misd chap 10 technology management
TRANSCRIPT
TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
References:
Stair R. & Reynolds G. (2010). Information Systems. 9th Edition. Course Technology.
MGT OF ISD (IMS452)
OVERVIEW
All technologies that process, store and deliver data and information must be managed as integrated systems of organizational resources …(IRM philosophy)
Managing technologies is a primary responsibility of the CIO on all IT services
Technology management covered: – Network management – Advanced technology management
MAIN ACTIVITIES IN MANAGING TECHNOLOGY
Understanding of trends in technology of hardware and software
Evaluating the merging technologies Recommending the high potential payoffs
technology Continuous support until the technology is
replaced by new emerging technology The technology personnel must be employed
and trained
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
Managing the company’s networking access – Internet, intranets, extranet, WAN and LAN
Require – major commitment of hardware and software
resources– the creation of managerial and staff positions to
manage their use
Responsible for overseeing the quality of the network and telecommunication services in the organization
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MGT
Managing advanced technology is to identify, introduce and monitor the adaption of new information system technologies into the organization especially those with a high payoff potential
It is important to the organization as it gives a major impact on the operations, costs, management work environment and competitive position
Cont.. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY MGT
A group of senior SA and IST specialist who report to CIO, called as– Technology management– Emerging technologies, or– Advanced technology group Will, monitor the emerging technological andidentify innovative developments to the organization
They work with end-user managers and information service management to introduce new technologies to the organization
They also audit the organization’s current applications of technology for improvement
TRENDS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Major changes and trends in computer systems have occurred and will continue – Early 1950’s - 1st generation computing– Late 1960’s - 2nd generation computing– 1970’s - 3rd generation
computing– 1980’s and 1990’s - 4th generation computing– 21st century - 5th generation computing
Computer become smaller, faster more reliable, cheaper to purchase and maintain and more interconnected within computer networks
TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Micro computer systems– Handheld to fit on a desktop for personal
productivity
Midrange computer system– Midsize general purpose business
Mainframe computer system– Large general purpose business and government
Supercomputers – Very huge for scientific research
Other types of microcomputers
Network computers (thin client Portable computers
– Notebook computers– Tablet PCs– Handheld computers
PDA Pocket PC Cell phone
INPUT TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
The input trend is moving toward direct input devices that are more natural and easy to use
– 1st generation - punched cards and paper tape– 2nd generation - punched cards– 3rd generation - key to tape and /or disk– 4th generation - keyboard data entry, pointing devices
and optical scanning– 5th generation - voice recognition, touch devices and
handwriting recognition
INPUT DEVICES OPTIONS
Terminals which connected to a complete computer system
Keyboard, touchpad, mouse Speech recognition technology Digital camera Scanning devices Optical data readers:
– optical mark recognition (OMR)– Optical character recognition (OCR)
Cont.. INPUT DEVICES OPTIONS
Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) devices
Magnetic stripe card Point of sale devices Automated teller machine (ATM) devices Pen input devices Touch sensitive screen Bar code scanners Radio frequency identification
OUTPUTS TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
The trends toward direct output methods that communicate naturally, quickly, and clearly– 1st generation – punched cards, printed reports and
documents– 2nd generation – punched cards, printed reports and
documents– 3rd generation – printed reports & documents, and
video displays– 4th generation – video displays, audio responses,
printed reports and documents– 5th generation – video displays, voice responses,
hyperlinked multimedia documents
OUTPUTS DEVICES OPTIONS
Display monitors or CRT Plasma displays Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) Organic Light-emitting Diodes (OLED) Printers and Plotters Digital audio player – eg MP3
STORAGE TRENDS
Data and information must be stored until needed using variety of storage methods categorized as primary and secondary storage
STORAGE DEVICES OPTIONS
Hard disk Magnetic tape Magnetic disks Redundant array of independent/inexpensive
disks (RAID) Virtual tape Optical discs eg. Compact disc read-only
memory (CD-ROM) Digital video disc Holographic disc
ENTERPRISE STORAGE OPTIONS
Attached storage– storage devices are connected directly to a single
computer
Network attached storage (NAS)– Storage devices that attach to a network instead
of to a single computer
Storage area network (SAN)– The technology that provides high-speed
connections between data-storage devices and computers over a network
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
Is a program that manage the hardware, software, network and data resources of the computer system during its execution of the various information processing jobs of usersOperating Systems (DOS/Windows 95/NT/2000/XP/Profesional/Vista/2007)Network Management Programs (Novell Netware/ Windows NT/ IBM OS2)Database Management System (Microsoft Access/MySQL/Oracle)Other system management program includes performance monitors and security monitors (Windows NT Server
POPULAR OPERATING SYSTEM
Personal Workgroup Enterprise
Microsoft Windows Vista, XP, Mobile, Automotive, Embedded
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and server 2008
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 and server 2008
Mac OS X Mac OS X Server
UNIX UNIX UNIX
Solaris Solaris Solaris
Linux Linux Linux
Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux Red Hat Linux
Palm OS Netware
IBM i5/OS and z/OS IBM i5/OS and z/OS
HP-UX 11i HP-UX 11i
SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
The trends is toward multipurpose, network enabled, expert-assisted packages with natural language and graphical user interfaces
– 1st generation - user written programs and machine languages
– 2nd generation – packaged programs and symbolic languages
– 3rd generation – operating systems and high level languages
– 4th generation – database management system, 4th languages and microcomputer packages
– 5th generation – natural & object oriented languages, and multipurpose graphic-interface, network enabled and expert assisted packages
TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
There are two types of computer software:– Application software
• Is divided into application specific and general purpose application program
– System software• Consists of programs that manage
and support a computer system and its information processing activities
BUSINESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Telecommunications is the exchange of information in voice, data, text and images forms over computer based networks
The business applications of telecommunications can be divided into three major categories:– Enterprise collaboration systems– Electronic commerce system– Internal business system
MAJOR TRENDS IN BUSINESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Industry trends– Towards a greater number of competitive vendors,
carriers, alliances, and network services
Technology trends– Towards the use of internet and other open and
interconnected local and global information superhighway system
Application trends– Towards the intensive use of the internet, enterprise
intranets and inter organizational extranets to support electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration, online business operation.