miss long science / aqa a2 glossary
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AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Investigating Populations
Abiotic factors:
Abundance:
ACFOR:
Adaptations:
Assumptions:
Biosphere:
Biotic factors:
Community:
Dataloggers:
Density:
Dispersal:
Ecological niche:
Ecology:
Ecosystem:
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AQA Biology A2: Investigating Populations
Environmental gradient:
Frequency:
Fundamental niche:
Gause’s competitive exclusion principle:
Habitat:
Hypothesis:
Interspecific competition:
Intraspecific competition:
Kite graph:
Lincoln index:
Mark and recapture sampling:
Optimum range:
Point sampling:
Quadrats:
Radiotracking:
Random sampling:
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AQA Biology A2: Investigating Populations
Realised niche:
Reproduction:
Sample size:
Species diversity indices:
Tolerance range
Transects:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Population Dynamics
Age pyramids:
Age structure:
Amensalism:
Antibiosis:
Carrying capacity:
Clumped distribution:
Colonising populations:
Commensalism:
Competition:
Competitive exclusion principle:
Density dependent factors:
Density independent factors:
Ectoparasite:
Endoparasite:
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AQA Biology A2: Population Dynamics
Environmental resistance:
Equilibrium:
Established populations:
Exponential growth curve:
Exponential phase:
Herbivory:
Human demographics
Immigation:
Infant mortality rate:
Interspecific competition:
Intraspecific competition:
Lag phase:
Life expectancy:
Limiting factors:
Microhabitats:
Migration rate:
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AQA Biology A2: Population Dynamics
Mortality:
Mutualism:
Natality:
Niche differentiation:
Parasitism:
Population density:
Population distribution:
Population size:
Predation:
Random distribution:
Scramble competition:
Sex ratio:
Sigmoidal growth curve:
Species interactions:
Stationary phase:
Survival rate:
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AQA Biology A2: Population Dynamics
Survivorship:
Symbiosis:
Territoriality:
Uniform distribution:
Urbanisation:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Absorption spectrum:
Accessory pigments:
Acetyl-coenzyme A:
Action spectrum:
Adenosine triphosphate:
Aerobic respiration:
Alcoholic fermentation:
Autotrophs:
Calvin cycle:
Carbohydrate:
Carbon dioxide:
Carbon fixation:
Carotenoids:
Cellular respiration:
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AQA Biology A2: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Cellulose:
Chemiosmosis:
Chlorophyll:
Chloroplasts:
Cristae:
Cyclic phosphorylation:
Disaccharides:
Electromagnetic radiation:
Electromagnetic spectrum:
Electron transport chain:
Exergonic:
Facultative anaerobe:
Glucose:
Glycolysis:
Grana:
Heterotrophs:
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High energy bonds:
Krebs cycle:
Lactic acid fermentation:
Light dependent phase:
Light independent phase:
Limiting factors:
Mitochondrian:
NADPH2
Non-cyclic phosphorylation
Obligate anaerobe:
Oxaloacetate:
Oxidative phosphorylation:
Oxygen:
Phagocytosis:
Photoactivation:
Photolysis:
AQA Biology A2: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
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AQA Biology A2: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis:
Photosynthetic rate:
Pigments:
Producers:
Pyruvate:
Starch:
Stroma:
Substrate level phosphorylation:
Thylakoid membranes:
Transition reaction:
Water:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Energy in Ecosystems
Bioaccumulation:
Biogeochemical cycle:
Biological control:
Biomass:
Biopesticide:
Carnivores:
Consumer:
Decomposers:
Detritivores:
Detritus:
Ecological efficiency:
Ecological pyramid:
Energy flow:
Energy transfer:
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AQA Biology A2: Energy in Ecosystems
Factory farming:
Food chain:
Food web:
Gross primary production:
Herbivores:
Laws of thermodynamics:
Net primary production:
Organic matter:
Pest management:
Pesticide:
Producer:
Productivity:
Standing crop:
Ten percent law:
Trophic level:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Nutrient Cycles
Ammonification:
Biodiversity:
Biogeochemical cycle:
Carbon cycle:
Carbon dioxide:
Crop rotation:
Decomposition:
Denitrifying bacteria:
Environmental reservoir:
Eutrophication:
Fossil fuels:
Global warming:
Greenhouse effect:
Haber process:
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AQA Biology A2: Nutrient Cycles
Leaching:
Methane:
Nitrifying bacteria:
Nitrogen cycle:
Nitrogen pollution:
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria:
Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria:
Nutrient cycle:
Organic matter:
Plants:
Primary productivity:
Stratosphere:
Troposphere:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Succession in Ecosystems
Aquatic plants:
Canopy trees:
Climax community:
Community:
Conservation:
Coppicing:
Deflected succession:
Dormouse:
Ecological succession:
Eutrophication:
Fen:
Gap regeneration:
Grasses:
Heath:
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Lichens:
Macrophyte:
Peat bog:
Pioneer species:
Plagioclimax:
Primary succession:
Saplings:
Scrub:
Secondary succession:
Sere:
Stools:
Succession:
Swamp:
Wetland:
AQA Biology A2: Succession in Ecosystems
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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The Genetics of Populations
Adaptation:
Allele:
Allopatric speciation:
Antibiotic resistance:
Back-cross:
Balanced polymorphism:
Behavioural isolation:
Bergman’s rule:
Carrier:
Codominance:
Cross:
Deme:
Dominant alleles:
Ecological isolation:
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AQA Biology A2: The Genetics of Populations
F1 generation:
F2 generation:
Falciparum malaria:
Fitness:
Gamete isolation:
Gene flow:
Gene pool:
Genetic drift:
Genetic equilibrium:
Genotype:
Geographical isolation:
Hardy-Weinberg equation:
Heterozygous:
Homologues:
Homozygous:
Hybrid:
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Industrial melanism:
Inheritance:
Isolation:
Lethal system:
Locus:
Mate selection:
Microevolution:
Migration:
Monohybrid cross:
Multiple alleles:
Mutation:
Natural selection:
Pesticide resistance:
Phenotype:
Postzygotic isolating mechanism:
Prezygotic isolating mechanism:
AQA Biology A2: The Genetics of Populations
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AQA Biology A2: The Genetics of Populations
Progeny:
Punnett square:
Pure-breeding:
Recessive alleles:
Reproductive isolation:
Selfing:
Sex linkage:
Sexual reproduction:
Sickle cell disease:
Speciation:
Species:
Sympatric:
Test-cross:
Trait:
Transient polymorphism:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Responses & Coordination
Accelerator centre:
Acetylcholine:
Acetylcholinesterase:
Action potential:
Acuity:
Adrenergic synapses:
Agonist:
Alleopathy:
Antagonist:
Aortic reflex:
Autocrine signalling:
Autonomic nervous system:
Auxin:
Axon:
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AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
Bainbridge reflex:
Baroreceptors:
Biological transducer:
Blind spot:
Cardiovascular control centre:
Carotid reflex:
Cell body:
Cell signalling:
Central fovea:
Chemoreceptors:
Chemotropism:
Chlolinergic synapse:
Cones:
Cranial reflex:
Cytoplasmic receptors:
Dendrites:
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AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
Depolarisation:
Directional stimuli:
Effectors:
Electrochemical gradient:
Endocrine signalling:
Ganglion cells:
Generator potential:
Gravitropism:
Heart rate:
Herbivory:
Hormones:
Human eye:
Hydrotropism:
Hyperpolarisation:
Indole-3-acetic acid:
Inhibition:
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Ion pumps:
Kineses:
Ligands:
Mechanoreceptor:
Myelin:
Myelinated motor neurone:
Myogenic:
Nastic responses:
Nerves:
Neural:
Neuromuscular junction:
Neurotransmitters:
Nodes of Ranvier:
Noradrenaline:
Olfactory receptors:
Oligodendrocytes:
AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
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AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
Optic nerve:
Orientation behaviours:
Pacinian corpuscle:
Paracrine signalling:
Parasympathetic:
Photochemical pigments:
Photoreceptors:
Phototropism:
Postsynaptic neurone:
Presynaptic terminal:
Proprioreceptors:
Purkinje fibres:
Reflexes:
Refractory period:
Relex arc:
Resting potential:
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AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
Retina:
Rods:
Salatory conduction:
Schwann cells:
Sense organ:
Sensitivity:
Sensory adaptation:
Sensory neurone:
Sensory receptor:
Signal transduction:
Signalling cascade:
Sinoatrial node:
Stimulus:
Summation:
Sympathetic:
Synapses:
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AQA Biology A2: Responses & Coordination
Synaptic cleft:
Taxes:
Thigmotropism:
Threshold potential:
Transmembrane receptors:
Tropism:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Muscles & Movement
Actin:
Aerobic:
Agonist:
Anaerobic:
Anaerobic threshold:
Atagonistic muscles:
ATP:
ATP-CP system:
Atrophy:
Blood lactate:
Brachialis:
Calcium ions:
Cardiac muscle:
Contraction:
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AQA Biology A2: Muscles & Movement
Cori cycle:
Creatine phosphate:
Cross bridge:
Dystrophin:
Fasciles:
Fibres:
Frequency summation:
Glycolytic system:
Graded responses:
Hyperextension:
Hypotonia:
Intrafusal fibres:
Joints:
Lactic acid:
Motor nerves:
Motor unit:
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AQA Biology A2: Muscles & Movement
Muscle fatigue:
Muscle spindle organs:
Muscle tone:
Myofibrils:
Myofilaments:
Myosin:
Neuromuscular junction:
Oxidative system:
Oxygen debt:
Phosphocreatine:
Posture:
Sarcomere:
Sarcoplasmic reticulum:
Sensory nerves:
Skeletal muscle:
Sliding filament theory:
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AQA Biology A2: Muscles & Movement
Smooth muscle:
Synergist:
Tendons:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Homeostasis
Adenylate cyclase:
Adrenaline:
Autonomic nervous system:
Blood glucose:
Breathing:
Countercurrent heat exchange:
Diabetes mellitus:
Ectothermic:
Effectors:
Endothermic:
Fever:
First messenger:
Folicle stimulating hormone:
Follicular phase:
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AQA Biology A2: Homeostasis
Glucagon:
Gluconeogenesis:
Glycogenesis:
Glycogenolysis:
Gonadotropin releasing hormone:
Homeostasis
Homeothermic:
Hyperglycemia:
Hyperthermia:
Hypothalamus:
Inflammatory response:
Insulin:
Leutenising hormone:
Luteal phase:
Negative feedback:
Oestrogen:
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AQA Biology A2: Homeostasis
Oestrous cycle:
Ovulation:
Pancreas:
Parasympathetic nerves:
Pathogens:
Poikothermic:
Postive feedback:
Progesterone:
Receptors:
Second messenger:
Shivering:
Sweating:
Sympathetic nerves:
Thermoreceptors:
Thermoregulation:
Vasoconstriction:
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AQA Biology A2: Homeostasis
Vasodilation:
Voluntary activity:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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DNA & Gene Expression
Albinism:
Anticodons:
Apoptosis:
Autoimmune diseases:
Base deletion:
Base insertion:
Base substitution:
Benign tumour:
Callus:
Cancer:
Cell replacement therapy:
Chimera:
Cloning
Coding strand:
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AQA Biology A2: DNA & Gene Expression
Cystic fibrosis:
Cytoplasm:
Degeneracy:
Eukaryotes:
Exons:
Explant:
Gene expression:
Gene mutations:
Gene silencers:
Generation times:
Genetic code:
Herceptin:
Heterochromatin:
Histocompatibility:
Huntington disease:
Inherited metabolic disorders:
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AQA Biology A2: DNA & Gene Expression
Introns:
Melanin:
Messenger RNA (mRNA):
Micropropagation:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs):
Mutagens:
Mutations:
Non-overlapping:
Nucleotide:
Nucleus:
Oestrogen:
Pluripotent cells:
Potency:
Proto-oncogens:
Reading frame shift:
Ribosomes:
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AQA Biology A2: DNA & Gene Expression
RNA polymerase:
Sickle cell mutation:
Somatic cell:
Stem cell:
Template strand (antisense):
Terminator sequence:
Thalassaemia:
Tissue engineering:
Totipotent cells:
Transcription:
Transfer RNA (tRNA):
Translation:
Triplet code (codon):
Tumour suppressor genes:
Universal nature:
AQA Biology A2: Glossary Worksheets
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Gene Cloning Technologies
Adenoviruses:
Annealing:
Antibiotic resistance:
Autosomal recessive conditions:
Base sequence:
Biofactories:
Biotechnology:
Blunt end:
Chymosin:
Cystic fibrosis:
Diabetes mellitus:
DNA chip (microarray):
DNA ligase:
DNA ligation:
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AQA Biology A2: Gene Cloning Technologies
DNA polymerase:
DNA probes:
DNA profiling:
Electrophoresis gel:
Erythropoietin:
Factor VIII:
Gel electrophoresis:
Gene cloning:
Gene technology:
Genetic counselling:
Genetic engineering:
Genetic modified organisms (GMOs):
Genetic screening:
Genome:
Germ line:
Golden rice:
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AQA Biology A2: Gene Cloning Technologies
HGP:
Human growth hormone:
In vitro gene cloning:
In vivo gene cloning:
Insulin:
Interferon:
Ligation:
Microarrays:
Microsatelites:
Nucleic acid hybridisation:
Nucleotides:
Plasmid:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR):
Primers:
Proteinase:
Proteomics:
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AQA Biology A2: Gene Cloning Technologies
Radioactive labelling:
Recognition site:
Recombinant DNA:
Restriction enzyme:
Reverse transcriptase:
Somatic cell gene therapy:
Sticky end:
Thermal cycler:
Transfection:
Transgenesis:
Transgenic organism:
Vectors: