELOP QUANTITATIVE , QUALITATIVE AND MIXED METHODS QUESTIONS

Identify questions prior to a study or during the study

Create both exploratory questions and analytic variable question

Question will emerge depend on the type of design

STEP-5: COLLECT QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DATA

The sequence of data collection will depend on the type of design

In all design the presentation of data or information will be will organized

STEP-6: ANALYZE DATA SEPARATELY OR CONCURRENTLY

Data analyze mainly related to the specific type of design being used

Analyze data (qualitative and quantitative) separately, concurrently or both

STEP-7: WRITE A REPORT AS ONE OR TWO PHASE STUDY

The report is written in two phase The report integrates the quantitative

and qualitative phases or the study in each section

HOW DO YOU EVALUATE A MIXED METHOD STUDY ? Describes that mixed method is the best approach to

answer the research questions. Incorporates both qualitative and quantitative data

collection and analysis. Explicitly combines or mixes two datasets. Frames the study one of the mixed method research

designs. Provides a diagram of the procedure to clarify the

timing, priority and mixing within the study. Signals to the reader that the study is using mixed

method.

WHAT ARE SOME STRENGTHS?

Can be easy to describe and to report

Can be useful when unexpected results arise from a prior study

Can help to generalize qualitative data

Helpful in designing and validating an instrument

Can position research in a transformative framework

WHAT ARE SOME WEAKNESSES?

Time required.

Discrepancies between different types of data.

Can be difficult to decide when to proceed in sequential designs.

Little guidance on transformative methods.

SOME EXAMPLE OF MIXED METHOD RESEARCH PROBLEM

“Exploring the Effect of Motivational Feedback given in Continuous on Self-Regulated learning”

“The Pattern of Teacher Student Communication at the Primary Level Education in Bangladesh”

“A Sequential Explanatory Study of College Student’s Copy-and-Paste Note Talking”

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THANK YOU ALL………